{"id":150190,"date":"2025-12-01T11:11:57","date_gmt":"2025-12-01T09:11:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/reliz-yadra-linux-6-18"},"modified":"2025-12-01T11:11:57","modified_gmt":"2025-12-01T09:11:58","slug":"reliz-yadra-linux-6-18","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sl\/blog\/news\/reliz-yadra-linux-6-18","title":{"rendered":"Izlaz jezgra Linux 6.18","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0446\u0435\u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u041b\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0441 \u0422\u043e\u0440\u0432\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0434\u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 Linux 6.18. \u0421\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439: dm-pcache \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u044d\u0448\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u044d\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u0438 (PMEM), \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 Bcachefs, online-\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0438 XFS, \u0434\u0440\u0430\u0439\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b Binder (Android IPC) \u0438 Tyr (GPU Mali) \u043d\u0430 Rust, \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f USB-\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0439\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u043d\u0430 Rust, \u043e\u043f\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043a\u044d\u0448\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u0430\u043b\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0435 \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u0438 SLUB, \u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432 \u0438\u043c\u0451\u043d \u043f\u043e \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432\u044b\u043c \u0434\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043c, \u0443\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u0430\u0447\u043a\u0438 (swap), \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f BPF-\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c \u043f\u043e \u0446\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0438, \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f Intel CET \u0432 KVM, \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b PSP (\u0433\u0438\u0431\u0440\u0438\u0434 TLS \u0438 IPsec), \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0430 IP-\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0448\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f AccECN, \u043e\u043f\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f UDP-\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0430.       <\/p>\n<p>Nov\u00e1 verze obsahuje 15035 oprav od 2217 v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159\u016f, velikost patche je 45 MB (zm\u011bny se dotkly 13142 soubor\u016f, bylo p\u0159id\u00e1no 601897 \u0159\u00e1dk\u016f k\u00f3du, odstran\u011bno 355006 \u0159\u00e1dk\u016f). V p\u0159edchoz\u00edm vyd\u00e1n\u00ed bylo 14334 oprav od 2118 v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159\u016f, velikost patche byla 46 MB. P\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 40% v\u0161ech uveden\u00fdch zm\u011bn v 6.18 souvis\u00ed s ovlada\u010di za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, asi 16% zm\u011bn se t\u00fdk\u00e1 aktualizace k\u00f3du specifick\u00e9ho pro hardwarov\u00e9 architektury, 12% se vztahuje na s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00fd z\u00e1sobn\u00edk, 5% na souborov\u00e9 syst\u00e9my a 3% na intern\u00ed subsyst\u00e9my j\u00e1dra.      <\/p>\n<p>\u041e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0448\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0432 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0435 6.18 (1, 2, 3):  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> <b>\u0414\u0438\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430, \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434\/\u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u0438 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> \u0412 Device Mapper \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a dm-pcache \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u0438 (CXL-\u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u044c, \u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0443\u0435\u043c\u0430\u044f \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 DAX-\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e) \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u044d\u0448\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0434\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0444\u043b\u044d\u0448 \u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f\u043c\u0438. Dm-pcache \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043e\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u044d\u0448\u0430 \u0432 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435 \u0430\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0439 (crash-safe) \u0437\u0430 \u0441\u0447\u0451\u0442 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u044d\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u0438, \u0434\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043c\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0438 \u0446\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0441\u0443\u043c\u043c\u0430\u043c CRC32. \u0412 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0449\u0435\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043a\u044d\u0448\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432 \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0438 (write-back).\n<li class=\"l\"> \u0418\u0437 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0451\u043d \u043a\u043e\u0434 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b Bcachefs, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f \u0442\u0435\u043f\u0435\u0440\u044c \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0435 \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0448\u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u044f, \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0438\u044f DKMS (Dynamic Kernel Module Support). \u041a\u043e\u0434 Bcachefs \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0451\u043d \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u0430\u043a \u041a\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u041e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0437\u0430\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f \u0441 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 \u0438 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0443\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0432\u0448\u0438\u043c\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u0412 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u044b\u0437\u043e\u0432 pwritev2() \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d \u0444\u043b\u0430\u0433 RWF_NOSIGNAL, \u043e\u0442\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u043e\u0442\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0443 \u0441\u0438\u0433\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430 SIGPIPE \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0438 \u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0440\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044b \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u043a\u0435\u0442\u044b.\n<li class=\"l\"> Do Procfs byla p\u0159id\u00e1na mo\u017enost montov\u00e1n\u00ed \u201epidns\u201c pro ur\u010den\u00ed jmenn\u00fdch prostor\u016f identifik\u00e1tor\u016f proces\u016f (PID namespace). Nap\u0159\u00edklad: \u201emount -t proc -o pidns=\/proc\/self\/ns\/pid proc \/tmp\/proc\u201c.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u0412 XFS \u043e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0438 \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0443\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0442\u044b fsck \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c \u0432 online-\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c\u0435, \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043e\u0442\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b. \u0414\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0437\u043e\u0432\u044b file_getattr \u0438 file_setattr \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432 (\u043b\u044e\u0431\u044b\u0445 inode). \u0412 KConfig \u043f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e \u043e\u0442\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044b \u043e\u043f\u0446\u0438\u0438 XFS_SUPPORT_V4 (4 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u044f XFS) \u0438 XFS_SUPPORT_ASCII_CI (\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0443\u0447\u0451\u0442\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432 ASCII), \u043e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0448\u0438\u043c\u0438. \u0423\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f attr2, noattr2, ikeep \u0438 noikeep.\n<li class=\"l\"> V MD RAID byl implementov\u00e1n nov\u00fd typ bitmap \u2014 llbitmap (lockless bitmap), kter\u00fd funguje bez z\u00e1mk\u016f a zaji\u0161\u0165uje vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdkon.\n<li class=\"l\"> Z celkov\u00e9 struktury \u201einode\u201c byla vyjmuta informace souvisej\u00edc\u00ed s \u0161ifrov\u00e1n\u00edm a ov\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00edm (ukazatele i_crypt_info a i_verity_info). Tato zm\u011bna umo\u017e\u0148uje sn\u00ed\u017eit spot\u0159ebu pam\u011bti v souborov\u00fdch syst\u00e9mech, kter\u00e9 nepodporuj\u00ed \u0161ifrov\u00e1n\u00ed a ov\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u0412 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443 FUSE \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0430 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u044b\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430 copy_file_range() \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u044f\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u0438\u0430\u043f\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u0441 64-\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u044f\u0434\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0442\u0438\u043f\u043e\u043c (\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e 32-\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u044f\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440). \u0414\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0430 \u0438\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0432 \u0441\u0438\u043d\u0445\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c\u0435 \u0432\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u043c\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f (FUSE_DEV_IOC_SYNC_INIT).\n<li class=\"l\"> \u0412 \u0424\u0421 ext4 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f 32-\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u044f\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439 (uid) \u0438 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f (gid) \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0435 \u043a \u0437\u0430\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0430\u043c. \u0414\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044b ioctl-\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u0447\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0441\u0443\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0424\u0421 (tune2fs \u0441\u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u044b \u0432 \u0441\u0443\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0435 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432 \u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0432 \u0431\u043b\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e). \u041f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0438, \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0444\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u043b\u044f ext3.\n<li class=\"l\"> Do f2fs byla p\u0159id\u00e1na mo\u017enost montov\u00e1n\u00ed \u201elookup_mode\u201c pro v\u00fdb\u011br re\u017eimu vyhled\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed: perf \u2014 vyhled\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed pomoc\u00ed hash, compat \u2014 line\u00e1rn\u00ed vyhled\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed, auto \u2014 automatick\u00fd v\u00fdb\u011br. Zm\u011bna re\u017eimu je smyslupln\u00e1 pro konfigurace s adres\u00e1\u0159i, ve kter\u00fdch se nezohled\u0148uje velikost p\u00edsmen. Aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed re\u017eim vyhled\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed lze zjistit prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm souboru \u201e\/sys\/fs\/f2fs\/\/effective_lookup_mode\u201c. Byla p\u0159id\u00e1na mo\u017enost rezervace inod\u016f, kter\u00e9 jsou dostupn\u00e9 pouze privilegovan\u00fdm u\u017eivatel\u016fm.\n<li class=\"l\"> V Overlayfs je dodan na\u010din delovanja brez ob\u010dutljivosti na velike\/male \u010drke, ki se aktivira na ravni slojev FS (nastavitve za posamezne imenike \u0161e niso podprte).\n<li class=\"l\"> V BTRFS je izbolj\u0161ano razporeditev opravil pri visoki obremenitvi pri branju in nizki obremenitvi pri zapisovanju, skraj\u0161an \u010das potrditve transakcij, znatno skraj\u0161an \u010das sinhronizacije (s minut na desetine sekund). Omogo\u010deno je delo z bloki (bs) ve\u010djimi od velikosti spominske strani (ps).\n<li class=\"l\"> V ksmbd (SMB stre\u017enik na ravni jedra) je dodana mo\u017enost za omejitev najve\u010djega \u0161tevila povezav z enega. <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sl\/lir\/ipv4\/\"   title=\"IP-naslove\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"740\">IP-naslove<\/a>. smbdirect, smbclient in smbserver so pre\u0161li na uporabo tipi\u010dnih struktur jedra.\n<li class=\"l\"> V SQUASHFS je dodana mo\u017enost uporabe v sistemskem klicu lseek() mo\u017enosti SEEK_DATA in SEEK_HOLE za iskanje podatkov in praznin v red\u010denih datotekah. V nekaterih testih je bilo zabele\u017eeno pove\u010danje zmogljivosti kopiranja red\u010denih datotek do 150-krat.\n<li class=\"l\"> V EXFAT je dodana podpora za ioctl FS_IOC_GETFSLABEL in FS_IOC_SETFSLABEL za branje in zapis oznak delitev. Omogo\u010dena je sprememba mo\u017enosti montiranja med ponovno monta\u017eo. Pospe\u0161eno je nalaganje bitnih kart.\n<li class=\"l\"> V NTFS3 je dodana podpora za ioctl FS_IOC_GETFSLABEL in FS_IOC_SETFSLABEL za branje in nastavitev oznak delitev.                        <\/ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> <b>Pomnilnik in sistemske storitve<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> V sestavo je sprejeta implementacija mehanizma medprocesnega komuniciranja Binder, napisane v jeziku Rust. Binder se uporablja v Androidu za organizacijo interakcije med procesi in oddaljenega klica metod (en proces Android lahko pokli\u010de metodo ali funkcijo v drugem procesu Android, pri \u010demer uporabi Binder za identifikacijo, klic in prenos argumentov med procesi). Koda Binder je bila predpisana v jeziku Rust v okviru iniciative Google za pove\u010danje varnosti Androida.\n<li class=\"l\"> V SLUB, alok\u00e1toru pam\u011bti j\u00e1dra, byla implementov\u00e1na voliteln\u00e1 vrstva cache \u201esheaves\u201c, kter\u00e1 pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 n\u011bkolik cache, z nich\u017e ka\u017ed\u00e1 je p\u0159idru\u017eena k jednotliv\u00e9mu CPU j\u00e1dru, co\u017e umo\u017e\u0148uje lokalizovat operace p\u0159i alokaci nebo uvoln\u011bn\u00ed pam\u011bti jedn\u00edm j\u00e1drem. Tato cache zv\u00fd\u0161ila v\u00fdkon alokace a uvoln\u011bn\u00ed pam\u011bti v j\u00e1d\u0159e t\u00edm, \u017ee odstranila zbyte\u010dn\u00e9 synchroniza\u010dn\u00ed primitiva vy\u017eadovan\u00e1 p\u0159i zapojen\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00fdch jader CPU. V proveden\u00fdch testech zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed v\u00fdkonu \u010dinilo od 6.3% do 31% v z\u00e1vislosti na typu zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed.\n<li class=\"l\"> Dodana je mo\u017enost ustvarjanja datote\u010dnih descriptorjev, povezanih z dolo\u010denim imenskim prostorom (namespace). V nasprotju s dostopom do imenskih prostorov po identifikatorjih (\/proc\/\/ns\/), se datote\u010dni descriptor pove\u017ee s konkretnim primerkom imenskega prostora in izklju\u010duje situacijo, ko je identifikator ponovno dodeljen in \u017ee ka\u017ee na drug objekt. Podobno kot pri uporabi pidfds se odpiranje datote\u010dnih descriptorjev, ki se nana\u0161ajo na imenske prostore, izvaja prek funkcij open_by_handle_at() in name_to_handle_at().\n<li class=\"l\"> Implementiran je mehanizam \u201eSwap Table\u201c, koji omogu\u0107ava pove\u0107anje performansi paginacije. Pove\u0107anje se posti\u017ee smanjenjem konkurencije za pristup ke\u0161u paginacije, efikasnijim pretra\u017eivanjem u ke\u0161u i smanjenjem fragmentacije. Backend baziran na Swap Table je kori\u0161\u0107en za ke\u0161iranje paginacije umesto backend-a XArray i omogu\u0107io je prose\u010dno pove\u0107anje performansi od 5-20%. U testu usemem, propusnost je porasla za 17-28%, a u testu vi\u0161edretvene rekonstrukcije jezgra vreme kompajliranja je smanjeno za 1.12-3.19%, dok je test redis-benchmark sa BGSAVE pokazao pove\u0107anje broja obra\u0111enih zahteva od 6-7%.\n<li class=\"l\"> Podrejeni sistem Zswap je pre\u0161el na neposredno uporabo sistema dodeljevanja pomnilnika zsmalloc namesto sloja zpool, ki se ve\u010d ne uporablja in je zdaj odstranjen iz jedra.\n<li class=\"l\"> Za upravljanje pona\u0161anjem u\u010ditava\u010da mikrokoda na x86 sistemima implementirana je opcija komandne linije \u201emicrocode=lista flagova\u201c. U trenutnom obliku nova opcija zamenjuje \u201emicrocode.force_minrev\u201c i tako\u0111e omogu\u0107ava postavljanje minimalno prihvatljive verzije mikrokoda za u\u010ditavanje.\n<li class=\"l\"> Zapo\u010deti su radovi na reorganizaciji prekomerne strukture \u201epage\u201c, koja se koristi za upravljanje stranicama radne memorije. Dodan je tip \u2018memdesc_flags_t\u2018 za polja sa univerzalnim flagovima, koji \u0107e mo\u0107i da se koriste nakon o\u010dekivanog budu\u0107eg razdvajanja iz strukture \u201epage\u201c u posebne strukture za slab i folio.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u0417\u0430 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0443 nios2, \u043a\u043e\u0458\u0430 \u0441\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0443 Altera Nios II \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u043e\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0430 (\u0441\u043e\u0444\u0442-\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0440 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0440\u0430\u043d \u043d\u0430 FPGA), \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0458\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0440\u0448\u043a\u0430 \u0437\u0430 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0432 clone3().\n<li class=\"l\"> U konfiguraciju jezgra (KConfig) dodat je atribut \u201etransitional\u201c, koji se mo\u017ee koristiti za ozna\u010davanje pode\u0161avanja koja se ne prikazuju u korisni\u010dkim interfejsima, kao \u0161to je \u201emake menuconfig\u201c, i koja se ne uklju\u010duju u generisane datoteke konfiguracije. Osnovna svrha atributa je pojednostavljenje preimenovanja opcija uz o\u010duvanje unazadne kompatibilnosti.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u041c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0437\u0438\u0458\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u0458\u043b\u0435\u0440\u0430 Clang, \u043a\u043e\u0458\u043e\u043c \u0441\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435 \u0441\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u0458\u0435\u0437\u0433\u0440\u043e, \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0433\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0430 \u0458\u0435 \u043d\u0430 LLVM 15. \u0423 Debian 12 \u0438 Ubuntu 22.04 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0443\u0447\u0443\u0458\u0435 \u0441\u0435 LLVM 14.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u041d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0459\u0435\u043d\u043e \u0458\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0448\u0435\u045a\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0438\u0437 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0435 Rust-for-Linux, \u043a\u043e\u0458\u0435 \u0441\u0435 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0448\u045b\u0435\u045a\u0435 \u0458\u0435\u0437\u0438\u043a\u0430 Rust \u043a\u0430\u043e \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u0433 \u0458\u0435\u0437\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0437\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0458 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0459\u0430\u0447\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0430 \u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u0430 \u0458\u0435\u0437\u0433\u0440\u0430 (\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0440\u0448\u043a\u0430 \u0437\u0430 Rust \u043d\u0438\u0458\u0435 \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443\u043c\u0435\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0458 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0446\u0438 \u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438 \u0434\u043e \u0443\u043a\u0459\u0443\u0447\u0435\u045a\u0430 Rust \u0443 \u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0437\u043d\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0437\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043b\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0458\u0443 \u0458\u0435\u0437\u0433\u0440\u0430). \u0423 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0458 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0437\u0438\u0458\u0438 \u0437\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0434 \u043d\u0430 \u0458\u0435\u0437\u0438\u043a\u0443 Rust \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u0441\u0443 \u0430\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0441\u043a\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0458\u0435 \u0441 \u043c\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0458\u043e\u043c, \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430 maple tree, \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u045b\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442 \u043a\u0440\u0435\u0438\u0440\u0430\u045a\u0430 DebugFS \u0434\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0430 \u0438 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0458\u0435 \u0437\u0430 \u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043f\u0443\u043b\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0458\u0443 \u0431\u0438\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043c \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0430. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043d \u0458\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f API-\u0458\u0443 \u0437\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0458 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0459\u0430\u0447\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0430. \u0414\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0442 \u0458\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043b\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043d \u0441\u0435\u0442 \u0430\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0458\u0430 \u0437\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0458 USB \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0459\u0430\u0447\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0430 (\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440 USB \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0459\u0430\u0447\u043a\u043e\u0433 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0430). \u0423 \u0430\u043b\u0430\u0442\u043a\u0443 perf \u0434\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0458\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0440\u0448\u043a\u0430 \u0437\u0430 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435 \u0437\u0430 \u0434\u0435\u0431\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0430\u045a\u0435, \u043a\u043e\u0458\u0435 \u0433\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0448\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u0458\u043b\u0435\u0440 rustc.                      <\/ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> <b>Virtualizacija in varnost<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> \u0414\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0458\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0440\u0448\u043a\u0430 \u0437\u0430 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0441\u043a\u0443 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0458\u0443 \u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0445 BPF \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0430 \u043f\u043e \u0434\u0438\u0433\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043d\u0438\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043c\u0430. \u0423 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u045b\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u045b\u0435 \u043e\u0432\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u045b\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442 \u0431\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u043c\u0430 \u0437\u0430 \u043e\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0452\u0438\u0432\u0430\u045a\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u045a\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0445 BPF \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0430 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0430\u045a\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043c \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438\u043c\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u045b\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0437\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0448\u045b\u0435\u045a\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0445 BPF \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0430.\n<li class=\"l\"> U hipervizoru KVM implementirana je podr\u0161ka za virtuelizaciju Intel CET (Control-flow Enforcement Technology), koja se koristi za za\u0161titu od eksploata koriste\u0107i metode povratno-orijentisanog programiranja (ROP \u2014 Return-Oriented Programming). Su\u0161tina za\u0161tite je da nakon prenosa kontrole funkciji, adresa povratka se \u010duva od strane procesora ne samo u uobi\u010dajenom steku, ve\u0107 i u posebnom sen\u010dnom steku, koji ne mo\u017ee biti direktno izmenjen.\n<li class=\"l\"> Byla p\u0159id\u00e1na mo\u017enost pou\u017eit\u00ed v\u00edce ne\u017e 255 CPU v hostovan\u00fdch syst\u00e9mech b\u011b\u017e\u00edc\u00edch na hypervisoru Bhyve na hostitel\u00edch s FreeBSD 15.\n<li class=\"l\"> Byla p\u0159id\u00e1na vrstven\u00e1 technologie dibs (Direct Internal Buffer Sharing) pro \u0159\u00edzen\u00e9 sd\u00edlen\u00ed buffer\u016f uvnit\u0159 izolovan\u00e9ho prost\u0159ed\u00ed, jako je hypervisor nebo instance j\u00e1dra Linux.\n<li class=\"l\"> Do subsyst\u00e9mu auditu byla p\u0159id\u00e1na podpora pro pr\u00e1ci s n\u011bkolika sou\u010dasn\u011b aktivn\u00edmi moduly LSM (Linux Security Module).\n<li class=\"l\"> Byl p\u0159id\u00e1n virtio ovlada\u010d spi-virtio pro p\u0159\u00edstup k SPI za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed (Serial Peripheral Interface) z <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sl\/vps\/\"   title=\"virtualnih naprav\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"2239\">virtualnih naprav<\/a>.\n<li class=\"l\"> Do hypervisoru KVM byla p\u0159id\u00e1na podpora re\u017eimu SEV-SNP CipherText Hiding, kter\u00fd blokuje \u010dten\u00ed \u0161ifrovan\u00fdch pam\u011b\u0165ov\u00fdch oblast\u00ed chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00fdch hostitelsk\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f na neautorizovan\u00e9m CPU.\n<li class=\"l\"> Byl p\u0159id\u00e1n ovlada\u010d qtee pro TEE prost\u0159ed\u00ed (Trusted Execution Environment) \u010dip\u016f Qualcomm.                    <\/ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> <b>Mre\u017ena podsistem<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Byla p\u0159id\u00e1na podpora \u0161ifrov\u00e1n\u00ed TCP spojen\u00ed pomoc\u00ed protokolu PSP (PSP Security Protocol), kter\u00fd vyvinula spole\u010dnost Google pro \u0161ifrov\u00e1n\u00ed provozu mezi datov\u00fdmi centry. PSP zaji\u0161\u0165uje \u0161ifrov\u00e1n\u00ed, kryptografickou kontrolu integrity a autentifikaci zdroje, implementuje jakousi kombinaci vlastnost\u00ed protokol\u016f TLS a IPsec. V PSP se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 \u0161ifrov\u00e1n\u00ed na \u00farovni jednotliv\u00fdch s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00fdch spojen\u00ed, nikoli cel\u00e9ho komunika\u010dn\u00edho kan\u00e1lu. PSP pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 samostatn\u00e9 \u0161ifrovac\u00ed kl\u00ed\u010de pro r\u016fzn\u00e1 tunelovan\u00e1 TCP spojen\u00ed pro striktn\u00ed izolaci provozu od r\u016fzn\u00fdch aplikac\u00ed a zpracovatel\u016f. Pro sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed z\u00e1t\u011b\u017ee na CPU je podporov\u00e1no vy\u010dlen\u011bn\u00ed \u0161ifrovac\u00edch a de\u0161ifrovac\u00edch operac\u00ed na stran\u011b s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00fdch karet (offload). Pro p\u0159enos dat je pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n protokol UDP, nad kter\u00fdm je tunelov\u00e1n obsah origin\u00e1ln\u00edho TCP paketu.     <\/p>\n<p><center><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Izlaz jezgra Linux 6.18\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/180701a9b56890a55860d65207471472.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/center>    <\/p>\n<li class=\"l\"> Dodana je osnovna podr\u0161ka za AccECN (Ta\u010dno Eksplicitno Obave\u0161tenje o Preoptere\u0107enju), koje predstavlja pobolj\u0161anu verziju ECN, koja omogu\u0107ava hostovima da u slu\u010daju preoptere\u0107enja ozna\u010de IP pakete umesto da ih odbacuju, \u0161to omogu\u0107ava prepoznavanje pojave inicijalne faze zagu\u0161enja u komunikacionim kanalima bez gubitka paketa. Izvorna ECN ekstenzija ima ograni\u010denje koje omogu\u0107ava signalizaciju samo jednog preoptere\u0107enja tokom jednog ciklusa prijema-otpisa TCP (RTT, Round-Trip Time, slanje zahteva i primanje odgovora). AccECN uklanja ovo ograni\u010denje i omogu\u0107ava prijemniku da \u0161alje po\u0161iljaocu vi\u0161e oznaka o preoptere\u0107enju u TCP paketu. Algoritmi za upravljanje preoptere\u0107enjem mogu koristiti dobijene informacije za preciznije reagovanje na preoptere\u0107enja, izbegavaju\u0107i naglo smanjenje intenziteta slanja paketa pri pojavi manje preoptere\u0107enosti.\n<li class=\"l\"> U UDP steku optimizovana je obrada dolaznih paketa u uslovima DDoS napada, koji dovode do primanja velikog broja paketa u jedan ili vi\u0161e UDP soketa. Uvedene optimizacije, kao \u0161to su smanjenje konkurentnih blokada, optimizacija rasporeda struktura podataka u memoriji i kori\u0161\u0107enje blokada koje uzimaju u obzir NUMA arhitekturu (Neuniformni pristup memoriji), omogu\u0107ile su pove\u0107anje performansi prilikom prijema UDP paketa za 47% i vi\u0161e u ekstremnim uslovima.\n<li class=\"l\"> Implementirana je mogu\u0107nost onemogu\u0107avanja ke\u0161iranja ulaza\/izlaza na NFS serveru, \u0161to omogu\u0107ava kori\u0161\u0107enje NFS servera u sistemima sa malom koli\u010dinom memorije (na primer, u smanjenim cloud okru\u017eenjima). Onemogu\u0107avanje ke\u0161a mo\u017ee tako\u0111e biti korisno na optere\u0107enim NFS serverima kako bi se izbeglo izbacivanje ke\u0161iranih podataka povezanim sa lokalnim skladi\u0161tima zbog osloba\u0111anja memorije za NFS ke\u0161.\n<li class=\"l\"> Maksimalna veli\u010dina bafera za dolazne i odlazne pakete za mre\u017ene sokete (net.core.rmem_max i net.core.wmem_max) pove\u0107ana je sa 2 MB na 4 MB. Podrazumevana veli\u010dina nije promenjena (net.core.rmem_default i net.core.wmem_default = 2 MB).\n<li class=\"l\"> Dodavan je drajver za akcelerator mre\u017enih operacija Qualcomm PPE (Motor za obradu paketa), koji se koristi u SoC Qualcomm IPQ9574.        <\/ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> <b>Oprema<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> V jedru je sprejet gonilnik Tyr, napisan v jeziku Rust, ki omogo\u010da delovanje z GPU ARM Mali, ki uporabljajo tehnologijo CSF (Command Stream Frontend), kot so Mali G310, G510 in G710. Gonilnik trenutno \u0161e ni pripravljen za stalno uporabo obi\u010dajnih uporabnikov in se obravnava kot eksperimentalni prototip za testiranje abstrakcij za razvoj gonilnikov v jeziku Rust.\n<li class=\"l\"> Gonilnikom za naprave vnosa z vmesnikom HID (Human Interface Device) je bila dodana podpora za sledilne plo\u0161\u010dice s taktilno povratno informacijo in svojimi senzorji pritiska.\n<li class=\"l\"> Delo na drm-gonilniku (Direct Rendering Manager) Xe za GPU na osnovi arhitekture Intel Xe, ki se uporablja v grafi\u010dnih karticah Intel dru\u017eine Arc in integrirani grafiki, je bilo nadaljeno, za\u010delo pa se je \u017ee s procesorji Tiger Lake. V novi razli\u010dici je dodan vmesnik madvise, vklju\u010dena je podpora za SR-IOV PF (Single Root I\/O Virtualization Physical Function), dodana je podpora za na\u010din Intel PSMI za validacijo strojne opreme, obdelava prenesenih informacij o napakah iz programske opreme je bila omogo\u010dena, implementiran je bil profil porabe energije SLPC ter dodana podpora za nalaganje pomo\u017enih programski oprem (na primer za krmilnik ventilatorja in regulator napetosti) med preverjanjem gonilnika.\n<li class=\"l\"> V gonilniku AMDGPU je bila dodana podpora za naprave z APU Cyan Skillfish, izbolj\u0161ana je podpora za AMD GCN 1.0, dose\u017eena je bila zdru\u017eljivost z orodji criu, dodane so bile metrike temperature v sysfs, omogo\u010dena pa so bila tudi vpra\u0161anja remapiranja MMIO iz uporabni\u0161kega prostora.\n<li class=\"l\"> V gonilniku i915 je bila vklju\u010dena podpora za \u010dipe dru\u017eine Wildcat Lake ter izbolj\u0161ano delovanje z GPU Jasper Lake, Elkhart Lake, Gen7 in Gen6.\n<li class=\"l\"> V gonilniku Nouveau so kot privzeti vklopljeni GSP-programi NVIDIA in izbolj\u0161ana obravnava napak.\n<li class=\"l\"> Zdaj je zaklju\u010dena integracija komponent gonilnika Nova za GPU NVIDIA, opremljene z GSP-firmware, ki se uporabljajo od serije NVIDIA GeForce RTX 2000 na osnovi mikroarhitekture Turing. Gonilnik je napisan v jeziku Rust. V novi razli\u010dici je raz\u0161irjena podpora za GSP firmware, izbolj\u0161ana je implementacija makra \u201eregister!\u201c, dodana je podpora za razrede PCI naprave in identifikatorje proizvajalcev.\n<li class=\"l\"> Dodaja se gonilnik rocket za NPU pospe\u0161evalnike, ki se uporabljajo v SoC Rockchip RK3588.\n<li class=\"l\"> Dodana je jedrna nastavitev \u201eboot_display\u201c za izbiro izhodne naprave za prikaz postopka nalaganja v sistemih z ve\u010d GPU.\n<li class=\"l\"> V gonilniku vesadrm je bila implementirana podpora za 8-bitne palete.\n<li class=\"l\"> V draiverju msm je bila dodana podpora za GPU Adreno 663 in implementirana podpora za tehnologijo zmanj\u0161evanja porabe energije IFPC (Inter Frame Power Collapse).\n<li class=\"l\"> V draiverju panthor je bila dodana podpora za GPU Mali-G710, Mali-G510, Mali-G310, Mali-Gx15, Mali-Gx20 in Mali-Gx25.\n<li class=\"l\"> Dodana je bila podpora za avdiosisteme ASoC Qualcomm Glymur in PM4125, Realtek RT1321, Shanghai FourSemi FS2104\/5S, Texas Instruments PCM1754 in TAS2783A, qcs615, CS35L56 B2, tas2118, tas2x20, tas5825. Dodana je bila podpora za zvo\u010dne USB kartice Tascam US-144mkII in Presonus S1824c.\n<li class=\"l\"> Dodana je bila podpora za ARM CPU Cortex-A320\/A520AE\/A720AE in C1-Nano\/Pro\/Premium\/Ultra.\n<li class=\"l\"> Dodana je bila podpora za ARM platforme, SoC in naprave: Apple M2 Pro, M2 Max in M2 Ultra, Sony Xperia SP, Samsung Galaxy S22, Samsung Galaxy S20 FE, ASUS Eee Pad Slider SL101, Lenovo ThinkBook 16, HP Omnibook X14 X1P42100, Dell Inspiron 7441 \/ Latitude 7455, Sige1, NanoPi Zero2, Axis Artpec8, NXP i.MX91, ROCK 2A\/2F, Qualcomm Lemans Auto, Renesas RZ\/T2H, RZ\/N2H, RZ\/T2H in RZ\/N2H, Aspeed AST27xx, Meta Clemente BMC, Netcube Nagami som, Tqma91xx, Ultratronik i.MX8MP Ultra-MACH, i.MX8ULP EVK9, Buffalo WXR-1750DHP.       <\/ul>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Hkrati je Latinskoameri\u0161ka fundacija prostega programske opreme oblikovala razli\u010dico povsem prostega jedra 6.18 \u2014 Linux-libre 6.18-gnu, o\u010distiti od elementov firmware in gonilnikov, ki vsebujejo neproste komponente ali odseke kode, katerih uporaba je omejena s proizvajalcem. V razli\u010dici 6.18 je bila posodobljena koda za \u010di\u0161\u010denje blob-ov v gonilnikih Nova-Core, Intel XE, TI PRUeth, Lantiq GSWIP, Marvell WiFi-Ex. Opravljeno je bilo \u010di\u0161\u010denje imen blob-ov v dts-datotekah (devicetree) za ARM \u010dipe Qualcomm, Mediatek in TI ARM64. Nevarna nalaganja blob-ov v novih gonilnikih FourSemi fs2104\/5s, TI TAS2783 in Qualcomm GENI so bila nevtralizirana.<br \/>\n<br \/>Izvor: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=64346\">opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0446\u0435\u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u041b\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0441 \u0422\u043e\u0440\u0432\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0434\u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 Linux 6.18. \u0421\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439: dm-pcache \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u044d\u0448\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u044d\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u0438 (PMEM), \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 Bcachefs, online-\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0438 XFS, \u0434\u0440\u0430\u0439\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b Binder (Android IPC) \u0438 Tyr (GPU Mali) \u043d\u0430 Rust, \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f USB-\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0439\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u043d\u0430 Rust, \u043e\u043f\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043a\u044d\u0448\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u0430\u043b\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0435 \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u0438 SLUB, \u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432 \u0438\u043c\u0451\u043d \u043f\u043e \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432\u044b\u043c \u0434\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043c, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":150191,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-150190","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.4 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0446\u0435\u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 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