{"id":183964,"date":"2026-10-22T17:40:49","date_gmt":"2026-10-22T15:40:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/news\/opublikovan-setevoj-stek-f-stack-2-0-rabotayushhij-v-polzovatelskom-prostranstve"},"modified":"2026-10-22T17:40:53","modified_gmt":"2026-10-22T15:40:53","slug":"f-stack-2-0-user-space-network-stack-released","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sl\/blog\/news\/f-stack-2-0-user-space-network-stack-released","title":{"rendered":"Objavljen je omre\u017eni sklad F-Stack 2.0, ki deluje v uporabni\u0161kem prostoru.","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Izkazala se je izdaja projekta F-Stack 2.0, ki razvija razli\u010dico omre\u017enega sklada FreeBSD, prilagojeno za izolirano delovanje v uporabni\u0161kem prostoru v obliki knji\u017enice. Projekt je ustvarilo najve\u010dje telekomunikacijsko podjetje v Kitajski, Tencent, in se uporablja v njegovih izdelkih in storitvah. Koda je napisana v jeziku C in se distribucira pod licenco BSD. Podpira delovanje v Linuxu in FreeBSD. Projekt podpira tudi razli\u010dice Nginx 1.28 in DBMS Redis 6.2.6, prevedene za uporabo F-Stack, ki prikazujejo zmogljivost vi\u0161jo od obi\u010dajnih razli\u010dic, ki delujejo nad sistemskim omre\u017enim skladom.<\/p>\n<p>F-Stack omogo\u010da uporabo lastnega lokalnega omre\u017enega sklada v aplikacijah, neodvisnega od omre\u017enega sklada operacijskega sistema, delujo\u010dega v uporabni\u0161kem prostoru in neposredno povezanega z omre\u017eno opremo. F-Stack se predstavlja kot re\u0161itev, ki omogo\u010da pove\u010danje zmogljivosti obdelovalcev omre\u017enih poizvedb, kadar standardni TCP\/IP sklad jedra Linux postane ozka grla in omejuje skalabilnost. Teoreti\u010dno F-Stack omogo\u010da dosego omre\u017ene zmogljivosti, ki jo omogo\u010da uporabljena omre\u017ena kartica, in v nekaterih situacijah omogo\u010da ve\u010dkratno pove\u010danje \u0161tevila obdelanih manj\u0161ih omre\u017enih poizvedb. <\/p>\n<p>Pove\u010danje zmogljivosti se dose\u017ee z izklju\u010ditvijo operacij, kot so kopiranje omre\u017enih paketov, razporejanje niti, obdelava prekinitev in klici sistemskih funkcij. Za interakcijo z omre\u017eno kartico, brez posredovanja vmesnikov jedra operacijskega sistema, se uporablja okvir DPDK (Data Plane Development Kit), ki razvija niz knji\u017enic za nizkonivojsko delo z omre\u017enimi adapterji. DPDK omogo\u010da zmanj\u0161anje stro\u0161kov in dosego minimalnega \u0161tevila CPU ciklov pri sprejemu ali po\u0161iljanju omre\u017enih paketov.  <\/p>\n<p>Funkcionalnost TCP\/IP steka je u skladu sa mre\u017enim stakom FreeBSD 15 i odvojena iz ove operativne sisteme u nezavisnu biblioteku. Za razvoj aplikacija mo\u017ee se koristiti standardni POSIX API (socket, epoll, kqueue) ili vlastiti programski interfejs zasnovan na mikrotredovima, koji olak\u0161ava stvaranje mre\u017enih aplikacija i omogu\u0107ava izbegavanje slo\u017eene logike asinhronog obrade zahteva. Mogu\u0107e je kori\u0161\u0107enje sa nemodifikovanim aplikacijama u\u010ditavanjem preko LD_PRELOAD.<\/p>\n<p>Najistaknutije izmene u novom izdanju:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Komponente mre\u017enog steka su a\u017eurirane na stanje FreeBSD 15 (prethodno je kori\u0161\u0107en FreeBSD 13).\n<li class=\"l\"> Implementiran je re\u017eim vi\u0161estrukog rada (thread_mode=1) u jednom procesu, koji dopunjava ranije dostupni vi\u0161epostupkovni re\u017eim.\n<li class=\"l\"> Dodata je lak\u0161a verzija rada (primary_slim), pri \u010demu glavni proces izvr\u0161ava samo osnovne zadatke inicijalizacije i koordinacije, dok prijem paketa i obrada redova prijema\/transfera (rx\/tx) obavljaju isklju\u010divo podprocesi.\n<li class=\"l\"> Dodata je podr\u0161ka za mehanizam hardverskog ubrzanja<br \/>\nTSO (TCP Segmentation Offload) za premestanje operacija spajanja paketa na mre\u017enu kartu, uz mogu\u0107nost vra\u0107anja na softversku implementaciju. Pobolj\u0161ana je podr\u0161ka za TSO (TCP Segmentation Offload, premestanje obrade segmenata paketa na mre\u017enu kartu) za IPv6.<\/p>\n<li class=\"l\"> Dodana je mogu\u0107nost promene veli\u010dine MTU (Maximum transmission unit) i implementirana podr\u0161ka za jumbo-okvire.\n<li class=\"l\"> Pro\u0161irene su mogu\u0107nosti upravljanja hardverskim ubrzanjem obra\u010duna kontrolnih suma poslatih paketa.\n<li class=\"l\"> Dodata funkcija ff_zc_recv() za primanje podataka bez me\u0111ubuferisanja (zero-copy). Prera\u0111ena je sli\u010dna funkcija ff_zc_send() za slanje. Optimizovana i dodatno pobolj\u0161ana <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sl\/lir\/ipv4\/\"   title=\"podr\u017eavanjem IPv6\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\">podr\u017eavanjem IPv6<\/a> funkcija ff_rss_check().\n<li class=\"l\"> Dodata opcija FF_KERNEL_COEXIST za rad u saradnji sa mre\u017enim stekom jezgra.\n<li class=\"l\"> Omogu\u0107eno je \u010duvanje informacija o saobra\u0107aju u pcap-dampovima sa nanosekundnom precizno\u0161\u0107u.\n<li class=\"l\"> U config.ini dodani su novi parametri idle_loop_interval, extra_eal_args, drain_ring_size, reload_heartbeat_timeout_ms i reload_udp_idle_ms.\n<li class=\"l\">  U specijalizovanoj verziji nginx implementirana je podr\u0161ka za ponovno u\u010ditavanje konfiguracije i a\u017euriranje binarnog fajla bez prekida veza (graceful_reload=1).\n<\/ul>\n<p>Izvor: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=66526\">opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0421\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 F-Stack 2.0, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044e \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0430 FreeBSD, \u0430\u0434\u0430\u043f\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0432 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u0432 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0435 \u0431\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0438. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d \u043a\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043d\u0435\u0439\u0448\u0435\u0439 \u0432 \u041a\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043c\u043c\u0443\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u0439 Tencent \u0438 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0435\u0451 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0430\u0445 \u0438 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0445. \u041a\u043e\u0434 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d \u043d\u0430 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0435 \u0421\u0438 \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u043b\u0438\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0437\u0438\u0435\u0439 BSD. \u041f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430 \u0432 Linux \u0438 FreeBSD. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0451\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":10,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-183964","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.5 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0421\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 F-Stack 2.0, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e 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