{"id":30649,"date":"2019-10-31T21:36:42","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:36:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/bekap-nagotove-razrushaem-mify-v-chest-prazdnika\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T21:36:42","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:36:42","slug":"bekap-nagotove-razrushaem-mify-v-chest-prazdnika","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sl\/blog\/administrirovanie\/bekap-nagotove-razrushaem-mify-v-chest-prazdnika","title":{"rendered":"Varnostne kopije pripravljene: razbijamo mite v \u010dast prazniku","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Varnostne
\n
\nZagotovitev varnostnih kopij ni nekaj, kar bi se obravnavalo kot moderna tehnologija, ki jo ogla\u0161ujejo na vsakem koraku. Preprosto mora biti v vsakem resnem podjetju, to je vse. V na\u0161i banki se varnostne kopije opravljajo za ve\u010d tiso\u010d stre\u017enikov \u2013 to je zapleteno, zanimivo delo, o nekaterih finih podrobnostih, pa tudi o tipi\u010dnih zmotah glede varnostnih kopij, bi rad spregovoril.
\n<\/a><\/noindex>
\nS to tematiko se ukvarjam \u017ee skoraj 20 let, od tega zadnji 2 leti v Promsvyazbank. Na za\u010detku prakse sem skoraj ro\u010dno izvajal varnostne kopije, s skripti, ki so preprosto kopirali datoteke. Nato so v Windows pri\u0161li uporabni\u0161ki pripomo\u010dki: orodje Robocopy za pripravo datotek in NT Backup za kopiranje. Kasneje je pri\u0161el \u010das za specializirano programsko opremo, predvsem Veritas Backup Exec, ki se sedaj imenuje Symantec Backup Exec. Tako da sem z varnostnimi kopijami \u017ee dolgo na teko\u010dem.<\/p>\n

\u010ce re\u010demo po doma\u010de, varnostno kopiranje je shranjevanje kopije podatkov (virtualnih naprav<\/a>, aplikacij, podatkovnih baz in datotek) za vsak primer z dolo\u010deno rednostjo. Vsak primer obi\u010dajno nastane v obliki tamponske ali logi\u010dne napake, kar lahko privede do izgube podatkov. Naloga sistema varnostnega kopiranja je zmanj\u0161ati izgube zaradi izgube informacij. Napaka strojne opreme je na primer okvara stre\u017enika ali shranjevanja, kjer je baza podatkov. Logi\u010dna napaka pa je izguba ali sprememba dela podatkov, vklju\u010dno z napakami zaradi \u010dlove\u0161kega dejavnika: nenamerno brisanje tabele, datoteke, zagon napa\u010dnega skripta. Obstoje\u010de so tudi zahteve regulatorjev glede shranjevanja dolo\u010denega tipa informacij v dalj\u0161em obdobju, na primer do ve\u010d let.<\/p>\n

\"Varnostne
\n
\nNajpogostej\u0161a uporaba varnostnih kopij pa je obnova shranjene kopije podatkovnih baz za uvajanje razli\u010dnih testnih sistemov, klonov za razvijalce.<\/p>\n

Okoli varnostnega kopiranja kro\u017ei ve\u010d tipi\u010dnih mitov, ki jih je \u017ee skrajni \u010das razbliniti. Tukaj so najpoznane\u0161i med njimi. <\/p>\n

Mit 1. Varnostna kopija je \u017ee dolgo le majhna funkcija znotraj sistemov varnosti ali shranjevanja.<\/h3>\n

\nSistemi za pravljenje rezervnih kopija i dalje ostaju poseban razred re\u0161enja, i izuzetno su nezavisni. Previ\u0161e je va\u017eno poveriti im tako su\u0161tinskog posla. U su\u0161tini, oni su poslednja linija odbrane kada je re\u010d o o\u010duvanju podataka. Dakle, pravljenje rezervnih kopija funkcioni\u0161e u svom ritmu, prema svom vlastitom rasporedu. Svakodnevni izve\u0161taj se priprema za servere, a doga\u0111aji deluju kao okida\u010di za sistem pra\u0107enja.<\/p>\n

\"Varnostne
\n
\nPored toga, model pristupa sistemu rezervnih kopija omogu\u0107ava delegiranje dela ovla\u0161\u0107enja administrativnim osobama ciljanih sistema za upravljanje rezervnim kopijama.<\/p>\n

Mit 2. Kada postoji RAID, rezervne kopije vi\u0161e nisu potrebne<\/h3>\n

\n\"Varnostne
\n
\nNesumnjivo, RAID nizovi i replikacija podataka su dobar na\u010din za\u0161tite informacionih sistema od hardverskih kvarova, a u prisustvu standby servera \u2014 brzog prelaska na njega u slu\u010daju kvara glavne ma\u0161ine.<\/p>\n

Prema logi\u010dkim gre\u0161kama koje su napravili korisnici sistema, redundantnost i replikacija ne poma\u017eu. Da, standby server sa odlo\u017eenim zapisom mo\u017ee pomo\u0107i, ako je gre\u0161ka otkrivena pre nego \u0161to je sinhronizovana. A ako je trenutak propu\u0161ten? Tada poma\u017ee samo pravovremena rezervna kopija. Ako je poznato da su se podaci izmenili ju\u010de, mogu\u0107e je vratiti sistem na stanje od preju\u010der i izvu\u0107i potrebne podatke. Imaju\u0107i u vidu da su logi\u010dke gre\u0161ke naj\u010de\u0161\u0107e, stara dobra rezervna kopija ostaje provereno i potrebno sredstvo.<\/p>\n

Mit 3. Rezervne kopije se prave jednom mese\u010dno.<\/h3>\n

\nFrekvencija pravljenja rezervnih kopija je podesiv parametar, koji prvenstveno zavisi od zahteva za sistemom rezervnih kopija. Sasvim je realno prona\u0107i podatke koji se prakti\u010dno nikada ne menjaju i nisu posebno va\u017eni, njihovo gubljenje ne\u0107e biti kriti\u010dno za kompaniju.
\nNjih, zaista, mo\u017eete praviti rezervne kopije jednom mese\u010dno ili \u010dak re\u0111e. Me\u0111utim, kriti\u010dniji podaci se \u010duvaju \u010de\u0161\u0107e, u zavisnosti od RPO (Recovery Point Objective) pokazatelja, koji defini\u0161e dozvoljeni gubitak podataka. To mo\u017ee biti jednom nedeljno, jednom dnevno ili \u010dak vi\u0161e puta na sat. Kod nas su to logovi transakcija iz baze podataka.<\/p>\n

\"Varnostne
\n
\n\u041f\u0440\u0438 \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0434\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043c\u044b\u0448\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u044d\u043a\u0441\u043f\u043b\u0443\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e \u0443\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e \u043f\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e, \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u0437\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u044b \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u043a \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439, \u043f\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043a \u0432\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b, \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0439 \u0438 \u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0435.<\/p>\n

\u041c\u0438\u0444 4. \u041e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043c \u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0439 \u043d\u0435\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0440\u044b\u0432\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0442 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u0437\u0430\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u043b\u044e\u0431\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e.<\/h3>\n

\n\u0420\u0435\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0438 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u044e\u0442 \u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0440\u043e\u043a \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u041d\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043c\u044b\u0441\u043b\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u043a\u0430\u043f\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0441\u0435 365 \u0435\u0436\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0439 \u0432 \u0442\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430. \u041e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0435\u0448\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0435\u0436\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0438 \u0432 \u0442\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 2 \u043d\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c, \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0447\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043e\u043d\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u043c\u0438, \u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u044f, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u0441\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0432 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0446\u0435. \u042d\u0442\u0430 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u044f \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u2013 \u0443 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0438 \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0440\u043e\u043a \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f.<\/p>\n

\"Varnostne
\n
\n\u0421\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u0430 \u043e\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445. \u0414\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u043e: \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0435 \u0447\u0435\u043c \u0431\u044d\u043a\u0430\u043f \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d, \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0435\u043d \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439. \u0422\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043c \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043c, \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0442 \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044b, \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u0438\u0437-\u0437\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430. \u0421\u043e\u0431\u043b\u044e\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u043c\u043a\u0438, \u043d\u043e \u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0439 \u0432 \u043d\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0435. \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0432 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0443\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0432\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0431\u044d\u043a\u0430\u043f\u0430, \u0438\u0445 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0434\u0432\u0430, \u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0430\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u044f \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0442\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430, \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0443\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0448\u043d\u043e \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0439. \u0422\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043c \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043c, \u0443\u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043c\u0430, \u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0432\u043e\u043c \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0439, \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043e \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0441 \u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043c \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0449\u0430\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u0442 \u043e\u0442 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438.<\/p>\n

\u041c\u0438\u0444 5. \u041d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0431\u044d\u043a\u0430\u043f \u2013 \u0432\u0441\u0451 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e.<\/h3>\n

\n\u041f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u0431\u044b \u0441\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0442\u0430\u043a: \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u0441\u0451 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e, \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0442, \u0434\u0435\u043b\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u0432 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0435, \u0430 \u0432 \u043a\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0430\u0434\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430. \u0412 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u0431\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u0442 \u043e\u0442 \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0444\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u043e\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f: \u043d\u0430\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0431\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0449\u0430 \u0438 \u043b\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0431\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0438. stre\u017enikov<\/a> \u041e\u0442 \u0431\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f: \u0443\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043b\u0438 \u043e\u043d\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435, \u043e\u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0436\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u0434\u0435\u0434\u0443\u043f\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e. \u0422\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u0442 \u043e\u0442 \u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0438 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0438 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043e\u043c. <\/p>\n

\u0420\u0435\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0445, \u0432 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043e\u0442 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043b\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u043c\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c. \u041d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u0421\u0423\u0411\u0414 Oracle \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0432, \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432, \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0433\u043d\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438.<\/p>\n

\u010ce posku\u0161ate varnostno kopirati z veliko povezavami, obstaja mo\u017enost, da preobremenite delovni sistem, kar lahko privede do zastojev. Zato je izbrano optimalno \u0161tevilo povezav, da se zagotovi zadostna hitrost delovanja. \u010ce pa je tudi najmanj\u0161i upad hitrost kriti\u010den, obstaja odli\u010dna mo\u017enost, da se varnostno kopiranje opravi ne s produkcijskega stre\u017enika, temve\u010d z njegovim klonom \u2013 standby v terminologiji baz podatkov. Ta postopek ne obremenjuje glavnega delovnega sistema. Podatke je mogo\u010de pridobiti preko ve\u010d povezav, saj stre\u017enik ni obremenjen z obdelavo.<\/p>\n

V velikih organizacijah se za sistem varnostnega kopiranja ustvari lo\u010dena mre\u017ea, da varnostno kopiranje ne vpliva na produkcijo. Poleg tega se lahko promet prena\u0161a ne preko mre\u017ee, temve\u010d preko SAN.
\n\"Varnostne
\nTrudimo se razporediti obremenitev tudi po \u010dasu. Varnostne kopije se ve\u010dinoma izvajajo v neobdelovnem \u010dasu: pono\u010di, ob koncih tedna. Poleg tega se ne za\u017eenejo vse hkrati. Varnostne kopije virtualnih strojev so poseben primer. Postopek prakti\u010dno ne vpliva na zmogljivost samega stroja, zato lahko varnostno kopiranje razdelimo \u010dez dan, namesto da bi vse prestavili na no\u010d. Ob\u010dutkov je veliko, \u010de vse upo\u0161tevamo, varnostno kopiranje ne vpliva na zmogljivost sistemov.<\/p>\n

Mit 6. Zagnal sem sistem varnostnega kopiranja \u2013 in dobil odpornosti.<\/h3>\n

\nNikoli ne pozabite, da je sistem za varnostno kopiranje zadnja obrambna linija, kar pomeni, da mora pred njim biti \u0161e nekaj sistemov, ki zagotavljajo kontinuiteto, visoko dostopnost in odpornost IT-infrastrukture ter informacijskih sistemov podjetja.<\/p>\n

Ne smete upati, da bo varnostno kopiranje obnovilo vse podatke in hitro o\u017eivilo padec storitve. Izguba podatkov od trenutka varnostnega kopiranja do trenutka okvare je zagotovljena, podatki na novem stre\u017eniku pa se lahko nalagajo ve\u010d ur (ali dni, odvisno od sre\u010de). Zato je smiselno ustvariti popolne odpornosti, ne da bi vse prenesli na varnostno kopiranje.<\/p>\n

Mit 7. Enkrat sem nastavljen varnostno kopiranje, preveril, da deluje. Preostane le gledanje dnevnikov.<\/h3>\n

\nTo je en mit, ki je eden najbolj \u0161kodljivih, \u010digar napa\u010dnost spoznamo \u0161ele ob incidentu. Dnevniki o uspe\u0161ni varnostni kopiji niso zagotovilo, da je vse potekalo, kot bi moralo. Shranjeno kopijo je pomembno vnaprej preveriti za razpolo\u017eljivost. To pomeni, da je treba zagnati proces obnovitve v testnem okolju in preveriti rezultat. <\/p>\n

In malo o delu sistemskega administratorja<\/h3>\n

\nV ro\u010dnem na\u010dinu nih\u010de ve\u010d ne kopira podatkov. Sodobni SRK-ji znajo varnostno kopirati skoraj vse, le da ga je treba ustrezno nastaviti. \u010ce dodamo nov stre\u017enik \u2013 je treba dolo\u010diti politike: izbrati vsebino, ki jo bomo varnostno kopirali, dolo\u010diti shranjevalne parametre in uporabiti razpored.<\/p>\n

\"Varnostne
\n
\nKljub temu je dela kar precej zaradi obse\u017enega parka stre\u017enikov, med katerimi so tako podatkovne baze, kot po\u0161tni sistemi, klasterji virtualnih strojev in datote\u010dni viri tako na Windows kot na Linux\/Unix. Zaposleni, ki vzdr\u017eujejo delovanje sistema za varnostno kopiranje, ne sedijo brez dela.<\/p>\n

Ob prazniku \u017eelim vsem administratorjem mo\u010dne \u017eivce, natan\u010dnost gibov in neskon\u010den prostor za shranjevanje varnostnih kopij!<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Izvor: habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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