{"id":39022,"date":"2019-10-31T22:27:26","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:27:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/kompaniya-cloudflare-realizovala-modul-dlya-podderzhki-http-3-v-nginx\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:27:26","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:27:26","slug":"kompaniya-cloudflare-realizovala-modul-dlya-podderzhki-http-3-v-nginx","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/blog\/news\/kompaniya-cloudflare-realizovala-modul-dlya-podderzhki-http-3-v-nginx","title":{"rendered":"Spolo\u010dnos\u0165 Cloudflare implementovala modul pre podporu HTTP\/3 v NGINX","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Firma Cloudflare <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.cloudflare.com\/experiment-with-http-3-using-nginx-and-quiche\/\">pripravila<\/a><\/noindex>  <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/cloudflare\/quiche\/tree\/master\/extras\/nginx\">modul<\/a><\/noindex> na zabezpe\u010denie podpory protokolu HTTP\/3 v NGINX. Modul je vytvoren\u00fd ako nadstavba na vyv\u00edjanej kni\u017enici Cloudflare <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=50061\">quiche<\/a><\/noindex> s implement\u00e1ciou transportn\u00e9ho protokolu QUIC a HTTP\/3. K\u00f3d quiche je nap\u00edsan\u00fd v jazyku Rust, av\u0161ak samotn\u00fd modul pre NGINX je nap\u00edsan\u00fd v programovacom jazyku C a pristupuje k kni\u017enici pomocou dynamick\u00e9ho linkovania. Pr\u00e1ce <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/cloudflare\/quiche\/tree\/master\/extras\/nginx\">otvoren\u00e9<\/a><\/noindex> pod licenciou BSD.<\/p>\n<p>Na zostavenie sta\u010d\u00ed stiahnu\u0165 <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/cloudflare\/quiche\/blob\/master\/extras\/nginx\/nginx-1.16.patch\">z\u00e1plata<\/a><\/noindex> na nginx 1.16 a <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/cloudflare\/quiche\">k\u00f3d<\/a><\/noindex> kni\u017enice quiche, po \u010dom je potrebn\u00e9 prekompilova\u0165 nginx s mo\u017enos\u0165ami &#171;&#8212;with-http_v3_module &#8212;with-quiche=..\\\/quiche&#187;. Pri kompil\u00e1cii by podpora TLS mala by\u0165 zalo\u017een\u00e1 na kni\u017enici BoringSSL (&#171;&#8212;with-openssl=..\\\/quiche\\\/deps\\\/boringssl&#187;), pou\u017e\u00edvanie OpenSSL zatia\u013e nie je podporovan\u00e9. Pre prij\u00edmanie pripojen\u00ed je potrebn\u00e9 do nastaven\u00ed prida\u0165 direkt\u00edvu listen s pr\u00edznakom &#171;quic&#187; (napr\u00edklad &#171;listen 443 quic reuseport&#187;).<\/p>\n<p>Vo klientskej softv\u00e9rovej podpore u\u017e bola pridan\u00e1 podpora HTTP\/3 do experiment\u00e1lnych zostaven\u00ed Chrome Canary a n\u00e1stroja curl. Na strane servera sa st\u00e1le muselo pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 obmedzen\u00e9 oddelen\u00e9 <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/cloudflare\/quiche\/blob\/master\/examples\/http3-server.rs\">testovacie implement\u00e1cie<\/a><\/noindex>. Mo\u017enos\u0165 spracovania HTTP\/3 v nginx v\u00fdrazne zjednodu\u0161\u00ed nasadenie serverov s podporou HTTP\/3 a spr\u00edstupn\u00ed testovaciu integr\u00e1ciu nov\u00e9ho protokolu. Objavenie nat\u00edvnej podpory HTTP\/3 v nginx <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/openforum\/vsluhforumID3\/118512.html#64\">o\u010dak\u00e1va sa<\/a><\/noindex> v vetve 1.17.x v priebehu 6-12 mesiacov.<\/p>\n<p>Pripom\u00edname, \u017ee HTTP\/3 \u0161tandardizuje pou\u017eitie protokolu QUIC ako transportu pre HTTP\/2. Protokol <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.chromium.org\/quic\/\">QUIC<\/a><\/noindex> (Quick UDP Internet Connections) sa od roku 2013 vyv\u00edja spolo\u010dnos\u0165ou Google ako alternat\u00edva k spojeniu TCP+TLS pre Web, \u010d\u00edm rie\u0161i probl\u00e9my s dlh\u00fdm \u010dasom nadviazania a dohody spojenia v TCP a eliminuje oneskorenia pri strate paketov po\u010das prenosu \u00fadajov. QUIC je nadstavbou nad protokolom UDP, podporuj\u00facou multiplexovanie viacer\u00fdch spojen\u00ed a poskytuj\u00facou met\u00f3dy \u0161ifrovania ekvivalentn\u00e9 TLS\/SSL. <\/p>\n<p>Hlavn\u00e9 <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.google.com\/document\/d\/1lmL9EF6qKrk7gbazY8bIdvq3Pno2Xj_l_YShP40GLQE\/preview?sle=true#\">, taktie\u017e nap\u00edsan\u00e1 v jazyku Rust. Tokio umo\u017e\u0148uje vytv\u00e1ra\u0165 vysoko v\u00fdkonn\u00e9 aplik\u00e1cie na b\u00e1ze eventovo orientovanej architekt\u00fary (Event-driven), podporuj\u00face multithreading a spracovanie sie\u0165ov\u00fdch po\u017eiadaviek v asynchr\u00f3nnom re\u017eime.<\/a><\/noindex> QUIC:\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Vysok\u00e1 bezpe\u010dnos\u0165, podobn\u00e1 TLS (v skuto\u010dnosti QUIC poskytuje mo\u017enos\u0165 pou\u017eitia TLS nad UDP);\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Kontrola integrity toku, zabra\u0148uj\u00faca strate paketov;\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Mo\u017enos\u0165 okam\u017eite nadviaza\u0165 spojenie (0-RTT, v pribli\u017ene 75% pr\u00edpadoch je mo\u017en\u00e9 pren\u00e1\u0161a\u0165 \u00fadaje ihne\u010f po zaslan\u00ed paketu na nadviazanie spojenia) a zabezpe\u010di\u0165 minim\u00e1lne oneskorenia medzi zaslan\u00edm po\u017eiadavky a prijat\u00edm odpovede (RTT, Round Trip Time);\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Nezapo\u010d\u00edta\u0165 pri op\u00e4tovnom zaslan\u00ed paketu rovnak\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo sekvencie, \u010do umo\u017e\u0148uje vyhn\u00fa\u0165 sa nejednozna\u010dnosti pri ur\u010dovan\u00ed prijat\u00fdch paketov a zbavi\u0165 sa \u010dasov\u00fdch limitov;\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Strata \u043f\u0430\u043aeta ovplyv\u0148uje doru\u010dovanie iba s\u00favisiacich pr\u00fadov a nezastavuje doru\u010dovanie \u00fadajov v s\u00fabe\u017ene pren\u00e1\u0161an\u00fdch pr\u00fadoch cez aktu\u00e1lne spojenie;\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Prostriedky na opravu ch\u00fdb minimalizuj\u00face oneskorenia sp\u00f4soben\u00e9 op\u00e4tovn\u00fdm prenosom straten\u00fdch bal\u00edkov. Pou\u017eitie \u0161peci\u00e1lnych k\u00f3dov na opravu ch\u00fdb na \u00farovni \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0430 na zn\u00ed\u017eenie situ\u00e1ci\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 si vy\u017eaduj\u00fa op\u00e4tovn\u00fd prenos \u00fadajov straten\u00e9ho \u043f\u0430\u043aeta.\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Hranice kryptografick\u00fdch blokov s\u00fa vyrovnan\u00e9 s hranicami \u043f\u0430\u043aetov QUIC, \u010do zmen\u0161uje vplyv str\u00e1t paketov na dek\u00f3dovanie obsahu nasleduj\u00facich paketov;\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Neexistuj\u00fa \u017eiadne probl\u00e9my s blokovan\u00edm frontu TCP;\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Podpora identifik\u00e1tora spojenia, ktor\u00fd umo\u017e\u0148uje skr\u00e1ti\u0165 \u010das potrebn\u00fd na obnovenie spojenia pre mobiln\u00fdch klientov;\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Mo\u017enos\u0165 pripojenia roz\u0161\u00edren\u00fdch mechanizmov riadenia pre\u0165a\u017eenia spojenia;\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Pou\u017eitie techniky predpovedania priepustnosti v ka\u017edom smere na zabezpe\u010denie optim\u00e1lnej intenzity odosielania paketov, \u010d\u00edm sa zabra\u0148uje prechodu do stavu pre\u0165a\u017eenia, pri ktorom doch\u00e1dza k strate paketov;\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"l\">  Pozoruhodn\u00fd <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/web.cs.wpi.edu\/~claypool\/ms\/quic\/quic-thesis.pdf\">pr\u00edrastok<\/a><\/noindex> v\u00fdkon a priepustnos\u0165 v porovnan\u00ed s TCP. Pre video slu\u017eby ako YouTube uk\u00e1zalo pou\u017eitie QUIC 30% zn\u00ed\u017eenie oper\u00e1ci\u00ed op\u00e4tovn\u00e9ho vyrovn\u00e1vania pri prehr\u00e1van\u00ed videa.\n<\/li>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"link\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p>Zdroj: <a \ncontent=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=51695\">opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f Cloudflare \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u044c \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0430 HTTP\/3 \u0432 NGINX. \u041c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u044c \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d \u0432 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0434 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u0432 Cloudflare \u0431\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0439 quiche \u0441 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0435\u0439 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0430 QUIC \u0438 HTTP\/3. \u041a\u043e\u0434 quiche \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d \u043d\u0430 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0435 Rust, \u043d\u043e \u0441\u0430\u043c \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u044c \u0434\u043b\u044f NGINX \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d \u043d\u0430 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0435 \u0421\u0438 \u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a \u0431\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u0438 \u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u041d\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044b \u043f\u043e\u0434 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-39022","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.4 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f Cloudflare \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" 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