{"id":55018,"date":"2020-01-10T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2020-01-09T21:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/blog_prohoster\/linus-torvalds-poyasnil-v-chyom-problemy-realizatsii-zfs-dlya-yadra-linux"},"modified":"2020-02-18T14:03:05","modified_gmt":"2020-02-18T11:03:05","slug":"linus-torvalds-poyasnil-v-chyom-problemy-realizatsii-zfs-dlya-yadra-linux","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/blog\/news\/linus-torvalds-poyasnil-v-chyom-problemy-realizatsii-zfs-dlya-yadra-linux","title":{"rendered":"Linus Torvalds vysvetlil, v \u010dom s\u00fa probl\u00e9my implement\u00e1cie ZFS pre jadro Linux","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Po\u010das diskusie testov<\/a><\/noindex> pl\u00e1nova\u010d \u00faloh, jeden z \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edkov diskusie uviedol pr\u00edklad toho, \u017ee napriek vyhl\u00e1seniam o potrebe zachovania kompatibility pri v\u00fdvoji jadra Linuxu, ned\u00e1vne zmeny v jadre naru\u0161ili spr\u00e1vnu funkciu modulu «ZFS na Linuxe<\/a><\/noindex>«. Linus Torvalds odpovedal<\/a><\/noindex>, \u017ee princ\u00edp «nepokazi\u0165<\/a><\/noindex> u\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov<\/a><\/noindex>» sa t\u00fdka zachovania vonkaj\u0161\u00edch rozhran\u00ed jadra, pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch aplik\u00e1ciami v priestore pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013ea, ako aj samotn\u00e9ho jadra. Ale nes\u00favis\u00ed so samostatne vyv\u00edjan\u00fdmi extern\u00fdmi pridan\u00fdmi vrstvami nad jadrom, ktor\u00e9 neboli prijat\u00e9 do z\u00e1kladn\u00e9ho jadra, autori ktor\u00fdch na svoj vlastn\u00fd riziko musia sledova\u0165 zmeny v jadre.<\/p>\n

Pokia\u013e ide o projekt «ZFS on Linux», Linus neodpor\u00fa\u010dal pou\u017e\u00edvanie modulu zfs kv\u00f4li nekompatibilite licenci\u00ed CDDL a GPLv2. Situ\u00e1cia je tak\u00e1, \u017ee kv\u00f4li licen\u010dnej politike spolo\u010dnosti Oracle s\u00fa \u0161ance, \u017ee ZFS niekedy vst\u00fapi do z\u00e1kladn\u00e9ho jadra, ve\u013emi mal\u00e9. Navrhovan\u00e9 aj na ob\u00eddenie licen\u010dnej nekompatibility vrstvy, ktor\u00e9 prekladaj\u00fa pr\u00edstup k funkci\u00e1m jadra pre extern\u00fd k\u00f3d, s\u00fa pochybn\u00fdm rie\u0161en\u00edm \u2014 pr\u00e1vnici pokra\u010duj\u00fa diskutuj\u00fa<\/a><\/noindex> o tom, \u010di reexportovanie funkci\u00ed jadra GPL prostredn\u00edctvom obalov vedie k vytvoreniu odvoden\u00e9ho diela, ktor\u00e9 sa m\u00e1 dod\u00e1va\u0165 pod licenciou GPL.<\/p>\n

Jedinou mo\u017enos\u0165ou, za ktorej by Linus s\u00fahlasil s prijat\u00edm k\u00f3du ZFS do hlavn\u00e9ho jadra, je z\u00edskanie ofici\u00e1lneho povolenia od spolo\u010dnosti Oracle, ktor\u00e9 je potvrden\u00e9 hlavn\u00fdm pr\u00e1vnikom, alebo rad\u0161ej, samotn\u00fdm Larrym Ellisonom. Medzi\u010dl\u00e1nkov\u00e9 rie\u0161enia, ako s\u00fa prostriedky medzi jadrom a k\u00f3dom ZFS, s\u00fa neprijate\u013en\u00e9, vzh\u013eadom na agres\u00edvnu politiku Oracle vo\u010di du\u0161evn\u00e9mu vlastnictvu na programov\u00e9 rozhrania (ako pr\u00edklad, spor<\/a><\/noindex> so spolo\u010dnos\u0165ou Google oh\u013eadom Java API). Okrem toho Linus pova\u017euje snahu pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 ZFS iba za m\u00f3dny trend, nie za technick\u00fa v\u00fdhodu. Testy v\u00fdkonnosti, ktor\u00e9 Linus presk\u00famal, nepotvrdzuj\u00fa ZFS a nedostatok komplexnej podpory nezaru\u010duje stabilitu v dlhodobom horizonte.<\/p>\n

Pripome\u0148me, \u017ee k\u00f3d ZFS sa \u0161\u00edri pod vo\u013enou licenciou CDDL, ktor\u00e1 je nekompatibiln\u00e1 s GPLv2, \u010do znemo\u017e\u0148uje dosiahnu\u0165 integr\u00e1ciu ZFS on Linux do z\u00e1kladnej vetvy jadra Linux, preto\u017ee mie\u0161anie k\u00f3du pod licenciami GPLv2 a CDDL je neprijate\u013en\u00e9. Na ob\u00eddenie tejto licen\u010dnej nekompatibility projekt «ZFS on Linux» sa rozhodol \u0161\u00edri\u0165 produkt \u00faplne pod licenciou CDDL vo forme samostatne na\u010ditate\u013en\u00e9ho modulu, ktor\u00fd sa dod\u00e1va oddelene od jadra. <\/p>\n

Mo\u017enos\u0165 distrib\u00facie hotov\u00e9ho modulu ZFS v r\u00e1mci distrib\u00faci\u00ed vyvol\u00e1va spory medzi pr\u00e1vnikmi. Pr\u00e1vnici organiz\u00e1cie Software Freedom Conservancy (SFC) pova\u017euj\u00fa<\/a><\/noindex>, \u017ee dodanie v distrib\u00facii bin\u00e1rneho modulu jadra vytv\u00e1ra kombinovan\u00fd produkt s GPL s po\u017eiadavkou na distrib\u00faciu kone\u010dnej pr\u00e1ce pod GPL. Pr\u00e1vnici spolo\u010dnosti Canonical nes\u00fahlasia<\/a><\/noindex> a tvrdia, \u017ee dodanie modulu ZFS je pr\u00edpustn\u00e9, ak sa komponent dod\u00e1va ako samostatn\u00fd modul, oddelene od bal\u00edka s jadrom. Canonical poznamen\u00e1va, \u017ee distrib\u00facie u\u017e dlho pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa podobn\u00fd pr\u00edstup na dod\u00e1vanie propriet\u00e1rnych ovl\u00e1da\u010dov, ako s\u00fa ovl\u00e1da\u010de NVIDIA. <\/p>\n

Druh\u00e1 strana argumentuje, \u017ee probl\u00e9m kompatibility s jadrom v propriet\u00e1rnych ovl\u00e1da\u010doch sa rie\u0161i dodan\u00edm malej vrstvy, ktor\u00e1 je distribuovan\u00e1 pod licenciou GPL (do jadra sa na\u010d\u00edta modul pod licenciou GPL, ktor\u00fd u\u017e na\u010d\u00edta propriet\u00e1rne komponenty). Pre ZFS je podobn\u00fa vrstvu mo\u017en\u00e9 pripravi\u0165 len v pr\u00edpade poskytnutia licen\u010dn\u00fdch v\u00fdnimiek od spolo\u010dnosti Oracle. V Oracle Linux sa nekompatibilita s GPL rie\u0161i poskytnut\u00edm licen\u010dnej v\u00fdnimky zo strany spolo\u010dnosti Oracle, ktor\u00e1 zru\u0161\u00ed po\u017eiadavku na licencovanie kombinovanej pr\u00e1ce pod\u013ea CDDL, ale t\u00e1to v\u00fdnimka neplat\u00ed pre in\u00e9 distrib\u00facie. <\/p>\n

Obch\u00e1dzkov\u00fdm man\u00e9vrom je dodanie v distrib\u00facii iba zdrojov\u00fdch textov modulu, \u010do nevedie k prepojeniu a pova\u017euje sa za dodanie dvoch samostatn\u00fdch produktov. V Debiane je na tento \u00fa\u010del zapojen\u00fd syst\u00e9m DKMS (Dynamic Kernel Module Support), pri ktorom sa modul dod\u00e1va v zdrojov\u00fdch textoch a zostavuje sa na syst\u00e9me pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013ea, priamo po in\u0161tal\u00e1cii bal\u00edka.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Zdroj: opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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