{"id":37750,"date":"2019-10-31T22:19:31","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:19:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/distri-distributiv-dlya-obkatki-tehnologij-bystrogo-upravleniya-paketami\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:19:31","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:19:31","slug":"distri-distributiv-dlya-obkatki-tehnologij-bystrogo-upravleniya-paketami","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/blog\/news\/distri-distributiv-dlya-obkatki-tehnologij-bystrogo-upravleniya-paketami","title":{"rendered":"Distri \u2014 distrib\u00facia na testovanie technol\u00f3gi\u00ed r\u00fdchleho spravovania bal\u00edkov","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Michael Stapelberg, autor mozaikov\u00e9ho spr\u00e1vcu okien i3wm a v minulosti akt\u00edvny v\u00fdvoj\u00e1r Debian (zabezpe\u010doval okolo 170 bal\u00edkov), rozv\u00edja<\/a><\/noindex> experiment\u00e1lnu distrib\u00faciu distri<\/a><\/noindex> a rovnomenn\u00fd spr\u00e1vca bal\u00edkov. Projekt je prezentovan\u00fd ako v\u00fdskum mo\u017en\u00fdch sp\u00f4sobov zvy\u0161ovania v\u00fdkonu syst\u00e9mov spr\u00e1vy bal\u00edkov a realizuje niektor\u00e9 nov\u00e9 n\u00e1pady na stavbu distrib\u00faci\u00ed. K\u00f3d spr\u00e1vcu bal\u00edkov je nap\u00edsan\u00fd v jazyku Go a distribuovan\u00fd<\/a><\/noindex> pod licenciou BSD.<\/p>\n

K\u013e\u00fa\u010dovou vlastnos\u0165ou navrhovan\u00e9ho form\u00e1tu bal\u00edkov v distrib\u00facii je dodanie bal\u00edka vo forme obrazov SquashFS namiesto komprimovan\u00fdch tar-arch\u00edvov. Pou\u017eitie SquashFS, podobne ako vo form\u00e1toch AppImage a Snap, umo\u017e\u0148uje 'pripoji\u0165' bal\u00edk bez nutnosti jeho rozbalenia, \u010do \u0161etr\u00ed diskov\u00fd priestor, povoluje atom\u00e1rne zmeny a rob\u00ed obsah bal\u00edka okam\u017eite dostupn\u00fdm. Bal\u00edky distri, ako v klasickom form\u00e1te 'deb', obsahuj\u00fa iba jednotliv\u00e9 komponenty, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa navz\u00e1jom prepojen\u00e9 z\u00e1vislos\u0165ami s in\u00fdmi bal\u00edkmi (kni\u017enice nie s\u00fa v bal\u00edkoch duplikovan\u00e9, ale s\u00fa in\u0161talovan\u00e9 ako z\u00e1vislosti). In\u00fdmi slovami, distri sa sna\u017e\u00ed skombinova\u0165 granulovan\u00fa \u0161trukt\u00faru bal\u00edkov klasick\u00fdch distrib\u00faci\u00ed, ako je Debian, s met\u00f3dami dod\u00e1vky aplik\u00e1ci\u00ed vo forme pripojite\u013en\u00fdch kontajnerov.<\/p>\n

Ka\u017ed\u00fd bal\u00edk v distri je pripojen\u00fd do svojho adres\u00e1ra v re\u017eime len na \u010d\u00edtanie (napr\u00edklad bal\u00edk s zsh je dostupn\u00fd ako '\/ro\/zsh-amd64-5.6.2-3'), \u010do pozit\u00edvne ovplyv\u0148uje bezpe\u010dnos\u0165 a chr\u00e1ni pred n\u00e1hodn\u00fdmi alebo zlomyse\u013en\u00fdmi zmenami. Na vytvorenie hierarchie pomocn\u00fdch adres\u00e1rov, ako s\u00fa \/usr\/bin, \/usr\/share a \/usr\/lib, sa pou\u017e\u00edva \u0161peci\u00e1lny modul FUSE, ktor\u00fd sp\u00e1ja obsah v\u0161etk\u00fdch nain\u0161talovan\u00fdch obrazov SquashFS do jedn\u00e9ho celku (napr\u00edklad adres\u00e1r \/ro\/share poskytuje pr\u00edstup k pods\u00faborom share zo v\u0161etk\u00fdch bal\u00edkov). <\/p>\n

Bal\u00edky<\/a><\/noindex> v distri s\u00fa principi\u00e1lne zbaven\u00e9<\/a><\/noindex> od volan\u00fdch v pr\u016fb\u011bhu instalace zpracovatel\u016f (bez hook\u016f a trigger\u016f) a r\u016fzn\u00e9 verze bal\u00ed\u010dku mohou koexistovat vedle sebe, co\u017e umo\u017e\u0148uje paraleln\u00ed instalaci bal\u00ed\u010dk\u016f. Navr\u017een\u00e1 struktura omezuje v\u00fdkon spr\u00e1vce bal\u00ed\u010dk\u016f pouze na propustnost s\u00edt\u011b, p\u0159es kterou jsou bal\u00ed\u010dky stahov\u00e1ny. Samotn\u00e1 instalace nebo aktualizace bal\u00ed\u010dku se prov\u00e1d\u00ed atom\u00e1rn\u011b a nevy\u017eaduje duplicitu obsahu. <\/p>\n

Konflikty p\u0159i instalaci bal\u00ed\u010dk\u016f jsou vylou\u010deny, proto\u017ee ka\u017ed\u00fd bal\u00ed\u010dek je v\u00e1z\u00e1n na sv\u016fj vlastn\u00ed adres\u00e1\u0159, a v syst\u00e9mu m\u016f\u017ee existovat v\u00edce verz\u00ed jednoho bal\u00ed\u010dku (v souhrnn\u00fdch adres\u00e1\u0159\u00edch se p\u0159ipojuje obsah adres\u00e1\u0159e s nov\u011bj\u0161\u00ed reviz\u00ed bal\u00ed\u010dku). Sestaven\u00ed bal\u00ed\u010dk\u016f tak\u00e9 prob\u00edh\u00e1 velmi rychle a nevy\u017eaduje instalaci bal\u00ed\u010dk\u016f v samostatn\u00e9m sestavovac\u00edm prost\u0159ed\u00ed (ve sestavovac\u00edm prost\u0159ed\u00ed se vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed pohledy na pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 z\u00e1vislosti z adres\u00e1\u0159e \/ro).<\/p>\n

Podporov\u00e1ny<\/a><\/noindex> \u0161tandardn\u00e9 pr\u00edkazy na spr\u00e1vu bal\u00edkov, ako 'distri install' a 'distri update', a miesto informa\u010dn\u00fdch pr\u00edkazov m\u00f4\u017eete vyu\u017ei\u0165 \u0161tandardn\u00fd n\u00e1stroj 'ls' (napr\u00edklad na zobrazenie nain\u0161talovan\u00fdch bal\u00edkov sta\u010d\u00ed vylistova\u0165 adres\u00e1re v hierarchii '\/ro', a ak chcete zisti\u0165, do ktor\u00e9ho bal\u00edka patr\u00ed s\u00fabor, pozria\u0165 sa na to, kam vedie odkaz z tohto s\u00faboru).<\/p>\n

Navr\u017een\u00fd prototyp distribuce pro experimenty zahrnuje p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 1700 bal\u00ed\u010dk\u016f<\/a><\/noindex> a hotov\u00e9 instala\u010dn\u00ed obrazy<\/a><\/noindex> s instal\u00e1torem, vhodn\u00e9 jak pro instalaci jako hlavn\u00ed opera\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9m, tak pro spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed v QEMU, Dockeru, Google Cloudu a VirtualBoxu. Podporuje se na\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed z za\u0161ifrovan\u00e9ho diskov\u00e9ho odd\u00edlu a sada standardn\u00edch aplikac\u00ed pro vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed pracovn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed na z\u00e1klad\u011b spr\u00e1vce oken i3 (jako prohl\u00ed\u017ee\u010d se doporu\u010duje Google Chrome). Je poskytov\u00e1n<\/a><\/noindex> \u00fapln\u00fd n\u00e1stroj pro sestaven\u00ed distribuce, p\u0159\u00edpravu a vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed bal\u00ed\u010dk\u016f, distribuci bal\u00ed\u010dk\u016f po zrcadlech atd.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Zdroj: opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u041c\u0430\u0439\u043a\u043b \u0428\u0442\u0430\u043f\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0433 (Michael Stapelberg), \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u043c\u043e\u0437\u0430\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0434\u0436\u0435\u0440\u0430 i3wm \u0438 \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043b\u043e\u043c \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a Debian (\u0441\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0430\u043b \u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e 170 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432), \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u044d\u043a\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432 distri \u0438 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0438\u043c\u0451\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0434\u0436\u0435\u0440. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0443\u0442\u0435\u0439 \u0443\u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0438 \u0432\u043e\u043f\u043b\u043e\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u0434\u0435\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0432. \u041a\u043e\u0434 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0434\u0436\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d \u043d\u0430 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0435 Go \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-37750","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Distri \u2014 distribuce pro testov\u00e1n\u00ed technologi\u00ed rychl\u00e9 spr\u00e1vy bal\u00ed\u010dk\u016f | ProHoster","description":"Michael Stapelberg, autor mozaikov\u00e9ho spr\u00e1vcu okien i3wm a v minulosti akt\u00edvny v\u00fdvoj\u00e1r Debian (zabezpe\u010doval okolo 170 bal\u00edkov),","canonical_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/blog\/news\/distri-distributiv-dlya-obkatki-tehnologij-bystrogo-upravleniya-paketami","robots":"max-image-preview:large","keywords":"","webmasterTools":{"miscellaneous":""},"schema":null,"og:locale":"sk_SK","og:site_name":"ProHoster | \u041a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442 DDoS, VPS VDS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b","og:type":"article","og:title":"\ud83e\udd47Distri \u2014 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0431\u043a\u0430\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0439 \u0431\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438 | ProHoster","og:description":"\u041c\u0430\u0439\u043a\u043b \u0428\u0442\u0430\u043f\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0433 (Michael Stapelberg), \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u043c\u043e\u0437\u0430\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0434\u0436\u0435\u0440\u0430 i3wm \u0438 \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043b\u043e\u043c \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a Debian (\u0441\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0430\u043b \u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e 170 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