{"id":39055,"date":"2019-10-31T22:27:36","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:27:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/my-ne-mozhem-doveryat-ii-sistemam-postroennym-na-odnom-lish-glubokom-obuchenii\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:27:36","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:27:36","slug":"my-ne-mozhem-doveryat-ii-sistemam-postroennym-na-odnom-lish-glubokom-obuchenii","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/blog\/news\/my-ne-mozhem-doveryat-ii-sistemam-postroennym-na-odnom-lish-glubokom-obuchenii","title":{"rendered":"Nem\u00f4\u017eeme d\u00f4verova\u0165 AI syst\u00e9mom zalo\u017een\u00fdm len na hlbokom u\u010den\u00ed.","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Nem\u00f4\u017eeme
\n
\nTento text nie je v\u00fdsledkom vedeck\u00e9ho v\u00fdskumu, ale jedn\u00fdm z mnoh\u00fdch n\u00e1zorov na n\u00e1\u0161 bezprostredn\u00fd technologick\u00fd pokrok. A s\u00fa\u010dasne pozvanie k diskusii.<\/i><\/p>\n

Gary Marcus, profesor na Newyorskej univerzite, je presved\u010den\u00fd, \u017ee hlbok\u00e9 u\u010denie hr\u00e1 d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fa \u00falohu v rozvoji AI. Ale tie\u017e tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee nadmern\u00e9 nad\u0161enie pre t\u00fato met\u00f3du m\u00f4\u017ee vies\u0165 k jej diskredit\u00e1cii.<\/p>\n

Vo svojej knihe Rebooting AI: Building artificial intelligence we can trust<\/i> Marcus, vzdelan\u00fd ako neurol\u00f3g, ktor\u00fd si vybudoval kari\u00e9ru na pokrokov\u00fdch v\u00fdskumoch v oblasti AI, sa zaober\u00e1 technick\u00fdmi a etick\u00fdmi aspektmi. Z technick\u00e9ho h\u013eadiska m\u00f4\u017ee hlbok\u00e9 u\u010denie \u00faspe\u0161ne napodob\u0148ova\u0165 rie\u0161enie \u00faloh vn\u00edmania, ktor\u00e9 vykon\u00e1va n\u00e1\u0161 mozog: napr\u00edklad rozpozn\u00e1vanie obrazov alebo re\u010di. Ale na rie\u0161enie in\u00fdch \u00faloh, ako je porozumenie rozhovorom alebo ur\u010denie pr\u00ed\u010dinno-n\u00e1sledkov\u00fdch vz\u0165ahov, hlbok\u00e9 u\u010denie nie je vhodn\u00e9. Na vytvorenie pokro\u010dilej\u0161\u00edch inteligentn\u00fdch strojov schopn\u00fdch rie\u0161i\u0165 \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed okruh \u00faloh \u2014 \u010dasto naz\u00fdvan\u00fdch v\u0161eobecn\u00fdm umel\u00fdm inteligenciou \u2014 je potrebn\u00e9 kombinova\u0165 hlbok\u00e9 u\u010denie s in\u00fdmi met\u00f3dami.
\n<\/a><\/noindex>
\nAk AI syst\u00e9m naozaj nerozumie svojim \u00faloh\u00e1m alebo okolit\u00e9mu svetu, m\u00f4\u017ee to vies\u0165 k nebezpe\u010dn\u00fdm n\u00e1sledkom. Aj mal\u00e9 neo\u010dak\u00e1van\u00e9 zmeny v prostred\u00ed syst\u00e9mu m\u00f4\u017eu sp\u00f4sobi\u0165 jeho nespr\u00e1vne spr\u00e1vanie. Tak\u00fdchto pr\u00edkladov u\u017e bolo mno\u017estvo: syst\u00e9my na rozpozn\u00e1vanie nevhodn\u00fdch v\u00fdrazov, ktor\u00e9 sa daj\u00fa \u013eahko oklama\u0165; syst\u00e9my na vyh\u013ead\u00e1vanie zamestnania, ktor\u00e9 neust\u00e1le diskriminuj\u00fa; bezpilotn\u00e9 aut\u00e1, ktor\u00e9 sa dost\u00e1vaj\u00fa do neh\u00f4d a niekedy zab\u00edjaj\u00fa vodi\u010da alebo chodca. Vytvorenie v\u0161eobecn\u00e9ho umel\u00e9ho inteligencie nie je len zauj\u00edmav\u00fd v\u00fdskumn\u00fd probl\u00e9m, m\u00e1 mno\u017estvo ve\u013emi praktick\u00fdch aplik\u00e1ci\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Vo svojej knihe Marcus a jeho spoluautor Ernest Davis navrhuj\u00fa in\u00fd pr\u00edstup. Veria, \u017ee sme e\u0161te \u010faleko od vytvorenia v\u0161eobecnej AI, ale s\u00fa presved\u010den\u00ed, \u017ee sk\u00f4r \u010di nesk\u00f4r sa to podar\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Na \u010do potrebujeme v\u0161eobecn\u00fa AI? \u0160pecializovan\u00e9 verzie u\u017e boli vytvoren\u00e9 a prin\u00e1\u0161aj\u00fa mnoho u\u017eito\u010dn\u00e9ho.<\/b><\/p>\n

\u00c1no, a pr\u00ednos bude e\u0161te v\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00ed. Existuje v\u0161ak mnoho \u00faloh, ktor\u00e9 \u0161pecializovan\u00e1 AI jednoducho nedok\u00e1\u017ee vyrie\u0161i\u0165. Napr\u00edklad porozumenie be\u017enej re\u010di, alebo v\u0161eobecn\u00e1 pomoc vo virtu\u00e1lnom svete, alebo robot, ktor\u00fd pom\u00e1ha s upratovan\u00edm a pr\u00edpravou jedla. Tieto \u00falohy s\u00fa mimo mo\u017enosti \u0161pecializovanej AI. E\u0161te jedna zauj\u00edmav\u00e1 praktick\u00e1 ot\u00e1zka: je mo\u017en\u00e9 pomocou \u0161pecializovanej AI vytvori\u0165 bezpe\u010dn\u00e9 auton\u00f3mne vozidlo? Sk\u00fasenosti ukazuj\u00fa, \u017ee tak\u00e1to AI m\u00e1 st\u00e1le ve\u013ea probl\u00e9mov s spr\u00e1van\u00edm v anom\u00e1lnych situ\u00e1ci\u00e1ch, dokonca aj pri jazde, \u010do situ\u00e1ciu dos\u0165 komplikuje.<\/p>\n

Mysl\u00edm, \u017ee v\u0161etci by sme chceli ma\u0165 AI, ktor\u00e1 n\u00e1m pom\u00f4\u017ee uskuto\u010dni\u0165 nov\u00e9 rozsiahle objavy v medic\u00edne. Nie je jasn\u00e9, \u010di s\u00fa s\u00fa\u010dasn\u00e9 technol\u00f3gie na to vhodn\u00e9, preto\u017ee biol\u00f3gia je zlo\u017eit\u00e1 sf\u00e9ra. Je potrebn\u00e9 pripravi\u0165 sa na pre\u010d\u00edtanie zna\u010dn\u00e9ho mno\u017estva kn\u00edh. Vedci rozumej\u00fa pr\u00ed\u010dinn\u00fdm s\u00favislostiam vo vz\u00e1jomnej interakcii siet\u00ed a molek\u00fal, dok\u00e1\u017eu vyv\u00edja\u0165 te\u00f3rie o plan\u00e9tach a podobne. Av\u0161ak so \u0161pecializovanou AI nem\u00f4\u017eeme vytvori\u0165 stroje, schopn\u00e9 tak\u00fdchto objavov. S v\u0161eobecnou AI by sme v\u0161ak mohli zrealizova\u0165 revol\u00faciu vo vede, technol\u00f3gii a medic\u00edne. Pod\u013ea m\u00f4jho n\u00e1zoru je ve\u013emi d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 pokra\u010dova\u0165 v pr\u00e1ci na v\u00fdvoji v\u0161eobecnej AI.<\/p>\n

Vyzer\u00e1 to, \u017ee pod \u201ev\u0161eobecn\u00fdm\u201c rozumiete siln\u00fa AI?<\/b><\/p>\n

Ke\u010f hovor\u00edm \u201ev\u0161eobecn\u00fd\u201c, m\u00e1m na mysli, \u017ee AI by mala by\u0165 schopn\u00e1 na miestne zamyslenie a samostatne rie\u0161i\u0165 nov\u00e9 \u00falohy. Na rozdiel od, povedzme, Go, kde sa probl\u00e9m nezmenil za posledn\u00fdch 2000 rokov.<\/p>\n

V\u0161eobecn\u00e1 AI by mala by\u0165 schopn\u00e1 prij\u00edma\u0165 rozhodnutia ako v politike, tak aj v medic\u00edne. Je to anal\u00f3gia s \u013eudskou schopnos\u0165ou; ka\u017ed\u00fd rozumn\u00fd \u010dlovek dok\u00e1\u017ee robi\u0165 ve\u013emi ve\u013ea. Vezmete nezku\u0161en\u00fdch \u0161tudentov a po nieko\u013ek\u00fdch d\u0148och ich prin\u00fatite pracova\u0165 prakticky na \u010domko\u013evek, od pr\u00e1vnickej \u00falohy po medic\u00ednsku. To je mo\u017en\u00e9, preto\u017ee maj\u00fa v\u0161eobecn\u00e9 porozumenie svetu a dok\u00e1\u017eu \u010d\u00edta\u0165, a preto m\u00f4\u017eu prispie\u0165 k ve\u013emi \u0161irok\u00e9mu spektru \u010dinnost\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Vz\u0165ah medzi tak\u00fdmto inteligentn\u00fdm a siln\u00fdm spo\u010d\u00edva v tom, \u017ee siln\u00e1 inteligencia pravdepodobne nedok\u00e1\u017ee rie\u0161i\u0165 v\u0161eobecn\u00e9 \u00falohy. Aby ste vytvorili nie\u010do dostato\u010dne spo\u013eahliv\u00e9, schopn\u00e9 pracova\u0165 s neust\u00e1le sa meniacim svetom, mo\u017eno budete musie\u0165 aspo\u0148 pribli\u017ene dosiahnu\u0165 v\u0161eobecn\u00fa inteligenciu.<\/p>\n

Ale teraz sme od toho ve\u013emi vzdialen\u00ed. AlphaGo m\u00f4\u017ee skvele hra\u0165 na doske 19×19, ale potrebuje sa pre\u0161koli\u0165 na hranie na obd\u013a\u017enikovej doske. Alebo vezmite priemern\u00fd syst\u00e9m hlbok\u00e9ho u\u010denia: je schopn\u00fd rozpozna\u0165 slona, ak je dobre osvetlen\u00fd a vidite\u013en\u00e1 je text\u00fara jeho ko\u017ee. A ak je vidite\u013en\u00fd len siluet slona, syst\u00e9m ho ur\u010dite nebude schopn\u00fd rozpozna\u0165.<\/p>\n

Vo svojej knihe spom\u00ednate, \u017ee hlbok\u00e9 u\u010denie nedok\u00e1\u017ee dosiahnu\u0165 schopnosti v\u0161eobecn\u00e9ho AI, preto\u017ee nie je schopn\u00e9 hlbok\u00e9ho porozumenia.<\/b><\/p>\n

V kognit\u00edvnej vied je re\u010d o formovan\u00ed r\u00f4znych kognit\u00edvnych modelov. Sed\u00edm v hotelovej izbe a ch\u00e1pem, \u017ee tam je skri\u0148a, tam je poste\u013e, tam je telev\u00edzor, ktor\u00fd je nezvy\u010dajne zavesen\u00fd. Pozn\u00e1m v\u0161etky tieto predmety, neidentifikujem ich len. Takisto ch\u00e1pem, ako s\u00fa navz\u00e1jom prepojen\u00e9. M\u00e1m predstavy o fungovan\u00ed okolit\u00fdch svetov. Nie s\u00fa dokonal\u00e9. M\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 chybn\u00e9, ale s\u00fa ve\u013emi dobr\u00e9. A na ich z\u00e1klade rob\u00edm mnoho \u00favah, ktor\u00e9 sa st\u00e1vaj\u00fa moj\u00edm sprievodcom v ka\u017edodenn\u00fdch \u010dinnostiach.<\/p>\n

Druh\u00e1 extr\u00e9mna situ\u00e1cia je nie\u010do ako hern\u00fd syst\u00e9m Atari, vytvoren\u00fd spolo\u010dnos\u0165ou DeepMind, v ktorom si pam\u00e4tal, \u010do treba robi\u0165, ke\u010f videl pixely na ur\u010dit\u00fdch miestach na obrazovke. Ak dostanete dostatok \u00fadajov, m\u00f4\u017ee sa zda\u0165, \u017ee m\u00e1te porozumenie, ale v skuto\u010dnosti je to ve\u013emi povrchn\u00e9. D\u00f4kazom je to, \u017ee ak posuniete objekty o tri pixely, AI hr\u00e1 omnoho hor\u0161ie. Zmeny ho m\u00e4t\u00fa. To je opakom h\u013abkov\u00e9ho porozumenia.<\/p>\n

Na vyrie\u0161enie tohoto probl\u00e9mu navrhujete vr\u00e1ti\u0165 sa k klasick\u00e9mu AI. Ak\u00e9 v\u00fdhody by sme mali vyu\u017ei\u0165?<\/b><\/p>\n

V\u00fdhod je nieko\u013eko. <\/p>\n

Po prv\u00e9, klasick\u00e9 AI je vlastne r\u00e1mec pre tvorbu kognit\u00edvnych modelov sveta, na ktor\u00fdch z\u00e1klade m\u00f4\u017eeme nesk\u00f4r robi\u0165 z\u00e1very.<\/p>\n

Po druh\u00e9, klasick\u00e9 AI je ide\u00e1lne kompatibiln\u00e9 s pravidlami. V s\u00fa\u010dasnosti v oblasti hlbok\u00e9ho u\u010denia vid\u00edme zvl\u00e1\u0161tny trend, ke\u010f sa odborn\u00edci sna\u017eia vyh\u00fdba\u0165 pravidl\u00e1m. Chc\u00fa robi\u0165 v\u0161etko na neur\u00f3nov\u00fdch sie\u0165ach a ni\u010d tak\u00e9, \u010do vyzer\u00e1 ako klasick\u00e9 programovanie. Ale existuj\u00fa \u00falohy, ktor\u00e9 boli pokojne vyrie\u0161en\u00e9 t\u00fdmto sp\u00f4sobom, a na to nikto nebral oh\u013ead. Napr\u00edklad budovanie tr\u00e1s v Google Maps.<\/p>\n

V skuto\u010dnosti potrebujeme oba pr\u00edstupy. Strojov\u00e9 u\u010denie umo\u017e\u0148uje dobre sa u\u010di\u0165 na \u00fadajoch, ale ve\u013emi zle pom\u00e1ha pri zobrazen\u00ed abstrakcie, ktor\u00fa predstavuje po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00fd program. Klasick\u00e1 AI dobre funguje s abstrakciami, ale mus\u00ed sa \u00faplne programova\u0165 ru\u010dne, a vo svete je nahromaden\u00fdch pr\u00edli\u0161 ve\u013ea poznatkov, aby sme ich v\u0161etky naprogramovali. Je zrejm\u00e9, \u017ee mus\u00edme skombinova\u0165 oba pr\u00edstupy.<\/p>\n

Toto s\u00favis\u00ed s kapitolou, v ktorej hovor\u00edte o tom, \u010do sa m\u00f4\u017eeme nau\u010di\u0165 z \u013eudskej mysle. Predov\u0161etk\u00fdm o koncepte, ktor\u00fd je zalo\u017een\u00fd na vy\u0161\u0161ie uvedenej my\u0161lienke, \u017ee na\u0161e vedomie sa sklad\u00e1 z mnoh\u00fdch r\u00f4znych syst\u00e9mov, ktor\u00e9 funguj\u00fa odli\u0161ne.<\/b><\/p>\n

Mysl\u00edm, \u017ee existuje in\u00fd sp\u00f4sob, ako to vysvetli\u0165: ka\u017ed\u00fd kognit\u00edvny syst\u00e9m, ktor\u00fd m\u00e1me, skuto\u010dne rie\u0161i r\u00f4zne \u00falohy. Podobn\u00e9 \u010dasti AI by mali by\u0165 navrhnut\u00e9 na rie\u0161enie r\u00f4znych \u00faloh, ktor\u00e9 maj\u00fa odli\u0161n\u00e9 charakteristiky.<\/p>\n

Moment\u00e1lne sa pok\u00fa\u0161ame pou\u017ei\u0165 ak\u00e9si technol\u00f3gie all-in-one na rie\u0161enie \u00faloh, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa radik\u00e1lne odli\u0161n\u00e9 od seba. Pochopenie vety rozhodne nie je to ist\u00e9 ako rozpoznanie objektu. Ale \u013eudia sa pok\u00fa\u0161aj\u00fa v oboch pr\u00edpadoch pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 hlbok\u00e9 u\u010denie. Z kognit\u00edvneho h\u013eadiska ide o kvalitat\u00edvne odli\u0161n\u00e9 \u00falohy. Som len ohromen\u00fd t\u00fdm, ako m\u00e1lo \u013eud\u00ed v komunite odborn\u00edkov na hlbok\u00e9 u\u010denie si cen\u00ed klasick\u00fa AI. Pre\u010do \u010daka\u0165 na z\u00e1zra\u010dn\u00fa kulku? T\u00e1 je nedosiahnute\u013en\u00e1 a bez\u00fate\u0161n\u00e9 p\u00e1tranie neumo\u017e\u0148uje pochopi\u0165 cel\u00fa zlo\u017eitost \u00falohy vytvorenia AI.<\/p>\n

Takisto spom\u00ednate, \u017ee AI syst\u00e9my s\u00fa nevyhnutn\u00e9 na pochopenie pr\u00ed\u010dinn\u00fdch s\u00favislost\u00ed. Mysl\u00edte si, \u017ee n\u00e1m v tomto pom\u00f4\u017ee hlbok\u00e9 u\u010denie, klasick\u00e1 AI alebo nie\u010do \u00faplne nov\u00e9?<\/b><\/p>\n

Toto je \u010fal\u0161ia oblas\u0165, na ktor\u00fa hlbok\u00e9 u\u010denie nie je ve\u013emi vhodn\u00e9. Nie je schopn\u00e9 vysvetli\u0165 pr\u00ed\u010diny nejak\u00fdch udalost\u00ed, ale vypo\u010d\u00edtava pravdepodobnos\u0165 udalosti za ur\u010dit\u00fdch podmienok.<\/p>\n

O \u010dom hovor\u00edme? Sledujete ur\u010dit\u00e9 scen\u00e1re a ch\u00e1pete, pre\u010do k tomu doch\u00e1dza a \u010do sa m\u00f4\u017ee sta\u0165, ak sa nejak\u00e9 okolnosti zmenia. M\u00f4\u017eem sa pozrie\u0165 na stojan, na ktorom je telev\u00edzor, a predstavi\u0165 si, \u017ee ak mu odrezem jednu nohu, tak sa stojan prevr\u00e1ti a telev\u00edzor spadne. Toto je pr\u00ed\u010dinn\u00e1 s\u00favislos\u0165.<\/p>\n

Klasick\u00fd AI n\u00e1m k tomu d\u00e1v\u00e1 ur\u010dit\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje. M\u016f\u017ee nap\u0159\u00edklad p\u0159edstavit, co je podpora a co je p\u00e1d. Ale nechci to p\u0159eh\u00e1n\u011bt. Probl\u00e9m je, \u017ee klasick\u00fd AI v\u011bt\u0161inou z\u00e1vis\u00ed na \u00faplnosti informac\u00ed o tom, co se d\u011bje, a j\u00e1 jsem dosp\u011bl k z\u00e1v\u011bru pouze pohledem na stojan. Jak\u00fdmsi zp\u016fsobem mohu generalizovat, p\u0159edstavovat \u010d\u00e1sti stojanu, kter\u00e9 nejsou viditeln\u00e9. Zat\u00edm nem\u00e1me n\u00e1stroje pro realizaci t\u00e9to vlastnosti.<\/p>\n

Je\u0161t\u011b \u0159\u00edk\u00e1te, \u017ee lid\u00e9 maj\u00ed vrozen\u00e9 znalosti. Jak to lze realizovat v AI?<\/b><\/p>\n

V okam\u017eiku narozen\u00ed u\u017e n\u00e1\u0161 mozek p\u0159edstavuje velmi pe\u010dliv\u011b promy\u0161len\u00fd syst\u00e9m. Nen\u00ed fixn\u00ed, p\u0159\u00edroda vytvo\u0159ila prvn\u00ed hrub\u00fd n\u00e1\u010drt. A pak n\u00e1m u\u010den\u00ed pom\u00e1h\u00e1 revidovat tento n\u00e1\u010drt po cel\u00fd n\u00e1\u0161 \u017eivot.<\/p>\n

Hrub\u00fd n\u00e1\u010drt mozku u\u017e disponuje ur\u010dit\u00fdmi schopnostmi. Novorozen\u00fd horsk\u00fd kozoroh je u\u017e po n\u011bkolika hodin\u00e1ch schopn\u00fd bezchybn\u011b sestoupit po svahu hory. Je jasn\u00e9, \u017ee ji\u017e m\u00e1 pochopen\u00ed trojrozm\u011brn\u00e9ho prostoru, sv\u00e9ho t\u011bla a vztahu mezi nimi. Velmi slo\u017eit\u00fd syst\u00e9m.<\/p>\n

\u010c\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b proto pova\u017euji, \u017ee pot\u0159ebujeme hybridy. Je t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 si p\u0159edstavit, jak by se dalo vytvo\u0159it robota, kter\u00fd by dob\u0159e fungoval ve sv\u011bt\u011b bez podobn\u00fdch znalost\u00ed, kde by m\u011bl za\u010d\u00edt, m\u00edsto toho, aby za\u010d\u00ednal s \u010dist\u00fdm \u0161t\u00edtem a u\u010dil se na dlouh\u00e9m, obrovsk\u00e9m zku\u0161enostn\u00edm z\u00e1klad\u011b.<\/p>\n

Co se lid\u00ed t\u00fd\u010de, na\u0161e vrozen\u00e9 znalosti poch\u00e1zej\u00ed z na\u0161eho genomu, kter\u00fd se vyv\u00edjel po dlouhou dobu. A s AI syst\u00e9my budeme muset j\u00edt jinou cestou. \u010c\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b to mohou b\u00fdt pravidla pro stavbu na\u0161ich algoritm\u016f. \u010c\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b to mohou b\u00fdt pravidla pro vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed datov\u00fdch struktur, kter\u00fdmi manipuluj\u00ed tyto algoritmy. A \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b to mohou b\u00fdt znalosti, kter\u00e9 budeme p\u0159\u00edmo vkl\u00e1dat do stroj\u016f.<\/p>\n

Zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 je, \u017ee v knize sm\u011b\u0159ujete k my\u0161lence d\u016fv\u011bry a vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed d\u016fv\u011bryhodn\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f. Pro\u010d jste si zvolili pr\u00e1v\u011b tento krit\u00e9rium?<\/b><\/p>\n

Mysl\u00edm, \u017ee dnes to v\u0161echno p\u0159edstavuje hru s m\u00ed\u010dem. P\u0159ipad\u00e1 mi, \u017ee pro\u017e\u00edv\u00e1me podivn\u00fd okam\u017eik historie, kdy do zna\u010dn\u00e9 m\u00edry d\u016fv\u011b\u0159ujeme softwaru, kter\u00fd si d\u016fv\u011bru nezaslou\u017e\u00ed. Mysl\u00edm, \u017ee na\u0161e sou\u010dasn\u00e9 obavy nebudou v\u011b\u010dn\u00e9. O sto let pozd\u011bji AI ospravedln\u00ed na\u0161i d\u016fv\u011bru, mo\u017en\u00e1 i d\u0159\u00edve.<\/p>\n

Ale dnes je umel\u00e1 inteligencia nebezpe\u010dn\u00e1. Nie v tom zmysle, ako to vysvet\u013euje Elon Musk, ale v tom, \u017ee syst\u00e9my pohovorov pri prij\u00edman\u00ed do zamestnania diskriminuj\u00fa \u017eeny, a to nez\u00e1visle od toho, \u010do robia program\u00e1tori, preto\u017ee ich n\u00e1stroje s\u00fa pr\u00edli\u0161 jednoduch\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Chcel by som, aby sme mali kvalitnej\u0161iu umel\u00fa inteligenciu. Nechcem, aby nastala \"zima umelej inteligencie\", ke\u010f si \u013eudia uvedomia, \u017ee umel\u00e1 inteligencia nefunguje a je jednoducho nebezpe\u010dn\u00e1, a nebud\u00fa chcie\u0165 to opravi\u0165.<\/p>\n

V istom zmysle sa va\u0161a kniha skuto\u010dne jav\u00ed ako ve\u013emi optimistick\u00e1. Predpoklad\u00e1te, \u017ee je mo\u017en\u00e9 vybudova\u0165 d\u00f4veryhodn\u00fa umel\u00fa inteligenciu. Mus\u00edme sa len pozrie\u0165 in\u00fdm smerom.<\/b><\/p>\n

Spr\u00e1vne, kniha je ve\u013emi pesimistick\u00e1 v kr\u00e1tkodobom horizonte a ve\u013emi optimistick\u00e1 v dlhodobom. Ver\u00edme, \u017ee v\u0161etky probl\u00e9my, ktor\u00e9 sme op\u00edsali, m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 vyrie\u0161en\u00e9, ak sa pozrieme z \u0161ir\u0161ieho h\u013eadiska na to, ak\u00e9 by mali by\u0165 spr\u00e1vne odpovede. A mysl\u00edme si, \u017ee ak sa to stane, svet sa zlep\u0161\u00ed.
\n
Zdroj: habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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