{"id":75303,"date":"2020-03-25T07:42:19","date_gmt":"2020-03-25T05:42:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/administrirovanie\/vchera-bylo-nelzya-a-segodnya-nuzhno-kak-nachat-rabotat-udalenno-i-ne-stat-prichinoj-utechki"},"modified":"2020-03-25T07:42:19","modified_gmt":"2020-03-25T05:42:19","slug":"vchera-bylo-nelzya-a-segodnya-nuzhno-kak-nachat-rabotat-udalenno-i-ne-stat-prichinoj-utechki","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/blog\/administrirovanie\/vchera-bylo-nelzya-a-segodnya-nuzhno-kak-nachat-rabotat-udalenno-i-ne-stat-prichinoj-utechki","title":{"rendered":"V\u010dera to nebolo mo\u017en\u00e9, a dnes je to nevyhnutn\u00e9: ako za\u010da\u0165 pracova\u0165 na dia\u013eku a nest\u00e1va\u0165 sa pr\u00ed\u010dinou \u00faniku inform\u00e1ci\u00ed?","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Z min\u00faty na min\u00fatu sa pr\u00e1ca na dia\u013eku stala vyh\u013ead\u00e1van\u00fdm a potrebn\u00fdm form\u00e1tom. V\u0161etko kv\u00f4li COVID-19. Nov\u00e9 opatrenia na predch\u00e1dzanie n\u00e1kaze sa objavuj\u00fa ka\u017ed\u00fd de\u0148. V kancel\u00e1ri\u00e1ch meraj\u00fa teplotu, a niektor\u00e9 spolo\u010dnosti, vr\u00e1tane ve\u013ek\u00fdch, prech\u00e1dzaj\u00fa na pr\u00e1cu na dia\u013eku, aby zn\u00ed\u017eili straty z odst\u00e1vok a pr\u00e1ceneschopnosti. A v tomto zmysle m\u00e1 IT sektor, so svojimi sk\u00fasenos\u0165ami v pr\u00e1ci distribuovan\u00fdch t\u00edmov, v\u00fdhodu.<\/p>\n

My v NII SOKB sa u\u017e nieko\u013eko rokov zaober\u00e1me organizovan\u00edm vzdialen\u00e9ho pr\u00edstupu k firemn\u00fdm d\u00e1tam z mobiln\u00fdch zariaden\u00ed a vieme, \u017ee pr\u00e1ca na dia\u013eku nie je jednoduch\u00e1 z\u00e1le\u017eitos\u0165. Podrobne vysvetl\u00edme, ako na\u0161e rie\u0161enia pom\u00e1haj\u00fa bezpe\u010dne spravova\u0165 mobiln\u00e9 zariadenia zamestnancov a pre\u010do je to d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 pre pr\u00e1cu na dia\u013eku.
\n\"V\u010dera
\n<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

\u010co potrebuje zamestnanec na to, aby mohol pracova\u0165 na dia\u013eku?<\/h2>\n

\nTypick\u00fd s\u00fabor slu\u017eieb, ku ktor\u00fdm treba zabezpe\u010di\u0165 vzdialen\u00fd pr\u00edstup pre plnohodnotn\u00fa pr\u00e1cu, s\u00fa komunika\u010dn\u00e9 slu\u017eby (e-mail, messenger), webov\u00e9 zdroje (r\u00f4zne port\u00e1ly, ako service desk alebo syst\u00e9m riadenia projektov) a s\u00fabory (syst\u00e9my elektronick\u00e9ho obehu dokumentov, sledovania verzi\u00ed a pod.).<\/p>\n

Nem\u00f4\u017eeme sa spolieha\u0165 na to, \u017ee bezpe\u010dnostn\u00e9 hrozby si po\u010dkaj\u00fa, k\u00fdm sa poraz\u00edme s koronav\u00edrusom. Pri pr\u00e1ci na dia\u013eku existuj\u00fa svoje pravidl\u00e1 bezpe\u010dnosti, ktor\u00e9 je potrebn\u00e9 dodr\u017eiava\u0165 aj po\u010das pand\u00e9mie.<\/p>\n

D\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 obchodn\u00e9 inform\u00e1cie nemo\u017eno jednoducho posiela\u0165 na osobn\u00fd e-mail zamestnanca, aby ich mohol pokojne \u010d\u00edta\u0165 a spracov\u00e1va\u0165 na svojom osobnom smartf\u00f3ne. Smartf\u00f3n je mo\u017en\u00e9 strati\u0165, je mo\u017en\u00e9 na\u0148 nain\u0161talova\u0165 aplik\u00e1cie, ktor\u00e9 ukradn\u00fa inform\u00e1cie, a nakoniec, n\u00edm m\u00f4\u017eu manipulova\u0165 deti, ktor\u00e9 ostali doma kv\u00f4li tej istej pand\u00e9mii. \u010c\u00edm d\u00f4le\u017eitej\u0161ie s\u00fa \u00fadaje, s ktor\u00fdmi zamestnanec pracuje, t\u00fdm lep\u0161ie by sa mali chr\u00e1ni\u0165. A ochrana mobiln\u00fdch zariaden\u00ed by mala by\u0165 aspo\u0148 tak\u00e1 dobr\u00e1 ako ochrana stacion\u00e1rnych zariaden\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Pre\u010do je antiv\u00edrus a VPN nedostato\u010dn\u00e9?<\/h2>\n

\nPre stacion\u00e1rne pracovisk\u00e1 a prenosn\u00e9 po\u010d\u00edta\u010de so syst\u00e9mom Windows je in\u0161tal\u00e1cia antiv\u00edrusu opr\u00e1vnen\u00e1 a nevyhnutn\u00e1. Ale pre mobiln\u00e9 zariadenia to nie je v\u017edy pravda.<\/p>\n

Architekt\u00fara zariaden\u00ed Apple br\u00e1ni informa\u010dnej interakcii medzi aplik\u00e1ciami. To obmedzuje mo\u017en\u00e9 rozsahy d\u00f4sledkov infikovania softv\u00e9rom: ak sa vyu\u017e\u00edva zranite\u013enos\u0165 e-mailov\u00e9ho klienta, tak akcie nem\u00f4\u017eu presiahnu\u0165 tento e-mailov\u00fd klient. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 tento pr\u00edstup zni\u017euje efekt\u00edvnos\u0165 antiv\u00edrusov. Automatick\u00e9 skontrolovanie s\u00faboru, ktor\u00fd pri\u0161iel e-mailom, u\u017e nebude mo\u017en\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Na platforme Android maj\u00fa v\u00edrusy aj antiv\u00edrusy viac perspekt\u00edv. Ale op\u00e4\u0165 sa objavuje ot\u00e1zka efekt\u00edvnosti. Na in\u0161tal\u00e1ciu \u0161kodliv\u00e9ho softv\u00e9ru z obchodu s aplik\u00e1ciami bude potrebn\u00e9 ru\u010dne poskytn\u00fa\u0165 mno\u017estvo opr\u00e1vnen\u00ed. Pr\u00e1va pr\u00edstupu z\u00edskavaj\u00fa \u00fato\u010dn\u00edci len od t\u00fdch pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov, ktor\u00ed povolia aplik\u00e1ci\u00e1m v\u0161etko bez v\u00fdhrad. V praxi sta\u010d\u00ed zak\u00e1za\u0165 pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eom in\u0161tal\u00e1ciu aplik\u00e1ci\u00ed z nezn\u00e1mych zdrojov, aby \u201etabletky\u201c k bezplatne in\u0161talovan\u00fdm platen\u00fdm aplik\u00e1ci\u00e1m neza\u010dali \u201elie\u010di\u0165\u201c firemn\u00e9 tajomstv\u00e1 od d\u00f4vernosti. Ale toto opatrenie presahuje funkcionalitu antiv\u00edrusov a VPN<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Okrem toho, VPN a antiv\u00edrus nebud\u00fa m\u00f4c\u0165 sledova\u0165, ako sa spr\u00e1va pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013e. Logika nazna\u010duje, \u017ee na pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eskom zariaden\u00ed by mal by\u0165 nain\u0161talovan\u00fd minim\u00e1lne heslo (ako ochrana proti strate). Ale existencia hesla a jeho spo\u013eahlivos\u0165 z\u00e1vis\u00ed iba od uvedomelosti pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013ea, na ktor\u00fa nem\u00f4\u017ee spolo\u010dnos\u0165 nijako vpl\u00fdva\u0165.<\/p>\n

Samozrejme, existuj\u00fa administrat\u00edvne met\u00f3dy. Napr\u00edklad intern\u00e9 dokumenty, pod\u013ea ktor\u00fdch bud\u00fa zamestnanci nies\u0165 osobn\u00fa zodpovednos\u0165 za absenciu hesiel na zariadeniach, in\u0161tal\u00e1ciu aplik\u00e1ci\u00ed z ned\u00f4veryhodn\u00fdch zdrojov at\u010f. M\u00f4\u017eete dokonca prin\u00fati\u0165 v\u0161etk\u00fdch zamestnancov pred v\u00fdstupom na pr\u00e1cu na dia\u013eku podp\u00edsa\u0165 zmenen\u00fd pracovn\u00fd poriadok, ktor\u00fd obsahuje tieto body. Ale pozrime sa pravde do o\u010d\u00ed: spolo\u010dnos\u0165 nebude schopn\u00e1 skontrolova\u0165, ako sa tento poriadok vykon\u00e1va v praxi. Bude zamestnan\u00e1 n\u00fadzov\u00fdm prestavovan\u00edm hlavn\u00fdch procesov, zatia\u013e \u010do zamestnanci, napriek zaveden\u00fdm politik\u00e1m, bud\u00fa kop\u00edrova\u0165 d\u00f4vern\u00e9 dokumenty na osobn\u00fd Google Disk a poskytova\u0165 k nim pr\u00edstup cez odkaz, preto\u017ee je to pohodlnej\u0161ie na spolupr\u00e1cu na dokumente.<\/p>\n

Pr\u00e1ca z domu, ktor\u00e1 pri\u0161la ne\u010dakane, je testom odolnosti firmy.<\/p>\n

\"V\u010dera
\n<\/p>\n

Spr\u00e1va firemnej mobility<\/h2>\n

\nZ poh\u013eadu informa\u010dnej bezpe\u010dnosti s\u00fa mobiln\u00e9 zariadenia hrozbou a potenci\u00e1lnou slabinou bezpe\u010dnostn\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu. Rie\u0161enia triedy EMM (spr\u00e1va firemnej mobility) by mali t\u00fato slabinu uzavrie\u0165.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Spr\u00e1va firemnej mobility (EMM) zah\u0155\u0148a funkcie spr\u00e1vy zariaden\u00ed (MDM, spr\u00e1va mobiln\u00fdch zariaden\u00ed), spr\u00e1vy aplik\u00e1ci\u00ed (MAM, spr\u00e1va mobiln\u00fdch aplik\u00e1ci\u00ed) a spr\u00e1vy obsahu (MCM, spr\u00e1va mobiln\u00e9ho obsahu).<\/p>\n

MDM je nevyhnutnou \"mrkvi\u010dkou\". S pomocou funkci\u00ed MDM m\u00f4\u017ee administr\u00e1tor vymaza\u0165 alebo zablokova\u0165 zariadenie, ak sa stratilo, nastavi\u0165 bezpe\u010dnostn\u00e9 politiky: po\u017eiadavka a zlo\u017eitost hesla, z\u00e1kaz ladic\u00edch funkci\u00ed, in\u0161tal\u00e1cia aplik\u00e1ci\u00ed z apk at\u010f. Tieto z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 mo\u017enosti s\u00fa podporovan\u00e9 na mobiln\u00fdch zariadeniach v\u0161etk\u00fdch v\u00fdrobcov a platforiem. Presnej\u0161ie nastavenia, ako zak\u00e1zanie in\u0161tal\u00e1cie vlastn\u00fdch recovery, s\u00fa k dispoz\u00edcii iba na zariadeniach od konkr\u00e9tnych v\u00fdrobcov.<\/p>\n

MAM a MCM s\u00fa \"cukr\u00edky\" v podobe aplik\u00e1ci\u00ed a slu\u017eieb, ku ktor\u00fdm poskytuj\u00fa pr\u00edstup. Po zabezpe\u010den\u00ed dostato\u010dnej \u00farovne bezpe\u010dnosti MDM je mo\u017en\u00e9 poskytn\u00fa\u0165 chr\u00e1nen\u00fd vzdialen\u00fd pr\u00edstup k firemn\u00fdm zdrojom pomocou aplik\u00e1ci\u00ed nain\u0161talovan\u00fdch na mobiln\u00fdch zariadeniach.<\/p>\n

Na prv\u00fd poh\u013ead sa zd\u00e1, \u017ee spr\u00e1va aplik\u00e1ci\u00ed je \u010disto IT \u00faloha, ktor\u00e1 sa redukuje na z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 oper\u00e1cie ako \"nain\u0161talova\u0165 aplik\u00e1ciu, nastavi\u0165 aplik\u00e1ciu, aktualizova\u0165 aplik\u00e1ciu na nov\u00fa verziu alebo vr\u00e1ti\u0165 ju sp\u00e4\u0165 na predch\u00e1dzaj\u00facu\". V skuto\u010dnosti sa tu bez zabezpe\u010denia tie\u017e nezaob\u00eddeme. Je potrebn\u00e9 nielen nain\u0161talova\u0165 a nastavi\u0165 potrebn\u00e9 aplik\u00e1cie na zariadeniach, ale aj zabezpe\u010di\u0165 firemn\u00e9 \u00fadaje pred ich pren\u00e1\u0161an\u00edm do osobn\u00e9ho Dropboxu alebo Yandex.Disku.<\/p>\n

\"V\u010dera
\n
\nAby sa oddelila firemn\u00e1 a osobn\u00e1 sf\u00e9ra, modern\u00e9 EMM syst\u00e9my pon\u00fakaj\u00fa vytvorenie kontajnera pre firemn\u00e9 aplik\u00e1cie a \u00fadaje na zariaden\u00ed. Pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013e nem\u00f4\u017ee neopr\u00e1vnene prenies\u0165 \u00fadaje z kontajnera, preto slu\u017eba bezpe\u010dnosti nemus\u00ed zakazova\u0165 \"osobn\u00e9\" vyu\u017e\u00edvanie mobiln\u00e9ho zariadenia. Pre biznis je to naopak v\u00fdhodn\u00e9. \u010c\u00edm viac sa pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013e orientuje vo svojom zariaden\u00ed, t\u00fdm efekt\u00edvnej\u0161ie vyu\u017eije pracovn\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje.<\/p>\n

Vr\u00e1\u0165me sa k IT \u00faloh\u00e1m. Existuj\u00fa dve \u00falohy, ktor\u00e9 nemo\u017eno vyrie\u0161i\u0165 bez EMM: n\u00e1vrat k predch\u00e1dzaj\u00facej verzii aplik\u00e1cie a jej vzdialen\u00e9 nastavenie. N\u00e1vrat je potrebn\u00fd vtedy, ke\u010f nov\u00e1 verzia aplik\u00e1cie nevyhovuje pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eom \u2014 obsahuje z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 chyby alebo je jednoducho nepohodln\u00e1. V pr\u00edpade aplik\u00e1ci\u00ed v Google Play a App Store nie je n\u00e1vrat mo\u017en\u00fd \u2014 v obchode je v\u017edy dostupn\u00e1 iba najnov\u0161ia verzia aplik\u00e1cie. Pri akt\u00edvnom vn\u00fatropodnikovom v\u00fdvoji m\u00f4\u017eu verzie vych\u00e1dza\u0165 takmer ka\u017ed\u00fd de\u0148, a nie v\u0161etky z nich s\u00fa stabiln\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Vzdialen\u00e9 nastavenie aplik\u00e1ci\u00ed je mo\u017en\u00e9 realizova\u0165 aj bez EMM. Napr\u00edklad vytv\u00e1ra\u0165 r\u00f4zne zostavy aplik\u00e1cie pre r\u00f4zne adresy serverov alebo ulo\u017ei\u0165 s\u00fabor s nastaveniami do verejnej pam\u00e4te telef\u00f3nu, aby sa dal nesk\u00f4r meni\u0165 manu\u00e1lne. To sa s\u00edce vyskytuje, ale \u0165a\u017eko to mo\u017eno nazva\u0165 najlep\u0161\u00edmi praktikami. Na druhej strane, Apple a Google pon\u00fakaj\u00fa \u0161tandardizovan\u00e9 pr\u00edstupy k rie\u0161eniu tejto \u00falohy. V\u00fdvoj\u00e1rovi sta\u010d\u00ed raz integrova\u0165 potrebn\u00fd mechanizmus a aplik\u00e1cia sa bude m\u00f4c\u0165 nastavi\u0165 na ak\u00fdko\u013evek EMM.<\/p>\n

K\u00fapili sme si zoologick\u00fa z\u00e1hradu!<\/h2>\n

\nNie v\u0161etky scen\u00e1re vyu\u017e\u00edvania mobiln\u00fdch zariaden\u00ed s\u00fa rovnako prospe\u0161n\u00e9. R\u00f4zne kateg\u00f3rie pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov maj\u00fa r\u00f4zne \u00falohy a je potrebn\u00e9 ich rie\u0161i\u0165 r\u00f4znymi sp\u00f4sobmi. V\u00fdvoj\u00e1rovi a finan\u010dn\u00edkovi s\u00fa potrebn\u00e9 \u0161pecifick\u00e9 sady aplik\u00e1ci\u00ed a mo\u017eno aj sady bezpe\u010dnostn\u00fdch polit\u00edk kv\u00f4li r\u00f4znej d\u00f4veryhodnosti \u00fadajov, s ktor\u00fdmi pracuj\u00fa.<\/p>\n

Nie v\u017edy sa dar\u00ed obmedzi\u0165 po\u010det modelov a v\u00fdrobcov mobiln\u00fdch zariaden\u00ed. Na jednej strane sa ukazuje, \u017ee je lacnej\u0161ie nastavi\u0165 firemn\u00fa normu pre mobiln\u00e9 zariadenia, ne\u017e sa zaobera\u0165 rozdielmi medzi Androidmi r\u00f4znych v\u00fdrobcov a \u0161pecifikami zobrazenia mobiln\u00e9ho UI na obrazovk\u00e1ch r\u00f4znych uhloprie\u010dok. Na druhej strane, n\u00e1kup firemn\u00fdch zariaden\u00ed v podmienkach pand\u00e9mie je komplikovan\u00fd a spolo\u010dnosti musia povoli\u0165 pou\u017e\u00edvanie osobn\u00fdch zariaden\u00ed. Situ\u00e1cia v Rusku je navy\u0161e zhor\u0161en\u00e1 existenciou n\u00e1rodn\u00fdch mobiln\u00fdch platforiem, ktor\u00e9 nie s\u00fa podporovan\u00e9 z\u00e1padn\u00fdmi EMM rie\u0161eniami.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Toto \u010dasto vedie k tomu, \u017ee namiesto jedn\u00e9ho centralizovan\u00e9ho rie\u0161enia pre riadenie firemnej mobility sa vyu\u017e\u00edva r\u00f4znorod\u00fd s\u00fabor syst\u00e9mov EMM, MDM a MAM, z ktor\u00fdch ka\u017ed\u00fd je spravovan\u00fd vlastn\u00fdm person\u00e1lom pod\u013ea unik\u00e1tnych pokynov.<\/p>\n

Ak\u00e9 s\u00fa \u0161pecifik\u00e1 v Rusku?<\/h2>\n

\nV Rusku, ako aj v akejko\u013evek inej krajine, existuje n\u00e1rodn\u00e1 legislat\u00edva o ochrane \u00fadajov, ktor\u00e1 sa nemen\u00ed v z\u00e1vislosti od epidemiologickej situ\u00e1cie. Tak\u017ee v \u0161t\u00e1tnych informa\u010dn\u00fdch syst\u00e9moch (GIS) musia by\u0165 aplikovan\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnostn\u00e9 opatrenia certifikovan\u00e9 pod\u013ea bezpe\u010dnostn\u00fdch po\u017eiadaviek. Aby sa splnilo toto po\u017eiadavky, zariadenia, ktor\u00e9 acceder k \u00fadajom GIS, musia by\u0165 riaden\u00e9 pomocou certifikovan\u00fdch EMM rie\u0161en\u00ed, medzi ktor\u00e9 patr\u00ed n\u00e1\u0161 produkt SafePhone.<\/p>\n

\"V\u010dera
\n<\/p>\n

Dlh\u00e9 a nejasn\u00e9? V skuto\u010dnosti nie.<\/h2>\n

\nN\u00e1stroje na \u00farovni podniku, ako EMM, s\u00fa \u010dasto sp\u00e1jan\u00e9 s pomal\u00fdm zav\u00e1dzan\u00edm a dlh\u00fdm predprojektov\u00fdm pl\u00e1novan\u00edm. Teraz na to jednoducho nie je \u010das \u2014 obmedzenia kv\u00f4li v\u00edrusu sa zav\u00e1dzaj\u00fa r\u00fdchlo, tak\u017ee nie je \u010das na prechod na pr\u00e1cu z domu.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Na na\u0161ich sk\u00fasenostiach, ke\u010f\u017ee sme realizovali mnoho projektov zav\u00e1dzania SafePhone v spolo\u010dnostiach r\u00f4znych ve\u013ekost\u00ed, aj pri lok\u00e1lnom nasaden\u00ed mo\u017eno rie\u0161enie spusti\u0165 za t\u00fd\u017ede\u0148 (nepo\u010d\u00edtaj\u00fac \u010das na schv\u00e1lenie a podpis zml\u00fav). Be\u017en\u00ed zamestnanci bud\u00fa m\u00f4c\u0165 pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 syst\u00e9m u\u017e za 1\u20132 dni po zaveden\u00ed. \u00c1no, na flexibiln\u00e9 nastavenie produktu je potrebn\u00e9 vy\u0161kolenie administr\u00e1torov, ale \u0161kolenie sa m\u00f4\u017ee uskuto\u010dni\u0165 aj s\u00fa\u010dasne so za\u010diatkom prev\u00e1dzky syst\u00e9mu.<\/p>\n

Aby sme nestra\u010dili \u010das na in\u0161tal\u00e1ciu v infra\u0161trukt\u00fare z\u00e1kazn\u00edka, pon\u00fakame na\u0161im z\u00e1kazn\u00edkom cloudov\u00fd SaaS servis na vzdialen\u00e9 riadenie mobiln\u00fdch zariaden\u00ed pomocou SafePhone. Predstavujeme tento servis z vlastn\u00e9ho d\u00e1tov\u00e9ho centra, ktor\u00e9 je certifikovan\u00e9 pod\u013ea maxim\u00e1lnych po\u017eiadaviek na GIS a informa\u010dn\u00e9 syst\u00e9my na ochranu osobn\u00fdch \u00fadajov.<\/p>\n

Ako pr\u00edspevok v boji proti koronav\u00edrusom, NII SOKB bezplatne prip\u00e1ja mal\u00e9 a stredn\u00e9 podniky k serveru SafePhone<\/a><\/noindex> na zabezpe\u010denie bezpe\u010dnej pr\u00e1ce zamestnancov pracuj\u00facich na dia\u013eku.
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Zdroj: habr.com<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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