{"id":90288,"date":"2020-07-30T13:42:19","date_gmt":"2020-07-30T11:42:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/kriticheskaya-uyazvimost-v-zagruzchike-grub2-pozvolyayushhaya-obojti-uefi-secure-boot"},"modified":"2020-07-30T13:42:19","modified_gmt":"2020-07-30T11:42:19","slug":"kriticheskaya-uyazvimost-v-zagruzchike-grub2-pozvolyayushhaya-obojti-uefi-secure-boot","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/blog\/news\/kriticheskaya-uyazvimost-v-zagruzchike-grub2-pozvolyayushhaya-obojti-uefi-secure-boot","title":{"rendered":"Kritick\u00e1 zranite\u013enos\u0165 v zav\u00e1dza\u010di GRUB2, ktor\u00e1 umo\u017e\u0148uje ob\u00eds\u0165 UEFI Secure Boot","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>V zav\u00e1dza\u010di GRUB2 <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.openwall.com\/lists\/oss-security\/2020\/07\/29\/3\">zisten\u00e9<\/a><\/noindex> 8 zranite\u013enost\u00ed. Najnebezpe\u010dnej\u0161ia <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/kb.cert.org\/vuls\/id\/174059\">probl\u00e9ma<\/a><\/noindex> (<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/security-tracker.debian.org\/tracker\/CVE-2020-10713\">CVE-2020-10713<\/a><\/noindex>), ktorej bolo priraden\u00e9 k\u00f3dov\u00e9 meno BootHole, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/eclypsium.com\/2020\/07\/29\/theres-a-hole-in-the-boot\/\">umo\u017e\u0148uje<\/a><\/noindex> ob\u00eds\u0165 mechanizmus UEFI Secure Boot a dosiahnu\u0165 in\u0161tal\u00e1ciu neoveren\u00e9ho \u0161kodliv\u00e9ho softv\u00e9ru. Osobitos\u0165ou tejto zranite\u013enosti je, \u017ee na jej odstr\u00e1nenie nesta\u010d\u00ed aktualizova\u0165 GRUB2, preto\u017ee \u00fato\u010dn\u00edk m\u00f4\u017ee pou\u017ei\u0165 zav\u00e1dzac\u00ed nosi\u010d so starou zranite\u013enou verziou, ktor\u00e1 je podp\u00edsan\u00e1 digit\u00e1lnym podpisom. \u00dato\u010dn\u00edk m\u00f4\u017ee kompromitova\u0165 proces overovania nielen pre Linux, ale aj pre in\u00e9 opera\u010dn\u00e9 syst\u00e9my, vr\u00e1tane <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/portal.msrc.microsoft.com\/en-US\/security-guidance\/advisory\/ADV200011\">Windows<\/a><\/noindex>. <\/p>\n<p>Probl\u00e9ma sa rie\u0161i len aktualiz\u00e1ciou v syst\u00e9me <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/uefi.org\/revocationlistfile\">zoznamu zru\u0161en\u00fdch certifik\u00e1tov<\/a><\/noindex> (dbx, UEFI Revocation List), ale v tomto pr\u00edpade sa strat\u00ed mo\u017enos\u0165 pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 star\u00e9 in\u0161tala\u010dn\u00e9 nosi\u010de s Linuxom. Niektor\u00ed v\u00fdrobcovia hardv\u00e9ru u\u017e zahrnuli do svojich firmware aktualizovan\u00fd zoznam zru\u0161en\u00fdch certifik\u00e1tov, na tak\u00fdchto syst\u00e9moch v re\u017eime UEFI Secure Boot bude mo\u017en\u00e9 na\u010d\u00edta\u0165 len aktualizovan\u00e9 zostavy distrib\u00faci\u00ed Linux. <\/p>\n<p>Na odstr\u00e1nenie zranite\u013enosti v distrib\u00faci\u00e1ch bude taktie\u017e potrebn\u00e9 aktualizova\u0165 in\u0161tal\u00e1tory, zav\u00e1dza\u010de, bal\u00edky s jadrom, fwupd firmv\u00e9r a shim vrstvu, pri\u010dom sa pre nich vygeneruj\u00fa nov\u00e9 digit\u00e1lne podpisy. Pou\u017e\u00edvatelia bud\u00fa musie\u0165 aktualizova\u0165 in\u0161tala\u010dn\u00e9 obrazy a in\u00e9 zav\u00e1dzacie nosi\u010de, ako aj na\u010d\u00edta\u0165 zoznam zru\u0161en\u00fdch certifik\u00e1tov (dbx) do firmware UEFI. Pred aktualiz\u00e1ciou dbx v UEFI zost\u00e1va syst\u00e9m zranite\u013en\u00fd, nez\u00e1visle od in\u0161talovania aktualiz\u00e1ci\u00ed v OS. <\/p>\n<p>Zranite\u013enos\u0165 <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/access.redhat.com\/security\/vulnerabilities\/grub2bootloader\">je sp\u00f4soben\u00e1<\/a><\/noindex> preplnen\u00edm vyrovn\u00e1vacej pam\u00e4te, ktor\u00e1 m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 zneu\u017eit\u00e1 na vykonanie \u013eubovo\u013en\u00e9ho k\u00f3du po\u010das zav\u00e1dzania.<br \/>\nZranite\u013enos\u0165 sa prejavuje pri anal\u00fdze obsahu s\u00faboru konfigur\u00e1cie grub.cfg, ktor\u00fd sa zvy\u010dajne nach\u00e1dza v oddiele ESP (EFI System Partition) a m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 upraven\u00fd \u00fato\u010dn\u00edkom s pr\u00e1vami administr\u00e1tora, bez poru\u0161enia integrity podp\u00edsan\u00fdch spustite\u013en\u00fdch s\u00faborov shim a GRUB2. V d\u00f4sledku <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/lists.gnu.org\/archive\/html\/grub-devel\/2020-07\/msg00019.html\">chyby<\/a><\/noindex> V k\u00f3de parsera konfigur\u00e1cie spracovate\u013e fat\u00e1lnych ch\u00fdb anal\u00fdzy YY_FATAL_ERROR len vypisoval varovanie, ale neukon\u010dil pr\u00e1cu programu. Riziko zranite\u013enosti sa zni\u017euje potrebou ma\u0165 privilegovan\u00fd pr\u00edstup k syst\u00e9mu, napriek tomu m\u00f4\u017ee probl\u00e9m predstavova\u0165 dopyt po zaveden\u00ed skryt\u00fdch rootkitov pri fyzickom pr\u00edstupe k zariadeniu (ak je mo\u017en\u00e9 bootovanie z vlastn\u00e9ho zariadenia).<\/p>\n<p>Vo v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ine Linux distrib\u00faci\u00ed sa na overen\u00fd \u0161tart pou\u017e\u00edva mal\u00e1 <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=36077\">vrstva shim<\/a><\/noindex>, overen\u00e1 digit\u00e1lnym podpisom Microsoftu. T\u00e1to vrstva overuje GRUB2 vlastn\u00fdm certifik\u00e1tom, \u010do umo\u017e\u0148uje v\u00fdvoj\u00e1rom distrib\u00faci\u00ed neoverova\u0165 ka\u017ed\u00fa aktualiz\u00e1ciu jadra a GRUB v Microsofte. Zranite\u013enos\u0165 umo\u017e\u0148uje prostredn\u00edctvom zmeny obsahu grub.cfg dosiahnu\u0165 vykonanie vlastn\u00e9ho k\u00f3du v \u0161t\u00e1diu po \u00faspe\u0161nej verifik\u00e1cii shim, ale pred na\u010d\u00edtan\u00edm opera\u010dn\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu, pri\u010dom sa vkr\u00e1da do re\u0165azca d\u00f4very pri akt\u00edvnom re\u017eime Secure Boot a z\u00edska pln\u00fa kontrolu nad \u010fal\u0161\u00edm procesom bootovania, vr\u00e1tane na\u0161tartovania in\u00e9ho OS, modifik\u00e1cie komponentov opera\u010dn\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu a obch\u00e1dzania ochrany. <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=51591\">Lockdown<\/a><\/noindex>. <\/p>\n<p><center><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/lh6.googleusercontent.com\/EWWksJQKlwJyur1cBV5lCanfbF5m36DxRDQs8Ax6K9jn0Au5yWdmK5tQAtULQm-qQw9zOafCD1Pvny5vMJWdbhTr4FV9Qlnk_FQpXI6GbeiuKOjJ5uFMy9pnasLRsfR-Ll58p2Gr\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Kritick\u00e1 zranite\u013enos\u0165 v zav\u00e1dza\u010di GRUB2, ktor\u00e1 umo\u017e\u0148uje ob\u00eds\u0165 UEFI Secure Boot\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/d8def940f6d08206bdf1261d57288fba.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/a><\/noindex><\/center><\/p>\n<p>\u010eal\u0161ie zranite\u013enosti v GRUB2:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/security-tracker.debian.org\/tracker\/CVE-2020-14308\">CVE-2020-14308<\/a><\/noindex> \u2014 prekro\u010denie z\u00e1sobn\u00edka sp\u00f4soben\u00e9 nedostatkom kontroly ve\u013ekosti pridelen\u00e9ho pam\u00e4\u0165ov\u00e9ho bloku v grub_malloc;\n<li class=\"l\"> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/security-tracker.debian.org\/tracker\/CVE-2020-14309\">CVE-2020-14309<\/a><\/noindex> \u2014 celo\u010d\u00edseln\u00e9 prekro\u010denie v grub_squash_read_symlink, ktor\u00e9 m\u00f4\u017ee vies\u0165 k z\u00e1pisu d\u00e1t za hranice pridelen\u00e9ho z\u00e1sobn\u00edka;\n<li class=\"l\"> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/security-tracker.debian.org\/tracker\/CVE-2020-14310\">CVE-2020-14310<\/a><\/noindex> \u2014 celo\u010d\u00edseln\u00e9 prekro\u010denie v read_section_from_string, ktor\u00e9 m\u00f4\u017ee vies\u0165 k z\u00e1pisu d\u00e1t za hranice pridelen\u00e9ho z\u00e1sobn\u00edka;\n<li class=\"l\"> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/security-tracker.debian.org\/tracker\/CVE-2020-14311\">CVE-2020-14311<\/a><\/noindex> \u2014 celo\u010d\u00edseln\u00e9 prekro\u010denie v grub_ext2_read_link, ktor\u00e9 m\u00f4\u017ee vies\u0165 k z\u00e1pisu d\u00e1t za hranice pridelen\u00e9ho z\u00e1sobn\u00edka;\n<li class=\"l\"> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/security-tracker.debian.org\/tracker\/CVE-2020-15705\">CVE-2020-15705<\/a><\/noindex> \u2014 umo\u017e\u0148uje na\u010d\u00edta\u0165 nepodepsan\u00e9 jadr\u00e1 pri priamom bootovan\u00ed v re\u017eime Secure Boot bez shim vrstvy;\n<li class=\"l\"> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/security-tracker.debian.org\/tracker\/CVE-2020-15706\">CVE-2020-15706<\/a><\/noindex> \u2014 pr\u00edstup k u\u017e uvo\u013enenej pam\u00e4\u0165ovej oblasti (use-after-free) pri prepisovan\u00ed funkcie po\u010das behu;\n<li class=\"l\"> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/security-tracker.debian.org\/tracker\/CVE-2020-15707\">CVE-2020-15707<\/a><\/noindex> \u2014 celo\u010d\u00edseln\u00e9 prekro\u010denie v spr\u00e1vcovi ve\u013ekosti initrd.\n<\/ul>\n<p>Aktualiz\u00e1cie bal\u00ed\u010dkov s opravami boli vydan\u00e9 pre <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.debian.org\/security\/2020-GRUB-UEFI-SecureBoot\/#package_updates\">Debian<\/a><\/noindex>, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/ubuntu.com\/\/blog\/mitigating-boothole-theres-a-hole-in-the-boot-cve-2020-10713-and-related-vulnerabilities\">Ubuntu<\/a><\/noindex>, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/access.redhat.com\/security\/cve\/cve-2020-10713\">RHEL<\/a><\/noindex> a <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.suse.com\/c\/suse-addresses-grub2-secure-boot-issue\/\">SUSE<\/a><\/noindex>. Pre GRUB2 <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/lists.gnu.org\/archive\/html\/grub-devel\/2020-07\/msg00034.html\">je navrhnut\u00fd<\/a><\/noindex> bal\u00edk patchov.<\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"link\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p>Zdroj: <a \ncontent=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=53454\">opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0412 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0435 GRUB2 \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043e 8 \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0439. \u041d\u0430\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0430 (CVE-2020-10713), \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0432\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043e \u043a\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u0438\u043c\u044f BootHole, \u0434\u0430\u0451\u0442 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0439\u0442\u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c UEFI Secure Boot \u0438 \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u041f\u041e. \u041e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0442\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0435\u0451 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c GRUB2, \u0442\u0430\u043a \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0430\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0441\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0435\u0439, \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0446\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044c\u044e. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":90289,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-90288","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.4 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0412 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0435 GRUB2 \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043e 8 \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0439.\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Yuri Gagarin\"\/>\n\t<link rel=\"canonical\" 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