{"id":30053,"date":"2019-10-31T21:33:26","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:33:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/optimizatsiya-proizvoditelnosti-apache2\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T21:33:26","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:33:26","slug":"optimizatsiya-proizvoditelnosti-apache2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sl\/blog\/optimizatsiya-proizvoditelnosti-apache2","title":{"rendered":"Optimizacija zmogljivosti apache2","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Mnogi uporabljajo apache2 kot spletni stre\u017enik. Vendar pa se redko kdo zamisli nad optimizacijo njegovega delovanja, kar neposredno vpliva na hitrost nalaganja spletnih strani, hitrost obdelave skript (zlasti php), ter pove\u010dano obremenitev CPU in pove\u010danje porabe RAM-a. <\/p>\n<p>Tako naj bi naslednji priro\u010dnik pomagal tako za\u010detnikom (kot tudi drugim) uporabnikom.<br \/>\nVsi spodaj navedeni primeri so bili uporabljeni na Raspberry PI 3, Debian 9, Apache 2.4.38, PHP 7.3.<br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\nTorej, za\u010dnimo.<\/p>\n<h3>1. Onemogo\u010danje nepotrebnih modulov<\/h3>\n<p>\nPrva metoda je preprosto onemogo\u010danje modulov, ki jih ne uporabljate:<\/p>\n<p>Seznam trenutno uporabljenih modulov lahko vidite s ukazom:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"bash\">apache2ctl -M<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nZa onemogo\u010danje modula uporabite ukaz:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"bash\">a2dismod *ime modula*<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nSamo za vklju\u010ditev modula uporabite ukaz:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"bash\">a2enmod *ime modula*<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nUpo\u0161tevajte, da pri uporabi <i>a2dismod<\/i>, je treba ime modula napisati brez besede modul.<\/p>\n<p>Na primer, \u010de ste v izhodu ukaza <i>apache2ctl -M<\/i> videli <i>proxy_module<\/i>, potem za njegovo onemogo\u010danje uporabite ukaz \u2014 <i>a2dismod proxy<\/i><\/p>\n<p>Najbolj obremenjujo\u010di moduli (po osebnih izku\u0161njah) so:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>PHP, Ruby, Perl in drugi moduli za razli\u010dne skriptne jezike<\/li>\n<li><a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sl\/ssl-sertifikat\/\"   title=\"SSL\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"2258\">SSL<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Rewrite<\/li>\n<li>CGI<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nTako da v tistih primerih, ko teh modulov ne potrebujete, priporo\u010dam, da te module onemogo\u010dite.<\/p>\n<p>Poleg tega, po onemogo\u010denju katerega koli modula, priporo\u010dam uporabo ukaza \u2014 <i>apache2ctl configtest<\/i>, ki preveri konfiguracijo uporabljenih spletnih mest in \u010de je kateri od onemogo\u010denih modulov potreboval za njih, bo izdal napako.<\/p>\n<h3>2. Menjava MPM (Multi-Processing Module) in uporaba php-fpm<\/h3>\n<p>\nPrivzeto, po namestitvi, apache2 uporablja MPM Prefork (1 nit na 1 povezavo), kar znatno zni\u017euje zmogljivost, hkrati pa izbolj\u0161uje stabilnost in varnost.<\/p>\n<p>Za optimizacijo zmogljivosti priporo\u010dam uporabo MPM Worker, ki omogo\u010da uporabo ve\u010d niti na eno povezavo.<\/p>\n<p>Za vklju\u010ditev uporabite naslednje ukaze:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"bash\">a2dismod mpm_prefork  \/\/Onemogo\u010damo prefork\na2dismod php7.3  \/\/Onemogo\u010damo modul php, ki je odvisen od prefork\na2enmod mpm_worker  \/\/Vklju\u010dujemo worker\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nVendar pa se lahko pri uporabi Worker sre\u010date z te\u017eavo, saj je modul php7.3 odvisen od modula Prefork.<\/p>\n<p>Za re\u0161itev tega problema bomo namestili modul php7.3-fpm, ki bo uporabljen za izvajanje php skript.<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"bash\">apt-get update &amp;&amp; apt-get install php7.3-fpm  \/\/ Namestimo\nsystemctl enable php7.3-fpm &amp;&amp; systemctl start php7.3-fpm  \/\/ Dodamo v samodejno nalaganje in zagnamo\na2enmod php7.3-fpm &amp;&amp; a2enconf php7.3-fpm.conf  \/\/ Omogo\u010dimo modul in konfiguracijo zanj\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nOpaziti je treba, da uporaba php-fpm tudi zmanj\u0161a koli\u010dino RAM-a, ki ga uporablja proces apache2, in nekoliko pospe\u0161i izvajanje php skript.<\/p>\n<h3>3. Zaklju\u010dek<\/h3>\n<p>\nTako smo s temi preprostimi koraki uspeli optimizirati zmogljivost in zmanj\u0161ati obremenitev naprave (v tem primeru RPI3).<\/p>\n<p>Seveda obstaja \u0161e stotine drugih mo\u017enosti optimizacije, kot so omogo\u010danje stiskanja (kar je v resnici koristno, a je v ve\u010dini primerov \u017ee privzeto vklju\u010deno), spreminjanje parametrov (konfiguracijskih datotek) MPM, onemogo\u010danje HostnameLookups itd., vendar sem v tem \u010dlanku \u017eelel izpostaviti predvsem tiste to\u010dke, ki so mi najve\u010d pomagale, in upam, da bodo pomagale tudi drugim.<br \/>\n<br \/>Izvor: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/post\/444732\/\">habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0442 apache2 \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0431-\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430. \u041e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e \u043c\u0430\u043b\u043e \u043a\u0442\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0443\u043c\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0431 \u043e\u043f\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u044f\u043c\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0441\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446 \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0430, \u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u043a\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0442\u043e\u0432 (\u0432 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 php), \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0426\u041f \u0438 \u0443\u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0451\u043c\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u041e\u0417\u0423. \u0422\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043c \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043c, \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u043d\u0443\u0430\u043b, \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0435\u043d \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0447\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u043c (\u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e) \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f\u043c. \u0412\u0441\u0435 \u043d\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0451\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u044b [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-30053","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-blog"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.4 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0442 apache2 \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0431-\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430.\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Yuri Gagarin\"\/>\n\t<link rel=\"canonical\" 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