{"id":76388,"date":"2020-04-02T01:43:05","date_gmt":"2020-04-01T23:43:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/administrirovanie\/devops-chto-eto-zachem-i-naskolko-vostrebovano"},"modified":"2020-04-02T01:43:05","modified_gmt":"2020-04-01T23:43:05","slug":"devops-chto-eto-zachem-i-naskolko-vostrebovano","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/blog\/administrirovanie\/devops-chto-eto-zachem-i-naskolko-vostrebovano","title":{"rendered":"DevOps \u2014 \u010do to je, na \u010do je dobr\u00e9 a ako je \u017eiadan\u00e9?","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"DevOps \u2014 \u010do to je, na \u010do je dobr\u00e9 a ako je \u017eiadan\u00e9?\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/19ffb8288c6e460557722ccb688b1fe3.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nPred nieko\u013ek\u00fdmi rokmi sa v IT objavila nov\u00e1 \u0161pecializ\u00e1cia DevOps in\u017einier. R\u00fdchlo sa stala jednou z najob\u013e\u00fabenej\u0161\u00edch a naj\u017eiadanej\u0161\u00edch na trhu. Ale paradox \u2014 \u010diasto\u010dne sa popularita DevOps vysvet\u013euje t\u00fdm, \u017ee firmy, ktor\u00e9 tak\u00e9to odborn\u00edky zamestn\u00e1vaj\u00fa, ich \u010dasto zamie\u0148aj\u00fa s reprezentantmi in\u00fdch profesi\u00ed.\u00a0<br \/>\n\u00a0<br \/>\nTento \u010dl\u00e1nok je venovan\u00fd rozboru nu\u00e1ns profesie DevOps, aktu\u00e1lnemu stavu na trhu a perspekt\u00edvam. V tejto zlo\u017eitej ot\u00e1zke n\u00e1m pomohol dek\u00e1n <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/geekbrains.ru\/geek_university\/devops?utm_source=habr&amp;utm_medium=article&amp;utm_campaign=habr-career\">fakulty DevOps na GeekBrains<\/a><\/noindex> v online univerzite GeekUniversity Dmitrija Burkovsk\u00e9ho.<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h2>\u010co je to vlastne DevOps?<\/h2>\n<p>\nS\u00e1m term\u00edn sa roz\u0161ifruje ako Development Operations. Nie je to len \u0161pecializ\u00e1cia, je to pr\u00edstup k organiz\u00e1cii pr\u00e1ce v strednej alebo ve\u013ekej firme pri pr\u00edprave produktu alebo slu\u017eby. Faktom je, \u017ee pri pr\u00edprave sa podie\u013eaj\u00fa r\u00f4zne oddelenia jednej firmy a ich \u010dinnosti nie s\u00fa v\u017edy dobre koordinovan\u00e9.\u00a0<br \/>\n\u00a0<br \/>\nV\u00fdvoj\u00e1ri, napr\u00edklad, nie v\u017edy vedia, ak\u00e9 probl\u00e9my sa vyskytuj\u00fa u pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov, ktor\u00ed pracuj\u00fa s vydan\u00fdm programom alebo slu\u017ebou. Technick\u00e1 podpora \u2014 m\u00e1 v\u0161etko dobre zmapovan\u00e9, ale nemus\u00ed by\u0165 obozn\u00e1men\u00e1 s t\u00fdm, \u010do sa deje \u201evn\u00fatri\u201c softv\u00e9ru. A tu prich\u00e1dza na pomoc DevOps in\u017einier, ktor\u00fd pom\u00e1ha koordinova\u0165 proces v\u00fdvoja, podporuje automatiz\u00e1ciu procesov a zlep\u0161uje ich transparentnos\u0165.\u00a0<br \/>\n\u00a0<br \/>\nKoncept DevOps sp\u00e1ja \u013eud\u00ed, procesy a n\u00e1stroje.\u00a0<br \/>\n\u00a0<\/p>\n<h2>\u010co by mal vedie\u0165 a vedie\u0165 DevOps in\u017einier?<\/h2>\n<p>\nPod\u013ea jedn\u00e9ho z najzn\u00e1mej\u0161\u00edch z\u00e1stancov konceptu DevOps, Joa Sancheza, by mal profesion\u00e1l dobre rozumie\u0165 nu\u00e1ns\u00e1m samotn\u00e9ho konceptu, ma\u0165 sk\u00fasenosti s administr\u00e1ciou ako Windows, tak aj Linux syst\u00e9mov, rozumie\u0165 programov\u00e9mu k\u00f3du nap\u00edsan\u00e9mu v r\u00f4znych programovac\u00edch jazykoch, pracova\u0165 s Chef, Puppet, Ansible. Je jasn\u00e9, \u017ee na anal\u00fdzu k\u00f3du treba pozna\u0165 nieko\u013eko programovac\u00edch jazykov, a to nielen vedie\u0165, ale aj ma\u0165 sk\u00fasenosti s v\u00fdvojom. A e\u0161te ve\u013emi \u017eiaduci je z\u00e1\u017eitok z testovania hotov\u00fdch softv\u00e9rov\u00fdch produktov a slu\u017eieb.\u00a0<br \/>\n\u00a0<br \/>\nAle ide\u00e1lne to nie je, tak\u00e1 \u00farove\u0148 sk\u00fasenost\u00ed a znalost\u00ed sa nen\u00e1jde \u010faleko u ka\u017ed\u00e9ho z\u00e1stupcu IT sf\u00e9ry. Tu je s\u00fabor minim\u00e1lne potrebn\u00fdch pre dobr\u00e9ho DevOps vedomost\u00ed a sk\u00fasenost\u00ed:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>OS GNU\/Linux, Windows.<\/li>\n<li>Aspo\u0148 jeden programovac\u00ed jazyk (Python, Go, Ruby).<\/li>\n<li>Jazyk skriptovania pr\u00edkazov\u00e9ho riadku \u2014 bash pri pr\u00e1ci s Linuxom a powershell v pr\u00edpade Windows.<\/li>\n<li>Syst\u00e9m spr\u00e1vy verz\u00ed \u2014 Git.<\/li>\n<li>Syst\u00e9my spr\u00e1vy konfigur\u00e1cie (Ansible, Puppet, Chef).<\/li>\n<li>Aspo\u0148 jedna z platforiem na orchestr\u00e1ciu kontajnerov (Kubernetes, Docker Swarm, Apache Mesos, Amazon EC2 Container Service, Microsoft Azure Container Service).<\/li>\n<li>Schopnos\u0165 pracova\u0165 s cloudov\u00fdmi poskytovate\u013emi (napr\u00edklad: AWS, GCP, Azure a \u010fal\u0161\u00ed) pomocou Terraform, vedie\u0165, ako sa aplik\u00e1cia nasadzuje do cloudu.<\/li>\n<li>Schopnos\u0165 nastavova\u0165 CI\/CD pipeline (Jenkins, GitLab), ELK stack, monitorovacie syst\u00e9my (Zabbix, Prometheus).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nTu je zoznam zru\u010dnost\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 naj\u010dastej\u0161ie uv\u00e1dzaj\u00fa odborn\u00edci na DevOps na Habr Kari\u00e9re.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"DevOps \u2014 \u010do to je, na \u010do je dobr\u00e9 a ako je \u017eiadan\u00e9?\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/0ca363834042a764dc4a529439eeb084.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n\u00a0<br \/>\nOkrem toho mus\u00ed DevOps \u0161pecialista rozumie\u0165 potreb\u00e1m a po\u017eiadavk\u00e1m podnikania, vidie\u0165 jeho \u00falohu v procese v\u00fdvoja a vedie\u0165 budova\u0165 proces s oh\u013eadom na z\u00e1ujmy z\u00e1kazn\u00edka.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h2>A \u010do s prahom vstupu?<\/h2>\n<p>\nZoznam znalost\u00ed a sk\u00fasenost\u00ed nebol podan\u00fd n\u00e1hodou. Teraz je jednoduch\u0161ie pochopi\u0165, kto m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 devops \u0161pecialistom. Zis\u0165ujeme, \u017ee pre in\u00fdch IT \u0161pecialistov, najm\u00e4 pre syst\u00e9mov\u00fdch administratorov a v\u00fdvoj\u00e1rov, je najjednoduch\u0161ie prejs\u0165 do tejto profesie. Obe skupiny m\u00f4\u017eu r\u00fdchlo z\u00edska\u0165 potrebn\u00e9 sk\u00fasenosti a znalosti. Polovica potrebn\u00e9ho s\u00faboru zru\u010dnost\u00ed u\u017e existuje, a niekedy aj viac ako polovica.<br \/>\n\u00a0<br \/>\nA tie\u017e v\u00fdborn\u00ed DevOps in\u017einieri vznikaj\u00fa z testova\u010dov. Vedia, \u010do a ako funguje, s\u00fa si vedom\u00ed nedostatkov a nedorobkov softv\u00e9ru a 'hardv\u00e9ru'. M\u00f4\u017eeme poveda\u0165, \u017ee testova\u010d, ktor\u00fd pozn\u00e1 programovacie jazyky a dok\u00e1\u017ee p\u00edsa\u0165 programy \u2014 je takmer DevOps.<br \/>\n\u00a0<br \/>\nAle reprezentant netechnick\u00e9ho odboru, ktor\u00fd sa nikdy nezaoberal ani v\u00fdvojom, ani syst\u00e9mov\u00fdm administrat\u00edvu, to bude ma\u0165 \u0165a\u017ek\u00e9. Samozrejme, ni\u010d nie je nemo\u017en\u00e9, ale nov\u00e1\u010dikovia by mali realisticky pos\u00fadi\u0165 svoje sily. Na nadobudnutie potrebn\u00e9ho 'z\u00e1kladu' bude potrebn\u00e9 dos\u0165 \u010dasu.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h2>Kde sa m\u00f4\u017ee DevOps zamestna\u0165?<\/h2>\n<p>\nVo ve\u013ekej spolo\u010dnosti, ktorej pr\u00e1ca je priamo alebo nepriamo spojen\u00e1 s v\u00fdvojom aplik\u00e1ci\u00ed a spr\u00e1vou 'hardv\u00e9ru'. Maxim\u00e1lny nedostatok odborn\u00edkov na DevOps je u spolo\u010dnost\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 poskytuj\u00fa ve\u013ek\u00e9 mno\u017estvo slu\u017eieb koncov\u00fdm z\u00e1kazn\u00edkom. To s\u00fa banky, telekomunika\u010dn\u00ed oper\u00e1tori, najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00ed internetov\u00ed poskytovatelia a pod. Medzi spolo\u010dnosti, ktor\u00e9 akt\u00edvne zamestn\u00e1vaj\u00fa DevOps in\u017einierov, patr\u00ed Google, Facebook, Amazon, Adobe.<br \/>\n\u00a0<br \/>\nDevOps sa zav\u00e1dzaj\u00fa aj na startupy a mal\u00e9 podniky, no pre mnoh\u00e9 z t\u00fdchto spolo\u010dnost\u00ed je prij\u00edmanie DevOps in\u017einierov sk\u00f4r trendom ako re\u00e1lnou potrebou. Samozrejme, existuj\u00fa aj v\u00fdnimky, ale nie je ich ve\u013ea. Mal\u00e9 firmy potrebuj\u00fa sk\u00f4r \"aj \u0161evca, aj \u017eenca, aj hr\u00e1\u010da na dudy\", teda \u010dloveka, ktor\u00fd je schopn\u00fd pracova\u0165 v r\u00f4znych oblastiach. Dobr\u00fd CTO dok\u00e1\u017ee zvl\u00e1dnu\u0165 v\u0161etko toto. Ide o to, \u017ee pre mal\u00fd biznis je d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e1 r\u00fdchlos\u0165 pr\u00e1ce, optimaliz\u00e1cia pracovn\u00fdch procesov je kritick\u00e1 pre stredn\u00e9 a ve\u013ek\u00e9 podniky.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Tu je zop\u00e1r inzer\u00e1tov (nov\u00e9 m\u00f4\u017eete sledova\u0165 na Habr Kari\u00e9re pod\u013ea <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/career.habr.com\/vacancies?q=devops&amp;divisions%5B%5D=administration\">tento odkaz<\/a><\/noindex>):<\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/career.habr.com\/vacancies?q=devops&amp;divisions%5B%5D=administration&amp;_ga=2.50919593.1499110322.1585571680-1463635512.1578641637&amp;type=all\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"DevOps \u2014 \u010do to je, na \u010do je dobr\u00e9 a ako je \u017eiadan\u00e9?\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/297616b1f15ebf78758ee10e0e6aa3c5.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\n\u00a0<\/p>\n<h2>Plat DevOps v Rusku a vo svete<\/h2>\n<p>\nV Rusku je priemern\u00fd plat DevOps in\u017einiera pribli\u017ene 132 tis\u00edc rub\u013eov mesa\u010dne. To s\u00fa v\u00fdpo\u010dty platov\u00e9ho kalkul\u00e1tora slu\u017eby Habr Kari\u00e9ra, vykonan\u00e9 na z\u00e1klade 170 dotazn\u00edkov za 2. polrok 2020. \u00c1no, vzorka nie je a\u017e tak\u00e1 ve\u013ek\u00e1, ale ako \u201epriemern\u00e1 teplota v nemocnici\u201c celkom vyhovuje.\u00a0<br \/>\n\u00a0<br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/career.habr.com\/salaries?utf8=%E2%9C%93&amp;p=192&amp;sg=3&amp;s=22&amp;q=&amp;skills%5B%5D=&amp;skills%5B%5D=&amp;skills%5B%5D=&amp;employment_type=&amp;remote=&amp;company_id=\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"DevOps \u2014 \u010do to je, na \u010do je dobr\u00e9 a ako je \u017eiadan\u00e9?\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/bfd7553a716300ae30835551263aad4a.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\nS\u00fa aj platy vo v\u00fd\u0161ke 250 tis\u00edc rub\u013eov, s\u00fa okolo 80 tis\u00edc a tro\u0161ku ni\u017e\u0161ie. V\u0161etko z\u00e1vis\u00ed od spolo\u010dnosti, kvalifik\u00e1cie a samotn\u00e9ho \u0161pecialistu, samozrejme.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/career.habr.com\/user_graphs\/364\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"DevOps \u2014 \u010do to je, na \u010do je dobr\u00e9 a ako je \u017eiadan\u00e9?\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/0c1d5ecc217c7704ef000bf616a54524.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\n\u010co sa t\u00fdka in\u00fdch kraj\u00edn, aj \u0161tatistika platov je zn\u00e1ma. Dobr\u00fa pr\u00e1cu vykonali odborn\u00edci Stack Overflow, ktor\u00ed analyzovali dotazn\u00edky pribli\u017ene 90 tis\u00edc \u013eud\u00ed \u2014 nielen DevOps, ale aj v\u00f4bec z\u00e1stupcov technick\u00fdch odborov. Uk\u00e1zalo sa, \u017ee Engineering Manager a pr\u00e1ve DevOps dost\u00e1vaj\u00fa najvy\u0161\u0161ie platy.\u00a0<br \/>\n\u00a0<br \/>\nDevOps in\u017einier ro\u010dne zar\u00e1ba okolo 71 tis\u00edc dol\u00e1rov. Pod\u013ea \u00fadajov zo str\u00e1nky Ziprecruiter.com plat profesion\u00e1la v tejto oblasti za\u010d\u00edna od 86 tis\u00edc dol\u00e1rov ro\u010dne. A slu\u017eba Payscale.com ukazuje dokonca pr\u00edjemn\u00e9 \u010d\u00edsla \u2014 priemern\u00fd plat DevOps \u0161pecialistu, pod\u013ea \u00fadajov tejto slu\u017eby, presahuje 91 tis\u00edc dol\u00e1rov. A to je plat juniorsk\u00e9ho \u0161pecialistu, star\u0161\u00ed m\u00f4\u017ee zar\u00e1ba\u0165 135 tis\u00edc.\u00a0<br \/>\n\u00a0<br \/>\nNa z\u00e1ver by sa dalo poveda\u0165, \u017ee dopyt po DevOps postupne rastie, ponuka \u0161pecialistov ak\u00e9hoko\u013evek stup\u0148a prevy\u0161uje dopyt. Tak\u017ee ak m\u00e1te z\u00e1ujem \u2014 m\u00f4\u017eete si to v tejto oblasti vysk\u00fa\u0161a\u0165. Pravda, treba pam\u00e4ta\u0165, \u017ee len z\u00e1ujem nesta\u010d\u00ed. Je potrebn\u00e9 sa neust\u00e1le rozv\u00edja\u0165, u\u010di\u0165 a pracova\u0165.<br \/>\n<br \/>Zdroj: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/habr_career\/blog\/494940\/\">habr.com<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043b\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0434 \u0432 IT \u043f\u043e\u044f\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u00a0 DevOps-\u0438\u043d\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440. \u041e\u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044c \u0431\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u0437 \u043d\u0430\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438 \u0432\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043d\u0430 \u0440\u044b\u043d\u043a\u0435. \u041d\u043e \u0432\u043e\u0442 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0434\u043e\u043a\u0441 \u2014 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c DevOps \u043e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0441\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0442\u0435\u043c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438, \u043d\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432, \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0443\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0438\u0445 \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0439.\u00a0 \u00a0 \u042d\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0432\u044f\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0443 \u043d\u044e\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043e\u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0438 DevOps, \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043c \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0440\u044b\u043d\u043a\u0435 \u0438 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":76389,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-76388","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043b\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0434 \u0432 IT \u043f\u043e\u044f\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f.\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Yuri Gagarin\"\/>\n\t<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/blog\/administrirovanie\/devops-chto-eto-zachem-i-naskolko-vostrebovano\" \/>\n\t\t<meta name=\"generator\" content=\"All in One SEO (AIOSEO) 5.0.3\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sk_SK\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"ProHoster | \u041a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442 DDoS, VPS VDS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\ud83e\udd47DevOps \u2014 \u0447\u0442\u043e \u044d\u0442\u043e, \u0437\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043c, \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0432\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043e? 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