{"id":29999,"date":"2019-10-31T21:33:07","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:33:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/kompakt-disku-40-let-i-on-myortv-li\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T21:33:07","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:33:07","slug":"kompakt-disku-40-let-i-on-myortv-li","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sl\/blog\/kompakt-disku-40-let-i-on-myortv-li","title":{"rendered":"CD-ju je 40 let in je mrtev (ali pa ne?)","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

\"CD-ju
\nPrototip predvajalnika Philips, revija Elektuur \u0161t. 188, junij 1979, Oznaka javnega domena 1.0<\/a><\/noindex><\/i><\/p>\n

Kompaktni disk ima 40 let, in za tiste med nami, ki se spominjamo, kako se je vse za\u010delo, ostaja skrivnostno dose\u017eek visoke tehnologije tudi danes, ko je ta medij moral ustopiti pod pritiskom preto\u010dnih storitev.<\/p>\n

\u010ce bi \u017eeleli ugotoviti trenutek, ko je digitalna tehnologija za\u010dela izpodrivati analogno v potro\u0161ni\u0161ki elektroniki, bi to lahko \u0161tel kot pojav CD-ja. Sredi sedemdesetih so bile najbolj za\u017eelene elektronske 'igra\u010de' analogni videorekorder in CB-postaja, vendar je z izdajo prvih doma\u010dih ra\u010dunalnikov in laserskih predvajalnikov sanje tistih, ki so \u017eeleli biti 'na vrhu valovanja', nenadoma spremenile. CD-predvajalnik je postal prvi potro\u0161ni\u0161ki elektronski aparat, ki je vseboval \u010deprav majhen, a pravi laser, kar se je takrat zdelo kot nekaj fantasti\u010dnega, prav nerealnega. Danes nove tehnologije, ki prihajajo na trg, ne povzro\u010dajo takega u\u010dinka: obravnavajo jih kot nekaj, kar se pojavi in izgine 'po svoji poti'.<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Od kje je pri\u0161el?<\/h1>\n

\n\u00bbNogi\u00ab u formata rastejo iz najsodobnej\u0161ih na\u010dinov snemanju videa tistega \u010dasa, ki so jih razvijalci \u017eeleli prilagoditi tudi za visokokakovostno snemanje zvoka. V podjetju Sony so posku\u0161ali prilagoditi videorekorder za digitalno snemanje zvoka, medtem ko je Philips posku\u0161al zvo\u010dne podatke snemati v analogni obliki na opti\u010dne diske, podobne tistim, ki so se \u017ee uporabljali za shranjevanje videa. Kasneje so in\u017eenirji obeh korporacij pri\u0161li do spoznanja, da je bolje snemati na opti\u010dne diske, vendar v digitalni obliki. Danes je ta \u00bbampak\u00ab o\u010ditno samoumeven, takrat pa se do njega ni pri\u0161lo takoj. Po razvoju dveh nezdru\u017eljivih, a zelo podobnih formatov sta Sony in Philips za\u010dela sodelovati, in do leta 1979 predstavila prototipe predvajalnika in 120-milimetrskega diska, ki je vseboval ve\u010d kot eno uro 16-bitnega stereo zvoka s frekvenco vzor\u010denja 44,1 kHz. V znanstveni in popularni literaturi ter periodiki so novi tehnologiji pripisovali neverjetno futuristi\u010dnost in pretiravali njene mo\u017enosti. V televizijskih oddajah so obljubljali, da bodo ti diski \u00bbneuni\u010dljivi\u00ab v primerjavi z vinilnimi plo\u0161\u010dami, kar je \u0161e dodatno spodbudilo zanimanje zanje. Sijajo\u010d srebrni predvajalnik Philips z zgornjim pomo\u017enim polnjenjem je izgledal osupljivo, a so prve modele teh naprav v trgovine pri\u0161li \u0161ele leta 1982.<\/p>\n

Kako deluje?<\/h1>\n

\n\u010ceprav se je uporabnikom zdelo, da je na\u010delo delovanja CD-predvajalnika prekompleksno in nepredstavljivo, je bilo v resnici vse presenetljivo preprosto in razumljivo. Zlasti v primerjavi z analognimi videorekorderji, ob katerih je stalo mnogi izmed teh predvajalnikov. Do konca osemdesetih let so na primeru naprave PKD razlagali najrazli\u010dnej\u0161e teme morebitnim in\u017eenirjem elektronike. Takrat je \u017ee mnogi vedeli, kaj to\u010dno je ta format, a dale\u010d ne vsi so si lahko privo\u0161\u010dili nakup takega predvajalnika.<\/p>\n

CD-imenik \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442 \u0443\u0434\u0438\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043c\u0430\u043b\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0432\u0438\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0439. \u041c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b, \u043a\u043e\u0439\u0442\u043e \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0432\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e \u0438\u0437\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a, \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0430 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u043a \u043d\u0430 \u0438\u0437\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u0441\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0432\u0438\u0436\u0432\u0430 \u0441 \u043c\u0430\u043b\u044a\u043a \u0435\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0432\u0438\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b \u0447\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044f\u0447\u0435\u043d \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b. \u0418\u041a \u043b\u0430\u0437\u0435\u0440 \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0438 \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0437\u043c\u0430, \u043a\u043e\u044f\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0437\u044f\u0432\u0430 \u043b\u044a\u0447\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434 90\u00b0. \u041e\u0431\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u044a\u0442 \u0444\u043e\u043a\u0443\u0441\u0438\u0440\u0430 \u043b\u044a\u0447\u0430 \u0438 \u0442\u043e\u0439, \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0435\u043d \u043e\u0442 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0430, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u043e \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0437\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0430, \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0434\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0438 \u0438 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0433\u0430 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u043e\u0442 \u0447\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0438 \u0444\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043e\u0434\u0430. \u041c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c\u044a\u0442 \u0437\u0430 \u0444\u043e\u043a\u0443\u0441\u0438\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u0441\u0435 \u0441\u044a\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438 \u043e\u0442 \u043c\u0430\u0433\u043d\u0438\u0442 \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438. \u041f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u044f\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u0438 \u0444\u043e\u043a\u0443\u0441\u0438\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u043c\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0437\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u0438\u0437\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0433\u0430 \u0432 \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044a\u0440\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430\u0442\u0430; \u043d\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u044f\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d\u044f\u0432\u0430 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0442\u043e, \u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0444\u043e\u043a\u0443\u0441\u0430 - \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0448\u0438\u0440\u044f\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0435. \u0410\u0432\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0443\u043b\u0438\u0440\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0447\u0435\u0442\u044f\u0449\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0430, \u0444\u043e\u043a\u0443\u0441\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0438 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435, \u0437\u0430 \u0434\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438 \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0432 \u0441\u0438\u0433\u043d\u0430\u043b, \u043e\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u0439\u0442\u043e \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0442 \u0434\u0430 \u0441\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0430\u0442 \u0446\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0438 \u0441 \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442.<\/p>\n

\"CD-ju
\n\u0423\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0437\u0430 \u0447\u0435\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0435 \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u044f\u0441\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, CC BY-SA 3.0<\/a><\/noindex><\/i><\/p>\n

\u0411\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u044f\u0432\u0430\u0442 \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0438, \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0438\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441 \u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f EFM (\u043e\u0441\u0435\u043c \u0434\u043e \u0447\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0441\u0435\u0442 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f)<\/a><\/noindex>, \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0432\u0430\u0449\u0430 \u0438\u0437\u0431\u044f\u0433\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u043d\u0438 \u043d\u0443\u043b\u0438 \u0438 \u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438; \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0442\u0430 000100010010000100 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0430 111000011100000111. \u0421\u043b\u0435\u0434 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u0437\u0430 \u0442\u044a\u0440\u0441\u0435\u043d\u0435 \u0441\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a \u043e\u0442 16-\u0431\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0438 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0438, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0449\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0420\u0438\u0439\u0434-\u0421\u043e\u043b\u043e\u043c\u043e\u043d \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044a\u043f\u0432\u0430\u0449\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0426\u0410\u041f. \u0412\u044a\u043f\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0438 \u0447\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u0430 \u0432\u043d\u0430\u0441\u044f\u043b\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0438 \u0443\u0441\u044a\u0432\u044a\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u0442\u0430\u0437\u0438 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430, \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442 \u043e\u043f\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e-\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d \u0443\u0437\u0435\u043b.<\/p>\n

\u041a\u0430\u043a\u0432\u043e \u043c\u0443 \u0441\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435?<\/h1>\n

\nV devetdesetih je format iz fantasti\u010dnega in presti\u017enega pre\u0161el v mno\u017ei\u010dno rabo. Predvajalniki so mo\u010dno poceneli, na trg so pri\u0161le prenosne razli\u010dice. Diskovni predvajalniki so za\u010deli iz \u017eepov izpodrivjati kasetne. Podobno se je dogajalo tudi z CD-ROM, in v drugi polovici devetdesetih je bilo te\u017eko predstavljati nov ra\u010dunalnik brez CD-pogona in multimedijske enciklopedije v kompletu. Tudi Vist 1000HM ni bil izjema \u2014 stiliziran ra\u010dunalnik s hrbteni\u010dnim zvo\u010dnikom, vgrajenim v monitor, FM sprejemnikom in kompaktno IR tipkovnico z vgrajenim joystickom, ki je spominjal na ogromen daljinski upravljalnik od glasbene naprave. Na splo\u0161no je svojim videzom kri\u010dal, da mu ni mesta v pisarni, temve\u010d v bivalnem prostoru, in si je \u017eelel zavzeti mesto, ki ga zaseda prav glasbena naprava. Pripravljen je bil disk skupine \u201eNautilus Pompilius\u201c s skladbami v \u0161tiribitnih monofonih WAV-datotekah, ki so zasedale malo prostora. Bila je tudi bolj specializirana tehnika, ki je uporabljala CD kot nosilec podatkov, na primer Philips CD-i in Commodore Amiga CDTV, prav tako predvajalniki Video CD, naprava Sega Mega CD za konzole Mega Drive\/Genesis, konzole 3DO in Play Station (prva)\u2026<\/p>\n

\"CD-ju
\nCommodore Amiga CDTV, CC BY-SA 3.0<\/a><\/noindex><\/i><\/p>\n

\"CD-ju
\nRa\u010dunalnik Vist Black Jack II, zunanje ne lo\u010dljiv od Vist 1000HM, itWeek, (163)39`1998<\/a><\/noindex><\/i><\/p>\n

Medtem ko so bogati usvajali to novost, se je na dnevnem redu pojavila nova tema: mo\u017enost zapisovanja kompaktnih diskov doma. Spet je di\u0161alo po fantaziji. Le redki sre\u010dni lastniki zapisovalnih enot so posku\u0161ali povrniti stro\u0161ke, s plakati: \"Naredim varnostno kopijo va\u0161ega trdega diska na CD, poceni\". To se je zgodilo hkrati z nastankom komprimiranega avdioformata MP3, ko so bili izdani prvi predvajalniki MPMan in Diamond Rio. Ti so takrat uporabljali \u0161e vedno drage pomnilni\u0161ke naprave, medtem ko je kompaktni disk Lenoxx MP-786 postal pravi hit \u2014 odli\u010dno je predvajal tako samostojne kot pripravljene diske z MP3-datotekami. Napster in podobni viri so kmalu padli pod udar glasbenih zalo\u017eb, ki so se kljub temu obenem zanimale za nov format. Ena izmed prvih licen\u010dnih MP3-diskov je izdala skupina \"Krematorij\", ki se je najpogosteje predvajala prav na tem predvajalniku. Enkrat je prevajalec celo moral priti do enega tak\u0161nega predvajalnika in odstraniti napako, ki je povzro\u010dala drgnjenje diska ob pokrov. Izpust prvih iPodov s strani podjetja Apple, ki so omogo\u010dali nakup albumov prek priro\u010dnega vmesnika na ra\u010dunalni\u0161kem zaslonu, je spodbudil glasbene zalo\u017ebe, da so se dokon\u010dno preusmerile iz boja proti komprimiranim avdioformatom v izkori\u0161\u010danje komercialne koristi. Potem je pametni telefon skoraj povsem odpravili potrebe po lo\u010denih MP3-predvajalnikih \u0161e hitreje, kot so ti prej potisnili CD-\u010dke, medtem ko se zdaj vinili in kasete spet o\u017eivljajo. Ali je kompaktni disk mrtev? Verjetno ne, saj proizvodnja tako enot kot medijev ni povsem prenehala. In ni izklju\u010deno, da bo nova val nostalgije znova obudila ta format.
\n
Izvor: habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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