{"id":71608,"date":"2020-02-27T08:51:12","date_gmt":"2020-02-27T05:51:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/kak-v-yandeks-oblake-ustroeno-virtual-private-cloud-i-kak-nashi-polzovateli-pomogayut-nam-vnedryat-poleznye-funkczii"},"modified":"2026-05-21T17:55:47","modified_gmt":"2026-05-21T15:55:47","slug":"kak-v-yandeks-oblake-ustroeno-virtual-private-cloud-i-kak-nashi-polzovateli-pomogayut-nam-vnedryat-poleznye-funkczii","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/blog\/administrirovanie\/kak-v-yandeks-oblake-ustroeno-virtual-private-cloud-i-kak-nashi-polzovateli-pomogayut-nam-vnedryat-poleznye-funkczii","title":{"rendered":"Ako je v Yandex.Cloud usporiadan\u00e9 Virtual Private Cloud a ako na\u0161i pou\u017e\u00edvatelia pom\u00e1haj\u00fa implementova\u0165 u\u017eito\u010dn\u00e9 funkcie","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Ahoj, vol\u00e1m sa Kosti Kr\u00e1mlikh, som hlavn\u00fdm v\u00fdvoj\u00e1rom v oddelen\u00ed Virtual Private Cloud v Yandex.Cloud. Zaober\u00e1m sa virtu\u00e1lnou sie\u0165ou a, ako si m\u00f4\u017eete domyslie\u0165, v tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku v\u00e1m poviem o fungovan\u00ed Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) vo v\u0161eobecnosti a virtu\u00e1lnej sieti konkr\u00e9tne. Takisto sa dozviete, pre\u010do my, v\u00fdvoj\u00e1ri slu\u017eby, si ve\u013emi cen\u00edme sp\u00e4tn\u00fa v\u00e4zbu od na\u0161ich pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov. Ale po poriadku.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" style=\"display: block; margin: 0 auto;\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/62b3d222c1911fb28a345defdd81135c.jpeg\" alt=\"Ako je v Yandex.Cloud usporiadan\u00e9 Virtual Private Cloud a ako na\u0161i pou\u017e\u00edvatelia pom\u00e1haj\u00fa implementova\u0165 u\u017eito\u010dn\u00e9 funkcie\" \/><\/p>\n<p><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/p>\n<h2>\u010co je to VPC?<\/h2>\n<p>V s\u00fa\u010dasnosti je pre nasadenie slu\u017eieb mno\u017estvo r\u00f4znych mo\u017enost\u00ed. Som presved\u010den\u00fd, \u017ee niekto si st\u00e1le dr\u017e\u00ed server pod stolom administr\u00e1tora, aj ke\u010f d\u00fafam, \u017ee tak\u00fdch pr\u00edbehov ub\u00fada.<\/p>\n<p>Slu\u017eby sa teraz sna\u017eia prech\u00e1dza\u0165 do verejn\u00fdch cloudov a pr\u00e1ve tu sa stret\u00e1vaj\u00fa s VPC. VPC je \u010das\u0165 verejn\u00e9ho cloudu, ktor\u00e1 sp\u00e1ja pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013esk\u00e9, infra\u0161trukt\u00farne, platformov\u00e9 a in\u00e9 zdroje do jedn\u00e9ho celku, kdeko\u013evek sa nach\u00e1dzaj\u00fa, v na\u0161om Cloude alebo mimo neho. Pri tom VPC umo\u017e\u0148uje, aby sa tieto zdroje bez potreby nevyhadzovali na internet, zost\u00e1vaj\u00fa v r\u00e1mci va\u0161ej izolovanej siete.<\/p>\n<h2>Ako vyzer\u00e1 virtu\u00e1lna sie\u0165 zvonka<\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" style=\"display: block; margin: 0 auto;\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/073a0cbac0e733decd8a4e6ffd9570ff.jpeg\" alt=\"Ako je v Yandex.Cloud usporiadan\u00e9 Virtual Private Cloud a ako na\u0161i pou\u017e\u00edvatelia pom\u00e1haj\u00fa implementova\u0165 u\u017eito\u010dn\u00e9 funkcie\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Pod VPC rozumieme predov\u0161etk\u00fdm overlay sie\u0165 a sie\u0165ov\u00e9 slu\u017eby ako VPNaaS, NATaas, LBaas a \u010fal\u0161ie. A to v\u0161etko funguje na vrchu redundantnej sie\u0165ovej infra\u0161trukt\u00fary, o ktorej u\u017e bola re\u010d <a href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/yandex\/blog\/437816\/\" rel=\"nofollow\">skvel\u00fd \u010dl\u00e1nok<\/a> tu na Habre.<\/p>\n<p>Pozrime sa na virtu\u00e1lnu sie\u0165 a jej fungovanie podrobnej\u0161ie.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" style=\"display: block; margin: 0 auto;\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/b1b7a15912f9c7995663ab9943d473f1.jpeg\" alt=\"Ako je v Yandex.Cloud usporiadan\u00e9 Virtual Private Cloud a ako na\u0161i pou\u017e\u00edvatelia pom\u00e1haj\u00fa implementova\u0165 u\u017eito\u010dn\u00e9 funkcie\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Spoznajme dve z\u00f3ny dostupnosti. Poskytujeme virtu\u00e1lnu sie\u0165 \u2013 to, \u010do sme nazvali VPC. V skuto\u010dnosti ur\u010duje priestor jedine\u010dnosti va\u0161ich \"\u0161ed\u00fdch\" adries. V r\u00e1mci ka\u017edej virtu\u00e1lnej siete m\u00e1te \u00fapln\u00fa kontrolu nad priestorom adries, ktor\u00e9 m\u00f4\u017eete priradi\u0165 v\u00fdpo\u010dtov\u00fdm zdrojom.<\/p>\n<p>Sie\u0165 je glob\u00e1lna. Pri tom sa premieta do ka\u017edej zo z\u00f3n dostupnosti v podobe entity nazvanej Subnet. Pre ka\u017ed\u00fa Subnet prira\u010fujete ur\u010dit\u00fd CIDR s ve\u013ekos\u0165ou 16 alebo men\u0161ou. V ka\u017edej z\u00f3ne dostupnosti m\u00f4\u017ee existova\u0165 viac ako jedna tak\u00e1to entita, pri\u010dom medzi nimi v\u017edy existuje transparentn\u00e9 smerovanie. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee v\u0161etky va\u0161e zdroje v r\u00e1mci jednej VPC m\u00f4\u017eu \"komunikova\u0165\" medzi sebou, aj ke\u010f sa nach\u00e1dzaj\u00fa v r\u00f4znych z\u00f3nach dostupnosti. \"Komunikova\u0165\" bez opustenia internetu, cez na\u0161e vn\u00fatorn\u00e9 kan\u00e1ly, \"mysliac\", \u017ee sa nach\u00e1dzaj\u00fa v r\u00e1mci jednej s\u00fakromnej siete.<\/p>\n<p>Na sch\u00e9me vy\u0161\u0161ie je zn\u00e1zornen\u00e1 typick\u00e1 situ\u00e1cia: dve VPC, ktor\u00e9 sa niekde prekryj\u00fa adresami. Obe m\u00f4\u017eu patri\u0165 v\u00e1m. Napr\u00edklad jedna pre v\u00fdvoj, druh\u00e1 \u2013 pre testovanie. M\u00f4\u017eu to by\u0165 aj r\u00f4zni pou\u017e\u00edvatelia \u2013 v tomto pr\u00edpade na tom nez\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed. A do ka\u017edej VPC je zasaden\u00e1 jedna virtu\u00e1lna ma\u0161ina.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" style=\"display: block; margin: 0 auto;\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/73e872a4f6c3e19576db4e4980d62a45.jpeg\" alt=\"Ako je v Yandex.Cloud usporiadan\u00e9 Virtual Private Cloud a ako na\u0161i pou\u017e\u00edvatelia pom\u00e1haj\u00fa implementova\u0165 u\u017eito\u010dn\u00e9 funkcie\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Zoslo\u017eit\u00edme sch\u00e9mu. M\u00f4\u017eete konfigurova\u0165, aby sa jedna virtu\u00e1lna ma\u0161ina pripojila naraz k viacer\u00fdm subnetom. A nie len tak, ale v r\u00f4znych virtu\u00e1lnych sie\u0165ach.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" style=\"display: block; margin: 0 auto;\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/cc4ab2c7553d63ef2636924df1575479.jpeg\" alt=\"Ako je v Yandex.Cloud usporiadan\u00e9 Virtual Private Cloud a ako na\u0161i pou\u017e\u00edvatelia pom\u00e1haj\u00fa implementova\u0165 u\u017eito\u010dn\u00e9 funkcie\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Ak v\u0161ak potrebujete vystavi\u0165 stroje na internet, m\u00f4\u017eete to urobi\u0165 cez API alebo UI. Na to je potrebn\u00e9 nastavi\u0165 preklad NAT v\u00e1\u0161ho \u201e\u0161ed\u00e9ho\u201c, vn\u00fatorn\u00e9ho adresy na \u201ebiely\u201c \u2013 verejn\u00fd. \u201eBielu\u201c adresu si nem\u00f4\u017eete vybra\u0165, je priraden\u00e1 n\u00e1hodne z n\u00e1\u0161ho adresn\u00e9ho priestoru. Ke\u010f prestanete pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 extern\u00fa IP, vr\u00e1ti sa do baz\u00e9na. Plat\u00edte iba za \u010das pou\u017e\u00edvania \u201ebielej\u201c adresy.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" style=\"display: block; margin: 0 auto;\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/c2375fd6d0fb7b55ca55787adf505229.jpeg\" alt=\"Ako je v Yandex.Cloud usporiadan\u00e9 Virtual Private Cloud a ako na\u0161i pou\u017e\u00edvatelia pom\u00e1haj\u00fa implementova\u0165 u\u017eito\u010dn\u00e9 funkcie\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Existuje aj mo\u017enos\u0165 poskytn\u00fa\u0165 stroju pr\u00edstup na internet pomocou NAT in\u0161tancie. Na in\u0161tanciu m\u00f4\u017eete smerova\u0165 prenos cez statick\u00fa tabu\u013eku smerovania. Tento pr\u00edpad sme zoh\u013eadnili, preto\u017ee je potrebn\u00fd pre niektor\u00fdch pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov, a vieme o tom. Preto v na\u0161om katal\u00f3gu obrazov n\u00e1jdete \u0161peci\u00e1lne nakonfigurovan\u00fd NAT obraz.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" style=\"display: block; margin: 0 auto;\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/744ac3bdd2f388bab2597d6fe1519d76.jpeg\" alt=\"Ako je v Yandex.Cloud usporiadan\u00e9 Virtual Private Cloud a ako na\u0161i pou\u017e\u00edvatelia pom\u00e1haj\u00fa implementova\u0165 u\u017eito\u010dn\u00e9 funkcie\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Ale aj ke\u010f je k dispoz\u00edcii hotov\u00fd NAT obraz, nastavenie m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 zlo\u017eit\u00e9. Uvedomovali sme si, \u017ee pre niektor\u00fdch pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov to nie je ten najpohodlnej\u0161\u00ed variant, preto sme nakoniec vytvorili mo\u017enos\u0165 zapn\u00fa\u0165 NAT pre po\u017eadovan\u00fd subnet jedn\u00fdm kliknut\u00edm. T\u00e1to funkcia je zatia\u013e v uzavretom preview pr\u00edstupe, kde sa testuje s pomocou \u010dlenov komunity.<\/p>\n<h2>Ako je virtu\u00e1lna sie\u0165 koncipovan\u00e1 zvn\u00fatra<\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" style=\"display: block; margin: 0 auto;\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/71cab3ae7f067f165a87e30c60559794.jpeg\" alt=\"Ako je v Yandex.Cloud usporiadan\u00e9 Virtual Private Cloud a ako na\u0161i pou\u017e\u00edvatelia pom\u00e1haj\u00fa implementova\u0165 u\u017eito\u010dn\u00e9 funkcie\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Ako interaguje pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013e s virtu\u00e1lnou sie\u0165ou? Sie\u0165 sleduje vonkaj\u0161ok svoj\u00edm API. Pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013e prich\u00e1dza do API a pracuje s cie\u013eov\u00fdm stavom. Cez API pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013e vid\u00ed, ako by to malo by\u0165 usporiadan\u00e9 a nastaven\u00e9, pritom vid\u00ed stav, do akej miery sa aktu\u00e1lny stav l\u00ed\u0161i od po\u017eadovan\u00e9ho. To je obraz pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013ea. A \u010do sa deje vo vn\u00fatri?<\/p>\n<p>Zaznamen\u00e1vame po\u017eadovan\u00fd stav do Yandex Database a ideme konfigurova\u0165 r\u00f4zne \u010dasti na\u0161ej VPC. Overlay sie\u0165 v Yandex. Cloud je postaven\u00e1 na vybran\u00fdch komponentoch OpenContrail, ktor\u00fd sa ned\u00e1vno premenoval na Tungsten Fabric. Sie\u0165ov\u00e9 slu\u017eby s\u00fa realizovan\u00e9 na jedinej platforme CloudGate. V CloudGate sme tie\u017e pou\u017eili nieko\u013eko open source komponentov: GoBGP \u2013 na z\u00edskanie kontrolnej inform\u00e1cie, a tie\u017e VPP \u2013 na realiz\u00e1ciu programov\u00e9ho smerova\u010da funguj\u00faceho na DPDK pre data path.<\/p>\n<p>Tungsten Fabric komunikuje s CloudGate cez GoBGP. Rozpr\u00e1va, \u010do sa deje v overlay sieti. CloudGate, na druhej strane, prep\u00e1ja overlay siete medzi sebou a s internetom.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" style=\"display: block; margin: 0 auto;\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/222d68fff4b9577f316c8642e846172e.jpeg\" alt=\"Ako je v Yandex.Cloud usporiadan\u00e9 Virtual Private Cloud a ako na\u0161i pou\u017e\u00edvatelia pom\u00e1haj\u00fa implementova\u0165 u\u017eito\u010dn\u00e9 funkcie\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Teraz sa pozrime, ako virtu\u00e1lna sie\u0165 rie\u0161i \u00falohy \u0161k\u00e1lovania a dostupnosti. Zv\u00e1\u017eme jednoduch\u00fd pr\u00edpad. M\u00e1me jednu z\u00f3nu dostupnosti a v nej vytvoren\u00e9 dve VPC. Nasadili sme jeden in\u0161tanciu Tungsten Fabric, a ten si \u0165ah\u00e1 nieko\u013eko desiatok tis\u00edc siet\u00ed. Siete s\u00fa prepojen\u00e9 s CloudGate. CloudGate, ako sme u\u017e spomenuli, zabezpe\u010duje ich prepojenos\u0165 medzi sebou a s internetom.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" style=\"display: block; margin: 0 auto;\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/4da02ba041dcd886eee212dd8998718c.jpeg\" alt=\"Ako je v Yandex.Cloud usporiadan\u00e9 Virtual Private Cloud a ako na\u0161i pou\u017e\u00edvatelia pom\u00e1haj\u00fa implementova\u0165 u\u017eito\u010dn\u00e9 funkcie\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Predpokladajme, \u017ee sa prid\u00e1va druh\u00e1 z\u00f3na dostupnosti. T\u00e1 by mala zlyha\u0165 \u00faplne nez\u00e1visle od prvej. Preto v druhej z\u00f3ne dostupnosti mus\u00edme umiestni\u0165 samostatn\u00fa in\u0161tanciu Tungsten Fabric. To bude samostatn\u00fd syst\u00e9m, ktor\u00fd sa zaober\u00e1 overlayom a m\u00e1lo vie o prvej s\u00fastave. A vidite\u013enos\u0165, \u017ee na\u0161a virtu\u00e1lna sie\u0165 je glob\u00e1lna, vlastne vytv\u00e1ra n\u00e1\u0161 VPC API. To je jeho \u00faloha.<\/p>\n<p>VPC1 sa premieta do z\u00f3ny dostupnosti B, ak v z\u00f3ne dostupnosti B existuj\u00fa zdroje, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa zapojen\u00e9 do VPC1. Ak v z\u00f3ne dostupnosti B nie s\u00fa zdroje z VPC2, VPC2 v tejto z\u00f3ne nebudeme materializova\u0165. Na druhej strane, ke\u010f\u017ee zdroje z VPC3 existuj\u00fa len v z\u00f3ne B, VPC3 nie je v z\u00f3ne A. V\u0161etko je to jednoduch\u00e9 a logick\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>Po\u010fme \u00eds\u0165 trochu hlb\u0161ie a pozrime sa, ako je usporiadan\u00fd konkr\u00e9tny hostite\u013e v Yandex. Cloud. Hlavn\u00e9, \u010do chcem zd\u00f4razni\u0165, je, \u017ee v\u0161etky hostite\u013esk\u00e9 zariadenia s\u00fa usporiadan\u00e9 rovnako. Sna\u017e\u00edme sa, aby na \"\u017eeleze\" be\u017eala iba nevyhnutn\u00e1 minim\u00e1lna sada slu\u017eieb, v\u0161etky ostatn\u00e9 funguj\u00fa na <a href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/vps\/abuzoustojchivye-vps\/\">virtu\u00e1lnych strojoch<\/a>. Vytv\u00e1rame slu\u017eby vy\u0161\u0161\u00edch \u00farovn\u00ed na z\u00e1klade z\u00e1kladn\u00fdch infra\u0161trukt\u00farnych slu\u017eieb a tie\u017e vyu\u017e\u00edvame Cloud na rie\u0161enie niektor\u00fdch in\u017einierskych \u00faloh, napr\u00edklad v r\u00e1mci Continuous Integration.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" style=\"display: block; margin: 0 auto;\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/4664bd03793ba394ceda1f8214fa2c16.jpeg\" alt=\"Ako je v Yandex.Cloud usporiadan\u00e9 Virtual Private Cloud a ako na\u0161i pou\u017e\u00edvatelia pom\u00e1haj\u00fa implementova\u0165 u\u017eito\u010dn\u00e9 funkcie\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Ak sa pozrieme na konkr\u00e9tny host, uvid\u00edme, \u017ee v opera\u010dnom syst\u00e9me hosta be\u017eia tri komponenty:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Compute \u2013 \u010das\u0165 zodpovedaj\u00faca za distrib\u00faciu v\u00fdpo\u010dtov\u00fdch zdrojov na hoste.<\/li>\n<li>VRouter \u2013 s\u00fa\u010das\u0165 Tungsten Fabric, ktor\u00e1 organizuje overlay, teda tuneluje pakety cez underlay.<\/li>\n<li>VDisk \u2013 ide o kusy virtualiz\u00e1cie \u00falo\u017eiska.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Okrem toho s\u00fa <a href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/vps\/abuzoustojchivye-vps\/\">virtu\u00e1lnych strojoch<\/a> spusten\u00e9 slu\u017eby: infra\u0161trukt\u00farne slu\u017eby cloudu, platformov\u00e9 slu\u017eby a kapacity z\u00e1kazn\u00edkov. Kapacity z\u00e1kazn\u00edkov a platformov\u00e9 slu\u017eby v\u017edy prech\u00e1dzaj\u00fa do overlay cez VRouter.<\/p>\n<p>Infrastrukt\u00farne slu\u017eby m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 zapojen\u00e9 do overlay, ale v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inou chc\u00fa fungova\u0165 pr\u00e1ve v underlay. Do underlay sa zap\u00e1jaj\u00fa pomocou SR-IOV. Fakticky rozdel\u00edme kartu na virtu\u00e1lne sie\u0165ov\u00e9 karty (virtu\u00e1lne funkcie) a zapoj\u00edme ich do infra\u0161trukt\u00farnych virtu\u00e1lnych strojov, aby sme nestr\u00e1cali v\u00fdkon. Napr\u00edklad, ten ist\u00fd CloudGate je spusten\u00fd ako jedna z tak\u00fdch infra\u0161trukt\u00farnych virtu\u00e1lnych strojov.<\/p>\n<p>Teraz, ke\u010f sme op\u00edsali glob\u00e1lne \u00falohy virtu\u00e1lnej siete a usporiadanie z\u00e1kladn\u00fdch komponentov cloudu, pozrime sa, ako presne r\u00f4zne \u010dasti virtu\u00e1lnej siete vz\u00e1jomne komunikuj\u00fa.<\/p>\n<p>V na\u0161om syst\u00e9me vy\u010dle\u0148ujeme tri vrstvy:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Config Plane \u2013 ur\u010duje cie\u013eov\u00fd stav syst\u00e9mu. To je to, \u010do konfiguruje pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013e cez API.<\/li>\n<li>Control Plane \u2013 zabezpe\u010duje pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eom stanoven\u00fa s\u00e9mantiku, teda dotiahne stav Data Plane do podoby, ktor\u00fa pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013e op\u00edsal v Config Plane.<\/li>\n<li>Data Plane \u2013 priamo spracov\u00e1va pakety pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013ea.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" style=\"display: block; margin: 0 auto;\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/644cddfa8bce83a501bf4788a21f9588.jpeg\" alt=\"Ako je v Yandex.Cloud usporiadan\u00e9 Virtual Private Cloud a ako na\u0161i pou\u017e\u00edvatelia pom\u00e1haj\u00fa implementova\u0165 u\u017eito\u010dn\u00e9 funkcie\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Ako som u\u017e povedal vy\u0161\u0161ie, v\u0161etko sa za\u010d\u00edna t\u00fdm, \u017ee pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013e alebo intern\u00e1 platformov\u00e1 slu\u017eba prich\u00e1dza do API a opisuje ur\u010dit\u00fd cie\u013eov\u00fd stav.<\/p>\n<p>Tento stav sa okam\u017eite zap\u00ed\u0161e do Yandex Database, vr\u00e1ti sa cez API ID asynchr\u00f3nnej oper\u00e1cie a spust\u00ed na\u0161u vn\u00fatorn\u00fa ma\u0161in\u00e9riu, aby sa dosiahol stav, ktor\u00fd chcel pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013e. Konfigura\u010dn\u00e9 \u00falohy id\u00fa do SDN kontrol\u00e9ra a informuj\u00fa Tungsten Fabric, \u010do je potrebn\u00e9 urobi\u0165 v overlay. Napr\u00edklad, rezervuj\u00fa porty, virtu\u00e1lne siete a podobne.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" style=\"display: block; margin: 0 auto;\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/c2c6e443c93f8dedc6a63e4bd3fd7042.jpeg\" alt=\"Ako je v Yandex.Cloud usporiadan\u00e9 Virtual Private Cloud a ako na\u0161i pou\u017e\u00edvatelia pom\u00e1haj\u00fa implementova\u0165 u\u017eito\u010dn\u00e9 funkcie\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Config Plane v Tungsten Fabric odovzd\u00e1va Control Plane po\u017eadovan\u00fd stav. Cez \u0148u sa Config Plane komunikuje s hostite\u013emi a informuje ich, \u010do presne na nich bude \u010doskoro be\u017ea\u0165.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" style=\"display: block; margin: 0 auto;\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/2139361a9e1837c7bc7f156e8bc36d38.jpeg\" alt=\"Ako je v Yandex.Cloud usporiadan\u00e9 Virtual Private Cloud a ako na\u0161i pou\u017e\u00edvatelia pom\u00e1haj\u00fa implementova\u0165 u\u017eito\u010dn\u00e9 funkcie\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Teraz sa pozrime, ako vyzer\u00e1 syst\u00e9m na hostite\u013eoch. V <a href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/vps\/abuzoustojchivye-vps\/\">virtu\u00e1lnom stroji<\/a> existuje sie\u0165ov\u00fd adapt\u00e9r zapojen\u00fd do VRouteru. VRouter je jadrov\u00fd modul Tungsten Fabric, ktor\u00fd sleduje pakety. Ak pre ur\u010dit\u00fd paket u\u017e existuje flow, modul ho spracov\u00e1va. Ak flow neexistuje, modul vykon\u00e1va takzvan\u00e9 punting, \u010do znamen\u00e1, \u017ee posiela paket do procesu v u\u017e\u00edvate\u013eskom m\u00f3de. Proces analyzuje paket a bu\u010f na\u0148 s\u00e1m odpoved\u00e1, ako napr\u00edklad na DHCP a DNS, alebo hovor\u00ed VRouteru, \u010do s n\u00edm robi\u0165. Potom VRouter m\u00f4\u017ee spracov\u00e1va\u0165 paket.<\/p>\n<p>\u010ealej traffic medzi virtu\u00e1lnymi strojmi v r\u00e1mci jednej virtu\u00e1lnej siete prech\u00e1dza transparentne, nepreposiela sa na CloudGate. Hostitelia, na ktor\u00fdch s\u00fa rozlo\u017een\u00e9 virtu\u00e1lne stroje, komunikuj\u00fa medzi sebou priamo. Tunnelluj\u00fa traffic a pren\u00e1\u0161aj\u00fa ho medzi sebou cez underlay.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" style=\"display: block; margin: 0 auto;\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/1247f20fa2a12f093d7f1d2361d48a02.jpeg\" alt=\"Ako je v Yandex.Cloud usporiadan\u00e9 Virtual Private Cloud a ako na\u0161i pou\u017e\u00edvatelia pom\u00e1haj\u00fa implementova\u0165 u\u017eito\u010dn\u00e9 funkcie\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Control Plane kommunikuje medzi sebou medzi z\u00f3nami dostupnosti cez BGP, ako s in\u00fdm routerom. Hovoria, v ak\u00fdch strojoch je \u010do nasaden\u00e9, aby virtu\u00e1lne stroje v jednej z\u00f3ne mohli priamo interagova\u0165 s in\u00fdmi virtu\u00e1lnymi strojmi.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" style=\"display: block; margin: 0 auto;\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/f70cd562220c7367e29597d8e8b62f81.jpeg\" alt=\"Ako je v Yandex.Cloud usporiadan\u00e9 Virtual Private Cloud a ako na\u0161i pou\u017e\u00edvatelia pom\u00e1haj\u00fa implementova\u0165 u\u017eito\u010dn\u00e9 funkcie\" \/><\/p>\n<p>A Control Plane komunikuje aj s CloudGate. Analogicky poskytuje inform\u00e1cie o tom, kde a ak\u00e9 virtu\u00e1lne stroje s\u00fa nasaden\u00e9, ak\u00e9 maj\u00fa adresy. To umo\u017e\u0148uje nasmerova\u0165 na ne extern\u00fd traffic a traffic od vyrovn\u00e1va\u010dov.<\/p>\n<p>Traffic, ktor\u00fd vych\u00e1dza z VPC, prich\u00e1dza na CloudGate, do data path, kde r\u00fdchlo prech\u00e1dza cez VPP s na\u0161imi pluginmi. N\u00e1sledne je traffic vystrie\u013ean\u00fd bu\u010f do in\u00fdch VPC, alebo von, do hrani\u010dn\u00fdch routerov, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa konfigurovan\u00e9 cez Control Plane samotn\u00e9ho CloudGate.<\/p>\n<h2>Pl\u00e1ny na najbli\u017e\u0161iu bud\u00facnos\u0165<\/h2>\n<p>Ak zhrnieme v\u0161etko povedan\u00e9 vy\u0161\u0161ie v nieko\u013ek\u00fdch vet\u00e1ch, m\u00f4\u017eeme poveda\u0165, \u017ee VPC v Yandex.Cloud rie\u0161i dve d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 \u00falohy:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Zabezpe\u010duje izol\u00e1ciu medzi r\u00f4znymi klientmi.<\/li>\n<li>Zlu\u010duje zdroje, infra\u0161trukt\u00faru, platformov\u00e9 slu\u017eby, in\u00e9 cloudu a on-premise do jednej siete.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Aby bolo mo\u017en\u00e9 tieto \u00falohy vykon\u00e1va\u0165 dobre, je potrebn\u00e9 zabezpe\u010di\u0165 \u0161k\u00e1lovate\u013enos\u0165 a odolnos\u0165 vo\u010di chyb\u00e1m na \u00farovni vn\u00fatornej architekt\u00fary, \u010do VPC zabezpe\u010duje.<\/p>\n<p>Postupne VPC nadob\u00fada funkcie, realizujeme nov\u00e9 mo\u017enosti, sna\u017e\u00edme sa zlep\u0161ova\u0165 nie\u010do z poh\u013eadu pohodlia pre pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov. Niektor\u00e9 n\u00e1pady s\u00fa vysloven\u00e9 a dost\u00e1vaj\u00fa sa na prioritn\u00fd zoznam v\u010faka \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edkom na\u0161ej komunity.<\/p>\n<p>Teraz m\u00e1me pribli\u017ene tak\u00fdto zoznam pl\u00e1nov na najbli\u017e\u0161iu bud\u00facnos\u0165:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/vpn\/\">VPN<\/a> ako slu\u017eba.<\/li>\n<li>S\u00fakromn\u00e9 DNS in\u0161tancie \u2013 obrazy na r\u00fdchle nastavenie virtu\u00e1lnych strojov s predkonfigurovan\u00fdm DNS serverom.<\/li>\n<li>DNS ako slu\u017eba.<\/li>\n<li>Intern\u00fd vyva\u017eova\u010d za\u0165a\u017eenia.<\/li>\n<li>Pridanie \"bielej\" IP adresy bez potreby obnovovania virtu\u00e1lneho stroja.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Vyva\u017eova\u010d a mo\u017enos\u0165 prep\u00edna\u0165 IP adresu pre u\u017e vytvoren\u00fa virtu\u00e1lku sa dostali do tohto zoznamu na z\u00e1klade po\u017eiadaviek pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov. \u00daprimne poviem, keby nebolo jasnej sp\u00e4tnej v\u00e4zby, za\u010dali by sme s t\u00fdmito funkciami o nie\u010do nesk\u00f4r. Ale u\u017e pracujeme na \u00falohe t\u00fdkaj\u00facej sa adries.<\/p>\n<p>P\u00f4vodne mohla by\u0165 \"biela\" IP adresa pridan\u00e1 iba pri vytv\u00e1ran\u00ed stroja. Ak si pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013e na to zabudol, musel virtu\u00e1lny stroj znova vytvori\u0165. To ist\u00e9 platilo aj v pr\u00edpade, ak bolo potrebn\u00e9 odstr\u00e1ni\u0165 vonkaj\u0161iu IP. \u010coskoro bude mo\u017en\u00e9 zapn\u00fa\u0165 a vypn\u00fa\u0165 verejn\u00fa IP bez obnovovania stroja.<\/p>\n<p>Nebojte sa vyjadri\u0165 svoje <a href=\"https:\/\/cloud.yandex.ru\/features\" rel=\"nofollow\">n\u00e1pady a podpori\u0165 n\u00e1vrhy<\/a> in\u00fdch pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov. Pom\u00e1hate n\u00e1m zlep\u0161ova\u0165 Cloud a r\u00fdchlej\u0161ie z\u00edskavate d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 a u\u017eito\u010dn\u00e9 funkcie!<\/p>\n<p>Zdroj: <a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/yandex\/blog\/487694\/\">habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0442, \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f \u0437\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0442 \u041a\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044f \u041a\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043b\u0438\u0445, \u044f \u0432\u0435\u0434\u0443\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f Virtual Private Cloud \u0432 \u042f\u043d\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0441.\u041e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u043a\u0435. \u042f \u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u044e\u0441\u044c \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u044c\u044e, \u0438, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0434\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f, \u0432 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0436\u0443 \u043e\u0431 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) \u0432 \u0446\u0435\u043b\u043e\u043c \u0438 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438 \u0432 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438. \u0410 \u0435\u0449\u0451 \u0432\u044b \u0443\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0435, \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u043c\u044b, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0430, \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043c \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u044c \u043e\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439. \u041d\u043e \u043e\u0431\u043e [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":71609,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-71608","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.4 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0442, \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f \u0437\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0442 \u041a\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044f \u041a\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043b\u0438\u0445, \u044f \u0432\u0435\u0434\u0443\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a 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