{"id":80184,"date":"2020-05-04T07:42:02","date_gmt":"2020-05-04T05:42:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/vyyavlena-nesovmestimost-smr-diskov-wd-s-zfs-kotoraya-mozhet-privesti-k-potere-dannyh"},"modified":"2020-05-04T07:42:02","modified_gmt":"2020-05-04T05:42:02","slug":"vyyavlena-nesovmestimost-smr-diskov-wd-s-zfs-kotoraya-mozhet-privesti-k-potere-dannyh","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/blog\/news\/vyyavlena-nesovmestimost-smr-diskov-wd-s-zfs-kotoraya-mozhet-privesti-k-potere-dannyh","title":{"rendered":"Bola zisten\u00e1 nekompatibilita SMR diskov WD so ZFS, ktor\u00e1 m\u00f4\u017ee vies\u0165 k strate \u00fadajov.","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Spolo\u010dnos\u0165 iXsystems, vyv\u00edjaj\u00faca projekt FreeNAS, varovala<\/a><\/noindex> o v\u00e1\u017enych probl\u00e9moch s kompatibilitou ZFS s niektor\u00fdmi nov\u00fdmi pevn\u00fdmi diskami WD Red, ktor\u00e9 vyr\u00e1ba spolo\u010dnos\u0165 Western Digital s pou\u017eit\u00edm technol\u00f3gie SMR (Shingled Magnetic Recording, \u0161ind\u013eov\u00e1 magnetick\u00e1 z\u00e1pis). V najhor\u0161om scen\u00e1ri m\u00f4\u017ee pou\u017e\u00edvanie ZFS na problematick\u00fdch \u00falo\u017eisk\u00e1ch vies\u0165 k strate \u00fadajov. <\/p>\n

Probl\u00e9my sa vyskytuj\u00fa s diskami WD Red s kapacitou od 2 do 6 TB, vyr\u00e1ban\u00fdmi od roku 2018, ktor\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa pri z\u00e1pise technol\u00f3giu DM-SMR<\/a><\/noindex> (Device-Managed Shingled Magnetic Recording) a s\u00fa ozna\u010dovan\u00e9<\/a><\/noindex> zna\u010dkou EFAX (pre CMR disky sa pou\u017e\u00edva identifik\u00e1tor EFRX). Spolo\u010dnos\u0165 Western Digital uviedla<\/a><\/noindex> vo svojom blogu, \u017ee SMR \u00falo\u017eisk\u00e1 WD Red s\u00fa ur\u010den\u00e9 na pou\u017eitie v NAS pre dom\u00e1cnosti a mal\u00e9 podniky, kde je in\u0161talovan\u00fdch maxim\u00e1lne 8 \u00falo\u017en\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a doch\u00e1dza k za\u0165a\u017eeniu na \u00farovni 180 TB ro\u010dne, typick\u00e9mu pre z\u00e1lohovanie a zdie\u013eanie s\u00faborov. Predch\u00e1dzaj\u00faca gener\u00e1cia \u00falo\u017e\u00edsk WD Red a modely WD Red s kapacitou nad 8 TB, ako aj disky zo s\u00e9ri\u00ed WD Red Pro, WD Gold a WD Ultrastar, s\u00fa na\u010falej vyr\u00e1ban\u00e9 na z\u00e1klade technol\u00f3gie CMR (Conventional Magnetic Recording) a ich pou\u017e\u00edvanie nevyvol\u00e1va probl\u00e9my so ZFS.<\/p>\n

Podstata technol\u00f3gie SMR spo\u010d\u00edva v pou\u017eit\u00ed magnetickej hlavy, ktorej \u0161\u00edrka presahuje \u0161\u00edrku stopy, \u010do vedie k z\u00e1pisu s \u010diasto\u010dn\u00fdm prekryt\u00edm susednej stopy, t.j. ak\u00e1ko\u013evek prepisovanie si vy\u017eaduje prepisovanie celej skupiny st\u00f4p. Na optimaliz\u00e1ciu pr\u00e1ce s tak\u00fdmito \u00falo\u017eiskami sa pou\u017e\u00edva z\u00f3novanie<\/a><\/noindex> \u2014 skladovac\u00ed priestor je rozdelen\u00fd na z\u00f3ny, ktor\u00e9 tvoria skupiny blokov alebo sektorov, do ktor\u00fdch je dovolen\u00e9 iba sekven\u010dn\u00e9 prid\u00e1vanie \u00fadajov s \u00faplnou aktualiz\u00e1ciou celej skupiny blokov. Vo v\u0161eobecnosti maj\u00fa SMR disky vy\u0161\u0161iu efekt\u00edvnos\u0165 z h\u013eadiska spotreby energie, s\u00fa cenovo dostupnej\u0161ie a vykazuj\u00fa zlep\u0161enie v\u00fdkonu pri sekven\u010dnom zapisovan\u00ed \u00fadajov, ale zaost\u00e1vaj\u00fa pri vykon\u00e1van\u00ed oper\u00e1ci\u00ed n\u00e1hodn\u00e9ho zapisovania, vr\u00e1tane oper\u00e1ci\u00ed ako je rekon\u0161trukcia \u00falo\u017eiska. <\/p>\n

DM-SMR znamen\u00e1, \u017ee oper\u00e1cie z\u00f3novania a rozde\u013eovania \u00fadajov s\u00fa riaden\u00e9 ovl\u00e1da\u010dom disku a pre syst\u00e9m tak\u00fd disk vyzer\u00e1 ako klasick\u00fd pevn\u00fd disk, ktor\u00fd nevy\u017eaduje osobitn\u00e9 manipul\u00e1cie. V DM-SMR sa aplikovala nepriam\u00e1 logick\u00e1 adres\u00e1cia blokov (LBA, Logical Block Addressing), ktor\u00e1 pripom\u00edna logick\u00fa adres\u00e1ciu v SSD \u00falo\u017eisk\u00e1ch. Po ka\u017edej oper\u00e1cii n\u00e1hodn\u00e9ho z\u00e1pisu je potrebn\u00e9 vykona\u0165 pozadov\u00e9 oper\u00e1cie \u00fadr\u017eby, \u010do vedie k nepredv\u00eddate\u013en\u00fdm v\u00fdkyvom v\u00fdkonu. Syst\u00e9m sa m\u00f4\u017ee pok\u00fasi\u0165 aplikova\u0165 na tak\u00e9 disky optimaliz\u00e1cie, domnievaj\u00fac sa, \u017ee \u00fadaje bud\u00fa zap\u00edsan\u00e9 na ur\u010den\u00fd sektor, ale skuto\u010dne uveden\u00e9 ovl\u00e1da\u010dom inform\u00e1cie ur\u010duj\u00fa iba logick\u00fa \u0161trukt\u00faru a pri rozde\u013eovan\u00ed \u00fadajov ovl\u00e1da\u010d aplik\u00e1ciu svoje algoritmy, ber\u00face do \u00favahy predt\u00fdm umiestnen\u00e9 \u00fadaje. Preto sa pred pou\u017eit\u00edm DM-SMR diskov v sklade ZFS odpor\u00fa\u010da vykona\u0165 oper\u00e1ciu nulovania so obnova do p\u00f4vodn\u00e9ho stavu.<\/p>\n

Na rozbor podmienok, za ktor\u00fdch vznikaj\u00fa probl\u00e9my, bola prizvan\u00e1 spolo\u010dnos\u0165 Western Digital, ktor\u00e1 spolu s iXsystems sa sna\u017e\u00ed n\u00e1js\u0165 rie\u0161enie a pripravi\u0165 aktualiz\u00e1ciu firmv\u00e9ru. Pred zverejnen\u00edm z\u00e1verov o odstr\u00e1nen\u00ed probl\u00e9mov sa pl\u00e1nuje testovanie jednotiek s nov\u00fdm firmv\u00e9rom na vysoko za\u0165a\u017een\u00fdch \u00falo\u017eisk\u00e1ch s FreeNAS 11.3 a TrueNAS CORE 12.0. Pri tom sa tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee kv\u00f4li r\u00f4znemu v\u00fdkladu SMR r\u00f4znymi v\u00fdrobcami sa u niektor\u00fdch typov SMR diskov probl\u00e9my so ZFS nevyskytuj\u00fa, no vykon\u00e1van\u00e9 testovanie iXsystems sa s\u00fastre\u010fuje len na overenie diskov WD Red na b\u00e1ze technol\u00f3gie DM-SMR, a pre SMR disky in\u00fdch v\u00fdrobcov<\/a><\/noindex> je potrebn\u00fd dodato\u010dn\u00fd v\u00fdskum.<\/p>\n

V s\u00fa\u010dasnosti s\u00fa probl\u00e9my so ZFS dok\u00e1zan\u00e9 a zopakovan\u00e9 v testoch minim\u00e1lne pre disky WD Red 4TB WD40EFAX s firmv\u00e9rom 82.00A82 a vyskytuj\u00fa sa<\/a><\/noindex> prechod do stavu poruchy pri vysokom z\u00e1pise, napr\u00edklad pri vykon\u00e1van\u00ed rekon\u0161trukcie \u00falo\u017eiska po pridan\u00ed nov\u00e9ho disku do po\u013ea (resilvering). Predpoklad\u00e1 sa, \u017ee probl\u00e9m sa prejavuje aj na in\u00fdch modeloch WD Red so rovnak\u00fdm firmv\u00e9rom. Po vzniku probl\u00e9mu disk za\u010dne vraca\u0165 k\u00f3d chyby IDNF (Sector ID Not Found) a st\u00e1va sa nepou\u017eite\u013en\u00fdm, \u010do je v ZFS zaznamenan\u00e9 ako porucha disku a m\u00f4\u017ee vies\u0165 k strate \u00fadajov ulo\u017een\u00fdch na disku. Pri poruche viacer\u00fdch diskov m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 \u00fadaje v vdev alebo puhle straten\u00e9. Poznamen\u00e1va sa, \u017ee uveden\u00e9 poruchy sa vyskytuj\u00fa pomerne zriedka \u2014 z pribli\u017ene tis\u00edc predan\u00fdch syst\u00e9mov FreeNAS Mini, ktor\u00e9 boli vybaven\u00e9 problematick\u00fdmi diskami, sa probl\u00e9m objavil v pracovn\u00fdch podmienkach iba raz.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Zdroj: opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f iXsystems, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442 FreeNAS, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0443\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u043e \u0441\u0435\u0440\u044c\u0451\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0445 \u0441 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e ZFS \u0441 \u043d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0436\u0451\u0441\u0442\u043a\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438 WD Red, \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0435\u043c\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u0439 Western Digital \u0441 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0438 SMR (Shingled Magnetic Recording, \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043f\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0433\u043d\u0438\u0442\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044c). \u041f\u0440\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0438\u0445\u0443\u0434\u0448\u0435\u043c \u0441\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 ZFS \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f\u0445 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043a \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u044b \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0441 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438 WD Red \u0451\u043c\u043a\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u043e\u0442 2 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