{"id":90395,"date":"2020-07-31T13:42:28","date_gmt":"2020-07-31T11:42:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/ibm-otkryl-tulkit-gomomorfnogo-shifrovaniya-dlya-linux"},"modified":"2020-07-31T13:42:28","modified_gmt":"2020-07-31T11:42:28","slug":"ibm-otkryl-tulkit-gomomorfnogo-shifrovaniya-dlya-linux","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/blog\/news\/ibm-otkryl-tulkit-gomomorfnogo-shifrovaniya-dlya-linux","title":{"rendered":"IBM otvoril toolkit homomorfn\u00e9ho \u0161ifrovania pre Linux","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Spolo\u010dnos\u0165 IBM vyhl\u00e1sila<\/a><\/noindex> o otvoren\u00ed zdrojov\u00fdch k\u00f3dov n\u00e1strojov\u00e9ho bal\u00edka FHE<\/a><\/noindex> (IBM Fully Homomorphic Encryption) s implement\u00e1ciou syst\u00e9mu pln\u00e9ho homomorfn\u00e9ho \u0161ifrovania<\/a><\/noindex> na spracovanie \u00fadajov v za\u0161ifrovanej podobe. FHE umo\u017e\u0148uje vytv\u00e1ra\u0165 slu\u017eby pre d\u00f4vern\u00fa v\u00fdpo\u010dtov\u00fa techniku, kde s\u00fa \u00fadaje spracov\u00e1van\u00e9 za\u0161ifrovan\u00e9 a neobjavuj\u00fa sa v otvorenej forme v \u017eiadnom z etap. V\u00fdsledok je tie\u017e generovan\u00fd za\u0161ifrovan\u00fd. K\u00f3d je nap\u00edsan\u00fd v jazyku C++ a distribuovan\u00fd<\/a><\/noindex> pod licenciou MIT. Okrem verzie pre Linux sa s\u00fa\u010dasne vyv\u00edjaj\u00fa podobn\u00e9 n\u00e1strojov\u00e9 bal\u00edky pre macOS<\/a><\/noindex> a iOS<\/a><\/noindex>, nap\u00edsan\u00e9 v Objective-C. V najbli\u017e\u0161\u00edch d\u0148och sa o\u010dak\u00e1va publik\u00e1cia variantu pre Android<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n

FHE podporuje \u00fapln\u00e9<\/a><\/noindex> homomorfn\u00e9 oper\u00e1cie, ktor\u00e9 umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00fa vykon\u00e1va\u0165 s\u010d\u00edtanie a n\u00e1sobenie \u0161ifrovan\u00fdch \u00fadajov (t. j. je mo\u017en\u00e9 realizova\u0165 ak\u00e9ko\u013evek \u013eubovo\u013en\u00e9 v\u00fdpo\u010dty) a z\u00edska\u0165 na v\u00fdstupe \u0161ifrovan\u00fd v\u00fdsledok, ktor\u00fd by bol anal\u00f3gom \u0161ifrovania v\u00fdsledku s\u010d\u00edtania alebo n\u00e1sobenia p\u00f4vodn\u00fdch \u00fadajov. Homomorfn\u00e9 \u0161ifrovanie m\u00f4\u017eeme pova\u017eova\u0165 za \u010fal\u0161\u00ed krok v evol\u00facii end-to-end \u0161ifrovania \u2014 okrem ochrany prenosu \u00fadajov poskytuje mo\u017enos\u0165 spracovania \u00fadajov bez ich de\u0161ifrovania. <\/p>\n

Z praktick\u00e9ho h\u013eadiska m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 r\u00e1mec u\u017eito\u010dn\u00fd pri organizovan\u00ed d\u00f4vern\u00e9ho cloudov\u00e9ho v\u00fdpo\u010dtu, v syst\u00e9moch elektronick\u00e9ho hlasovania, v anonymizovan\u00fdch protokoloch smerovania, na \u0161ifrovan\u00e9 spracovanie dopytov v DBMS, pre d\u00f4vern\u00e9 tr\u00e9ningy syst\u00e9mov strojov\u00e9ho u\u010denia. Ako pr\u00edklad aplik\u00e1cie FHE sa uv\u00e1dza organiz\u00e1cia anal\u00fdzy inform\u00e1ci\u00ed o pacientoch v zdravotn\u00edckych zariadeniach pois\u0165ov\u0148ami bez toho, aby pois\u0165ov\u0148a mala pr\u00edstup k inform\u00e1ci\u00e1m, ktor\u00e9 by mohli identifikova\u0165 konkr\u00e9tnych pacientov. Rovnako sa spom\u00edna<\/a><\/noindex> v\u00fdvoj syst\u00e9mov strojov\u00e9ho u\u010denia na odha\u013eovanie podvodn\u00fdch oper\u00e1ci\u00ed s kreditn\u00fdmi kartami na z\u00e1klade spracovania za\u0161ifrovan\u00fdch anonymn\u00fdch finan\u010dn\u00fdch transakci\u00ed.<\/p>\n

N\u00e1strojov\u00fd bal\u00edk obsahuje kni\u017enicu HElib<\/a><\/noindex> s implement\u00e1ciou nieko\u013ek\u00fdch sch\u00e9m homomorfn\u00e9ho \u0161ifrovania, integrovan\u00e9 v\u00fdvojov\u00e9 prostredie (pr\u00e1ca sa vykon\u00e1va prostredn\u00edctvom prehliada\u010da) a s\u00fabor pr\u00edkladov. Na zjednodu\u0161enie nasadenia s\u00fa pripraven\u00e9 hotov\u00e9 docker obrazy na b\u00e1ze CentOS, Fedora a Ubuntu. K dispoz\u00edcii s\u00fa tie\u017e pokyny na zostavenie n\u00e1strojov\u00e9ho bal\u00edka zo zdrojov\u00fdch k\u00f3dov a jeho in\u0161tal\u00e1ciu na lok\u00e1lny syst\u00e9m.<\/p>\n

Projekt sa vyv\u00edja od roku 2009, no dosiahnu\u0165 prijate\u013en\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky v\u00fdkonnosti, ktor\u00e9 umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00fa jeho praktick\u00e9 pou\u017eitie, sa podarilo a\u017e teraz. Uv\u00e1dza sa, \u017ee FHE spr\u00edstup\u0148uje homomorfn\u00e9 v\u00fdpo\u010dty v\u0161etk\u00fdm, tak\u017ee be\u017en\u00ed firemn\u00ed program\u00e1tori bud\u00fa schopn\u00ed za min\u00fatu vykona\u0165 t\u00fa ist\u00fa pr\u00e1cu, ktor\u00e1 predt\u00fdm vy\u017eadovala hodiny a dni za \u00fa\u010dasti odborn\u00edkov s akademick\u00fdm titulom.<\/p>\n


\n
\r\n \"Prehrajte\r\n
<\/div>\r\n <\/div><\/center><\/p>\n

Medzi \u010fal\u0161\u00edmi v\u00fdvojmi v oblasti d\u00f4vern\u00fdch v\u00fdpo\u010dtov mo\u017eno spomen\u00fa\u0165 publik\u00e1ciu projektu<\/a><\/noindex> OpenDP<\/a><\/noindex> s implement\u00e1ciou met\u00f3d diferenci\u00e1lnej ochrany s\u00fakromia<\/a><\/noindex>, ktor\u00e9 umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00fa vykon\u00e1va\u0165 \u0161tatistick\u00e9 oper\u00e1cie na datov\u00fdch s\u00faboroch s dostato\u010dne vysokou presnos\u0165ou bez mo\u017enosti identifik\u00e1cie jednotliv\u00fdch z\u00e1znamov. Projekt sa vyv\u00edja v spolupr\u00e1ci s v\u00fdskumn\u00edkmi z firmy Microsoft a Harvardskej univerzity. Implement\u00e1cia je nap\u00edsan\u00e1 v Rust a Python a dod\u00e1va sa<\/a><\/noindex> pod licenciou MIT.<\/p>\n

Anal\u00fdza pomocou met\u00f3d diferenci\u00e1lnej privatiz\u00e1cie umo\u017e\u0148uje organiz\u00e1ci\u00e1m vykon\u00e1va\u0165 analytick\u00e9 v\u00fdbery zo \u0161tatistick\u00fdch DB, pri\u010dom neumo\u017e\u0148uje vyzdvihn\u00fa\u0165 z celkov\u00fdch inform\u00e1ci\u00ed parametre konkr\u00e9tnych os\u00f4b. Napr\u00edklad pri zis\u0165ovan\u00ed rozdielov v starostlivosti o pacientov m\u00f4\u017eu v\u00fdskumn\u00edci dosta\u0165 inform\u00e1cie, ktor\u00e9 umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00fa porovna\u0165 priemern\u00fd \u010das pobytu pacientov v nemocniciach, pri\u010dom sa zachov\u00e1va d\u00f4vernos\u0165 pacientov a zabra\u0148uje sa odhaleniu \u00fadajov o nich. <\/p>\n

Na ochranu identifikovate\u013en\u00fdch osobn\u00fdch alebo d\u00f4vern\u00fdch inform\u00e1ci\u00ed sa pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa dva mechanizmy: 1. Pridanie do ka\u017ed\u00e9ho v\u00fdsledku mal\u00e9ho \u0161tatistick\u00e9ho \u201e\u0161umu\u201c, ktor\u00fd neovplyv\u0148uje presnos\u0165 vy\u0165a\u017eite\u013en\u00fdch \u00fadajov, ale maskuje pr\u00edspevok jednotliv\u00fdch prvkov \u00fadajov.
\n2. Vyu\u017eitie rozpo\u010dtu d\u00f4vernosti, ktor\u00fd obmedzuje objem vy\u017eadovan\u00fdch \u00fadajov pre ka\u017ed\u00fd dotaz a zabra\u0148uje \u010fal\u0161\u00edm dotazom, ktor\u00e9 m\u00f4\u017eu naru\u0161i\u0165 d\u00f4vernos\u0165.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Zdroj: opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f IBM \u043e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u043e\u0431 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u0438\u0438 \u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0442\u0443\u043b\u043a\u0438\u0442\u0430 FHE (IBM Fully Homomorphic Encryption) \u0441 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0433\u043e\u043c\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0440\u0444\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0448\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432 \u0448\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435. FHE \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441\u044b \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u044b\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439, \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0448\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u0444\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0442 \u0432 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0435 \u043d\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0438\u0437 \u044d\u0442\u0430\u043f\u043e\u0432. \u0420\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0448\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c. \u041a\u043e\u0434 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d \u043d\u0430 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-90395","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47IBM otvoril toolkit homomorfn\u00e9ho \u0161ifrovania pre Linux | ProHoster","description":"Spolo\u010dnos\u0165 IBM ozn\u00e1mila spr\u00edstupnenie zdrojov\u00fdch k\u00f3dov 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