{"id":86559,"date":"2020-06-26T19:42:13","date_gmt":"2020-06-26T17:42:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/administrirovanie\/uchebnik-po-simulyatoru-seti-ns-3-glavy-12"},"modified":"2020-06-26T19:42:13","modified_gmt":"2020-06-26T17:42:13","slug":"uchebnik-po-simulyatoru-seti-ns-3-glavy-12","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/blog\/administrirovanie\/uchebnik-po-simulyatoru-seti-ns-3-glavy-12","title":{"rendered":"U\u010debnica pre simul\u00e1tor siete ns-3. Kapitoly 1, 2","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Tento \u010dl\u00e1nok otv\u00e1ra s\u00e9riu publik\u00e1ci\u00ed s prekladom u\u010debnice &quot;<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nsnam.org\/docs\/release\/3.30\/tutorial\/ns-3-tutorial.pdf\">ns-3 Tutorial Release ns-3.29<\/a><\/noindex>&quot; o simul\u00e1tore siet\u00ed ns-3. <\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"U\u010debnica pre simul\u00e1tor siete ns-3. Kapitoly 1, 2\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/cddee391ba8763baab6eaa185e081bf6.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Tento dokument je prekladom origin\u00e1lneho dokumentu v angli\u010dtine, ktor\u00fd bol nap\u00edsan\u00fd v <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/docutils.sourceforge.net\/rst.html\">reStructuredText<\/a><\/noindex> pre <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/sphinx.pocoo.org\/\">Sphinx<\/a><\/noindex> a nach\u00e1dza sa v adres\u00e1ri <em>doc\/tutorial<\/em> zdrojov\u00e9ho k\u00f3du ns-3.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>1 \u00davod<br \/>\n1.1 O ns-3<br \/>\n1.2 Pre pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov ns-2<br \/>\n1.3 \u00da\u010das\u0165 na projekte<br \/>\n1.4 Organiz\u00e1cia pr\u00edru\u010dky<br \/>\n2 Zdroje inform\u00e1ci\u00ed<br \/>\n2.1 Sie\u0165<br \/>\n2.2 Git<br \/>\n2.3 WAF<br \/>\n2.4 V\u00fdvojov\u00e9 prostredie<br \/>\n2.5 Programovanie z\u00e1suvn\u00fdch modulov<br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/post\/497318\/\">kapitola 3<\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/post\/497478\/\">Hlava 4<\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/post\/498372\/\">kapitola 5<\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/post\/500170\/\">kapitola 6<\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/post\/507472\/\">kapitola 7<\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/post\/507770\/\">kapitoly 8, 9<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/post\/508218\/\">Stiahnite si preklad v jednom pdf s\u00fabore<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Prim\u00e1rna dokument\u00e1cia projektu ns-3 je dostupn\u00e1 v piatich form\u00e1ch:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Dokument\u00e1cia k API simul\u00e1tora: ns-3 <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nsnam.org\/doxygen\/index.html\">Doxygen<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/li>\n<li>U\u010debn\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly, pr\u00edru\u010dka a kni\u017enica modelov pre <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nsnam.org\/documentation\/latest\/\">posledn\u00fa verziu<\/a><\/noindex> a <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nsnam.org\/ns-3-dev\/documentation\/\">stromu v\u00fdvoja<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/li>\n<li><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nsnam.org\/wiki\/Main_Page\">Wiki<\/a><\/noindex> ns-3.<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\n<h2 id=\"glava-1\">Kapitola 1<\/h2>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"predislovie\">\u00davod<\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Simul\u00e1tor ns-3 je simul\u00e1tor siete s diskr\u00e9tnymi udalos\u0165ami, ur\u010den\u00fd predov\u0161etk\u00fdm na v\u00fdskum a vzdel\u00e1vacie \u00fa\u010dely. Projekt vyv\u00edjaj\u00faci ns-3 bol zah\u00e1jen\u00fd v roku 2006 a je projektom s otvoren\u00fdm zdrojov\u00fdm k\u00f3dom.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Cie\u013eom tejto pr\u00edru\u010dky je predstavi\u0165 ns-3 nov\u00fdm pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eom syst\u00e9mov\u00fdm, \u0161trukt\u00farovan\u00fdm sp\u00f4sobom. Niekedy je pre nov\u00e1\u010dika \u0165a\u017ek\u00e9 z\u00edska\u0165 potrebn\u00e9 inform\u00e1cie a transformova\u0165 ich do funk\u010dn\u00e9ho modelovania. V tejto pr\u00edru\u010dke realizujeme nieko\u013eko pr\u00edkladov modelovania, pri\u010dom po\u010das procesu ukazujeme a vysvet\u013eujeme k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00e9 pojmy a charakteristiky.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Po\u010das v\u00fdkladu poskytneme kompletn\u00fa dokument\u00e1ciu ns-3 a odkazy na zdrojov\u00fd k\u00f3d pre t\u00fdch, ktor\u00ed maj\u00fa z\u00e1ujem o hlb\u0161ie pochopenie fungovania syst\u00e9mu.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Na za\u010diatku stoj\u00ed za to poznamena\u0165 nieko\u013eko k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00fdch bodov:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>ns-3 m\u00e1 otvoren\u00fd zdrojov\u00fd k\u00f3d, projekt sa usiluje o podporu otvoren\u00e9ho prostredia, v ktorom m\u00f4\u017eu vedci prispieva\u0165 a zdie\u013ea\u0165 svoje softv\u00e9rov\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky.<\/li>\n<li>ns-3 nie je sp\u00e4tne kompatibiln\u00e9 roz\u0161\u00edrenie ns-2, je to nov\u00fd simul\u00e1tor. Oba simul\u00e1tory s\u00fa nap\u00edsan\u00e9 v C++, ale ns-3 je nov\u00fd simul\u00e1tor, ktor\u00fd nepodporuje API rozhrania ns-2.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"11-o-ns-3\">1.1 O ns-3<\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Simul\u00e1tor ns-3 bol vyvinut\u00fd na zabezpe\u010denie otvorenej, roz\u0161\u00edrite\u013enej platformy na modelovanie siet\u00ed, v\u00fdskum siete a vzdel\u00e1vanie. V skratke, ns-3 poskytuje modely toho, ako s\u00fa implementovan\u00e9 a funguj\u00fa siete paketov\u00e9ho prenosu a pon\u00faka pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eovi simula\u010dn\u00fd motor na vykon\u00e1vanie simula\u010dn\u00fdch experimentov. D\u00f4vodom na pou\u017eitie ns-3 m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 situ\u00e1cie, ke\u010f je potrebn\u00e9 vykona\u0165 v\u00fdskum, ktor\u00fd je \u0165a\u017ek\u00e9 alebo nemo\u017en\u00e9 realizova\u0165 na skuto\u010dnej syst\u00e9me, mo\u017enos\u0165 \u0161tudova\u0165 spr\u00e1vanie syst\u00e9mu v pr\u00edsne kontrolovanom prostred\u00ed, reprodukovate\u013enom prostred\u00ed, a taktie\u017e zisti\u0165, ako funguj\u00fa siete. <\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Pou\u017e\u00edvatelia si v\u0161imn\u00fa, \u017ee dod\u00e1van\u00e1 sada modelov v ns-3 je zameran\u00e1 na modelovanie pr\u00e1ce internetov\u00fdch protokolov a siet\u00ed, ale ns-3 nie je obmedzen\u00fd len na internetov\u00e9 syst\u00e9my, niektor\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edvatelia pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa ns-3 na modelovanie syst\u00e9mov, ktor\u00e9 nie s\u00fa zalo\u017een\u00e9 na internetov\u00fdch technol\u00f3gi\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Existuje mno\u017estvo n\u00e1strojov na modelovanie siet\u00ed. Ni\u017e\u0161ie s\u00fa uveden\u00e9 niektor\u00e9 charakteristick\u00e9 rysy ns-3 v porovnan\u00ed s in\u00fdmi n\u00e1strojmi.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>ns-3 je navrhnut\u00fd ako s\u00fabor kni\u017en\u00edc, ktor\u00e9 sa daj\u00fa kombinova\u0165 dohromady, ako aj s in\u00fdmi extern\u00fdmi kni\u017enicami softv\u00e9ru. Zatia\u013e \u010do niektor\u00e9 platformy modelovania pon\u00fakaj\u00fa pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eom jednotn\u00e9 integrovan\u00e9 prostredie s grafick\u00fdm pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013esk\u00fdm rozhran\u00edm, ktor\u00e9 riadi cel\u00fa pr\u00e1cu, ns-3 je v tomto oh\u013eade modul\u00e1rnej\u0161\u00ed. S ns-3 m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 pou\u017eit\u00e9 niektor\u00e9 extern\u00e9 anim\u00e1tory, n\u00e1stroje na anal\u00fdzu d\u00e1t a vizualiz\u00e1ciu. Napriek tomu sa od pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov o\u010dak\u00e1va pr\u00e1ca v pr\u00edkazovom riadku a s n\u00e1strojmi na v\u00fdvoj softv\u00e9ru C++ a \/ alebo Python.<\/li>\n<li>ns-3 sa preva\u017ene pou\u017e\u00edva v syst\u00e9moch Linux alebo macOS, aj ke\u010f existuje podpora pre syst\u00e9my BSD, ako aj pre platformy Windows, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa schopn\u00e9 kompilova\u0165 k\u00f3d pre Linux, ako Windows Subsystem pre Linux alebo Cygwin. Nativita pre Windows, Visual Studio, v s\u00fa\u010dasnosti nie je podporovan\u00e1, hoci v\u00fdvoj\u00e1r pracuje na implement\u00e1cii tejto mo\u017enosti. Pou\u017e\u00edvatelia Windows m\u00f4\u017eu taktie\u017e pou\u017ei\u0165 virtu\u00e1lny stroj s Linuxom.<\/li>\n<li>ns-3 nie je ofici\u00e1lne podporovan\u00fd softv\u00e9r \u017eiadnou spolo\u010dnos\u0165ou. Podpora ns-3 je uskuto\u010dnen\u00e1 s maxim\u00e1lnym \u00fasil\u00edm na f\u00f3re pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov ns-3 (ns-3-users@googlegroups.com).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"12-dlya-polzovateley-ns-2\">1.2 Pre pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov ns-2<\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Pre t\u00fdch, ktor\u00ed s\u00fa obozn\u00e1men\u00ed s ns-2 (popul\u00e1rnym n\u00e1strojom, ktor\u00fd predch\u00e1dzal ns-3), je pri prechode na ns-3 najv\u0161imnute\u013enej\u0161ou vonkaj\u0161ou zmenou zmena programovacieho jazyka. Programy v ns-2 s\u00fa nap\u00edsan\u00e9 v OTcl a v\u00fdsledky simul\u00e1ci\u00ed je mo\u017en\u00e9 vizualizova\u0165 pomocou anim\u00e1tora siet\u00ed nam. V ns-2 nie je mo\u017en\u00e9 spusti\u0165 simul\u00e1ciu v\u00fdlu\u010dne z C++ (to znamen\u00e1 ako hlavn\u00fd program main() bez ak\u00e9hoko\u013evek OTcl). Okrem toho, niektor\u00e9 komponenty ns-2 s\u00fa nap\u00edsan\u00e9 v C++, zatia\u013e \u010do in\u00e9 v OTcl. V ns-3 je simul\u00e1tor \u00faplne nap\u00edsan\u00fd v C++ s volite\u013en\u00fdmi Python v\u00e4zbami. Preto m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 simula\u010dn\u00e9 skripty nap\u00edsan\u00e9 ako v C++, tak aj v Pythone. Dostupn\u00ed s\u00fa nov\u00ed anim\u00e1tori a vizualiz\u00e1tory a st\u00e1le sa vyv\u00edjaj\u00fa. Ke\u010f\u017ee ns-3 generuje s\u00fabory sledovania paketov pcap, m\u00f4\u017eu sa pou\u017ei\u0165 aj in\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje na anal\u00fdzu sledovania. V tejto pr\u00edru\u010dke sa najprv zameriame na skripty implementovan\u00e9 v C++ a interpret\u00e1ciu v\u00fdsledkov prostredn\u00edctvom anal\u00fdzy s\u00faborov sledovania.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Existuj\u00fa v\u0161ak aj podobnosti (napr\u00edklad oba n\u00e1stroje s\u00fa zalo\u017een\u00e9 na objektoch C++, \u010das\u0165 k\u00f3du ns-2 bola prenesen\u00e1 do ns-3). Po\u010das tohto vyjadrenia sa pok\u00fasime uk\u00e1za\u0165 rozdiely medzi ns-2 a ns-3.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Ot\u00e1zka, ktor\u00fa \u010dasto po\u010dujeme: &quot;M\u00e1m na\u010falej pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 ns-2 alebo prejs\u0165 na ns-3?&quot; Pod\u013ea n\u00e1zoru autora, ak pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013e nie je nijak viazan\u00fd na ns-2 (na z\u00e1klade existuj\u00faceho osobn\u00e9ho komfortu a znalosti ns-2 alebo na z\u00e1klade konkr\u00e9tneho simula\u010dn\u00e9ho modelu, ktor\u00fd je dostupn\u00fd iba v ns-2), potom s ns-3 bude efekt\u00edvnej\u0161\u00ed z nasleduj\u00facich d\u00f4vodov:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>ns-3 je akt\u00edvne podporovan\u00fd s akt\u00edvnym a reaguj\u00facim zoznamom pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov, zatia\u013e \u010do ns-2 je len slabo podporovan\u00fd a viac ako desa\u0165 rokov nevidel v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 zmeny vo svojom hlavnom strome k\u00f3du.<\/li>\n<li>ns-3 poskytuje funkcie, ktor\u00e9 nie s\u00fa dostupn\u00e9 v ns-2, ako je prostredie pre vykon\u00e1vanie k\u00f3du implement\u00e1cie (umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00face pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eom sp\u00fa\u0161\u0165a\u0165 v simul\u00e1tore skuto\u010dn\u00fd k\u00f3d implement\u00e1cie).<\/li>\n<li>ns-3 zabezpe\u010duje ni\u017e\u0161iu z\u00e1kladn\u00fa \u00farove\u0148 abstrakcie v porovnan\u00ed s ns-2, \u010do mu umo\u017e\u0148uje lep\u0161ie zodpoveda\u0165 re\u00e1lnym syst\u00e9mom. Niektor\u00e9 obmedzenia zisten\u00e9 v ns-2 (napr\u00edklad spr\u00e1vna podpora viacer\u00fdch typov rozhran\u00ed na uzle) boli odstr\u00e1nen\u00e9 v ns-3.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>V\u010faka svojej dlh\u00e9j hist\u00f3rii m\u00e1 ns-2 rozmanitej\u0161\u00ed s\u00fabor podporovan\u00fdch modulov ako ns-3. Napriek tomu ns-3 m\u00e1 podrobnej\u0161ie modely v nieko\u013ek\u00fdch popul\u00e1rnych v\u00fdskumn\u00fdch oblastiach (vr\u00e1tane komplexn\u00fdch modelov LTE a WiFi), jeho podpora implementa\u010dn\u00e9ho k\u00f3du povo\u013euje ve\u013emi \u0161irok\u00e9 spektrum modelov s vysokou presnos\u0165ou. U\u017e\u00edvatelia m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 prekvapen\u00ed, ke\u010f sa dozvedia, \u017ee cel\u00fd sie\u0165ov\u00fd z\u00e1sobn\u00edk Linuxu m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 enkapsulovan\u00fd v uzle ns-3 pomocou r\u00e1mca priameho vykon\u00e1vania k\u00f3du (DCE). Modely z ns-2 je niekedy mo\u017en\u00e9 portova\u0165 do ns-3, obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 ak boli implementovan\u00e9 v C++.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Ak m\u00e1te pochybnosti, dobrou odpor\u00fa\u010dan\u00edm by bolo pozrie\u0165 sa na oba simul\u00e1tory (ako aj na \u010fal\u0161ie simul\u00e1tory), najm\u00e4 modely dostupn\u00e9 pre v\u00e1\u0161 v\u00fdskum, ale majte na pam\u00e4ti, \u017ee va\u0161e v\u00fdsledky m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 lep\u0161ie pri pou\u017eit\u00ed n\u00e1stroja, ktor\u00fd je v s\u00fa\u010dasnosti akt\u00edvne vyv\u00edjan\u00fd a podporovan\u00fd (ns-3).<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"13-uchastie-v-proekte\">1.3 \u00da\u010das\u0165 na projekte<\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>ns-3 je vedecko-vzdel\u00e1vac\u00ed simul\u00e1tor pre v\u00fdskumn\u00fa komunitu. Opiera sa o s\u00fa\u010dasn\u00e9 pr\u00edspevky komunity pri v\u00fdvoji nov\u00fdch modelov, laden\u00ed alebo podpore existuj\u00facich a v\u00fdmene v\u00fdsledkov. Existuje ur\u010dit\u00e1 politika, ktor\u00e1, ako d\u00fafame, povzbud\u00ed \u013eud\u00ed prispie\u0165 do ns-3, ako to robia pre ns-2:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Licencovanie s otvoren\u00fdm zdrojom zalo\u017een\u00e9 na kompatibilite s licenciou GNU GPLv2.<\/li>\n<li>wiki.<\/li>\n<li>Str\u00e1nka <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/www.pocoo.org\/\">K\u00f3d prispievate\u013eov<\/a><\/noindex>, podobn\u00e1 popul\u00e1rnej str\u00e1nke pre ns-2.<\/li>\n<li>Pou\u017e\u00edvanie GitLab.com, vr\u00e1tane syst\u00e9mu sledovania ch\u00fdb:<br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.gitlab.com\/nsnam\">https:\/\/www.gitlab.com\/nsnam<\/a><\/noindex><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Ch\u00e1peme, \u017ee aj ke\u010f \u010d\u00edtate tento dokument, mo\u017eno v tomto \u0161t\u00e1diu nepl\u00e1nujete prispie\u0165. Ale chceme, aby ste vedeli, \u017ee prispievanie je v s\u00falade s duchom projektu a \u017ee pre n\u00e1s bud\u00fa cenn\u00e9 va\u0161e n\u00e1zory, aj na va\u0161e po\u010diato\u010dn\u00e9 sk\u00fasenosti s ns-3 (napr\u00edklad &quot;t\u00e1to \u010das\u0165 u\u010debnice nebola jasn\u00e1\u2026&quot;), hl\u00e1senie o zastaranej dokument\u00e1cii alebo koment\u00e1r v k\u00f3de at\u010f\u2026 Preferovan\u00fd sp\u00f4sob odoslania opr\u00e1v je bu\u010f vytvorenie vetvy (fork) na <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.gitlab.com\/nsnam\">https:\/\/www.gitlab.com\/nsnam<\/a><\/noindex> s va\u0161imi opravami a vytvori\u0165 po\u017eiadavku na zl\u00fa\u010denie, alebo vytvori\u0165 po\u017eiadavku na na\u0161om tracker a prida\u0165 patch.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"14-organizaciya-rukovodstva\">1.4 Organiz\u00e1cia pr\u00edru\u010dky<\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Tento sprievodca predpoklad\u00e1, \u017ee nov\u00ed u\u017e\u00edvatelia m\u00f4\u017eu p\u00f4vodne post\u00fapi\u0165 napr\u00edklad takouto cestou:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Sk\u00fasi\u0165 stiahnu\u0165 a zostavi\u0165 k\u00f3piu;<\/li>\n<li>Sk\u00fasi\u0165 spusti\u0165 nieko\u013eko pr\u00edkladov programov;<\/li>\n<li>Pozrite si v\u00fdsledok simul\u00e1cie a sk\u00faste ho upravi\u0165.<br \/>\nNakoniec sme sa pok\u00fasili usporiada\u0165 vyjadrenie pod\u013ea t\u00fdchto krokov.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"glava-2\">Kapitola 2<\/h2>\n<p><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"istochniki-informacii\">Zdroje inform\u00e1ci\u00ed<\/h2>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"21-set\">2.1 Sie\u0165<\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Existuje nieko\u013eko d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fdch zdrojov, o ktor\u00fdch by mal vedie\u0165 ka\u017ed\u00fd pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013e ns-3. Hlavn\u00e1 webov\u00e1 str\u00e1nka sa nach\u00e1dza na adrese: <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nsnam.org\">https:\/\/www.nsnam.org<\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\na poskytuje pr\u00edstup k z\u00e1kladn\u00fdm inform\u00e1ci\u00e1m o syst\u00e9me ns-3. Podrobn\u00e1 dokument\u00e1cia je k dispoz\u00edcii prostredn\u00edctvom hlavnej webovej str\u00e1nky na adrese: <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nsnam.org\/documentation\/\">https:\/\/www.nsnam.org\/documentation\/<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Na tej istej webovej str\u00e1nke n\u00e1jdete aj dokumenty t\u00fdkaj\u00face sa architekt\u00fary syst\u00e9mu.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Existuje wiki str\u00e1nka, ktor\u00e1 dop\u013a\u0148a hlavn\u00fa webov\u00fa str\u00e1nku ns-3, n\u00e1jdete ju na adrese: <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nsnam.org\/wiki\/\">https:\/\/www.nsnam.org\/wiki\/<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Tam n\u00e1jdete odpovede na \u010dasto kladen\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky pre pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov a v\u00fdvoj\u00e1rov, ako aj pr\u00edru\u010dky na rie\u0161enie probl\u00e9mov, extern\u00fd k\u00f3d, dokumenty a podobne.<br \/>\nZdrojov\u00fd k\u00f3d je mo\u017en\u00e9 n\u00e1js\u0165 a prezera\u0165 na GitLab.com:<br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/gitlab.com\/nsnam\/\">https:\/\/gitlab.com\/nsnam\/<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Tam je aj repozit\u00e1r s n\u00e1zvom <em>ns-3-dev<\/em> kde sa nach\u00e1dza aktu\u00e1lne v\u00fdvojov\u00e9 stromy. Minul\u00e9 vydania a experiment\u00e1lne repozit\u00e1re jadrov\u00fdch v\u00fdvoj\u00e1rov s\u00fa tie\u017e k dispoz\u00edcii cez Mercurial na starom webe projektu na adrese:<br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/code.nsnam.org\">http:\/\/code.nsnam.org<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"22-git\">2.2 Git<\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Zlo\u017eit\u00fdm softv\u00e9rov\u00fdm syst\u00e9mom je potrebn\u00fd nejak\u00fd sp\u00f4sob riadenia organiz\u00e1cie a zmien z\u00e1kladn\u00e9ho k\u00f3du a dokument\u00e1cie. Existuje mnoho sp\u00f4sobov, ako to dosiahnu\u0165, a mo\u017eno ste po\u010duli o niektor\u00fdch syst\u00e9moch, ktor\u00e9 sa be\u017ene pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa. Do ned\u00e1vnej doby projekt ns-3 pou\u017e\u00edval Mercurial ako syst\u00e9m spr\u00e1vy zdrojov\u00e9ho k\u00f3du, ale v decembri 2018 sme pre\u0161li na pou\u017e\u00edvanie Gitu. Aj ke\u010f pre \u010d\u00edtanie tejto pr\u00edru\u010dky nemus\u00edte ma\u0165 ve\u013ea vedomost\u00ed o Gite, odpor\u00fa\u010dame v\u00e1m obozn\u00e1mi\u0165 sa s n\u00edm a pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 ho na pr\u00edstup k zdrojov\u00e9mu k\u00f3du. GitLab.com poskytuje zdroje na osvojenie si z\u00e1kladn\u00fdch zru\u010dnost\u00ed na adrese: <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git-scm.com\/book\/ru\/v2\">https:\/\/git-scm.com\/book\/ru\/v2<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"23-waf\">2.3 WAF<\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Ak ste si stiahli zdrojov\u00fd k\u00f3d do svojho po\u010d\u00edta\u010da, na to, aby ste z\u00edskali funguj\u00faci program, mus\u00edte ho skompilova\u0165. Rovnako ako pri spr\u00e1ve zdrojov\u00e9ho k\u00f3du, na vykonanie tejto funkcie je k dispoz\u00edcii mno\u017estvo n\u00e1strojov. Najzn\u00e1mej\u0161\u00edm z t\u00fdchto n\u00e1strojov je pravdepodobne make. Je v\u0161ak d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 poznamena\u0165, \u017ee je najzlo\u017eitej\u0161\u00ed na pou\u017e\u00edvanie vo ve\u013emi ve\u013ekom a flexibilne konfigurovate\u013enom syst\u00e9me. To bolo d\u00f4vodom na vyvinutie mno\u017estva alternat\u00edv. Ned\u00e1vno boli vyvinut\u00e9 tak\u00e9to syst\u00e9my s pou\u017eit\u00edm jazyka Python.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>V projekte ns-3 sa pou\u017e\u00edva syst\u00e9m zostavovania Waf. Je to syst\u00e9m novej gener\u00e1cie zostavovania zalo\u017een\u00fd na Pythone. Na zostavenie existuj\u00faceho syst\u00e9mu ns-3 nepotrebujete vedie\u0165 Python.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Pre t\u00fdch, ktor\u00ed sa zauj\u00edmaj\u00fa o podrobnosti pou\u017e\u00edvania Waf, existuje kniha, ktor\u00e1 je dostupn\u00e1 na adrese:<br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/waf.io\/book\/\">https:\/\/waf.io\/book\/<\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\na aktu\u00e1lny k\u00f3d:<br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/gitlab.com\/ita1024\/waf\/\">https:\/\/gitlab.com\/ita1024\/waf\/<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"24-sreda-razrabotki\">2.4 V\u00fdvojov\u00e9 prostredie<\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Ako u\u017e bolo spomenut\u00e9, skripty v ns-3 s\u00fa vykon\u00e1van\u00e9 v C++ alebo Pythone. V\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina API ns-3 je k dispoz\u00edcii v Pythone, ale modely s\u00fa v ka\u017edom pr\u00edpade nap\u00edsan\u00e9 v C++. T\u00e1to pr\u00edru\u010dka predpoklad\u00e1, \u017ee ste obozn\u00e1men\u00ed s objektovo-orientovan\u00fdm programovan\u00edm v C++. Po\u010das textu sa budeme venova\u0165 niektor\u00fdm pokro\u010dil\u00fdm konceptom a mo\u017eno aj nezvykl\u00fdm aspektom jazyka, ako s\u00fa idi\u00f3my a n\u00e1vrhov\u00e9 vzory. Nechceme, aby sa t\u00e1to pr\u00edru\u010dka stala u\u010debnicou pre C++, preto o\u010dak\u00e1vame z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 ovl\u00e1danie jazyka. Existuje mno\u017estvo zdrojov o C++, dostupn\u00fdch online alebo v tla\u010di.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Ak ste nov\u00e1\u010dik v C++, predt\u00fdm ne\u017e pokra\u010dujete, obozn\u00e1mte sa so z\u00e1kladmi jazyka prostredn\u00edctvom u\u010debnice alebo webovej str\u00e1nky venovanej v\u00fdu\u010dbe alebo hotov\u00fdm receptom. Napr\u00edklad, ako: <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/ashtanyuk\/CPP-2018\">https:\/\/github.com\/ashtanyuk\/CPP-2018<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Na Linuxe syst\u00e9m ns-3 vyu\u017e\u00edva nieko\u013eko komponentov z n\u00e1strojov projektu GNU. N\u00e1stroje s\u00fa sada programovac\u00edch n\u00e1strojov dostupn\u00fdch v tejto softv\u00e9rovej prostred\u00ed. Pre r\u00fdchly preh\u013ead toho, \u010do patr\u00ed do n\u00e1strojov GNU, pozrite sa na: <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/GNU_toolchain\">http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/GNU_toolchain<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Simul\u00e1tor ns-3 pou\u017e\u00edva gcc, GNU binutils a gdb. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 na zostavovanie projektu nepou\u017e\u00edvame ani make, ani autotools z n\u00e1strojov GNU. Na tieto funkcie pou\u017e\u00edvame Waf.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>V macOS sa pou\u017e\u00edva sada n\u00e1strojov Xcode. Pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eom ns-3 na Mac sa d\u00f4razne odpor\u00fa\u010da nain\u0161talova\u0165 Xcode a bal\u00ed\u010dky pr\u00edkazov\u00e9ho riadku z Apple App Store, ako aj pre \u010fal\u0161ie inform\u00e1cie nav\u0161t\u00edvi\u0165 wiki str\u00e1nku in\u0161tal\u00e1cie ns-3: (<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nsnam.org\/wiki\/Installation\">https:\/\/www.nsnam.org\/wiki\/Installation<\/a><\/noindex>).<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Zvy\u010dajne autor ns-3 pracuje v prostred\u00ed Linux alebo Unix-like. Pre t\u00fdch, ktor\u00ed pracuj\u00fa na Windows, existuj\u00fa prostredia, ktor\u00e9 do ur\u010ditej miery emuluj\u00fa prostredie Linux. Pre t\u00fdchto pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov bol projekt ns-3 v minulosti (ale nie v s\u00fa\u010dasnosti) podporovan\u00fd vo v\u00fdvojovom prostred\u00ed Cygwin. Pre podrobnosti o s\u0165ahovan\u00ed a \u010fal\u0161ie inform\u00e1cie o Cygwin a ns-3 nav\u0161t\u00edvte wiki str\u00e1nku ns-3:<br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cygwin.com\/\">http:\/\/www.cygwin.com\/<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>MinGW v s\u00fa\u010dasnosti ofici\u00e1lne nie je podporovan\u00e1. Inou alternat\u00edvou Cygwin je in\u0161tal\u00e1cia virtu\u00e1lneho prostredia, ako je VMware server, kde nain\u0161talova\u0165 Linux.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"25-programmirovanie-soketov\">2.5 Programovanie z\u00e1suvn\u00fdch modulov<\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>V pr\u00edkladoch pou\u017eit\u00fdch v tejto pr\u00edru\u010dke budeme pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 funkcie API rozhrania soketov Berkeley (Berkeley Sockets). Ak ste nov\u00e1\u010dik v sokerte, odpor\u00fa\u010dame v\u00e1m obozn\u00e1mi\u0165 sa s API a niektor\u00fdmi be\u017en\u00fdmi pr\u00edpadmi jeho pou\u017eitia. Ako dobr\u00fd preh\u013ead programovania soketov TCP\/IP odpor\u00fa\u010dame: &quot;TCP\/IP Sockets in C&quot;, Donahoo a Calvert.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Existuje s\u00favisiaca webov\u00e1 str\u00e1nka, ktor\u00e1 obsahuje zdroj pr\u00edkladov z knihy, ktor\u00fa m\u00f4\u017eete n\u00e1js\u0165 na adrese:<br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/cs.baylor.edu\/~donahoo\/practical\/CSockets\/\">http:\/\/cs.baylor.edu\/~donahoo\/practical\/CSockets\/<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Ak rozumiete prv\u00fdm \u0161tyrom kapitol\u00e1m knihy (alebo pre t\u00fdch, ktor\u00ed nemaj\u00fa pr\u00edstup ku k\u00f3pii knihy, echo klienti a servery uveden\u00e9 na webovej str\u00e1nke pod\u013ea odkazu vy\u0161\u0161ie), to bude sta\u010di\u0165 na pochopenie tutori\u00e1lu. Existuje podobn\u00e1 kniha<br \/>\n&quot;Multicast Sockets, Multicast Sockets&quot;, Makofske a Almeroth.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Pokryje materi\u00e1l, ktor\u00fd by ste mohli potrebova\u0165, ak sa budete zaobera\u0165 v distrib\u00facii pr\u00edklady mnohoposielania.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Pokra\u010dovanie: <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/post\/497318\/\">kapitola 3<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p>Zdroj: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/post\/497106\/\">habr.com<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0414\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u044f \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0438\u044e \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0439 \u0441 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043c \u0443\u0447\u0435\u0431\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430 &quot;ns-3 Tutorial Release ns-3.29&quot; \u043f\u043e \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0443 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0439 ns-3. \u042d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043c \u043e\u0440\u0438\u0433\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0430\u043d\u0433\u043b\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d \u0432 reStructuredText \u0434\u043b\u044f Sphinx \u0438 \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 doc\/tutorial \u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430 ns-3. 1 \u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0435 1.1 \u041e ns-3 1.2 \u0414\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439 ns-2 1.3 \u0423\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0435 \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0435 1.4 \u041e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0440\u0443\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 2 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":86560,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-86559","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.4 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0414\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u044f \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0438\u044e \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0439 \u0441 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043c \u0443\u0447\u0435\u0431\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430 &quot;ns-3 Tutorial Release.\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Yuri Gagarin\"\/>\n\t<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/blog\/administrirovanie\/uchebnik-po-simulyatoru-seti-ns-3-glavy-12\" \/>\n\t\t<meta name=\"generator\" content=\"All in One SEO (AIOSEO) 5.0.4\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sk_SK\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"ProHoster | \u041a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442 DDoS, VPS VDS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\ud83e\udd47\u0423\u0447\u0435\u0431\u043d\u0438\u043a \u043f\u043e \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0443 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438 ns-3. \u0413\u043b\u0430\u0432\u044b 1,2 | ProHoster\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u0414\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u044f \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0438\u044e \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0439 \u0441 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043c \u0443\u0447\u0435\u0431\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430 &quot;ns-3 Tutorial Release.\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/blog\/administrirovanie\/uchebnik-po-simulyatoru-seti-ns-3-glavy-12\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:image:secure_url\" content=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"350\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"350\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2020-06-26T17:42:13+00:00\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2020-06-26T17:42:13+00:00\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:author\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster\" \/>\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO -->\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Tutori\u00e1l pre simul\u00e1tor siete ns-3. 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