{"id":82902,"date":"2020-05-26T13:42:27","date_gmt":"2020-05-26T11:42:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/administrirovanie\/luchshie-praktiki-kubernetes-mapping-vneshnih-servisov"},"modified":"2020-05-26T13:42:27","modified_gmt":"2020-05-26T11:42:27","slug":"luchshie-praktiki-kubernetes-mapping-vneshnih-servisov","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/blog\/administrirovanie\/luchshie-praktiki-kubernetes-mapping-vneshnih-servisov","title":{"rendered":"Najlep\u0161ie praktiky Kubernetes. Mapovanie vonkaj\u0161\u00edch slu\u017eieb","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Najlep\u0161ie praktiky Kubernetes. Vytvorenie mal\u00fdch kontajnerov<\/a><\/noindex>
\nNajlep\u0161ie praktiky Kubernetes. Organiz\u00e1cia Kubernetes s men\u0161\u00edm priestorom<\/a><\/noindex>
\nNajlep\u0161ie praktiky Kubernetes. Kontrola \u017eivotaschopnosti Kubernetes pomocou Readiness a Liveness testov<\/a><\/noindex>
\nNajlep\u0161ie praktiky Kubernetes. Nastavenie po\u017eiadaviek a limitov zdrojov<\/a><\/noindex>
\nNajlep\u0161ie praktiky Kubernetes. Spr\u00e1vne vyp\u00ednanie Terminate<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Ak ste ako v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina \u013eud\u00ed, pravdepodobne pou\u017e\u00edvate zdroje, ktor\u00e9 funguj\u00fa mimo v\u00e1\u0161ho klastru. Mo\u017eno pou\u017e\u00edvate API Taleo na odosielanie textov\u00fdch spr\u00e1v alebo analyzujete obr\u00e1zky pomocou API Google Cloud Vision.<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Ak pou\u017e\u00edvate rovnak\u00fd endpoint \u2014 bod prijatia po\u017eiadaviek na strane servera vo v\u0161etk\u00fdch svojich prostrediach a nepl\u00e1nujete presun\u00fa\u0165 svoje servery do Kubernetes, je \u00faplne norm\u00e1lne ma\u0165 endpoint slu\u017eby priamo vo va\u0161om k\u00f3de. Existuje v\u0161ak mno\u017estvo in\u00fdch scen\u00e1rov. V tejto s\u00e9rii \u201eNajlep\u0161ie praktiky Kubernetes\u201c sa dozviete, ako pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 vstavan\u00e9 mechanizmy Kubernetes na objavovanie slu\u017eieb, ako vo vn\u00fatri, tak aj mimo klastru. <\/p>\n

Pr\u00edkladom be\u017ene pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch vonkaj\u0161\u00edch slu\u017eieb m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 datab\u00e1za, ktor\u00e1 funguje mimo klastru Kubernetes. Na rozdiel od tak\u00fdch cloudov\u00fdch datab\u00e1z, ako s\u00fa Google Cloud Data Store alebo Google Cloud Spanner, ktor\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa jeden endpoint pre v\u0161etky typy pr\u00edstupu, v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina datab\u00e1z m\u00e1 samostatn\u00e9 endpointy pre r\u00f4zne okolnosti.
\nNajlep\u0161ou praxou pri pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00ed tradi\u010dn\u00fdch datab\u00e1z, ako s\u00fa MySQL a MongoDB, je zvy\u010dajne pripoji\u0165 sa k r\u00f4znym komponentom pre r\u00f4zne prostredia. M\u00f4\u017eete ma\u0165 ve\u013ek\u00fd server pre produk\u010dn\u00e9 d\u00e1ta a men\u0161\u00ed server pre testovacie prostredie. Ka\u017ed\u00fd z nich bude ma\u0165 svoju vlastn\u00fa IP adresu alebo dom\u00e9nov\u00e9 meno, ale ur\u010dite nebudete chcie\u0165 meni\u0165 svoj k\u00f3d pri prechode z jedn\u00e9ho prostredia do druh\u00e9ho. Preto namiesto tvrd\u00e9ho k\u00f3dovania t\u00fdchto adries m\u00f4\u017eete pou\u017ei\u0165 vstavan\u00e9 objavovanie vonkaj\u0161\u00edch slu\u017eieb v Kubernetes na z\u00e1klade DNS rovnako ako pre nat\u00edvne slu\u017eby Kubernetes.<\/p>\n

\"Najlep\u0161ie
\n
\nPredpokladajme, \u017ee sp\u00fa\u0161\u0165ate datab\u00e1zu MongoDB v Google Compute Engine. Zostanete zaseknut\u00ed v tomto hybridnom svete, k\u00fdm ju nebudete m\u00f4c\u0165 presun\u00fa\u0165 do klastru.<\/p>\n

Na\u0161\u0165astie m\u00f4\u017eete vyu\u017ei\u0165 statick\u00e9 slu\u017eby Kubernetes, aby ste si aspo\u0148 trochu u\u013eah\u010dili \u017eivot. V tomto pr\u00edklade som vytvoril server MongoDB pomocou Google Cloud Launcher. Ke\u010f\u017ee je vytvoren\u00fd v tej istej sieti (alebo VPC klastru Kubernetes), pr\u00edstup k nemu prebieha pomocou v\u00fdkonn\u00e9ho vn\u00fatorn\u00e9ho IP adresy.<\/p>\n

\"Najlep\u0161ie
\n
\nV Google Cloud je toto predvolen\u00e9 nastavenie, tak\u017ee nemus\u00edte ni\u010d nastavova\u0165. Teraz, ke\u010f je tu IP adresa, prv\u00fdm krokom je vytvorenie slu\u017eby. M\u00f4\u017eete si v\u0161imn\u00fa\u0165, \u017ee t\u00e1to slu\u017eba nem\u00e1 \u017eiadne selektory podov. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee sme vytvorili slu\u017ebu, ktor\u00e1 nebude vedie\u0165, kam posiela\u0165 trafick... <\/p>\n

\"Najlep\u0161ie
\n
\nNasleduj\u00faci pr\u00edklad k\u00f3du ukazuje, \u017ee koncov\u00e9 body ur\u010duj\u00fa IP adresu pre datab\u00e1zu, pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fac to ist\u00e9 meno mongo, ako slu\u017eba.<\/p>\n

\"Najlep\u0161ie
\n
\nKubernetes pou\u017eije v\u0161etky IP adresy, aby na\u0161iel koncov\u00e9 body, ako keby to boli be\u017en\u00e9 pody Kubernetes, tak\u017ee teraz sa m\u00f4\u017eete k datab\u00e1ze pripoji\u0165 pomocou jednoduch\u00e9ho pripojenia k vy\u0161\u0161ie uveden\u00e9mu menu mongodb:\/\/mongo. Pri tom nie je potrebn\u00e9 v k\u00f3de pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 IP adresy.<\/p>\n

Ak sa v bud\u00facnosti IP adresy zmenia, sta\u010d\u00ed aktualizova\u0165 koncov\u00e9 body s novou IP adresou a va\u0161e aplik\u00e1cie nebude potrebn\u00e9 nejak\u00fdm sp\u00f4sobom men\u0161i\u0165.<\/p>\n

Ak pou\u017e\u00edvate datab\u00e1zu hosten\u00fa na externom hostite\u013eovi, pravdepodobne v\u00e1m vlastn\u00edci hostingu poskytli na pripojenie unifikovan\u00fd identifik\u00e1tor zdroja URI. Tak\u017ee ak v\u00e1m dali IP adresu, m\u00f4\u017eete jednoducho vyu\u017ei\u0165 predch\u00e1dzaj\u00facu met\u00f3du. Tento pr\u00edklad ukazuje, \u017ee m\u00e1m dve datab\u00e1zy MongoDB hosten\u00e9 na hostingu mLab.<\/p>\n

\"Najlep\u0161ie
\n
\nJedna z nich je datab\u00e1za pre v\u00fdvoj\u00e1rov a druh\u00e1 je datab\u00e1za produkcie. Pripojenia pre tieto datab\u00e1zy vyzeraj\u00fa takto - mLab v\u00e1m poskytuje dynamick\u00fd URI a dynamick\u00fd port. Ako vid\u00edte, s\u00fa odli\u0161n\u00e9.<\/p>\n

\"Najlep\u0161ie
\n
\nAby sme sa od toho abstrahovali, pou\u017eijeme Kubernetes a pripoj\u00edme sa k datab\u00e1ze pre v\u00fdvoj\u00e1rov. M\u00f4\u017eete vytvori\u0165 extern\u00e9 meno slu\u017eby Kubernetes, ktor\u00e9 v\u00e1m poskytne statick\u00fa slu\u017ebu, ktor\u00e1 presmeruje trafick na extern\u00fa slu\u017ebu. <\/p>\n

\"Najlep\u0161ie
\n
\nT\u00e1to slu\u017eba vykon\u00e1 jednoduch\u00fa CNAME presmerovanie na \u00farovni jadra, \u010do m\u00e1 minim\u00e1lny dopad na v\u00fdkon. V\u010faka tomu m\u00f4\u017eete pou\u017ei\u0165 jednoduch\u0161\u00ed pr\u00edstupov\u00fd re\u0165azec.<\/p>\n

\"Najlep\u0161ie
\n
\nAv\u0161ak, ke\u010f\u017ee vonkaj\u0161ie meno pou\u017e\u00edva CNAME presmerovanie, nem\u00f4\u017ee vykona\u0165 premapovanie portov. Preto je toto rie\u0161enie aplikovate\u013en\u00e9 len na statick\u00e9 porty a nem\u00f4\u017ee sa pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 s dynamick\u00fdmi portami. Bezplatn\u00fd mLab Free Tier predvolene poskytuje pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eovi dynamick\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo portu a nem\u00f4\u017eete to zmeni\u0165. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee na dev a prod potrebujete r\u00f4zne pr\u00edkazy na pripojenie. Zl\u00e9 je to, \u017ee v tomto pr\u00edpade bude potrebn\u00e9 pevn\u00e9 zak\u00f3dovanie \u010d\u00edsla portu. Ako teda dosiahnu\u0165 fungovanie premapovania portov?<\/p>\n

Prv\u00fdm krokom je z\u00edskanie IP adresy z URI. Ak spust\u00edte pr\u00edkaz nslookup, hostname alebo pingnete URI, m\u00f4\u017eete z\u00edska\u0165 IP adresu datab\u00e1zy. Ak slu\u017eba vr\u00e1ti nieko\u013eko IP adries, v\u0161etky tieto adresy m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 pou\u017eit\u00e9 na koncov\u00fdch bodoch objektu.<\/p>\n

\"Najlep\u0161ie
\n
\nTreba pam\u00e4ta\u0165, \u017ee IP adresy URI sa m\u00f4\u017eu zmeni\u0165 bez predch\u00e1dzaj\u00faceho upozornenia, tak\u017ee ich je dos\u0165 riskantn\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 v prod. S pomocou takejto IP adresy sa m\u00f4\u017eete pripoji\u0165 k vzdialenej datab\u00e1ze bez uvedenia portu. Takto slu\u017eba Kubernetes vykon\u00e1va premapovanie portov pomerne transparentne.<\/p>\n

\"Najlep\u0161ie
\n
\nMapovanie, alebo priradenie vonkaj\u0161\u00edch zdrojov k vn\u00fatorn\u00fdm, v\u00e1m poskytuje mo\u017enos\u0165 flexibilne pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 tieto slu\u017eby vo vn\u00fatri klastera v bud\u00facnosti pri minimaliz\u00e1cii sn\u00e1h na refaktorovanie. U\u013eah\u010duje to aj spr\u00e1vu a poskytuje pochopenie, ktor\u00e9 vonkaj\u0161ie slu\u017eby va\u0161a spolo\u010dnos\u0165 vyu\u017e\u00edva. <\/p>\n

Pokra\u010dovanie \u010doskoro ...<\/p>\n

\r\n \"Prehrajte\r\n
<\/div>\r\n <\/div><\/center><\/p>\n

Trochu reklamy \ud83d\ude42<\/h3>\n

\n\u010eakujeme, \u017ee ost\u00e1vate s nami. P\u00e1\u010dia sa v\u00e1m na\u0161e \u010dl\u00e1nky? Chcete vidie\u0165 viac zauj\u00edmav\u00fdch materi\u00e1lov? Podporte n\u00e1s, vytvoren\u00edm objedn\u00e1vky alebo odpor\u00fa\u010dan\u00edm zn\u00e1mym, cloud VPS pre v\u00fdvoj\u00e1rov od 4,99 dol\u00e1rov<\/a><\/noindex>, unik\u00e1tny ekvivalent entry-level serverov, ktor\u00fd sme pre v\u00e1s vytvorili:<\/b> Cel\u00e1 pravda o VPS (KVM) E5-2697 v3 (6 jadier) 10GB DDR4 480GB SSD 1Gbps od 19 dol\u00e1rov alebo ako spr\u00e1vne rozdeli\u0165 server?<\/a><\/noindex> (k dispoz\u00edcii varianty s RAID1 a RAID10, a\u017e 24 jadier a a\u017e 40GB DDR4).<\/p>\n

Dell R730xd je dvakr\u00e1t lacnej\u0161\u00ed v d\u00e1tovom centre Equinix Tier IV v Amsterdame?<\/b> Len u n\u00e1s 2 x Intel TetraDeca-Core Xeon 2x E5-2697v3 2.6GHz 14C 64GB DDR4 4x960GB SSD 1Gbps 100 TB od 199 dol\u00e1rov<\/a><\/noindex> v Holandsku! Dell R420 \u2014 2x E5-2430 2.2Ghz 6C 128GB DDR3 2x960GB SSD 1Gbps 100TB \u2014 od 99 dol\u00e1rov!<\/b><\/b> Pre\u010d\u00edtajte si o tom Ako vybudova\u0165 infra\u0161trukt\u00faru korpor\u00e1tneho typu s pou\u017eit\u00edm serverov Dell R730xd E5-2650 v4 s cenou 9000 eur za zlomok ceny?<\/a><\/noindex>
\n
Zdroj: habr.com<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u041b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438 Kubernetes. \u0421\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u041b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438 Kubernetes. \u041e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f Kubernetes \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u043c \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d \u041b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438 Kubernetes. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0430 \u0436\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0435\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 Kubernetes \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u044c\u044e \u0442\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432 Readiness \u0438 Liveness \u041b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438 Kubernetes. \u041d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u043b\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0440\u0435\u0441\u0443\u0440\u0441\u043e\u0432 \u041b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438 Kubernetes. \u041a\u043e\u0440\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 Terminate \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u044b \u043f\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0436\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u043b\u044e\u0434\u0435\u0439, \u0442\u043e, \u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0435\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0441\u0443\u0440\u0441\u044b, \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u0437\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0432\u0430\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043e […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":82903,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-82902","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Najlep\u0161ie praktiky Kubernetes. 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