{"id":90611,"date":"2020-08-03T13:42:18","date_gmt":"2020-08-03T11:42:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/reliz-yadra-linux-5-8"},"modified":"2020-08-03T13:42:18","modified_gmt":"2020-08-03T11:42:18","slug":"reliz-yadra-linux-5-8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sk\/blog\/news\/reliz-yadra-linux-5-8","title":{"rendered":"Uvo\u013enenie jadra Linux 5.8","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Po dvoch mesiacoch v\u00fdvoja Linus Torvalds <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/lkml.org\/lkml\/2020\/8\/2\/293\">predstavil<\/a><\/noindex> uvo\u013enenie jadra <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/kernel.org\">Linux 5.8<\/a><\/noindex>. Medzi najsignifikantnej\u0161ie zmeny patr\u00ed detektor stavov\u00fdch prete\u010den\u00ed KCSAN, univerz\u00e1lny mechanizmus doru\u010dovania ozn\u00e1men\u00ed do u\u017e\u00edvate\u013esk\u00e9ho priestoru, podpora zariaden\u00ed pre inline \u0161ifrovanie, roz\u0161\u00edren\u00e9 mechanizmy ochrany pre ARM64, podpora rusk\u00e9ho procesora Baikal-T1, mo\u017enos\u0165 oddelen\u00e9ho pripojenia in\u0161tanci\u00ed procfs, implement\u00e1cia mechanizmov ochrany Shadow Call Stack a BTI pre ARM64.<\/p>\n<p>Jadro 5.8 sa stalo najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00edm po\u010dtom zmien zo v\u0161etk\u00fdch jadier v hist\u00f3rii projektu. Zmeny nie s\u00fa spojen\u00e9 len s jednou pods\u00fastavou, ale pokr\u00fdvaj\u00fa r\u00f4zne \u010dasti jadra a v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inou s\u00favisia s vn\u00fatorn\u00fdmi \u00fapravami a \u010disten\u00edm. Najviac zmien sa pozoruje v ovl\u00e1da\u010doch. Do novej verzie bolo prijat\u00fdch 17606 opr\u00e1v od 2081 v\u00fdvoj\u00e1rov, ktor\u00e9 zasiahli pribli\u017ene 20% v\u0161etk\u00fdch s\u00faborov v repozit\u00e1ri s k\u00f3dom jadra. Ve\u013ekos\u0165 patchu \u2014 65 MB (zmeny sa dotkli 16180 s\u00faborov, bolo pridan\u00fdch 1043240 riadkov k\u00f3du a odstr\u00e1nen\u00fdch 489854 riadkov). Pre porovnanie, vo verzii 5.7 bolo vykonan\u00fdch 15033 opr\u00e1v a ve\u013ekos\u0165 patchu \u010dinila 39 MB. Takmer 37% v\u0161etk\u00fdch zmien predstaven\u00fdch v 5.8 s\u00favis\u00ed s ovl\u00e1da\u010dmi zariaden\u00ed, pribli\u017ene 16% zmien sa t\u00fdka aktualiz\u00e1cie k\u00f3du \u0161pecifick\u00e9ho pre hardv\u00e9rov\u00e9 architekt\u00fary, 11% s\u00favis\u00ed so sie\u0165ov\u00fdm stackom, 3% s filesyst\u00e9mami a 4% s vn\u00fatorn\u00fdmi podsyst\u00e9mami jadra. <\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/kernelnewbies.org\/Linux_5.8\">Hlavn\u00e9<\/a><\/noindex> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/lwn.net\/Articles\/822527\/\">novinky<\/a><\/noindex>:\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> <b>Virtualiz\u00e1cia a bezpe\u010dnos\u0165<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Bola zabezpe\u010den\u00e1 blok\u00e1cia na\u010d\u00edtania modulov jadra, ktor\u00e9 maj\u00fa sekcie s k\u00f3dom, v ktor\u00fdch s\u00fa s\u00fa\u010dasne nastaven\u00e9 bity povo\u013euj\u00face vykon\u00e1vanie a z\u00e1pis. Zmena bola realizovan\u00e1 v r\u00e1mci \u0161ir\u0161ieho projektu na odstr\u00e1nenie pou\u017eitia str\u00e1n pam\u00e4te, ktor\u00e9 umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00fa s\u00fa\u010dasn\u00e9 vykon\u00e1vanie a z\u00e1pis.\n<li class=\"l\"> Objavila sa mo\u017enos\u0165 vytv\u00e1rania samostatn\u00fdch in\u0161tanci\u00ed procfs, ktor\u00e9 umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00fa pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 nieko\u013eko bodov pripojenia procfs namontovan\u00fdch s r\u00f4znymi mo\u017enos\u0165ami, ale odr\u00e1\u017eaj\u00facich jeden priestor mien identifik\u00e1torov procesov (pid namespace). Predt\u00fdm v\u0161etky body pripojenia procfs iba zrkadlili jedno intern\u00e9 zobrazenie a ak\u00e1ko\u013evek zmena parametrov montovania sa odrazila na v\u0161etk\u00fdch ostatn\u00fdch bodoch pripojenia s\u00favisiacich s t\u00fdm ist\u00fdm priestorom mien identifik\u00e1torov procesov. Z oblast\u00ed, v ktor\u00fdch m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 po\u017eiadavka na montovanie s r\u00f4znymi mo\u017enos\u0165ami, sa spom\u00edna realiz\u00e1cia \u013eahk\u00e9ho izolovania pre zabudovan\u00e9 syst\u00e9my s mo\u017enos\u0165ou skrytia ur\u010dit\u00fdch typov procesov a informa\u010dn\u00fdch uzlov v procfs.\n<li class=\"l\"> Pre platformu ARM64 bola implementovan\u00e1 podpora mechanizmu<br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/clang.llvm.org\/docs\/ShadowCallStack.html\">Shadow-Call Stack<\/a><\/noindex>, poskytovan\u00e9ho kompil\u00e1torom Clang na ochranu pred prep\u00edsan\u00edm adresy n\u00e1vratu z funkcie v pr\u00edpade prete\u010denia z\u00e1sobn\u00edka. Podstata ochrany spo\u010d\u00edva v uchovan\u00ed adresy n\u00e1vratu po predan\u00ed riadenia funkcii do samostatn\u00e9ho \u201etie\u0148ov\u00e9ho\u201c z\u00e1sobn\u00edka a vy extraction tejto adresy pred odchodom z funkcie.<\/p>\n<li class=\"l\"> Pre platformu ARM64 bola pridan\u00e1 podpora in\u0161trukci\u00ed <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/developer.arm.com\/docs\/ddi0602\/f\/base-instructions-alphabetic-order\/bti-branch-target-identification\">ARMv8.5-BTI<\/a><\/noindex> (Branch Target Indicator) na ochranu vykon\u00e1vania s\u00faborov in\u0161trukci\u00ed, na ktor\u00e9 by nemali by\u0165 vykonan\u00e9 prechody pri rozvetven\u00ed. Blokovanie prechodov na \u013eubovo\u013en\u00e9 \u010dasti k\u00f3du je realizovan\u00e9 na protiopatrenie proti vytvoreniu gadgetov v exploitoch, ktor\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa techniky orientovan\u00e9 na n\u00e1vrat (ROP \u2014 Return-Oriented Programming, \u00fato\u010dn\u00edk sa nepok\u00fa\u0161a umiestni\u0165 svoj k\u00f3d do pam\u00e4te, ale operuje u\u017e existuj\u00facimi kusmi strojov\u00fdch in\u0161trukci\u00ed kon\u010diacimi in\u0161trukciou n\u00e1vratu riadenia, z ktor\u00fdch sa zostavuje re\u0165azec volan\u00ed na dosiahnutie po\u017eadovanej funkcionality).\n<li class=\"l\"> Pridan\u00e1 podpora hardv\u00e9ru pre inline \u0161ifrovanie blokov\u00fdch zariaden\u00ed (<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.kernel.org\/doc\/html\/latest\/block\/inline-encryption.html\">Inline Encryption<\/a><\/noindex>). Zariadenia inline \u0161ifrovania s\u00fa zvy\u010dajne zabudovan\u00e9 do \u00falo\u017eiska, ale logicky s\u00fa umiestnen\u00e9 medzi syst\u00e9movou pam\u00e4\u0165ou a diskom, zabezpe\u010duj\u00face transparentn\u00e9 \u0161ifrovanie a de\u0161ifrovanie vstupu\/v\u00fdstupu na z\u00e1klade k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov a algoritmu \u0161ifrovania definovan\u00fdch jadrom.\n<li class=\"l\"> Bol pridan\u00fd parameter pr\u00edkazov\u00e9ho riadku jadra \u201einitrdmem\u201c, ktor\u00fd umo\u017e\u0148uje ur\u010di\u0165 fyzick\u00fa adresu umiestnenia initrd v pam\u00e4ti pri umiestnen\u00ed po\u010diato\u010dn\u00e9ho zav\u00e1dzacieho obrazu do RAM.\n<li class=\"l\"> Pridan\u00e9 nov\u00e9 schopnosti: CAP_PERFMON pre pr\u00edstup k podsys\u00e9mam perf a vykon\u00e1vanie monitoringu v\u00fdkonu. <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/linus\/a17b53c4a4b5\">CAP_BPF<\/a><\/noindex>, umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00faci vykonanie niektor\u00fdch oper\u00e1ci\u00ed s BPF (napr\u00edklad na\u010d\u00edtanie BPF programov), ktor\u00e9 predt\u00fdm vy\u017eadovali pr\u00e1va CAP_SYS_ADMIN (teraz s\u00fa opr\u00e1vnenia CAP_SYS_ADMIN rozdelen\u00e9 na kombin\u00e1ciu CAP_BPF, CAP_PERFMON a CAP_NET_ADMIN).\n<li class=\"l\"> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/linus\/5f1f79bbc9e2\">Pridan\u00e9<\/a><\/noindex> nov\u00e9 zariadenie virtio-mem, ktor\u00e9 umo\u017e\u0148uje implementova\u0165 hor\u00face pripojenie a odpojenie pam\u00e4te k hos\u0165uj\u00facim syst\u00e9mom.\n<li class=\"l\"> Realizovan\u00fd odvol\u00e1vac\u00ed mechanizmus pre mapovanie v \/dev\/mem, ak zariadenie ovl\u00e1da prekryt\u00e9 oblasti pam\u00e4te.\n<li class=\"l\"> Pridan\u00e1 ochrana pred zranite\u013enos\u0165ou <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=53126\">CROSSTalk\/SRBDS<\/a><\/noindex>, ktor\u00e1 umo\u017e\u0148uje obnovi\u0165 v\u00fdsledky vykonania niektor\u00fdch in\u0161trukci\u00ed, vykon\u00e1van\u00fdch na inom CPU jadre.\n<\/ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> <b>Pam\u00e4\u0165 a syst\u00e9mov\u00e9 slu\u017eby<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Do dokumentu, ktor\u00fd ur\u010duje pravidl\u00e1 form\u00e1tovania k\u00f3du, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=53342\">boli prijat\u00e9<\/a><\/noindex> odpor\u00fa\u010dania na pou\u017e\u00edvanie inkluz\u00edvnej terminol\u00f3gie. V\u00fdvoj\u00e1rom sa neodpor\u00fa\u010da pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 spojenia 'master \/ slave' a 'blacklist \/ whitelist', ako aj slovo 'slave' samostatne. Odpor\u00fa\u010dania sa t\u00fdkaj\u00fa iba nov\u00e9ho pou\u017eitia t\u00fdchto term\u00ednov. U\u017e existuj\u00face zmienky v jadre t\u00fdchto slov zostan\u00fa nedotknut\u00e9. V novom k\u00f3de je pou\u017e\u00edvanie uveden\u00fdch term\u00ednov povolen\u00e9, ak to vy\u017eaduje zachovanie API a ABI pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9ho v u\u017e\u00edvate\u013eskom rozhran\u00ed, ako aj pri aktualiz\u00e1cii k\u00f3du na podporu existuj\u00faceho hardv\u00e9ru alebo protokolov, ktor\u00fdch \u0161pecifik\u00e1cie predpisuj\u00fa pou\u017e\u00edvanie ur\u010dit\u00fdch term\u00ednov.\n<li class=\"l\"> Do s\u00faboru bol zahrnut\u00fd laden\u00ed n\u00e1stroj <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.kernel.org\/doc\/html\/latest\/dev-tools\/kcsan.html\">KCSAN<\/a><\/noindex> (Kernel Concurrency Sanitizer), ur\u010den\u00fd na dynamick\u00e9 odha\u013eovanie  <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B8\">stavov pretekania<\/a><\/noindex> v r\u00e1mci jadra. Pou\u017e\u00edvanie KCSAN je podporovan\u00e9 pri zostavovan\u00ed v GCC a Clang a vy\u017eaduje pr\u00eddavn\u00e9 \u0161peci\u00e1lne modifik\u00e1cie v \u0161t\u00e1diu kompil\u00e1cie na sledovanie pr\u00edstupu k pam\u00e4ti (aplikuj\u00fa sa breakpointy, ktor\u00e9 sa spustia pri \u010d\u00edtan\u00ed alebo zmene pam\u00e4te). Hlavn\u00e1 pozornos\u0165 pri v\u00fdvoji KCSAN bola venovan\u00e1 prevencii falo\u0161n\u00fdch poplachov, \u0161k\u00e1lovate\u013enosti a jednoduchej pou\u017e\u00edvanosti.\n<li class=\"l\"> Pridan\u00e9 <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.kernel.org\/doc\/html\/latest\/watch_queue.html\">univerz\u00e1lny mechanizmus<\/a><\/noindex> doru\u010dovanie ozn\u00e1men\u00ed z jadra do pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013esk\u00e9ho priestoru. Mechanizmus je zalo\u017een\u00fd na \u0161tandardnom ovl\u00e1da\u010di pipe a umo\u017e\u0148uje efekt\u00edvne rozdeli\u0165 ozn\u00e1menia z jadra po kan\u00e1loch otvoren\u00fdch v pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eskom priestore. Body prijatia ozn\u00e1men\u00ed predstavuj\u00fa pipe otvoren\u00e9 v \u0161peci\u00e1lnom re\u017eime, ktor\u00e9 umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00fa akumulova\u0165 prich\u00e1dzaj\u00face spr\u00e1vy z jadra v kruhovom buffri. \u010c\u00edtanie sa vykon\u00e1va be\u017enou funkciou read(). Majite\u013e kan\u00e1la ur\u010duje, ktor\u00e9 zdroje v jadre je potrebn\u00e9 sledova\u0165 a m\u00f4\u017ee nastavi\u0165 filter na ignorovanie spr\u00e1v a udalost\u00ed ur\u010dit\u00fdch typov. Z udalost\u00ed s\u00fa zatia\u013e podporovan\u00e9 len oper\u00e1cie s k\u013e\u00fa\u010dmi, ako je prid\u00e1vanie\/odstra\u0148ovanie k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov a zmena ich atrib\u00fatov. Tieto udalosti pl\u00e1nuj\u00fa pou\u017ei\u0165 v GNOME.\n<li class=\"l\"> Pokra\u010duje sa vo v\u00fdvoji funk\u010dnosti 'pidfd', ktor\u00e1 pom\u00e1ha spracov\u00e1va\u0165 situ\u00e1cie s op\u00e4tovn\u00fdm pou\u017eit\u00edm PID (pidfd je spojen\u00e9 s konkr\u00e9tnym procesom a nemen\u00ed sa, zatia\u013e \u010do PID m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 priraden\u00e9 k in\u00e9mu procesu po ukon\u010den\u00ed aktu\u00e1lneho procesu, ktor\u00fd je s t\u00fdmto PID asociovan\u00fd). V novej verzii bola pridan\u00e1 podpora pou\u017e\u00edvania pidfd na priradenie procesu k menov\u00fdm priestorom (povolen\u00e9 je ur\u010di\u0165 pidfd pri vykon\u00e1van\u00ed syst\u00e9mov\u00e9ho volania setns). Pou\u017eitie pidfd umo\u017e\u0148uje jedn\u00fdm volan\u00edm riadi\u0165 priradenie procesu k nieko\u013ek\u00fdm typom menov\u00fdch priestorov, \u010d\u00edm sa v\u00fdrazne skracuje po\u010det potrebn\u00fdch syst\u00e9mov\u00fdch volan\u00ed a umo\u017e\u0148uje sa priradenie v atomickom re\u017eime (ak pri priraden\u00ed k jedn\u00e9mu z menov\u00fdch priestorov d\u00f4jde k zlyhaniu, nepripoja sa ani ostatn\u00e9).\n<li class=\"l\"> Bol pridan\u00fd nov\u00fd syst\u00e9mov\u00fd hovor faccessat2(), ktor\u00fd sa l\u00ed\u0161i od<br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/man7.org\/linux\/man-pages\/man2\/faccessat.2.html\">faccessat()<\/a><\/noindex> \u010fal\u0161\u00edm argumentom s vlajkami zodpovedaj\u00facimi odpor\u00fa\u010daniam POSIX (predt\u00fdm tieto vlajky emulovali v kni\u017enici C, a nov\u00fd faccessat2 umo\u017e\u0148uje ich realiz\u00e1ciu v jadre).<\/p>\n<li class=\"l\"> V Cgroup <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/linus\/4b82ab4f2883\">bola pridan\u00e1<\/a><\/noindex> nastavenie memory.swap.high, ktor\u00e9 m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 pou\u017eit\u00e9 na spomalenie \u00faloh, ktor\u00e9 zaberaj\u00fa pr\u00edli\u0161 ve\u013ea miesta v oddiele pre v\u00fdmenu.\n<li class=\"l\"> V rozhran\u00ed asynchr\u00f3nneho vstupu\/v\u00fdstupu <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=50631#io_uring\">io_uring<\/a><\/noindex> bola pridan\u00e1 podpora syst\u00e9mov\u00e9ho volania tee().\n<li class=\"l\"> Pridan\u00fd mechanizmus &#171;<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/lwn.net\/Articles\/818714\/\">BPF iterator<\/a><\/noindex>\u201e ur\u010den\u00fd na v\u00fdstup do pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013esk\u00e9ho priestoru obsahu \u0161trukt\u00far jadra.\n<li class=\"l\"> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/linus\/97abb2b39682\">Poskytla<\/a><\/noindex> mo\u017enos\u0165 pou\u017eitia kruhov\u00e9ho buffra na v\u00fdmenu \u00fadajov medzi BPF programami.\n<li class=\"l\"> V mechanizme <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.kernel.org\/doc\/html\/latest\/core-api\/padata.html\">padata<\/a><\/noindex>, ur\u010den\u00fd na organiz\u00e1ciu paraleln\u00e9ho vykon\u00e1vania \u00faloh v jadre, bola pridan\u00e1 podpora pre viacvl\u00e1knov\u00e9 \u00falohy s vyva\u017eovan\u00edm z\u00e1\u0165a\u017ee.\n<li class=\"l\"> Do mechanizmu pstore, ktor\u00fd umo\u017e\u0148uje uchov\u00e1va\u0165 debuggovacie inform\u00e1cie o pr\u00ed\u010dine p\u00e1du v oblasti pam\u00e4te, ktor\u00e9 sa nestratia medzi re\u0161tartmi,  <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/linus\/649304c936cd\">bol pridan\u00fd<\/a><\/noindex> backend na uchov\u00e1vanie inform\u00e1ci\u00ed na blokov\u00fdch zariadeniach.\n<li class=\"l\"> Z vetvy jadra PREEMPT_RT <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=91710728d172\">presunut\u00e1<\/a><\/noindex> implement\u00e1cia lok\u00e1lnych z\u00e1mkov.\n<li class=\"l\"> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/linus\/2b43470add8c\">Pridan\u00e9<\/a><\/noindex> nov\u00e9 API pre alok\u00e1ciu bufferov (AF_XDP), zameran\u00e9 na zjednodu\u0161enie p\u00edsania sie\u0165ov\u00fdch ovl\u00e1da\u010dov s podporou XDP (eXpress Data Path).\n<li class=\"l\"> Pre architekt\u00faru RISC-V bola implementovan\u00e1 podpora pre ladenie s\u00fa\u010dast\u00ed jadra pomocou KGDB.\n<li class=\"l\"> Pred vydan\u00edm 4.8 boli zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 po\u017eiadavky na verziu GCC, ktor\u00e1 m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 pou\u017eit\u00e1 na zostavenie jadra. V niektorom z nasleduj\u00facich vydan\u00ed sa pl\u00e1nuje zv\u00fd\u0161i\u0165 po\u017eiadavku na GCC na 4.9.\n<\/ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> <b>Diskov\u00fd subsyst\u00e9m, I\/O a s\u00faborov\u00e9 syst\u00e9my<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> V Device Mapper <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=d3c7b35c20d6\">bol pridan\u00fd<\/a><\/noindex> nov\u00fd spracovate\u013e dm-ebs (emulate block size), ktor\u00fd m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 pou\u017eit\u00fd na emul\u00e1ciu men\u0161ej ve\u013ekosti logick\u00e9ho bloku (napr\u00edklad na emul\u00e1ciu 512-bajtov\u00fdch sektorov na diskoch s ve\u013ekos\u0165ou sektora 4K).\n<li class=\"l\"> Vo s\u00faborovom syst\u00e9me F2FS sa objavila podpora kompresie pomocou algoritmu LZO-RLE.\n<li class=\"l\"> V dm-crypt <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=27f5411a718c431c20007e3a2fbba6589942d04f\">bola pridan\u00e1<\/a><\/noindex> podpora \u0161ifrovan\u00fdch k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov.\n<li class=\"l\"> V Btrfs sa zlep\u0161ilo spracovanie oper\u00e1ci\u00ed \u010d\u00edtania v re\u017eime priam\u00e9ho I\/O. Pri pripojen\u00ed <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=a619b3c7abdd585cdd003effa1773e627aa8a44e\">ur\u00fdchlen\u00e1<\/a><\/noindex> kontrola vzdialen\u00fdch podd\u00e9lnikov a adres\u00e1rov, ktor\u00e9 zostali bez rodi\u010da.\n<li class=\"l\"> Do CIFS bol pridan\u00fd parameter 'nodelete', ktor\u00fd umo\u017e\u0148uje be\u017en\u00e9 overovania opr\u00e1vnen\u00ed na serveri, ale zakazuje klientovi maza\u0165 s\u00fabory alebo adres\u00e1re.\n<li class=\"l\"> V Ext4 sa zlep\u0161ilo spracovanie chyby <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/man7.org\/linux\/man-pages\/man2\/creat.2.html\">ENOSPC<\/a><\/noindex> pri pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00ed viacvl\u00e1knovosti. V xattr bola pridan\u00e1 podpora pre n\u00e1zvov\u00fd priestor gnu.*, ktor\u00fd sa pou\u017e\u00edva v GNU Hurd.\n<li class=\"l\"> Pre Ext4 a XFS bola povolen\u00e1 podpora pre oper\u00e1cie DAX (priamy pr\u00edstup k FS obch\u00e1dzan\u00edm str\u00e1nkov\u00e9ho cache bez pou\u017eitia \u00farovne blokov\u00fdch zariaden\u00ed) v spojen\u00ed so samostatn\u00fdmi s\u00fabormi a adres\u00e1rmi.\n<li class=\"l\"> V syst\u00e9movom volan\u00ed <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/man7.org\/linux\/man-pages\/man2\/statx.2.html\">statx()<\/a><\/noindex> bol pridan\u00fd flag <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/linus\/83d9088659e8\">STATX_ATTR_DAX<\/a><\/noindex>, pri jeho\u017e zadan\u00ed sa inform\u00e1cie z\u00edskavaj\u00fa pomocou mechanizmu DAX.\n<li class=\"l\"> V EXFAT <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/linus\/476189c0ef3b658de3f6b89fd0fdeb6dc451b564\">bola pridan\u00e1<\/a><\/noindex> podpora overovania zav\u00e1dzacej oblasti.\n<li class=\"l\"> V FAT <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/linus\/898310032b96c198014a8bbace0fd26259b2db77\">vylep\u0161i\u0165<\/a><\/noindex> \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0430 prvkov FS. Testovanie pomal\u00e9ho 2TB USB zariadenia uk\u00e1zalo skr\u00e1tenie \u010dasu testu z 383 na 51 sek\u00fand.\n<\/ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> <b>Sie\u0165ov\u00fd subsyst\u00e9m<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> V k\u00f3de riadiacom \u010dinnos\u0165 sie\u0165ov\u00fdch mostov <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/linus\/45c9cbec425c\">bola pridan\u00e1<\/a><\/noindex> podpora protokolu <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Media_Redundancy_Protocol\">MRP<\/a><\/noindex> (Media Redundancy Protocol), ktor\u00fd zabezpe\u010duje vysok\u00fa dostupnos\u0165 prepojen\u00edm viacer\u00fdch Ethernet prep\u00edna\u010dov.\n<li class=\"l\"> V syst\u00e9me spr\u00e1vy prev\u00e1dzky (Tc) <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/linus\/a51c328df310\">bolo pridan\u00e9<\/a><\/noindex> nov\u00e1 akcia 'gate', ktor\u00e1 umo\u017e\u0148uje ur\u010di\u0165 \u010dasov\u00e9 intervaly na spracovanie a odmietanie ur\u010dit\u00fdch paketov.\n<li class=\"l\"> Do jadra a utilitky ethtool bola pridan\u00e1 podpora funkci\u00ed testovania pripojen\u00e9ho sie\u0165ov\u00e9ho k\u00e1bla a sebadetiagnostiky sie\u0165ov\u00fdch zariaden\u00ed.\n<li class=\"l\"> Do IPv6 z\u00e1sobn\u00edka bola pridan\u00e1 podpora algoritmu MPLS (Multiprotocol Label Switching) pre smerovanie paketov s vyu\u017eit\u00edm viacer\u00fdch protokolov na z\u00e1klade \u0161t\u00edtkov (pre IPv4 bola MPLS podporovan\u00e1 u\u017e sk\u00f4r).\n<li class=\"l\"> Bola pridan\u00e1 podpora prenosu paketov IKE (Internet Key Exchange) a IPSec cez TCP (<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/tools.ietf.org\/html\/rfc8229\">RFC 8229<\/a><\/noindex>) pre ob\u00eddenie mo\u017en\u00fdch blok\u00e1d UDP.\n<li class=\"l\"> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=aa4d16e44f60\">Pridan\u00e9<\/a><\/noindex> sie\u0165ov\u00e9 blokov\u00e9 zariadenie rnbd, ktor\u00e9 umo\u017e\u0148uje organizova\u0165 vzdialen\u00fd pr\u00edstup k blokov\u00e9mu zariadeniu pomocou RDMA transportu (InfiniBand, RoCE, iWARP) a protokolu RTRS.\n<li class=\"l\"> V TCP z\u00e1sobn\u00edku <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=ccd0628fca440268711560a1dbacc727b4f9e214\">bola pridan\u00e1<\/a><\/noindex> podpora kompresie rozsahov v odpovediach na v\u00fdberov\u00e9 potvrdenie (selective acknowledgment, SACK).\n<li class=\"l\"> Pre IPv6 <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=d29245692a44d71d5e2e0770463184a693696232\">bola implementovan\u00e1<\/a><\/noindex> podpora TCP-LD (<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/tools.ietf.org\/html\/rfc6069\">RFC 6069<\/a><\/noindex>, Dlh\u00e9 preru\u0161enia konektivity).\n<\/ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> <b>Zariadenie<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> V DRM ovl\u00e1da\u010di i915 pre grafick\u00e9 karty Intel bola predvolene zapnut\u00e1 podpora \u010dipov Intel Tiger Lake (GEN12), pre ktor\u00e9 tie\u017e <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=8ca6d0237d1696060cd4f5a3ee93ee001c1a9d5b\">bola implementovan\u00e1<\/a><\/noindex> existuje mo\u017enos\u0165 vyu\u017e\u00edvania syst\u00e9mu SAGV (System Agent Geyserville) na dynamick\u00e9 prisp\u00f4sobenie frekvencie a nap\u00e4tia v z\u00e1vislosti od po\u017eiadaviek na spotrebu energie alebo v\u00fdkon.\n<li class=\"l\"> V ovl\u00e1da\u010di amdgpu bola pridan\u00e1 podpora pixelov\u00e9ho form\u00e1tu FP16 a implementovan\u00e1 mo\u017enos\u0165 pr\u00e1ce so \u0161ifrovan\u00fdmi vyrovn\u00e1vac\u00edmi pam\u00e4\u0165ami vo video pam\u00e4ti (TMZ, Trusted Memory Zone).\n<li class=\"l\"> Bola pridan\u00e1 podpora sn\u00edma\u010dov spotreby energie procesorov AMD Zen a Zen2, ako aj sn\u00edma\u010dov teploty AMD Ryzen 4000 Renoir. Pre AMD Zen a Zen2 je zabezpe\u010den\u00e1 podpora extrakcie inform\u00e1ci\u00ed o spotrebe energie cez rozhranie <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/lore.kernel.org\/lkml\/20200515215733.20647-1-eranian@google.com\/\">RAPL<\/a><\/noindex> (Running Average Power Limit).\n<li class=\"l\"> V ovl\u00e1da\u010di Nouveau bola pridan\u00e1 podpora form\u00e1tu modifik\u00e1torov NVIDIA. Pre gv100 bola implementovan\u00e1 mo\u017enos\u0165 pou\u017e\u00edvania polovi\u010dn\u00fdch re\u017eimov sn\u00edmkovania. Pridan\u00e9 rozpoznanie vGPU.\n<li class=\"l\"> V ovl\u00e1da\u010di MSM (Qualcomm) bola pridan\u00e1 podpora GPU Adreno A405, A640 a A650.\n<li class=\"l\"> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=9e1ed9fb1eb0a4bc43a26365c592d3095286038b\">Pridan\u00e9<\/a><\/noindex> intern\u00fd r\u00e1mec na spr\u00e1vu zdrojov DRM (Direct Rendering Manager).\n<li class=\"l\"> Bola pridan\u00e1 podpora smartf\u00f3nov Xiaomi Redmi Note 7 a Samsung Galaxy S2, ako aj notebookov Elm\/Hana Chromebook.\n<li class=\"l\"> Boli pridan\u00e9 ovl\u00e1da\u010de pre LCD panely: ASUS TM5P5 NT35596, Starry KR070PE2T, Leadtek LTK050H3146W, Visionox rm69299, Boe tv105wum-nw0.\n<li class=\"l\"> Pridan\u00e1 podpora platform ARM a platforiem Renesas 'RZ\/G1H', Realtek RTD1195, Realtek RTD1395\/RTD1619, Rockchips RK3326, AMLogic S905D, S905X3, S922XH, Olimex A20-OLinuXino-LIME-eMMC, Check Point L-50,<br \/>\n, Beacon i.MX8m-Mini, Qualcomm SDM660\/SDM630, Xnano X5 TV Box, Stinger96, Beaglebone-AI.<\/p>\n<li class=\"l\"> Pridan\u00e1 podpora MIPS procesora Loongson-2K (skr\u00e1ten\u00fd Loongson64). Pre CPU Loongson 3 bola pridan\u00e1 podpora virtualiz\u00e1cie pomocou hyperv\u00edzora KVM.\n<li class=\"l\"> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=53231\">Pridan\u00e1<\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\n podpora rusk\u00e9ho procesora Baikal-T1 a syst\u00e9mu na \u010dipe zalo\u017een\u00e9ho na \u0148om <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.baikalelectronics.com\/products\/168\/\">BE-T1000<\/a><\/noindex>. Procesor Baikal-T1 obsahuje dva superskal\u00e1rne jadr\u00e1 P5600 MIPS 32 r5, ktor\u00e9 pracuj\u00fa na frekvencii 1,2 GHz. \u010cip obsahuje L2 cache (1 MB), DDR3-1600 ECC pam\u00e4\u0165ov\u00fd kontrol\u00e9r, 1 port 10Gb Ethernet, 2 porty 1Gb Ethernet, PCIe Gen.3 x4 kontrol\u00e9r, 2 porty SATA 3.0, USB 2.0, GPIO, UART, SPI, I2C. Procesor poskytuje hardv\u00e9rov\u00fa podporu virtualiz\u00e1cie, SIMD in\u0161trukcie a integrovan\u00fd hardv\u00e9rov\u00fd akceler\u00e1tor kryptografick\u00fdch oper\u00e1ci\u00ed, ktor\u00fd podporuje GOST 28147-89. \u010cip bol vyvinut\u00fd pomocou licencovanej procesorovej jednotky MIPS32 P5600 Warrior od spolo\u010dnosti Imagination Technologies. <\/p>\n<\/ul>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Z\u00e1rove\u0148 latinskoamerick\u00e1 Nad\u00e1cia slobodn\u00e9ho softv\u00e9ru <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/www.fsfla.org\/ikiwiki\/selibre\/linux-libre\/\">vytvorila<\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\nvariantu <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/www.fsfla.org\/ikiwiki\/selibre\/linux-libre\/\">\u00faplne slobodn\u00e9ho jadra 5.8<\/a><\/noindex> \u2014 <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/linux-libre.fsfla.org\/pub\/linux-libre\/releases\/5.8-gnu\/\">Linux-libre 5.8-gnu<\/a><\/noindex>, vy\u010disten\u00e9ho od prvkov firmv\u00e9ru a ovl\u00e1da\u010dov, ktor\u00e9 obsahuj\u00fa neslobodn\u00e9 komponenty alebo \u010dasti k\u00f3du, ktor\u00fdch pou\u017eitie je obmedzen\u00e9 v\u00fdrobcom. V novej verzii je zak\u00e1zan\u00e9 na\u010d\u00edtanie blobov v ovl\u00e1da\u010doch pre Atom ISP Video, MediaTek 7663 USB\/7915 PCIe, Realtek 8723DE WiFi, Renesas PCI xHCI, HabanaLabs Gaudi, Enhanced Asynchronous Sample Rate Converter, Maxim Integrated MAX98390 Speaker Amplifier, Microsemi ZL38060 Connected Home Audio Processor a I2C EEPROM Slave. Aktualizovan\u00fd k\u00f3d \u010distenia blobov v ovl\u00e1da\u010doch a subsyst\u00e9moch Adreno GPU, HabanaLabs Goya, x86 dotykov\u00e1 obrazovka, vt6656 a btbcm.<\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"link\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p>Zdroj: <a \ncontent=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=53479\">opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0446\u0435\u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u041b\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0441 \u0422\u043e\u0440\u0432\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0434\u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 Linux 5.8. \u0421\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439: \u0434\u0435\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0433\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0438 KCSAN, \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u0443\u0432\u0435\u0434\u043e\u043c\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f, \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f inline-\u0448\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0448\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c\u044b \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u044b \u0434\u043b\u044f ARM64, \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0430 \u0440\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0440\u0430 Baikal-T1, \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u044d\u043a\u0437\u0435\u043c\u043f\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043e\u0432 procfs, \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f ARM64 \u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0432 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u044b Shadow Call Stack \u0438 BTI. \u042f\u0434\u0440\u043e [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-90611","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.4 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0446\u0435\u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u041b\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0441 \u0422\u043e\u0440\u0432\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0434\u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 Linux.\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Yuri 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