{"id":86932,"date":"2020-07-01T19:42:05","date_gmt":"2020-07-01T17:42:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/administrirovanie\/sravnenie-vdi-i-vpn-parallelnaya-realnost-kompanii-parallels"},"modified":"2020-07-01T19:42:05","modified_gmt":"2020-07-01T17:42:05","slug":"sravnenie-vdi-i-vpn-parallelnaya-realnost-kompanii-parallels","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/blog\/administrirovanie\/sravnenie-vdi-i-vpn-parallelnaya-realnost-kompanii-parallels","title":{"rendered":"Porovnanie VDI a VPN \u2013 paraleln\u00e1 realita spolo\u010dnosti Parallels?","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>V tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku sa pok\u00fasim porovna\u0165 dve \u00faplne odli\u0161n\u00e9 technol\u00f3gie VDI a VPN. Som presved\u010den\u00fd, \u017ee v s\u00favislosti s pand\u00e9miou, ktor\u00e1 n\u00e1s zasiahla v marci tohto roku, a to predov\u0161etk\u00fdm kv\u00f4li povinnej pr\u00e1ci z domu, ste vy a va\u0161a spolo\u010dnos\u0165 u\u017e urobili rozhodnutie, ako optim\u00e1lne zabezpe\u010di\u0165 pohodln\u00e9 podmienky pre pr\u00e1cu va\u0161ich zamestnancov. <br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Porovnanie VDI a VPN \u2013 paraleln\u00e1 realita spolo\u010dnosti Parallels?\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/00e626ea4ead3b4a93cedc3004e7dc3b.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\nNa nap\u00edsanie tohto \u010dl\u00e1nku ma in\u0161pirovalo \u010d\u00edtanie porovn\u00e1vacej \u201eanal\u00fdzy\u201c dvoch technol\u00f3gi\u00ed na blogu spolo\u010dnosti Parallels \u201e<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.parallels.com\/blogs\/ras\/vpn-vs-vdi-what-should-you-choose\/\">VPN vs VDI \u2013 \u010co by ste si mali vybra\u0165?<\/a><\/noindex>, konkr\u00e9tne jeho neuverite\u013en\u00e1 jednostrannos\u0165, bez akejko\u013evek minim\u00e1lnej snahy o nestrannos\u0165. Prv\u00fd odsek textu nesie n\u00e1zov \u201ePre\u010do sa rie\u0161enie VPN st\u00e1va zastaran\u00fdm \/ Why a VPN solution is becoming outdated\u201c, \u010falej v texte \u201ev\u00fdhody VDI \/ VDI advantages\u201c a \u201eobmedzenia VPN \/ VPN limitations\u201c.<\/p>\n<p>Moja pr\u00e1ca je priamo spojen\u00e1 s VDI rie\u0161eniami, predov\u0161etk\u00fdm s produktmi spolo\u010dnosti Citrix. Tak\u017ee smerovanie \u010dl\u00e1nku by mi malo by\u0165 sympatick\u00e9. Av\u0161ak tak\u00e1to predpojatos\u0165 vo mne vyvol\u00e1va iba nevra\u017eivos\u0165. V\u00e1\u017een\u00e9 kolegyne a kolegovia, je naozaj mo\u017en\u00e9, \u017ee pri porovn\u00e1van\u00ed dvoch technol\u00f3gi\u00ed vid\u00edme v jednej z nich iba nedostatky, a v druhej len v\u00fdhody? Ako je mo\u017en\u00e9, \u017ee po tak\u00fdchto \u00favah\u00e1ch m\u00f4\u017eeme bra\u0165 v\u00e1\u017ene v\u0161etko, \u010do hovor\u00ed a rob\u00ed tak\u00e1to spolo\u010dnos\u0165? Naozaj autori tak\u00fdchto \u201eanalytick\u00fdch\u201c \u010dl\u00e1nkov nestretli s popul\u00e1rnymi pojmami vo svete IT, ako s\u00fa \u201euse case\u201c alebo \u201eit depends\u201c?<\/p>\n<h3>V\u00fdhody VDI pod\u013ea Parallels:<\/h3>\n<p>\nUveden\u00e9 v \u010dl\u00e1nku v\u00fdhody VDI s\u00fa zauj\u00edmavo zv\u00fdraznen\u00e9. <\/p>\n<p><u>VDI zabezpe\u010duje centralizovan\u00e9 riadenie d\u00e1t.<\/u><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>A ktor\u00e9 konkr\u00e9tne d\u00e1ta? \u00dalohou VDI je poskytovanie vzdialen\u00e9ho pr\u00edstupu k virtu\u00e1lnemu desktopu. Pri pou\u017eit\u00ed <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/vpn\/\"   title=\"VPN\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"106\">VPN<\/a> na pr\u00edstup do firemnej siete, napr\u00edklad na firemn\u00fd SharePoint, bud\u00fa d\u00e1ta tie\u017e riaden\u00e9 centr\u00e1lne.<\/li>\n<li>Mo\u017eno, ak pod centralizovan\u00fdm riaden\u00edm d\u00e1t rozumieme u\u017e\u00edvate\u013esk\u00e9 profily, potom je toto tvrdenie spr\u00e1vne.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\n<u>VDI poskytuje bezprobl\u00e9mov\u00fd pr\u00edstup k pracovn\u00fdm s\u00faborom a aplik\u00e1ci\u00e1m pomocou najnov\u0161\u00edch \u0161ifrovac\u00edch protokolov.<\/u><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>O \u010dom hovor\u00edte, p\u00e1ni? Ak\u00e9 s\u00fa to nov\u00e9 \u0161ifrovacie protokoly od Parallels? TLS 1.3? A \u010do potom VPN?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\n<u>VDI nem\u00e1 pot\u0159ebu optimalizovan\u00e9 \u0161\u00ed\u0159ky p\u00e1sma.<\/u><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Opravdu? Pokud tomu spr\u00e1vn\u011b rozum\u00edm, pro Parallels RAS nez\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed na tom, zda m\u00e1 u\u017eivatel dva 4K 32\u201c monitory nebo jeden 15\u201c laptop? Pr\u00e1v\u011b pro optimalizaci \u0161\u00ed\u0159ky p\u00e1sma byly vytvo\u0159eny takov\u00e9 protokoly, jako jsou ICA\/HDX (Citrix), Blast (VMware).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\n<u>Jeliko\u017e je VDI v datov\u00e9m centru, nen\u00ed pro koncov\u00e9ho u\u017eivatele pot\u0159eba 'v\u00fdkonn\u00fd hardware'.<\/u><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Toto tvrzen\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt pravdiv\u00e9, nap\u0159\u00edklad p\u0159i pou\u017eit\u00ed tenk\u00fdch klient\u016f, ale je to zcela abstraktn\u00ed a nezohled\u0148uje r\u016fzn\u00e9 sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159e.<\/li>\n<li>Co se v roce 2020 naz\u00fdv\u00e1 v\u00fdkonn\u00fdm hardwarem pro koncov\u00e9ho u\u017eivatele?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\n<u>VDI umo\u017e\u0148uje p\u0159ipojen\u00ed z r\u016fzn\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, jako jsou nap\u0159\u00edklad tablety a chytr\u00e9 telefony.<\/u><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>To je bezpochyby spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 tvrzen\u00ed. Ale nel\u017eeme si do kapsy, pokud je mo\u017en\u00e9 pracovat z tabletu, tak ze smartphonu\u2026 Snad jen z n\u011bkter\u00fdch chytr\u00fdch telefon\u016f s extern\u00edm monitorem.<\/li>\n<li>Pr\u00e1ce u\u017eivatele by m\u011bla b\u00fdt pohodln\u00e1 a nem\u011bla by naru\u0161ovat jeho zrak. Nap\u0159\u00edklad j\u00e1 pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1m 28\u201c monitor, ale pl\u00e1nuju p\u0159ej\u00edt na v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u00fahlop\u0159\u00ed\u010dku.<\/li>\n<li>Notebook je nyn\u00ed nejpopul\u00e1rn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed po\u010d\u00edta\u010d pro korpor\u00e1tn\u00ed pou\u017eit\u00ed.<\/li>\n<li>P\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1m, \u017ee VPN klienti jsou k dispozici jak pro tablety, tak pro chytr\u00e9 telefony.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\n<u>VDI poskytuje p\u0159\u00edstup k aplikac\u00edm Windows z jin\u00fdch opera\u010dn\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f, jako jsou Mac a Linux.<\/u><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Domn\u00edv\u00e1m se, \u017ee si kolegov\u00e9 jednodu\u0161e spletli pojmy a mluv\u00ed v\u016fbec ne o VDI, ale o Hosted Application. <\/li>\n<li>Pokud jde o VPN, p\u0159edn\u00ed v\u00fdrobci, nap\u0159\u00edklad Cisco nebo CheckPoint, samoz\u0159ejm\u011b nab\u00edzej\u00ed VPN klienty jak pro Mac, tak pro Linux. Citrix tak\u00e9 nab\u00edz\u00ed VPN, v\u010detn\u011b sv\u00fdch VDI \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3>Nev\u00fdhody VDI<\/h3>\n<p>\n<b>N\u00e1klady na nasazen\u00ed<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>bude pot\u0159eba dodate\u010dn\u00fd hardware, spousta hardware. <\/li>\n<li>je nutn\u00e9 zakoupit dal\u0161\u00ed licence, a to jak na z\u00e1kladn\u00ed infrastrukturu (Windows Server), tak na samotn\u00e9 VDI (Windows 10 + Citrix CVAD, VMware Horizon nebo Parallels RAS).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\n<b>Slo\u017eitost \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>nemo\u017eno jednodu\u0161e vz\u00edt a nainstalovat Windows 10, nazvat to 'zlat\u00fdm obrazem' a pak jednodu\u0161e rozmno\u017eit na X kopi\u00ed.<\/li>\n<li>p\u0159i n\u00e1vrhu je pot\u0159eba zohlednit \u0159adu nuanc\u00ed, po\u010d\u00ednaje geografickou polohou a kon\u010de hodnocen\u00edm skute\u010dn\u00e9 pot\u0159eby u\u017eivatel\u016f (CPU, RAM, GPU, Disk, LAN, Software). <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\n<b>VDI vs. HSD<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Pre\u010do je t\u00e9mou diskusie len VDI a nie Hosted Shared Desktop alebo Hosted Shared Application. T\u00e1to technol\u00f3gia vy\u017eaduje v\u00fdrazne menej zdrojov a hod\u00ed sa v 80 % pr\u00edpadov.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3>Nev\u00fdhody VPN<\/h3>\n<p>\n<u>Neexistuje granularn\u00e1 kontrola na monitorovanie a obmedzovanie pr\u00edstupu pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov<\/u><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>VPN klient m\u00f4\u017ee ma\u0165 dostato\u010dne zlo\u017eit\u00fd a granularn\u00fd mechanizmus kontroly pr\u00edstupu, ako napr\u00edklad nie\u010do podobn\u00e9 \u201eSystem Compliance Scanning, Policy Compliance Enforcement, End Point Analysis\u201d<\/li>\n<li>Ke\u010f\u017ee \u010dl\u00e1nok sa zaober\u00e1 VDI, ani tu neexistuje osobitn\u00e1 granularn\u00e1 kontrola, v\u0161etko je ve\u013emi jednoduch\u00e9, bu\u010f je pr\u00edstup, alebo nie. <\/li>\n<li>U\u017e existuj\u00fa analytick\u00e9 syst\u00e9my, ktor\u00e9 na z\u00e1klade d\u00e1t o VPN a in\u00fdch pripojeniach centralizovane monitoruj\u00fa situ\u00e1ciu a varuj\u00fa pred ne\u0161tandardn\u00fdm spr\u00e1van\u00edm pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013ea. Napr\u00edklad \u2013 ne\u0161tandardn\u00e9 alebo nepl\u00e1novan\u00e9 zv\u00fd\u0161enie \u0161\u00edrky p\u00e1sma.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\n<u>Korpor\u00e1tne \u00fadaje nie s\u00fa centralizovan\u00e9 a s\u00fa \u0165a\u017eko spravovate\u013en\u00e9<\/u><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Ani VDI, ani VPN nie s\u00fa navrhnut\u00e9 na centralizovan\u00e9 riadenie korpor\u00e1tnych inform\u00e1ci\u00ed. <\/li>\n<li>Neviem si predstavi\u0165, \u017ee v seri\u00f3znej spolo\u010dnosti s\u00fa kritick\u00e9 inform\u00e1cie na lok\u00e1lnom po\u010d\u00edta\u010di pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013ea.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\n<u>Vy\u017eaduje sa ve\u013ek\u00e1 kapacita pripojenia<\/u><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>S t\u00fdmto tvrden\u00edm s\u00fahlas\u00edm len \u010diasto\u010dne. V\u0161etko z\u00e1vis\u00ed od \u0161pecifik\u00e1cie pr\u00e1ce pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013ea. Ak sleduje 4K video cez firemn\u00fa sie\u0165, tak ur\u010dite. <\/li>\n<li>Skuto\u010dn\u00fd probl\u00e9m je, \u017ee cel\u00fd internetov\u00fd provoz vzdialen\u00fdch pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov je smerovan\u00fd cez firemn\u00fa sie\u0165. Mo\u017eno by st\u00e1lo za to pok\u00fasi\u0165 sa nastavi\u0165 oddelen\u00fd prev\u00e1dzkov\u00fd tok. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\n<u>Kone\u010dn\u00e9mu pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eovi je potrebn\u00fd kvalitn\u00fd hardv\u00e9r<\/u><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Toto tvrdenie nie je celkom pravdiv\u00e9, preto\u017ee skuto\u010dn\u00e1 spotreba zdrojov z\u00e1vis\u00ed od konfigur\u00e1cie, ale aj tak je minim\u00e1lna. <\/li>\n<li>VDI klient tie\u017e spotreb\u00fava zdroje a celkovo v\u0161etko z\u00e1vis\u00ed od intenzity pr\u00e1ce pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013ea.<\/li>\n<li>V\u0161eobecne sa firemn\u00fdm pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eom zabezpe\u010duje kvalitn\u00e9 vybavenie, vych\u00e1dzaj\u00fac z rozumn\u00e9ho obdobia pou\u017eitia a n\u00e1vratnosti. Pri projektovan\u00ed by cena tak\u00e9ho zariadenia mala by\u0165 ni\u017e\u0161ia ako cena prestojov koncov\u00e9ho pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013ea. Nikto do projektu nezah\u0155\u0148a vedome zl\u00e9 vybavenie.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\n<u>Nie je mo\u017en\u00e9 z\u00edska\u0165 pr\u00edstup k aplik\u00e1ci\u00e1m Windows na in\u00fdch opera\u010dn\u00fdch syst\u00e9moch.<\/u><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>D\u00f4vodom tohto vyhl\u00e1senia je zrejme to, \u017ee kolegovia nie s\u00fa informovan\u00ed, \u017ee VPN m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 prakticky pre ka\u017ed\u00fa modern\u00fa platformu \u2013 Windows, Linux, MacOS, iOS, Android a podobne.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3>Krit\u00e9ri\u00e1 vpl\u00fdvaj\u00face na v\u00fdber jedn\u00e9ho alebo druh\u00e9ho rie\u0161enia<\/h3>\n<p>\n<b>Infra\u0161trukt\u00fara pre VDI<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Zd\u00e1 sa, \u017ee apologeti VDI zab\u00fadaj\u00fa, \u017ee na VDI je potrebn\u00e1 zna\u010dn\u00e1 infra\u0161trukt\u00fara, predov\u0161etk\u00fdm servery a SAN. Tak\u00e1to infra\u0161trukt\u00fara nie je bezplatn\u00e1. Jej nasadenie si vy\u017eaduje starostliv\u00fd v\u00fdber potrebn\u00fdch komponentov, v s\u00falade s va\u0161im konkr\u00e9tnym scen\u00e1rom.<\/p>\n<p><b>Pracovn\u00e9 miesto pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013ea<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Na \u010dom by mal pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013e pracova\u0165? Na svojom osobnom notebooku alebo na firemnom, ktor\u00fd si m\u00f4\u017ee vzia\u0165 domov? Alebo mu mo\u017eno bude sta\u010di\u0165 tablet alebo tenk\u00fd klient?<\/li>\n<li>M\u00f4\u017ee sa pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013e pripoji\u0165 k firemnej sieti zo svojho dom\u00e1ceho po\u010d\u00edta\u010da?<\/li>\n<li>Ako zabezpe\u010di\u0165 bezpe\u010dnos\u0165 dom\u00e1ceho po\u010d\u00edta\u010da a splnenie bezpe\u010dnostn\u00fdch po\u017eiadaviek spolo\u010dnosti?<\/li>\n<li>Ako je to u pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013ea so r\u00fdchlos\u0165ou pr\u00edstupu na internet (mo\u017eno si bude musie\u0165 deli\u0165 pripojenie s ostatn\u00fdmi \u010dlenmi rodiny)?<\/li>\n<li>Nezabudnite, \u017ee vo va\u0161ej spolo\u010dnosti existuj\u00fa r\u00f4zne skupiny pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov, ako napr\u00edklad predajn\u00e9 oddelenie zvyknut\u00e9 pracova\u0165 z domu, alebo oddelenie technickej podpory v call-centre. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\n<b>Potrebn\u00e9 aplik\u00e1cie pre pr\u00e1cu <\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Ak\u00e9 s\u00fa po\u017eiadavky na z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 pracovn\u00e9 aplik\u00e1cie pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013ea?<\/li>\n<li>Webov\u00e9 aplik\u00e1cie, lok\u00e1lne nain\u0161talovan\u00e9 aplik\u00e1cie alebo u\u017e pou\u017e\u00edvate VDI, SAN, SHA?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\n<b>Internet a \u010fal\u0161ie zdroje spolo\u010dnosti<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>M\u00e1 va\u0161a spolo\u010dnos\u0165 dostato\u010dn\u00fa \u0161\u00edrku p\u00e1sma na to, aby obsl\u00fa\u017eila v\u0161etk\u00fdch vzdialen\u00fdch pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov?<\/li>\n<li>Ak u\u017e pou\u017e\u00edvate VPN, zvl\u00e1dne va\u0161e zariadenie \u010fal\u0161iu z\u00e1\u0165a\u017e?<\/li>\n<li>Ak u\u017e pou\u017e\u00edvate VDI, SAN, SHA, s\u00fa zdroje dostato\u010dn\u00e9?<\/li>\n<li>Ako r\u00fdchlo budete schopn\u00ed zv\u00fd\u0161i\u0165 potrebn\u00e9 zdroje?<\/li>\n<li>Ako sa vysporiada\u0165 so splnen\u00edm bezpe\u010dnostn\u00fdch po\u017eiadaviek? Pracuj\u00faci z domu nebud\u00fa schopn\u00ed splni\u0165 v\u0161etky bezpe\u010dnostn\u00e9 po\u017eiadavky.<\/li>\n<li>Ako to bude s technickou podporou, najm\u00e4 ak sa rozhodnete pre r\u00fdchle nasadenie novej technol\u00f3gie pre pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov?<\/li>\n<li>Mo\u017eno pou\u017e\u00edvate hybridn\u00e9 cloudov\u00e9 rie\u0161enia a m\u00f4\u017eete presun\u00fa\u0165 \u010das\u0165 zdrojov?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3>Z\u00e1ver<\/h3>\n<p>\nAko m\u00f4\u017eete vidie\u0165 z vy\u0161\u0161ie uveden\u00e9ho, spr\u00e1vny v\u00fdber technol\u00f3gi\u00ed je proces zalo\u017een\u00fd na obozretnej \u00favahe mnoh\u00fdch faktorov. Ak\u00fdko\u013evek IT odborn\u00edk, ktor\u00fd bezv\u00fdhradne tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee jedna technol\u00f3gia m\u00e1 nepopierate\u013en\u00e9 v\u00fdhody, len ukazuje svoju nekompetentnos\u0165. Nestr\u00e1cal by som svoj \u010das diskusiou s n\u00edm\u2026 <\/p>\n<p>Drah\u00fd \u010ditate\u013e, prajem v\u00e1m stretnutia len s kompetentn\u00fdmi IT odborn\u00edkmi. 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