{"id":38608,"date":"2019-10-31T22:24:51","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:24:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/vremya-pervyh-istoriya-kak-my-vnedryali-scratch-kak-yazyk-programmirovaniya-robotov\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:24:51","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:24:51","slug":"vremya-pervyh-istoriya-kak-my-vnedryali-scratch-kak-yazyk-programmirovaniya-robotov","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/blog\/news\/vremya-pervyh-istoriya-kak-my-vnedryali-scratch-kak-yazyk-programmirovaniya-robotov","title":{"rendered":"\u010cas prv\u00fdch. Pr\u00edbeh o tom, ako sme implementovali Scratch ako programovac\u00ed jazyk pre roboty.","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Poh\u013ead na s\u00fa\u010dasn\u00fa rozmanitos\u0165 vzdel\u00e1vacej robotiky pote\u0161uje, preto\u017ee de\u0165om je k dispoz\u00edcii obrovsk\u00e9 mno\u017estvo stavebn\u00edc a hotov\u00fdch v\u00fdrobkov, a \u017ee prah \"vstupu\" do z\u00e1kladov programovania bol dostato\u010dne zn\u00ed\u017een\u00fd (a\u017e do materskej \u0161koly). Masovo sa presadzuje tendencia najprv prech\u00e1dza\u0165 k modul\u00e1rnemu programovaniu a potom prejs\u0165 na pokro\u010dilej\u0161ie jazyky. Ale tak\u00e1to situ\u00e1cia nebola v\u017edy.<\/p>\n

\"\u010cas
\n
\nRoky 2009-2010. Rusko za\u010dalo masovo objavova\u0165 Arduino a Scratch. Dostupn\u00e1 elektronika a programovanie za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00fa dob\u00fdva\u0165 mysle nad\u0161encov aj u\u010dite\u013eov a my\u0161lienka v\u0161etko to spoji\u0165 sa u\u017e naplno rozv\u00edjala (a \u010diasto\u010dne bola aj realizovan\u00e1) vo svetovom infopriestore.
\n<\/a><\/noindex>
\nV skuto\u010dnosti Scratch vo svojej vtedy vydanej verzii 1.4 u\u017e mal podporu extern\u00e9ho vybavenia. Obsahoval podporu Lego WeDo (motorov\u00e9 bloky) a dosky PicoBoard.<\/a><\/noindex>. <\/p>\n

Ale chcelo sa mi Arduino a roboty na jeho z\u00e1klade, najlep\u0161ie tak\u00e9, ktor\u00e9 by fungovali na z\u00e1kladnej verzii. V tom \u010dase jeden z japonsk\u00fdch pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov Arduina vymyslel, ako skombinova\u0165 platformy a zverejnil sch\u00e9mu (aj ke\u010f nie cel\u00fa a muselo sa \"domyslie\u0165\") a firmv\u00e9r pre verejnos\u0165 (bohu\u017eia\u013e dokonca nie v angli\u010dtine). Na z\u00e1klade tohto projektu sa v roku 2010 zrodil ScratchDuino (vtedy som spolu so svojou man\u017eelkou pracoval vo firme LinuxCentrum).<\/p>\n

Koncept \"vymenite\u013en\u00e9ho kazetov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu\" (nepripom\u00edna Micro:bit?), magnetick\u00e9 upevnenia pre komponenty robota a vyu\u017eitie zabudovan\u00fdch funkci\u00ed Scratch v oblasti spracovania senzorov a ovl\u00e1dania motorov.<\/p>\n

\"\u010cas
\n
\n\"\u010cas
\n
\nRobot bol p\u00f4vodne navrhnut\u00fd ako Lego-kompatibiln\u00fd:<\/p>\n

\"\u010cas
\n
\nV roku 2011 platforma uzrela svetlo sveta a (u\u017e po mojom a man\u017eelinom odchode z projektu v roku 2013) \u017eije a vyv\u00edja sa v s\u00fa\u010dasnosti pod menom ROBBO.<\/p>\n

\"\u010cas
\n
\nNiekto m\u00f4\u017ee namieta\u0165, \u017ee existovali aj podobn\u00e9 projekty. \u00c1no, pribli\u017ene v t\u00fa ist\u00fa dobu sa za\u010dal rozv\u00edja\u0165 projekt S4A, ale ich ciele boli na programovanie v \u0161t\u00fdle Arduino (s jeho digit\u00e1lnymi a anal\u00f3gov\u00fdmi v\u00fdstupmi) z modifikovan\u00e9ho Scratch, zatia\u013e \u010do moja v\u00fdvojov\u00e1 pr\u00e1ca mohla fungova\u0165 s \"vanilkovou\" verziou (aj ke\u010f sme ju tie\u017e upravili, aby zobraovala bloky presne pre senzory od 1 do 4).<\/p>\n

Potom sa objavil Scratch 2.0 a s n\u00edm za\u010dali prich\u00e1dza\u0165 pluginy pre Arduino, ako aj pre popul\u00e1rne roboty, a Scratch 3.0 z krabice podporuje ve\u013ek\u00e9 mno\u017estvo robotick\u00fdch platforiem.<\/p>\n

Blockly.<\/b> Ak sa pozrieme na popul\u00e1rne roboty, ako je MBot (ktor\u00fd mimochodom na za\u010diatku tie\u017e pou\u017e\u00edval upraven\u00fd Scratch), programuj\u00fa sa v blokovom jazyku, ale to nie je Scratch, ale modifikovan\u00fd Blockly od Google. Neviem, \u010di na jeho v\u00fdvoj mala vplyv moja pr\u00e1ca, ale m\u00f4\u017eem s istotou poveda\u0165, \u017ee ke\u010f sme v roku 2013 v Lond\u00fdne uk\u00e1zali v\u00fdvoj\u00e1rom Blockly platformu Scratchduino, roboty tam e\u0161te \"neboli\".<\/p>\n

\"\u010cas
\n
\nTeraz s\u00fa modifik\u00e1cie Blockly z\u00e1kladom pre mno\u017estvo robotick\u00fdch stavebn\u00edc a vzdel\u00e1vac\u00edch robotov, a to je u\u017e in\u00fd pr\u00edbeh, preto\u017ee v poslednom \u010dase vzniklo (a tie\u017e sa rozplynulo) obrovsk\u00e9 mno\u017estvo projektov, \u010di u\u017e v Rusku alebo vo svete. Ale v RF sme boli prv\u00ed pr\u00e1ve v realiz\u00e1cii Scratch a \"konkurencii\" s Legom \ud83d\ude42<\/p>\n

\u010co sa stalo po roku 2013. S man\u017eelkou sme v roku 2014 zalo\u017eili n\u00e1\u0161 projekt PROSTOROBOT (taktie\u017e SIMPLEROBOT) a venovali sme sa v\u00fdvoju stolov\u00fdch hier. Ale Scratch n\u00e1s st\u00e1le dr\u017e\u00ed.<\/p>\n

M\u00e1me zauj\u00edmav\u00e9 v\u00fdvojov\u00e9 n\u00e1vrhy na modelovanie robotov v Scratch a jeho potomkovi Snap!
\nPDF s\u00fabor s popisom si m\u00f4\u017eete stiahnu\u0165 a slobodne pou\u017ei\u0165 na odkaze<\/a><\/noindex>, a hotov\u00e9 projekty n\u00e1jdete tu<\/a><\/noindex>. V\u0161etko funguje aj v 3. verzii Scratch.<\/p>\n

Okrem toho sme sa vr\u00e1tili k programovaniu robotov v Scratch v na\u0161ej novej stolovej vzdel\u00e1vacej hre \u201eBitka Golemov. Kartov\u00e1 liga Parobotov\u201c a budeme radi, ak podpor\u00edte jej vydanie na Crowdrepublic<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n

\"\u010cas
\n
\nKe\u010f stoj\u00ed\u0161 pri zroden\u00ed nie\u010doho a \"c\u00edti\u0161\" trendy pred ich masov\u00fdm pr\u00edchodom a raduje\u0161 sa, \u017ee si bol prv\u00fd a v podstate si vytvoril trh a sm\u00fati\u0161, \u017ee sl\u00e1vu v\u00ed\u0165aza si nez\u00edskal. Ale m\u00f4\u017eem s hrdos\u0165ou poveda\u0165, \u017ee zl\u00fa\u010denie Scratch a Arduina v robotike RF vzniklo aj v\u010faka mojim snah\u00e1m.
\n
Zdroj: habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0421\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0440\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0434\u0443\u0435\u0448\u044c\u0441\u044f, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0434\u0435\u0442\u044f\u043c \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0433\u0440\u043e\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432, \u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0438\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0439 \u0438 \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0430 \u00ab\u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0430\u00bb \u0432 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0438\u0437\u043a\u043e (\u0432\u043f\u043b\u043e\u0442\u044c \u0434\u043e \u0434\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0430\u0434\u0430). \u041c\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0432\u043e \u0438\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0442\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043a \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e-\u0431\u043b\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0441 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043c \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0442\u044b\u0435 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0438. \u041d\u043e \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u0434\u0430. 2009-2010 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430. \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0432\u043e […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":28965,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-38608","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47\u010cas prv\u00fdch. Pr\u00edbeh o tom, ako sme zav\u00e1dzali Scratch ako programovac\u00ed jazyk pre roboty | ProHoster","description":"Ke\u010f sa pozer\u00e1m na aktu\u00e1lnu rozmanitos\u0165 vzdel\u00e1vacej robotiky, te\u0161\u00ed ma, \u017ee de\u0165om je k dispoz\u00edcii obrovsk\u00e9 mno\u017estvo stavebn\u00edc a hotov\u00fdch v\u00fdrobkov a \u017ee prah \"vstupu\" do z\u00e1kladov programovania klesol dos\u0165 n\u00edzko.","canonical_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/blog\/news\/vremya-pervyh-istoriya-kak-my-vnedryali-scratch-kak-yazyk-programmirovaniya-robotov","robots":"max-image-preview:large","keywords":"","webmasterTools":{"miscellaneous":""},"schema":null,"og:locale":"sk_SK","og:site_name":"ProHoster | \u041a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442 DDoS, VPS VDS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b","og:type":"article","og:title":"\ud83e\udd47\u0412\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0445. \u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043c\u044b \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0434\u0440\u044f\u043b\u0438 Scratch \u043a\u0430\u043a \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0440\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432 | ProHoster","og:description":"\u0421\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0440\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0434\u0443\u0435\u0448\u044c\u0441\u044f, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0434\u0435\u0442\u044f\u043c \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0433\u0440\u043e\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432, \u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0438\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0439 \u0438 \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0430 \u00ab\u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0430\u00bb \u0432 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0438\u0437\u043a\u043e.","og:url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/blog\/news\/vremya-pervyh-istoriya-kak-my-vnedryali-scratch-kak-yazyk-programmirovaniya-robotov","og:image":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg","og:image:secure_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg","og:image:width":350,"og:image:height":350,"article:published_time":"2019-10-31T19:24:51+00:00","article:modified_time":"2019-10-31T19:24:51+00:00","article:publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster","article:author":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster"},"aioseo_meta_data":{"post_id":"38608","title":null,"description":null,"keywords":null,"keyphrases":null,"primary_term":null,"canonical_url":null,"og_title":null,"og_description":null,"og_object_type":"default","og_image_type":"default","og_image_url":null,"og_image_width":null,"og_image_height":null,"og_image_custom_url":null,"og_image_custom_fields":null,"og_video":null,"og_custom_url":null,"og_article_section":null,"og_article_tags":null,"twitter_use_og":false,"twitter_card":"default","twitter_image_type":"default","twitter_image_url":null,"twitter_image_custom_url":null,"twitter_image_custom_fields":null,"twitter_title":null,"twitter_description":null,"schema":{"blockGraphs":[],"customGraphs":[],"default":{"data":{"Article":[],"Course":[],"Dataset":[],"FAQPage":[],"Movie":[],"Person":[],"Product":[],"ProductReview":[],"Car":[],"Recipe":[],"Service":[],"SoftwareApplication":[],"WebPage":[]},"graphName":"","isEnabled":true},"graphs":[]},"schema_type":null,"schema_type_options":null,"pillar_content":false,"robots_default":true,"robots_noindex":false,"robots_noarchive":false,"robots_nosnippet":false,"robots_nofollow":false,"robots_noimageindex":false,"robots_noodp":false,"robots_notranslate":false,"robots_max_snippet":null,"robots_max_videopreview":null,"robots_max_imagepreview":"large","priority":null,"frequency":null,"local_seo":null,"seo_analyzer_scan_date":"2026-01-23 22:44:20","breadcrumb_settings":null,"limit_modified_date":false,"reviewed_by":null,"ai":null,"created":"2021-03-01 01:06:24","updated":"2026-01-23 22:44:20","focus_keyword":null,"additional_keywords":null,"truseo_locale":null},"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"link","format":"url"}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38608","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=38608"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38608\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/28965"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=38608"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=38608"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=38608"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}