{"id":71069,"date":"2020-02-23T22:07:58","date_gmt":"2020-02-23T19:07:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/chetvertushka-ethernet-a-staraya-skorost-novye-vozmozhnosti"},"modified":"2020-03-03T16:14:34","modified_gmt":"2020-03-03T13:14:34","slug":"chetvertushka-ethernet-a-staraya-skorost-novye-vozmozhnosti","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/blog\/administrirovanie\/chetvertushka-ethernet-a-staraya-skorost-novye-vozmozhnosti","title":{"rendered":"Kvartov\u00fd ethernet: star\u00e1 r\u00fdchlos\u0165, nov\u00e9 mo\u017enosti","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Kvartov\u00fd ethernet: star\u00e1 r\u00fdchlos\u0165, nov\u00e9 mo\u017enosti\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/d10d96c9523f873599b9e858dfb50ce7.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n5. febru\u00e1ra tohto roku bol schv\u00e1len\u00fd nov\u00fd \u0161tandard pre 10-megabitsk\u00fd Ethernet. \u00c1no, \u010d\u00edtate spr\u00e1vne: desa\u0165 megabitov za sekundu.<\/p>\n<p>Na \u010do je v 21. storo\u010d\u00ed potrebn\u00e1 tak\u00e1to \u201emal\u00e1\u201c r\u00fdchlos\u0165? Na nahradenie toho zlo\u017eitosti, ktor\u00e1 sa skr\u00fdva pod n\u00e1zvom \u201epolov\u00e1 zbernica\u201c \u2013 Profibus, Modbus, CC-Link, CAN, FlexRay, HART at\u010f. Je ich pr\u00edli\u0161 ve\u013ea, s\u00fa navz\u00e1jom nekompatibiln\u00e9 a relat\u00edvne zlo\u017eit\u00e1 na nastavenie. A chceme len jednoducho zapoji\u0165 k\u00e1bel do prep\u00edna\u010da a hotovo. Ako s be\u017en\u00fdm Ethernetom.<br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\nA \u010doskoro to bude mo\u017en\u00e9! Zozn\u00e1mte sa: \u201e802.3cg-2019 \u2013 IEEE Standard for Ethernet \u2013 Amendment 5: Fyzik\u00e1lne vrstvov\u00e9 \u0161pecifik\u00e1cie a parametre spr\u00e1vy pre 10 Mb\/s prev\u00e1dzku a s \u0148ou s\u00favisiace dod\u00e1vanie energie cez jednu vyv\u00e1\u017een\u00fa dvojicu vodi\u010dov.\u201c <\/p>\n<p>\u010c\u00edm je tento nov\u00fd Ethernet zauj\u00edmav\u00fd? Predov\u0161etk\u00fdm \u2013 funguje po jednej skrutkovej p\u00e1re, nie po \u0161tyroch. Preto m\u00e1 men\u0161ie konektory a ten\u0161ie k\u00e1ble. A m\u00f4\u017ee sa pou\u017ei\u0165 u\u017e polo\u017een\u00e1 skrutkov\u00e1 p\u00e1r, ved\u00faca k senzorom a vykon\u00e1vac\u00edm mechanizmom.<\/p>\n<p>M\u00f4\u017eete oponova\u0165, \u017ee Ethernet funguje do 100 metrov, a senzory s\u00fa umiestnen\u00e9 ove\u013ea \u010falej. Naozaj, to bolo predt\u00fdm probl\u00e9mom. Ale 802.3cg funguje na vzdialenosti a\u017e 1 km! Po jednej p\u00e1re! Nie zle? <\/p>\n<p>V skuto\u010dnosti, e\u0161te lep\u0161ie: cez t\u00fato ist\u00fa p\u00e1r m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 dod\u00e1van\u00e9 aj elektrick\u00e9 nap\u00e1janie. Na to aj za\u010dneme.<\/p>\n<h3>IEEE 802.3bu Power over Data Lines (PoDL)<\/h3>\n<p>\nMysl\u00edm, \u017ee mnoh\u00ed z v\u00e1s po\u010duli o PoE (Power over Ethernet) a vedia, \u017ee na prenos nap\u00e1jania s\u00fa potrebn\u00e9 2 p\u00e1ry vodi\u010dov. Vstup\/v\u00fdstup nap\u00e1jania je uskuto\u010dnen\u00fd v stredn\u00fdch bodoch transform\u00e1torov ka\u017edej p\u00e1ry. Pou\u017eit\u00edm jednej p\u00e1ry je to nemo\u017en\u00e9. Preto to museli urobi\u0165 inak. Ako presne \u2013 je zobrazen\u00e9 na obr\u00e1zku ni\u017e\u0161ie. Pre ilustr\u00e1ciu je pridan\u00fd aj klasick\u00fd PoE.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Kvartov\u00fd ethernet: star\u00e1 r\u00fdchlos\u0165, nov\u00e9 mo\u017enosti\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/bb89378da53efb0a9bbf0a9edf583155.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nTu:<br \/>\nPSE \u2013 power sourcing equipment (zdroj nap\u00e1jania)<br \/>\nPD \u2013 powered device (zariadenie na vzdialenom konci, ktor\u00e9 spotrebov\u00e1va elektrinu)<\/p>\n<p>P\u00f4vodne mal 802.3bu 10 tried elektrick\u00e9ho nap\u00e1jania:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Kvartov\u00fd ethernet: star\u00e1 r\u00fdchlos\u0165, nov\u00e9 mo\u017enosti\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/5d089748498a37f5ae75cc0b8629dc42.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nFarba zv\u00fdraz\u0148uje tri z\u00fa\u017een\u00e9 kateg\u00f3rie nap\u00e4tia zdroja: 12, 24 a 48V.<\/p>\n<p>Ozna\u010denia:<br \/>\nVpse \u2014 nap\u00e4tie zdroja nap\u00e1jania, V<br \/>\nVpd min \u2014 minim\u00e1lne nap\u00e4tie na PD, V<br \/>\nI max \u2014 maxim\u00e1lny pr\u00fad v l\u00ednii, A<br \/>\nPpd max \u2014 maxim\u00e1lny v\u00fdkon spotrebovan\u00fd PD, W<\/p>\n<p>S pr\u00edchodom protokolu 802.3cg pribudlo \u010fal\u0161\u00edch 6 tried:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Kvartov\u00fd ethernet: star\u00e1 r\u00fdchlos\u0165, nov\u00e9 mo\u017enosti\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/cb2677254d132ad27c4daf06489795ea.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nSamozrejme, pri takom mno\u017estve PSE a PD musia dohodn\u00fa\u0165 triedu nap\u00e1jania pred podan\u00edm pln\u00e9ho nap\u00e4tia. Rob\u00ed sa to pomocou SCCP (Serial Communications Classification Protocol). Je to n\u00edzkorychlostn\u00fd protokol (333 bit\/s), zalo\u017een\u00fd na 1-Wire. Funguje len vtedy, ke\u010f nie je do l\u00ednie podan\u00e9 hlavn\u00e9 nap\u00e1janie (vr\u00e1tane sp\u00e1nkov\u00e9ho re\u017eimu).<\/p>\n<p>Na blokovom sch\u00e9me je zn\u00e1zornen\u00e9, ako sa vykon\u00e1va pod\u00e1vanie nap\u00e1jania:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>pod\u00e1va sa pr\u00fad 10mA a kontroluje sa pr\u00edtomnos\u0165 na konci stabilitronu na 4V<\/li>\n<li>vykon\u00e1va sa dohoda o triede nap\u00e1jania<\/li>\n<li>pod\u00e1va sa hlavn\u00e9 nap\u00e1janie<\/li>\n<li>ak spotreba klesne pod 10mA \u2013 aktivuje sa sp\u00e1nkov\u00fd re\u017eim (pod\u00e1vanie pohotovostn\u00e9ho nap\u00e1jania 3.3V)<\/li>\n<li>ak spotreba prekro\u010d\u00ed 1mA \u2013 d\u00f4jde k v\u00fdstupu zo sp\u00e1nkov\u00e9ho re\u017eimu<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\n<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Kvartov\u00fd ethernet: star\u00e1 r\u00fdchlos\u0165, nov\u00e9 mo\u017enosti\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/ac282970ea69804211da01c9c6a384b8.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nDohodu o triede nap\u00e1jania nie je potrebn\u00e9 robi\u0165, ak je vopred zn\u00e1ma. Tento variant sa naz\u00fdva Fast Startup Mode. Pou\u017e\u00edva sa napr\u00edklad v automobiloch, preto\u017ee tam nie je potrebn\u00e9 meni\u0165 konfigur\u00e1ciu pripojen\u00e9ho zariadenia.<\/p>\n<p>Prechod do sp\u00e1nkov\u00e9ho re\u017eimu m\u00f4\u017ee iniciova\u0165 ako PSE, tak aj PD.<\/p>\n<p>Teraz prejdime k opisu prenosu d\u00e1t. Tam je tie\u017e zauj\u00edmav\u00e9: v \u0161tandarde s\u00fa definovan\u00e9 dva re\u017eimy pr\u00e1ce \u2013 dia\u013ekov\u00fd a pre mal\u00e9 vzdialenosti. <\/p>\n<h3>10BASE-T1L<\/h3>\n<p>\nToto je variant pre ve\u013ek\u00fa vzdialenos\u0165 (long reach). Hlavn\u00e9 charakteristiky s\u00fa nasledovn\u00e9:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>dosah \u2013 a\u017e 1km<\/li>\n<li>vodivosti 18AWG (0.8mm2)<\/li>\n<li>a\u017e 10 medzi\u013eahl\u00fdch konektorov (a dva koncov\u00e9)<\/li>\n<li>re\u017eim pr\u00e1ce bod-bod<\/li>\n<li>pln\u00fd duplex<\/li>\n<li>symbolov\u00e1 r\u00fdchlos\u0165 7.5Mb\/s<\/li>\n<li>modul\u00e1cia PAM-3, k\u00f3dovanie 4B3T<\/li>\n<li>sign\u00e1l s amplit\u00fadou 1V (1Vpp) alebo 2.4V<\/li>\n<li>podpora Energy Efficient Ethernet (\u201cquiet\/refresh\u201d EEE)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nJe zrejm\u00e9, \u017ee tento variant je ur\u010den\u00fd na priemyseln\u00e9 pou\u017eitie, syst\u00e9my kontroly pr\u00edstupu, automatiz\u00e1ciu budov, v\u00fd\u0165ahy. Na riadenie chladn\u00edkov, klimatiz\u00e1ci\u00ed, ventil\u00e1torov umiestnen\u00fdch na strech\u00e1ch. Alebo nach\u00e1dzaj\u00facich sa v technick\u00fdch miestnostiach vykurovac\u00edch kotlov a \u010derpadiel. Teda mno\u017estvo r\u00f4znych aplik\u00e1ci\u00ed mimo priemyslu. Nehovoriac o internete vec\u00ed (IoT).<\/p>\n<p>Je potrebn\u00e9 spomen\u00fa\u0165, \u017ee 10BASE-T1 je len jeden z \u0161tandardov Single Pair Ethernet (SPE). Existuje e\u0161te 100BASE-T1 (802.3bw) a 1000BASE-T1 (802.3bp). Pravda, tie boli vyvinut\u00e9 pre automobilov\u00e9 aplik\u00e1cie, tak\u017ee tam je dosah len 15 (UTP) alebo 40 metrov (STP). Av\u0161ak, v pl\u00e1ne u\u017e existuje aj dia\u013ekov\u00fd 100BASE-T1L. Tak\u017ee do bud\u00facna pridaj\u00fa automatick\u00e9 dohodnutie r\u00fdchlosti. <\/p>\n<p>A k\u00fdm nie je pou\u017eit\u00e9 schva\u013eovanie \u2013 je prihl\u00e1sen\u00fd \u201er\u00fdchly \u0161tart\u201c rozhrania: menej ako 100 ms od zapnutia nap\u00e1jania do za\u010diatku v\u00fdmeny \u00fadajov.<\/p>\n<p>\u010eal\u0161ia mo\u017enos\u0165 (nepovinn\u00e1) \u2013 zv\u00fd\u0161enie amplit\u00fady prenosu z 1 na 2.4V pre zlep\u0161enie pomeru sign\u00e1l\/\u0161um, zn\u00ed\u017eenie po\u010dtu ch\u00fdb a odol\u00e1vanie priemyseln\u00fdm ru\u0161eniam.<\/p>\n<p>No a samozrejme, EEE. Je to sp\u00f4sob, ako \u0161etri\u0165 elektrick\u00fa energiu t\u00fdm, \u017ee sa vysiela\u010d vypne, ak v dan\u00fd moment nie s\u00fa d\u00e1ta na prenos. Na diagrame je zn\u00e1zornen\u00e9, ako to vyzer\u00e1:<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Kvartov\u00fd ethernet: star\u00e1 r\u00fdchlos\u0165, nov\u00e9 mo\u017enosti\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/888029d8582e22cb5c5bb39d5f485aa9.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\n\u017diadne d\u00e1ta \u2013 posielame spr\u00e1vu \u201eideme spa\u0165\u201c a odpojujeme sa. Ob\u010das sa prebud\u00edme a po\u0161leme spr\u00e1vu \u201est\u00e1le som tu\u201c. Ke\u010f sa objavia d\u00e1ta, opozitnej strane sa po\u0161le varovanie \u201epreb\u00fadzam sa\u201c a za\u010dne sa prenos. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee iba prij\u00edma\u010de neust\u00e1le pracuj\u00fa.<\/p>\n<p>Teraz sa pozrime, \u010do vymysleli s druhou variantou \u0161tandardu.<\/p>\n<h3>10BASE-T1S<\/h3>\n<p>\nNu\u017e, u\u017e pod\u013ea posledn\u00e9ho p\u00edsmena je jasn\u00e9, \u017ee ide o protokol pre kr\u00e1tke vzdialenosti (short reach). Ale na \u010do je potrebn\u00fd, ak na kr\u00e1tkych vzdialenostiach funguje aj T1L? \u010c\u00edtame \u0161pecifik\u00e1cie:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>dosah a\u017e do 15 m v re\u017eime bod-bod<\/li>\n<li>duplex alebo poloduplex<\/li>\n<li>vedenie 24-26AWG (0.2-0.13 mm2)<\/li>\n<li>symbolov\u00e1 r\u00fdchlos\u0165 12.5 Mbaud<\/li>\n<li>DME, k\u00f3dovanie 4B5B<\/li>\n<li>sign\u00e1l s amplit\u00fadou 1V (1Vpp)<\/li>\n<li>a\u017e 4 prie\u010dne konektory (a dva koncov\u00e9)<\/li>\n<li>\u017eiadna podpora EEE<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nNa prv\u00fd poh\u013ead by sa mohlo zda\u0165, \u017ee nie je ni\u010d \u0161peci\u00e1lne. Tak na \u010do je potrebn\u00fd? A tu je d\u00f4vod:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>dosah a\u017e do 25 m v re\u017eime multipoint (a\u017e 8 uzlov)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nA toto:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>re\u017eim pr\u00e1ce so zabr\u00e1nen\u00edm kol\u00edzi\u00e1m PLCA RS (PHY-Level Collision Avoidance Reconciliation Sublayer)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nA to u\u017e je ove\u013ea zauj\u00edmavej\u0161ie, nemysl\u00edte? Preto\u017ee to v\u00fdrazne zni\u017euje po\u010det k\u00e1blov v ovl\u00e1dac\u00edch skriniach, strojoch, robotoch, vozidl\u00e1ch. A u\u017e s\u00fa tu n\u00e1vrhy na jeho pou\u017eitie ako n\u00e1hrady za I2C v <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/server\/dts-gdansk\/\"   title=\"serveroch\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"4502\">serveroch<\/a>, prep\u00edna\u010doch a inej elektronike.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Kvartov\u00fd ethernet: star\u00e1 r\u00fdchlos\u0165, nov\u00e9 mo\u017enosti\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/98614d57cc671efc36bee4d3251f8e60.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nAle re\u017eim multipoint m\u00e1 nev\u00fdhody. Hlavn\u00e1 z nich je zdie\u013ean\u00e9 m\u00e9dium prenosu d\u00e1t. Samozrejme, kol\u00edzie sa rie\u0161ia pomocou CSMA\/CD. Ale nie je zn\u00e1me, ak\u00e1 bude latencia. A pre niektor\u00e9 aplik\u00e1cie je to kritick\u00e9. Preto nov\u00fd \u0161tandard doplnil multipoint \u0161peci\u00e1lnym re\u017eimom PLCA RS (pozri nasleduj\u00facu \u010das\u0165).<\/p>\n<p>Druh\u00fd nedostatok \u2013 v multipointe nefunguje PoDL. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee nap\u00e1janie sa bude musie\u0165 dod\u00e1va\u0165 cez samostatn\u00fd k\u00e1bel alebo ho z\u00edska\u0165 niekde na mieste. <\/p>\n<p>Av\u0161ak, v re\u017eime point-to-point PoDL funguje aj na T1S.<\/p>\n<h3>PLCA RS<\/h3>\n<p>\nTento re\u017eim funguje nasledovne:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>uzly si navz\u00e1jom rozde\u013euj\u00fa identifik\u00e1tory, uzol s ID=0 sa st\u00e1va koordin\u00e1torom<\/li>\n<li>koordin\u00e1tor vy\u017earuje do siete sign\u00e1l BEACON, \u010do znamen\u00e1 za\u010diatok novej iter\u00e1cie prenosu a pren\u00e1\u0161a svoj paket d\u00e1t<\/li>\n<li>po prenose paketu d\u00e1t sa front na prenos pres\u00fava na \u010fal\u0161\u00ed uzol<\/li>\n<li>ak uzol neza\u010dne prenos v \u010dase potrebnom na prenos 20 bitov, front prech\u00e1dza na \u010fal\u0161\u00ed uzol<\/li>\n<li>ke\u010f v\u0161etky uzly preniesli d\u00e1ta (alebo presko\u010dili svoj term\u00edn), koordin\u00e1tor za\u010d\u00edna nov\u00fa iter\u00e1ciu<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nCelkovo to pripom\u00edna TDMA. Ale s t\u00fdm rozdielom, \u017ee uzol nepou\u017e\u00edva svoj \u010dasov\u00fd r\u00e1mec, ak nem\u00e1 \u010do pren\u00e1\u0161a\u0165. A ve\u013ekos\u0165 r\u00e1mca nie je striktne stanoven\u00e1, preto\u017ee z\u00e1vis\u00ed od ve\u013ekosti paketu d\u00e1t pren\u00e1\u0161an\u00e9ho uzlom. A to v\u0161etko funguje nad \u0161tandardn\u00fdmi r\u00e1mcami Ethernet 802.3 (PLCA RS nie je povinn\u00fd, preto mus\u00ed by\u0165 kompatibilita).<\/p>\n<p>V\u00fdsledok pou\u017eitia PLCA je na grafoch ni\u017e\u0161ie. Prv\u00fd \u2013 oneskorenie v z\u00e1vislosti od za\u0165a\u017eenia, druh\u00fd \u2013 priepustnos\u0165 v z\u00e1vislosti od po\u010dtu pren\u00e1\u0161aj\u00facich uzlov. Je zrejm\u00e9, \u017ee oneskorenie sa stalo ove\u013ea predv\u00eddate\u013enej\u0161\u00edm. A v najhor\u0161om pr\u00edpade je o 2 r\u00e1dy men\u0161ie ne\u017e v najhor\u0161om pr\u00edpade CSMA\/CD:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Kvartov\u00fd ethernet: star\u00e1 r\u00fdchlos\u0165, nov\u00e9 mo\u017enosti\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/62bd8e271e7d882095281b37f63d8426.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nA priepustnos\u0165 kan\u00e1la v pr\u00edpade PLCA je vy\u0161\u0161ia, preto\u017ee sa nepou\u017e\u00edva na rie\u0161enie kol\u00edzi\u00ed:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Kvartov\u00fd ethernet: star\u00e1 r\u00fdchlos\u0165, nov\u00e9 mo\u017enosti\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/b66a9bb8836a6d8d9aa0b21d1136f186.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<\/p>\n<h3>Konektory<\/h3>\n<p>\nSpo\u010diatku sme si vyberali z 6 variantov konektorov, ktor\u00e9 navrhli r\u00f4zne firmy. Nakoniec sme sa zastavili na t\u00fdchto dvoch variantoch: <\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Kvartov\u00fd ethernet: star\u00e1 r\u00fdchlos\u0165, nov\u00e9 mo\u017enosti\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/0edb52b01e5d082069a10d46a57cd540.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nPre be\u017en\u00e9 podmienky prev\u00e1dzky bol vybran\u00fd LC konektor IEC 63171-1 od spolo\u010dnosti CommScope. <\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Kvartov\u00fd ethernet: star\u00e1 r\u00fdchlos\u0165, nov\u00e9 mo\u017enosti\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/a4b8c60e1ffbb0008973a0c5fe1d8dca.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nPre tvrd\u00e9 prev\u00e1dzkov\u00e9 podmienky \u2013 rodina konektorov IEC 63171-6 (b\u00fdval\u00fd 61076-3-125) od spolo\u010dnosti HARTING. Tieto konektory s\u00fa navrhnut\u00e9 so stup\u0148ami ochrany od IP20 do IP67.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Kvartov\u00fd ethernet: star\u00e1 r\u00fdchlos\u0165, nov\u00e9 mo\u017enosti\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/88150dd0f844444ab76d6c3f394658f0.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nSamozrejme, konektory a k\u00e1ble m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 ako UTP, tak aj STP. <\/p>\n<h3>In\u00e9<\/h3>\n<p>\nJe mo\u017en\u00e9 pou\u017ei\u0165 be\u017en\u00fd \u0161tyroch vodi\u010dov\u00fd Ethernetov\u00fd k\u00e1bel, pri\u010dom ka\u017ed\u00fa dvojicu mo\u017eno pou\u017ei\u0165 pre samostatn\u00fd kan\u00e1l SPE. Aby sme nemuseli \u0165aha\u0165 \u0161tyri samostatn\u00e9 k\u00e1ble \u010falej. Alebo pou\u017ei\u0165 jednop\u00e1rov\u00fd k\u00e1bel a na druhom konci umiestni\u0165 prep\u00edna\u010d jednop\u00e1rov\u00e9ho Ethernetu. <\/p>\n<p>Je mo\u017en\u00e9 pripoji\u0165 tento switch priamo do lok\u00e1lnej siete podniku, ak u\u017e je do vzdialen\u00fdch miest natiahnut\u00e1 sie\u0165 optick\u00fdm vl\u00e1knom. Pripojte k nemu senzory a preh\u013ead\u00e1vajte \u00fadaje tu. Rovno cez sie\u0165. Bez konvertorov rozhran\u00ed a br\u00e1n. <\/p>\n<p>A pritom to nemusia by\u0165 nutne senzory. M\u00f4\u017eu to by\u0165 kamerov\u00e9 syst\u00e9my, domof\u00f3ny alebo \u201einteligentn\u00e9\u201c \u017eiarovky. Pohony nejak\u00fdch ventilov alebo turnikety na vstupoch.<\/p>\n<p>Tak\u017ee sa otv\u00e1raj\u00fa zauj\u00edmav\u00e9 perspekt\u00edvy. Samozrejme, SPE pravdepodobne nenahrad\u00ed v\u0161etky po\u013en\u00e9 zbernice. Ale ur\u010dite si z nich ukroj\u00ed zna\u010dn\u00fd kus. V automobiloch to m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 jasn\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p><i>PS Nena\u0161iel som text \u0161tandardu vo vo\u013enom pr\u00edstupe. Uveden\u00e9 inform\u00e1cie boli zhroma\u017eden\u00e9 po \u010dastiach z r\u00f4znych prezent\u00e1ci\u00ed a materi\u00e1lov dostupn\u00fdch na internete. Tak\u017ee v nich m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 nepresnosti.<\/i><br \/>\n<br \/>Zdroj: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/post\/489314\/\">habr.com<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>5 \u0444\u0435\u0432\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044f \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0431\u044b\u043b \u0443\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0434\u0451\u043d \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442 \u043d\u0430 10-\u043c\u0435\u0433\u0430\u0431\u0438\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 Ethernet. \u0414\u0430, \u0432\u044b \u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438: \u0434\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0442\u044c \u043c\u0435\u0433\u0430\u0431\u0438\u0442 \u0432 \u0441\u0435\u043a\u0443\u043d\u0434\u0443. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u0447\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0432 21-\u043c \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0435 \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0430\u044f \u00ab\u043c\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044c\u043a\u0430\u044f\u00bb \u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c? \u0414\u043b\u044f \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0437\u043e\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0430, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u0451\u043c\u043a\u0438\u043c \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u00ab\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0448\u0438\u043d\u0430\u00bb \u2014 Profibus, Modbus, CC-Link, CAN, FlexRay, HART \u0438 \u0442.\u0434. \u0418\u0445 \u0441\u043b\u0438\u0448\u043a\u043e\u043c \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u043e\u043d\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043e\u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043c\u044b \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0439 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":71070,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-71069","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"5 \u0444\u0435\u0432\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044f \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0431\u044b\u043b.\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Yuri Gagarin\"\/>\n\t<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/blog\/administrirovanie\/chetvertushka-ethernet-a-staraya-skorost-novye-vozmozhnosti\" \/>\n\t\t<meta name=\"generator\" content=\"All in One SEO 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