{"id":153453,"date":"2026-01-08T11:11:55","date_gmt":"2026-01-08T09:11:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/analiz-ispravleniya-oshibok-v-yadre-linux-v-srednem-oshibki-zamechayut-cherez-2-goda"},"modified":"2026-01-08T11:11:55","modified_gmt":"2026-01-08T09:11:56","slug":"analiz-ispravleniya-oshibok-v-yadre-linux-v-srednem-oshibki-zamechayut-cherez-2-goda","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sl\/blog\/news\/analiz-ispravleniya-oshibok-v-yadre-linux-v-srednem-oshibki-zamechayut-cherez-2-goda","title":{"rendered":"Analiza napak v jedru Linuxa \u2014 povpre\u010dno napake opazijo po 2 letih","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Objavljeni so rezultati raziskave o \u010dasu odkrivanja in odpravljanja napak v jedru Linuxa. Podatki so bili pridobljeni na podlagi analize 125 tiso\u010d napak, ozna\u010denih v Git repozitoriju s oznako «Fixes:», ki se sklicuje na commit, v katerem je napaka nastala. Povpre\u010dni \u010das odkrivanja napak v jedru je zna\u0161al 2,1 leta. \u010ce upo\u0161tevamo samo napake, odpravljene v letu 2025, je ta \u0161tevilka zna\u0161ala 2,8 leta. <\/p>\n

30 % napak so odpravili isti razvijalci, ki so jih tudi povzro\u010dili. 56,9 % napak se odpravi v enem letu. 13,5 % napak je ostalo neopa\u017eenih ve\u010d kot 5 let (\u010de upo\u0161tevamo samo napake, odpravljene v letu 2025 \u2014 19,4 %). Zaradi neenakomerne porazdelitve je mediana \u010dasa obstoja napake v jedru zna\u0161ala 8 mesecev za vzorec iz leta 2005 in 1 leto za napake, odpravljene v letu 2025. Najdlje obstoje\u010da napaka v kodi je bila prelivanje bufferja v ethtool, odpravljena po 20,7 letih.

\"Analiza<\/center> <\/p>\n

Dinamika odkrivanja napak se bistveno razlikuje od povpre\u010dja za nekatere podsisteme, na primer v gonilniku CAN in v SCTP skladu, kjer odkrivanje te\u017eav povpre\u010dno traja pribli\u017eno 4 leta, v IPv4 skladu \u2014 3,6 leta, USB in TTY \u2014 3,5, Netfilter in omre\u017eni sklad \u2014 2,9, VM \u2014 1,8, GPU \u2014 1,4, BPF \u2014 1,1 leta.

\"Analiza<\/center> <\/p>\n

\u010cas odkrivanja se korelira s tipom napak: povpre\u010dni \u010das odkrivanja napak, povezanih s pogoji dirke, zna\u0161a 5,1 leta, celo\u0161tevilsko prelivanje \u2014 3,9, dostop do spomina po sprostitvi \u2014 3,2, prelivanje bufferja in uhajanje spomina \u2014 3,1, \u0161tetje referenc \u2014 2,8, dereferenciranje ni\u010delnega kazalca in medsebojno zaklepanje \u2014 2,2 leta. <\/p>\n

V pridobljeni statistiki je mogo\u010de opaziti tudi vpliv uvajanja novih orodij za avtomatizirano iskanje napak, stati\u010dno analizo in testiranje kode, kot so Syzkaller, KASAN, KMSAN in KCSAN. Na primer, leta 2010 ni bilo zabele\u017eenih popravkov napak, odkritih v enem letu. Medtem ko je bilo leta 2014 v enem letu odkritih 31 % napak, leta 2018 \u2014 54 %, in leta 2022 \u2014 69 % napak. <\/p>\n

Prejete statistike so bile uporabljene za ustvarjanje modela strojnega u\u010denja VulnBERT, ki omogo\u010da napovedovanje prisotnosti ranljivosti v commitih. Pri testiranju na commitih iz leta 2024 je bila natan\u010dnost zaznavanja napak 92,2 % pri stopnji la\u017enih alarmov 1,2 % (za primerjavo, prej dostopni model CodeBERT je odkril 89,2 % te\u017eav pri stopnji la\u017enih alarmov 48,1 %).
\n
Izvor: opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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[…]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":153454,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-153453","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Analiza popravljanja napak v jedru Linux \u2014 povpre\u010dno napake opazijo \u010dez 2 leti | ProHoster","description":"Objavljeni so rezultati raziskave o \u010dasu odkrivanja in odprave napak v kodi jedra 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