{"id":101790,"date":"2021-10-26T16:22:50","date_gmt":"2021-10-26T14:22:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/proekt-kerla-razvivaet-linux-sovmestimoe-yadro-na-yazyke-rust"},"modified":"2021-10-26T16:22:50","modified_gmt":"2021-10-26T14:22:51","slug":"proekt-kerla-razvivaet-linux-sovmestimoe-yadro-na-yazyke-rust","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sl\/blog\/news\/proekt-kerla-razvivaet-linux-sovmestimoe-yadro-na-yazyke-rust","title":{"rendered":"Projekt Kerla razvija jedro, ki je zdru\u017eljivo z Linuxom, napisano v jeziku Rust.","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

V okviru projekta Kerla poteka razvoj jedra operacijskega sistema, napisane v programskem jeziku Rust. Novo jedro je sprva usmerjeno v zagotavljanje zdru\u017eljivosti z jedrom Linux na ravni ABI, kar bo omogo\u010dilo izvajanje nespremenjenih izvr\u0161nih datotek, zgrajenih za Linux, v okolju, zasnovanem na Kerla. Koda se distribuira pod licencama Apache 2.0 in MIT. Projekt razvija japonski razvijalec Seiya Nuta, znan po ustvarjanju mikro jedrnega operacijskega sistema Resea, napisanega v programskem jeziku C. <\/p>\n

Trenutno lahko Kerla deluje samo na sistemih z arhitekturo x86_64 in izvaja osnovne sistemske klice, kot so write, stat, mmap, pipe in poll, podpira signale, anonimne cevi in preklapljanje kontekstov. Za upravljanje procesov so na voljo klici, kot so fork, wait4 in execve. Podprti so tty in pseudoterminali (pty). Od datote\u010dnih sistemov so trenutno podprti initramfs (uporablja se za monteranje korenskega FS), tmpfs in devfs. Na voljo je omre\u017eni sklad s podporo za TCP in UDP sokete, realizirani na osnovi knji\u017enice smoltcp. <\/p>\n

Razvijalec je pripravil zagonsko okolje, ki se za\u017eene v QEMU ali v virtualni napravi<\/a> Firecracker c \u0434\u0440\u0430\u0439\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043e\u043c virtio-net, \u043a \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e SSH. \u0412 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0431\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0438 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f musl, \u0430 \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0443\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0442 — BusyBox.

\"Projekt<\/center> <\/p>\n

Na osnovi Dockerja je bila pripravljena sistemska zbirka, ki omogo\u010da oblikovanje lastnih zagonskih initramfs z jedrom Kerla. Lo\u010deno se razvijata programska lupina nsh, podobna fish, in GUI sklad Kazari na osnovi protokola Wayland.

\"Projekt<\/center> <\/p>\n

Uporaba jezika Rust v projektu omogo\u010da zmanj\u0161anje \u0161tevila napak v kodi s pomo\u010djo varnih programiranja tehnik in pove\u010danja u\u010dinkovitosti pri odkrivanju te\u017eav z delovanjem pomnilnika. V Rust-u se varno delo s pomnilnikom zagotavlja med prevajanjem, in sicer z preverjanjem povezav, sledenjem lastni\u0161tvu objektov ter obravnavanjem \u017eivljenjske dobe objektov (obmo\u010dje vidnosti), prav tako pa z oceno pravilnosti dostopa do pomnilnika med izvajanjem kode. Poleg tega Rust nudi orodja za za\u0161\u010dito pred prenasi\u010denjem celih \u0161tevil, zahteva obvezno inicializacijo vrednosti spremenljivk pred uporabo, uporablja koncept nespremenljivosti (immutable) povezav in spremenljivk privzeto ter ponuja mo\u010dno stati\u010dno tipizacijo za minimizacijo logi\u010dnih napak ter poenostavlja obdelavo vhodnih vrednosti z orodji za ujemanje vzorcev. <\/p>\n

Za razvoj nizkonivojskih komponent, kot je jedro operacijskega sistema, Rust nudi podporo za surove kazalce, pakiranje struktur, inline vstavke v asemblerju in vklju\u010devanje datotek v asemblerju. Za delo brez vezave na standardno knji\u017enico so na voljo lo\u010deni crate-paketi za izvajanje operacij s vrsticami, vektorji in bitnimi zastavicami. Med prednostmi so tudi vgrajena orodja za ocenjevanje kakovosti kode (linter, rust-analyzer) in ustvarjanje enotnih testov, ki jih je mogo\u010de izvajati ne le na resni\u010dni strojni opremi, ampak tudi v QEMU.
\n
Izvor: opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0412 \u0440\u0430\u043c\u043a\u0430\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 Kerla \u0432\u0435\u0434\u0451\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0435 Rust. \u041d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u043e \u0438\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0441 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u043e\u043c Linux \u043d\u0430 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0435 ABI, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0435 Kerla \u043d\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0435 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u044b, \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u043b\u044f Linux. \u041a\u043e\u0434 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u043b\u0438\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0437\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438 Apache 2.0 \u0438 MIT. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u044f\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a \u0421\u0435\u0439\u044f \u041d\u0443\u0442\u0430 (Seiya […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":101791,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-101790","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Projekt Kerla razvija jedro, zdru\u017eljivo z Linuxom, v jeziku Rust | ProHoster","description":"V okviru projekta Kerla poteka razvoj jedra operacijskega sistema, napisanega v jeziku 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