{"id":38654,"date":"2019-10-31T22:25:05","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:25:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/reliz-postgresql-12\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:25:05","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:25:05","slug":"reliz-postgresql-12","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/blog\/news\/reliz-postgresql-12","title":{"rendered":"Vydanie PostgreSQL 12","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Skupina v\u00fdvoj\u00e1rov PostgreSQL ozn\u00e1mila vydanie PostgreSQL 12, najnov\u0161ej verzie rela\u010dn\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu spr\u00e1vy datab\u00e1z s otvoren\u00fdm zdrojov\u00fdm k\u00f3dom.<br \/>\nV PostgreSQL 12 bola v\u00fdrazne vylep\u0161en\u00e1 v\u00fdkonnos\u0165 dotazov \u2013 najm\u00e4 pokia\u013e ide o pr\u00e1cu s ve\u013ek\u00fdmi objemami \u00fadajov, bola tie\u017e optimalizovan\u00e1 celkov\u00e1 efekt\u00edvnos\u0165 vyu\u017e\u00edvania diskov\u00e9ho priestoru.<\/p>\n<p>Medzi nov\u00fdmi mo\u017enos\u0165ami:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>implement\u00e1cia jazyka dotazov JSON Path (d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e1 s\u00fa\u010das\u0165 \u0161tandardu SQL\/JSON);<\/li>\n<li>optimaliz\u00e1cia vykon\u00e1vania spolo\u010dn\u00fdch tabu\u013ekov\u00fdch v\u00fdrazov (WITH);<\/li>\n<li>podpora generovan\u00fdch st\u013apcov<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Komunita pokra\u010duje v pr\u00e1ci na roz\u0161\u00edrite\u013enosti a spo\u013eahlivosti PostgreSQL, rozv\u00edja podporu internacionaliz\u00e1cie, autentifika\u010dn\u00fdch mo\u017enost\u00ed a poskytuje jednoduch\u0161ie sp\u00f4soby spr\u00e1vy syst\u00e9mu.<\/p>\n<p>Do tohto vydania bola zapracovan\u00e1 realiz\u00e1cia rozhrania pre pripojite\u013en\u00e9 \u00falo\u017en\u00e9 motory, \u010do teraz umo\u017e\u0148uje v\u00fdvoj\u00e1rom vytv\u00e1ra\u0165 vlastn\u00e9 met\u00f3dy ukladania \u00fadajov.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Pokra\u010dujeme vo zlep\u0161ovan\u00ed v\u00fdkonu GitLab s ka\u017ed\u00fdm vydan\u00edm pre in\u0161tancie GitLab ak\u00e9hoko\u013evek rozmeru. Niektor\u00e9 vylep\u0161enia v GitLab 11.10:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>PostgreSQL 12 obsahuje z\u00e1sadn\u00e9 vylep\u0161enia v\u00fdkonnosti a proced\u00far \u00fadr\u017eby pre syst\u00e9my indexovania a delenia d\u00e1t.<\/p>\n<p>B-tree indexy \u2013 \u0161tandardn\u00fd typ indexovania v PostgreSQL, boli optimalizovan\u00e9 vo verzii 12 pre za\u0165a\u017eenia, ktor\u00e9 predpokladaj\u00fa \u010dast\u00e9 modifik\u00e1cie indexov. Pou\u017eitie referen\u010dn\u00e9ho testu TPC-C pre PostgreSQL 12 preuk\u00e1zalo zn\u00ed\u017eenie pou\u017eitia priestoru v priemere o 40 % a celkov\u00fd n\u00e1rast v\u00fdkonnosti dotazov.<\/p>\n<p>Dotazy na delen\u00e9 tabu\u013eky z\u00edskali v\u00fdrazn\u00e9 vylep\u0161enia, najm\u00e4 pre tabu\u013eky pozost\u00e1vaj\u00face z tis\u00edc sekci\u00ed, \u010do predpoklad\u00e1 pr\u00e1cu iba s obmedzen\u00fdmi \u010das\u0165ami d\u00e1tov\u00fdch pol\u00ed. Vylep\u0161en\u00e1 bola aj v\u00fdkonnos\u0165 prid\u00e1vania \u00fadajov do delen\u00fdch tabuliek prostredn\u00edctvom INSERT a COPY, ako aj mo\u017enos\u0165 pripoji\u0165 nov\u00fa sekciu bez blokovania vykon\u00e1van\u00fdch dotazov.<\/p>\n<p>V PostgreSQL 12 boli vykonan\u00e9 \u010fal\u0161ie vylep\u0161enia v indexovan\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 ovplyv\u0148uj\u00fa celkov\u00fa v\u00fdkonnos\u0165, vr\u00e1tane:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>zn\u00ed\u017eenie re\u017eijn\u00fdch n\u00e1kladov pri generovan\u00ed WAL pre typy indexov GiST, GIN a SP-GiST;<\/li>\n<li>mo\u017enos\u0165 vytv\u00e1ra\u0165 takzvan\u00e9 pokr\u00fdvaj\u00face indexy (covering indexes, n\u00e1vrh INCLUDE) na GiST indexy;<\/li>\n<li>mo\u017enos\u0165 realizova\u0165 dotazy \u201enajbli\u017e\u0161\u00edch susedov\u201c (k-NN search) pomocou oper\u00e1tora vzdialenosti () a vyu\u017e\u00edvan\u00edm indexov SP-GiST;<\/li>\n<li>podporu zberu \u0161tatistiky najbe\u017enej\u0161\u00edch hodn\u00f4t (most-common value, MCV) pomocou CREATE STATISTICS, \u010do pom\u00e1ha z\u00edska\u0165 lep\u0161ie pl\u00e1ny vykon\u00e1vania dotazov pri pou\u017eit\u00ed st\u013apcov, ktor\u00fdch hodnoty s\u00fa rozlo\u017een\u00e9 nerovnomerne.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>JIT-kompil\u00e1cia s vyu\u017eit\u00edm LLVM, ktor\u00e1 sa objavila v PostgreSQL 11, je teraz zapnut\u00e1 predvolene. JIT-kompil\u00e1cia umo\u017e\u0148uje zlep\u0161i\u0165 v\u00fdkon pri pr\u00e1ci s v\u00fdrazmi v podmienkach WHERE, cielene, agreg\u00e1toch a niektor\u00fdch vn\u00fatorn\u00fdch oper\u00e1ci\u00e1ch. Je dostupn\u00e1, ak ste PostgreSQL skompilovali s LLVM alebo pou\u017e\u00edvate bal\u00edk PostgreSQL, ktor\u00fd bol zostaven\u00fd s povolen\u00fdm LLVM.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Zlep\u0161enia funkci\u00ed jazyka SQL a kompatibility so \u0161tandardom<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>V PostgreSQL 12 sa objavila mo\u017enos\u0165 vykon\u00e1va\u0165 dotazy na dokumenty JSON pomocou v\u00fdrazov cesty JSON definovan\u00fdch v \u0161tandarde SQL\/JSON. Tieto dotazy m\u00f4\u017eu vyu\u017e\u00edva\u0165 existuj\u00face mechanizmy indexovania pre dokumenty ulo\u017een\u00e9 vo form\u00e1te JSONB, aby efekt\u00edvne extrahovali \u00fadaje.<\/p>\n<p>Spolo\u010dn\u00e9 tabu\u013ekov\u00e9 v\u00fdrazy, zn\u00e1me aj ako dotazy s WITH, v PostgreSQL 12 teraz m\u00f4\u017eu automaticky fungova\u0165 s pou\u017eit\u00edm substit\u00facie, \u010do m\u00f4\u017ee pom\u00f4c\u0165 zv\u00fd\u0161i\u0165 v\u00fdkon mnoh\u00fdch existuj\u00facich dotazov. V novej verzii m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 \u010das\u0165 dotazu WITH vykonan\u00e1 s substit\u00faciou iba ak nie je rekurz\u00edvna, nem\u00e1 ved\u013eaj\u0161ie \u00fa\u010dinky a odkazuje sa na \u0148u iba raz v nasleduj\u00facej \u010dasti dotazu.<\/p>\n<p>V PostgreSQL 12 sa objavuje podpora 'generovan\u00fdch st\u013apcov'. Op\u00edsan\u00fd v \u0161tandarde SQL, tento typ st\u013apca vypo\u010d\u00edtava hodnotu na z\u00e1klade obsahu in\u00fdch st\u013apcov v tej istej tabu\u013eke. V tejto verzii PostgreSQL podporuje 'ulo\u017een\u00e9 generovan\u00e9 st\u013apce', kde sa vypo\u010d\u00edtan\u00e1 hodnota uklad\u00e1 na disku.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Internacionaliz\u00e1cia<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>PostgreSQL 12 roz\u0161iruje podporu ICU-porovnan\u00ed, umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00fac pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eom definova\u0165 'nuderterminovan\u00e9 porovnan\u00ed', ktor\u00e9 m\u00f4\u017eu napr\u00edklad umo\u017eni\u0165 porovnania bez oh\u013eadu na ve\u013ekos\u0165 p\u00edsmen alebo diakritiku.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Autentifik\u00e1cia<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>PostgreSQL roz\u0161iruje svoju podporu spo\u013eahliv\u00fdch met\u00f3d autentifik\u00e1cie prostredn\u00edctvom nieko\u013ek\u00fdch vylep\u0161en\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 poskytuj\u00fa dodato\u010dn\u00fa bezpe\u010dnos\u0165 a funkcionalitu. V tejto verzii je predstaven\u00e9 \u0161ifrovanie na strane klienta a servera pre autentifik\u00e1ciu cez rozhrania GSSAPI, ako aj mo\u017enos\u0165, aby PostgreSQL detekoval <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/server\/\"   title=\"servery\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"1845\">servery<\/a> LDAP, ak PostgreSQL bol skompilovan\u00fd s OpenLDAP.<\/p>\n<p>Okrem toho, PostgreSQL 12 teraz podporuje mo\u017enos\u0165 viacfaktorovej autentifik\u00e1cie. Teraz server PostgreSQL m\u00f4\u017ee po\u017eadova\u0165 od klienta poskytnutie platn\u00e9ho <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/ssl-sertifikat\/\"   title=\"SSL\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"2262\">SSL<\/a>-certifik\u00e1tu s pr\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fdm menom pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013ea pomocou clientcert=verify-full, a kombinova\u0165 to s oddelen\u00fdm po\u017eiadavkom met\u00f3dy autentifik\u00e1cie (napr\u00edklad scram-sha-256).<\/p>\n<p><strong>Administr\u00e1cia<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>V PostgreSQL 12 sa objavila mo\u017enos\u0165 vykon\u00e1va\u0165 neblokuj\u00face prestavanie indexov pomocou pr\u00edkazu REINDEX CONCURRENTLY. To umo\u017e\u0148uje pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eom vyhn\u00fa\u0165 sa prestojom v pr\u00e1ci datab\u00e1zy pri dlh\u00fdch prestavb\u00e1ch indexov.<\/p>\n<p>Okrem toho v PostgreSQL 12 je mo\u017en\u00e9 zapn\u00fa\u0165 alebo vypn\u00fa\u0165 kontrolu s\u00fa\u010dtov str\u00e1n v klastre, ktor\u00fd je v vypnutom stave, pomocou pr\u00edkazu pg_checksums. Predt\u00fdm mohla by\u0165 kontrola s\u00fa\u010dtov str\u00e1n \u2014 funkcia, ktor\u00e1 pom\u00e1ha overi\u0165 integritu d\u00e1t ulo\u017een\u00fdch na disku \u2014 zapnut\u00e1 len pri inicializ\u00e1cii klastru PostgreSQL pomocou initdb.<\/p>\n<p>Zdroj: <a \ncontent=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/www.linux.org.ru\/news\/opensource\/15269122\">linux.org.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0413\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 PostgreSQL \u043e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u043e \u0432\u044b\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0435 PostgreSQL 12, \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0439\u0448\u0435\u0439 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044b\u043c \u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043a\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043c. \u0412 PostgreSQL 12 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0443\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0432 \u2013 \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043a\u0430\u0441\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0441 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0451\u043c\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445, \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043e\u043f\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0432 \u0446\u0435\u043b\u043e\u043c. \u0421\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0439: \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0432 JSON Path (\u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u0435\u0439\u0448\u0435\u0439 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0430 SQL\/JSON); [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-38654","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.5 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0413\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 PostgreSQL \u043e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u043e \u0432\u044b\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0435 PostgreSQL 12, \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0439\u0448\u0435\u0439 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044b\u043c \u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043a\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043c. \u0412 PostgreSQL 12 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0443\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c.\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Yuri Gagarin\"\/>\n\t<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/blog\/news\/reliz-postgresql-12\" \/>\n\t\t<meta name=\"generator\" content=\"All in One SEO (AIOSEO) 5.0.5\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sk_SK\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"ProHoster | \u041a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442 DDoS, VPS VDS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\ud83e\udd47\u0420\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 PostgreSQL 12 | ProHoster\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u0413\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 PostgreSQL \u043e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u043e \u0432\u044b\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0435 PostgreSQL 12, \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0439\u0448\u0435\u0439 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044b\u043c \u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043a\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043c. \u0412 PostgreSQL 12 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0443\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c.\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/blog\/news\/reliz-postgresql-12\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:image:secure_url\" content=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"350\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"350\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2019-10-31T19:25:05+00:00\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2019-10-31T19:25:05+00:00\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:author\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster\" \/>\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO -->\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Vydanie PostgreSQL 12 | ProHoster","description":"Skupina v\u00fdvoj\u00e1rov PostgreSQL ozn\u00e1mila vydanie PostgreSQL 12, najnov\u0161ej verzie rela\u010dn\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu riadenia datab\u00e1z s otvoren\u00fdm zdrojom. 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