{"id":33123,"date":"2019-10-31T21:50:52","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:50:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/terraformer-infrastructure-to-code\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T21:50:52","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:50:52","slug":"terraformer-infrastructure-to-code","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sl\/blog\/administrirovanie\/terraformer-infrastructure-to-code","title":{"rendered":"Terraformer \u2014 Infrastruktura kao kod","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Terraformer
\nRad bih pri\u010dao o novom CLI alatu koji sam napisao za re\u0161avanje jednog starog problema. <\/p>\n

Te\u017eava<\/h3>\n

\nTerraform je ve\u0107 dugo postao standard u DevOps\/Cloud\/IT zajednici. To je vrlo prakti\u010dna i korisna stvar za rad s infrastrukturalnim kodom. Ima mnogo prednosti, ali i nekoliko zamki i opasnosti.
\nS Terraformom je veoma lako kreirati nove stvari i upravljati njima, menjati ili brisati. A \u0161ta je s onima koji imaju ogromnu infrastrukturu u oblaku koja nije stvorena preko Terrform-a? Prepisivati i ponovo kreirati celu infrastrukturu zvu\u010di skupo i nesigurno.
\nSusretao sam se s takvim problemom na dva posla, najjednostavniji primer je kada \u017eelite da se sve zavr\u0161i u git-u u obliku Terraform datoteka, a vi imate 250+ kanti i pisanje njih za Terraform ru\u010dno je prili\u010dno naporno.
\nJe issue<\/a><\/noindex> Jo\u0161 od 2014. godine u Terraformu je postojala opcija koja je zatvorena 2016. godine s nadom da \u0107e postojati mogu\u0107nost uvoza.<\/p>\n

U svakom slu\u010daju, sve izgleda kao na slici, samo s desna na levo.
\n<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Upozorenje: Autor \u017eivi polovinu svog \u017eivota van Rusije i malo pi\u0161e na ruskom. Pa\u017enja na gre\u0161ke u pravopisu.<\/p>\n

Re\u0161itve<\/h3>\n

\n1. Postoje gotova i stara re\u0161enja za AWS. terraforming<\/a><\/noindex>. Kada sam poku\u0161ao da dobijem svojih 250+ kanti, shvatio sam da to ne funkcioni\u0161e dobro. AWS je ve\u0107 davno dodao mnogo novih opcija, a terraforming o njima ni\u0161ta ne zna i uop\u0161te koristi Ruby. Templati izgledaju oskudno.<\/a><\/noindex>. Nakon 2 sata uve\u010de, poslao sam Pull request<\/a><\/noindex> da dodam vi\u0161e mogu\u0107nosti tamo i shvatio sam da takva re\u0161enja uop\u0161te ne odgovaraju.
\nKako terraforming funkcioni\u0161e? Uzima podatke iz AWS SDK-a i generi\u0161e tf i tfstate kroz templatu.
\nTu su 3 problema:
\n1. Uvek \u0107e postojati zaostatak u a\u017euriranjima.
\n2. tf datoteke ponekad izlaze o\u0161te\u0107ene.
\n3. tfstate se sastavlja odvojeno od tf i ne podudara se uvek.
\nUglavnom, te\u0161ko je dobiti rezultat pri kojem `terraform plan` ka\u017ee da nema promena.<\/p>\n

2. `terraform import` \u2014 ugra\u0111ena komanda u Terraformu. Kako radi?
\nNapi\u0161ete praznu TF datoteku s imenom i izgledom resursa, zatim pokrenete `terraform import` i prosledite ID resursa. Terraform se obra\u0107a provajderu, dobija podatke i pravi tfstate datoteku.
\nTu su 3 problema:
\n1. Dobijamo samo tfstate datoteku, a tf je prazan, treba ga ru\u010dno napisati ili konvertovati iz tfstate.
\n2. Mo\u017ee raditi samo s jednim resursom svaki put i ne podr\u017eava sve resurse. A \u0161ta da radim s 250+ kanti?
\n3. Morate znati ID resursa \u2014 tj. treba ga obaviti kodom koji se\u010de spisak resursa.
\nUglavnom, rezultat je delimi\u010dan i nije dobro skalabilan.<\/p>\n

Moje re\u0161enje.
\n<\/h3>\n

Zahteve:
\n1. Mo\u017enost ustvariti datoteke tf in tfstate iz virov. Na primer prenesti vse obleke\/security group\/load balancer in kar `terraform plan` vra\u010da, da ni sprememb.
\n2. Potrebna sta 2 oblaka GCP + AWS.
\n3. Svetovna re\u0161itev, ki jo je enostavno posodobiti vsaki\u010d in ne porabiti 3 dni dela na vsak vir.
\n4. Narediti odprtokodno \u2014 to je te\u017eava, s katero se soo\u010dajo vsi.<\/p>\n

Jezik Go \u2014 ker ga imam rad, in ima knji\u017enico za ustvarjanje datotek HCL, ki se uporablja v terraformu + veliko kode v terraformu, ki je lahko koristna.<\/p>\n

Pot.<\/h3>\n

\nPrvi poizkus.
\nZa\u010del sem s preprosto razli\u010dico. Klici v oblak preko SDK za zahtevane vire in njihovo pretvorbo v polja za terraform. Poizkus je takoj umrl pri security group, ker mi ni bilo v\u0161e\u010d pretvarjati le security group 1,5 dneva (virov je veliko). Traja dolgo, potem pa se lahko polja spremenijo\/dodajajo.<\/p>\n

Drugi poizkus.
\nOsnovano na opisanih idejah. tukaj<\/a><\/noindex>. Preprosto vzeti in pretvoriti tfstate v tf. Vsi podatki so tam in polja so ista. Kako pridobiti popoln tfstate za ve\u010d virov?? Tukaj je pomagala ukaz `terraform refresh`. Terraform vzame vse vire v tfstate in po ID-ju iz njih potegne podatke in vse zapi\u0161e v tfstate. To pomeni, da ustvarimo prazno tfstate le z imeni in ID-ji, za\u017eenemo `terraform refresh` in tako dobimo popolne tfstate. Ura!
\nZdaj se bomo lotili rekurzivnega pisanja pretvornika za tfstate v tf. Za tiste, ki nikoli niso brali tfstate, je to JSON, vendar poseben.
\nTukaj je njegov pomemben del attributes.<\/p>\n

 \"attributes\": {\n                            \"id\": \"default\/backend-logging-load-deployment\",\n                            \"metadata.#\": \"1\",\n                            \"metadata.0.annotations.%\": \"0\",\n                            \"metadata.0.generate_name\": \"\",\n                            \"metadata.0.generation\": \"24\",\n                            \"metadata.0.labels.%\": \"1\",\n                            \"metadata.0.labels.app\": \"backend-logging\",\n                            \"metadata.0.name\": \"backend-logging-load-deployment\",\n                            \"metadata.0.namespace\": \"default\",\n                            \"metadata.0.resource_version\": \"109317427\",\n                            \"metadata.0.self_link\": \"\\\/apis\\\/apps\\\/v1\\\/namespaces\\\/default\\\/deployments\\\/backend-logging-load-deployment\",\n                            \"metadata.0.uid\": \"300ecda1-4138-11e9-9d5d-42010a8400b5\",\n                            \"spec.#\": \"1\",\n                            \"spec.0.min_ready_seconds\": \"0\",\n                            \"spec.0.paused\": \"false\",\n                            \"spec.0.progress_deadline_seconds\": \"600\",\n                            \"spec.0.replicas\": \"1\",\n                            \"spec.0.revision_history_limit\": \"10\",\n                            \"spec.0.selector.#\": \"1\",\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\nTukaj je:
\n1. id \u2014 niz.
\n2. metadata \u2014 tabela velikosti 1, ki vsebuje objekt s polji, kot je opisano spodaj.
\n3. spec \u2014 hash velikosti 1, ki vsebuje klju\u010d, vrednost.
\nNa kratko, zabavna oblika, vse lahko gre globoko tudi na ve\u010d nivojev.<\/p>\n
                   \"spec.#\": \"1\",\n                            \"spec.0.min_ready_seconds\": \"0\",\n                            \"spec.0.paused\": \"false\",\n                            \"spec.0.progress_deadline_seconds\": \"600\",\n                            \"spec.0.replicas\": \"1\",\n                            \"spec.0.revision_history_limit\": \"10\",\n                            \"spec.0.selector.#\": \"1\",\n                            \"spec.0.selector.0.match_expressions.#\": \"0\",\n                            \"spec.0.selector.0.match_labels.%\": \"1\",\n                            \"spec.0.selector.0.match_labels.app\": \"backend-logging-load\",\n                            \"spec.0.strategy.#\": \"0\",\n                            \"spec.0.template.#\": \"1\",\n                            \"spec.0.template.0.metadata.#\": \"1\",\n                            \"spec.0.template.0.metadata.0.annotations.%\": \"0\",\n                            \"spec.0.template.0.metadata.0.generate_name\": \"\",\n                            \"spec.0.template.0.metadata.0.generation\": \"0\",\n                            \"spec.0.template.0.metadata.0.labels.%\": \"1\",\n                            \"spec.0.template.0.metadata.0.labels.app\": \"backend-logging-load\",\n                            \"spec.0.template.0.metadata.0.name\": \"\",\n                            \"spec.0.template.0.metadata.0.namespace\": \"\",\n                            \"spec.0.template.0.metadata.0.resource_version\": \"\",\n                            \"spec.0.template.0.metadata.0.self_link\": \"\",\n                            \"spec.0.template.0.metadata.0.uid\": \"\",\n                            \"spec.0.template.0.spec.#\": \"1\",\n                            \"spec.0.template.0.spec.0.active_deadline_seconds\": \"0\",\n                            \"spec.0.template.0.spec.0.container.#\": \"1\",\n                            \"spec.0.template.0.spec.0.container.0.args.#\": \"3\",<\/code><\/pre>\n
\n\u0412 \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u043c, \u043a\u0442\u043e \u0445\u043e\u0447\u0435\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0443 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0435\u0440 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430 \ud83d\ude42
\n\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u043f\u044b\u0442\u043e\u043a \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0435\u0440 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0431\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0432, \u044f \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0435\u043b \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0435 Terraform, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043c \u0441\u0430\u043c\u0443\u044e \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c. \u0418 \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e \u043d\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e.<\/p>\n
\u041f\u043e\u043f\u044b\u0442\u043a\u0430 \u0442\u0440\u0438.
\nTerraform provider \u2014 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0431\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u044b, \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a\u043e\u0434 \u0441\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0435\u043c\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0441\u0443\u0440\u0441\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0438 \u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0441 API \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432. \u0423 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u043a\u0430 \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439 provider, \u0430 \u0441\u0430\u043c Terraform \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0432\u044b\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u0445 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b RPC \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u043c\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0430\u043c\u0438.
\n\u0422\u0435\u043f\u0435\u0440\u044c \u044f \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0438\u043b \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u044f\u043c\u0443\u044e \u043a Terraform providers \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 RPC \u0432\u044b\u0437\u043e\u0432\u044b. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u0432\u044b\u0433\u043b\u044f\u0434\u0435\u043b\u043e \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0432\u043e \u0438 \u0434\u0430\u043b\u043e \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c Terraform providers \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u043d\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u044f \u043a\u043e\u0434. \u0415\u0449\u0435 \u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044f \u0432 tfstate \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u043d\u044b \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0432 Terraform, \u0430 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0443\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0442\u044c? \u0422\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0443 provider \u043e\u0431 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c. \u041f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043c \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c \u0435\u0449\u0435 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u043a\u0443\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f \u0441 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0438 tfstate \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044f\u0445.<\/p>\n
\u0412 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u043b\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0439 CLI tool \u0441 \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 Terraform providers, \u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043b\u0435\u0433\u043a\u043e \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439. \u0422\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0441\u0443\u0440\u0441\u043e\u0432 \u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0435\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430. \u041f\u043b\u044e\u0441 \u0432\u0441\u044f\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043b\u044e\u0448\u043a\u0438 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u0440\u0435\u0441\u0443\u0440\u0441\u0430\u043c\u0438. \u041a\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0447\u043d\u043e, \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0442\u044c.
\n\u041d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043b \u0437\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0443\u0448\u043a\u0443 Terrafomer. <\/p>\n
Zaklju\u010dek<\/h3>\n
\nS pomo\u010djo Terrafomerja smo generirali 500-700 tiso\u010d vrstic tf + tfstate kode iz dveh oblakov. Uspelo nam je prevzeti nepravilnosti in za\u010deti z njimi delati le skozi terraform, kot v najbolj\u0161ih praksah infrastrukture kot kode. Preprosto magi\u010dno je, ko vzame\u0161 ogromno oblak in ga dobi\u0161 preko ukaza v obliki delovnih terraform datotek. In naprej grep\/replace\/git itd.<\/p>\n
Izra\u010dunal in uredil sem, pridobil dovoljenja. Izdano na Githubu za vse v \u010detrtek (02.05.19). github.com\/GoogleCloudPlatform\/terraformer<\/a><\/noindex>
\n\u017de imam 600 zvezd, 2 pull requesta za dodajanje podpore openstack in kubernetes. Dobre ocene. Na splo\u0161no je projekt koristen za ljudi.
\nPriporo\u010dam vsem, ki \u017eelijo za\u010deti delati s Terraformom in ne \u017eelijo vsega prepisovati. 
\nBil bi vesel pull requestov, te\u017eav, zvezd.<\/p>\n
Demo
\n\"Terraformer<\/noindex>
\n
Izvor: habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u0425\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043b \u0431\u044b \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 CLI tool \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u044f \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043b \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u044b. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0430 Terraform \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0432 Devops\/Cloud\/IT \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435. \u0412\u0435\u0449\u044c \u043e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044c \u0443\u0434\u043e\u0431\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0437\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431 \u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0441\u044f infrastructure as code. 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