{"id":34705,"date":"2019-10-31T21:59:54","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:59:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/arm-predstavila-novoe-moshhnoe-yadro-tsp-cortex-a77\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T21:59:54","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:59:54","slug":"arm-predstavila-novoe-moshhnoe-yadro-tsp-cortex-a77","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sl\/blog\/news\/arm-predstavila-novoe-moshhnoe-yadro-tsp-cortex-a77","title":{"rendered":"ARM je predstavio novo mo\u0107no CPU jezgro \u2013 Cortex-A77","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

ARM je predstavila svoj najnoviji dizajn procesora \u2013 Cortex-A77. Kao i pro\u0161logodi\u0161nji Cortex-A76, ova jezgra su namenjena za visoke zadatke na pametnim telefonima i raznim ure\u0111ajima. U njoj se razvijatelj fokusira na pove\u0107anje broja izvr\u0161enih instrukcija po taktu (IPC). Takta i potro\u0161nja energije ostale su pribli\u017eno na nivou Cortex-A76.<\/p>\n

\"ARM<\/p>\n

Trenutno, ARM brzo pove\u0107ava performanse svojih jezgara. U skladu s njenim planovima, po\u010dev\u0161i od Cortex-A73 iz 2016. godine do dizajna Hercules iz 2020. godine, kompanija namerava da pove\u0107a snagu CPU-a 2,5 puta. Ve\u0107 su prelazi sa 16 nm na 10 nm, a zatim na 7 nm omogu\u0107ili pove\u0107anje takta, a u kombinaciji s arhitekturama Cortex-A75 i zatim Cortex-A76, prema procenama ARM-a, danas se postigao 1,8-struki porast performansi. Sada jezgro Cortex-A77 \u0107e omogu\u0107iti pove\u0107anje performansi jo\u0161 za 20 % pri istoj frekvenciji takta zahvaljuju\u0107i rastu IPC-a. To zna\u010di da 2,5-struki porast u 2020. godini postaje sasvim mogu\u0107.<\/p>\n

\"ARM<\/p>\n

I pored rasta IPC-a od 20 %, prema procenama ARM-a, potro\u0161nja energije A77 nije pove\u0107ana. Kompromis u ovom slu\u010daju je da je povr\u0161ina \u010dipa A77 otprilike 17 % ve\u0107a od A76 pri istim tehnolo\u0161kim normama. Kao rezultat, tro\u0161ak pojedina\u010dnog jezgra \u0107e blago porasti. Ako uporedimo postignu\u0107e ARM-a sa liderima industrije, treba napomenuti da je AMD u Zen 2 postigao porast IPC-a od 15 % u pore\u0111enju sa Zen+, dok je vrednost IPC-a kod Intelovih jezgra godinama ostala otprilike na istom nivou.<\/p>\n

\"ARM<\/p>\n

Prozor izvr\u0161enja sa promenom redosleda instrukcija (out-of-order window size) pove\u0107an je za 25 %, na 160 jedinica, \u0161to omogu\u0107ava jezgru da pove\u0107a paralelizam kalkulacija. \u010cak je i u Cortex-A76 postojao veliki bafer adresa grane (Branch Target Buffer), a u Cortex-A77 je dodatno pove\u0107an za 33 %, na 8 KB, \u0161to omogu\u0107ava bloku predikcije grane da efikasno upravlja rastom broja paralelnih instrukcija.<\/p>\n

<\/center>
\n\"ARM<\/p>\n

\u0160e vedno zanimiva novost je popolnoma nov 1,5 KB predpomnilnik, v katerem so shranjene makrooperacije (MOP), ki se vrnejo iz dekodirnega modula. Arhitektura procesorja ARM dekodira ukaze iz uporabni\u0161ke aplikacije v manj\u0161e makrooperacije in jih nato razbije na mikrooperacije, ki se prenesejo \u017ee jedru izvr\u0161evanja. Predpomnilnik MOP se uporablja za zmanj\u0161anje vpliva zamujenih vej in prekinitev, saj so zdaj makrooperacije shranjene v lo\u010denem bloku in ne zahtevajo ponovnega dekodiranja \u2014 s tem se pove\u010duje skupna propustnost jedra. V nekaterih obremenitvah je nova enota izjemno koristno dopolnilo standardnemu predpomnilniku ukazov.<\/p>\n

\"ARM<\/p>\n

\"ARM<\/p>\n

Izvr\u0161ilno jedro je dobilo \u010detrti ALU in drugi blok vejic. \u010cetrti ALU pove\u010da skupno prepustnost procesorja za 1,5-krat zaradi mo\u017enosti izvajanja enokratnih navodil (kot sta ADD in SUB) ter dvohitrostnih celih operacij, kot je mno\u017eenje. Dva druga ALU lahko obravnavata le osnovna enokratna navodila, medtem ko se zadnji blok obremenjuje z bolj zapletenimi matemati\u010dnimi operacijami, kot so deljenje, mno\u017eenje s akumulacijo itd. Drugi blok vejic znotraj izvr\u0161ilnega jedra podvoji \u0161tevilo hkratnih preklopov vejic, s katerimi lahko jedro dela, kar je koristno v primerih, ko sta dve od \u0161estih poslanih ukazov povezana z vejicami. Interna testiranja v ARM so pokazala pove\u010danje zmogljivosti z uporabo tega drugega bloka preklopov.<\/p>\n

\"ARM<\/p>\n

\"ARM<\/p>\n

Med drugimi spremembami jedra \u2014 dodajanje druge cevi za \u0161ifriranje AES, pove\u010danje propustnosti pomnilnika, izbolj\u0161an mehanizem predhodnega izbora podatkov naslednje generacije, ki omogo\u010da pove\u010danje u\u010dinkovitosti porabe energije in hkrati pove\u010danje propustnosti sistema DRAM, optimizacija delovanja predpomnilnika in tako naprej.<\/p>\n

\"ARM<\/p>\n

\"ARM<\/p>\n

Najve\u010dja izbolj\u0161ava je opa\u017eena pri Cortex-A77 pri celo\u0161tevilski obdelavi in izra\u010dunih s plavajo\u010do vejico. To potrjujejo notranji testi ARM v SPEC, ki so pokazali pove\u010danje zmogljivosti za 20 % in 35 % pri celo\u0161tevilski obdelavi in izra\u010dunih s plavajo\u010do vejico. Izbolj\u0161anja propustnosti pomnilnika se gibljejo nekje med 15\u201320 %. Na splo\u0161no optimizacije in spremembe v A77 povpre\u010dno prina\u0161ajo 20-odstotno pove\u010danje zmogljivosti v primerjavi s prej\u0161njo generacijo. Z novej\u0161imi tehnolo\u0161kimi standardi, kot je 7 nm ULV, lahko pridobimo dodatne prednosti v kon\u010dnih \u010dipih.<\/p>\n

\"ARM<\/p>\n

\"ARM<\/p>\n

ARM je zasnoval Cortex-A77 za delovanje v konfiguraciji 4+4 big.LITTLE (4 zmogljiva jedra in 4 enostavna energijsko u\u010dinkovita). Vendar pa lahko mnogi proizvajalci, zaradi pove\u010dane povr\u0161ine nove arhitekture, v imenu var\u010devanja uvedejo konfiguracije 1+3+4 ali 2+2+4, ki se \u017ee aktivno prakticirajo, kjer bo samo eno ali dve jedri popolnoma funkcionalna, neokrnjena A77.<\/p>\n

\"ARM<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

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Izvor: 3dnews.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

ARM \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0439\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u0434\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0439\u043d \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0440\u0430 — Cortex-A77. \u041a\u0430\u043a \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043b\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0439 Cortex-A76, \u044d\u0442\u043e \u044f\u0434\u0440\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447 \u0432 \u0441\u043c\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0444\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0445 \u0438 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\u0445. \u0412 \u043d\u0451\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a \u043d\u0430\u0446\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d \u043d\u0430 \u0443\u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u0437\u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434 (IPC). \u0422\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0438 \u044d\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0433\u043e\u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0435 Cortex-A76. \u0412 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0449\u0435\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f ARM \u043d\u0430\u0446\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0431\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438\u0445 \u044f\u0434\u0435\u0440. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":26154,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-34705","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47ARM je predstavil novo mo\u010dno jedro CPU \u2014 Cortex-A77 | ProHoster","description":"ARM je predstavil svojo najnovej\u0161o zasnovo procesorja \u2014 Cortex-A77. Tako kot lanski Cortex-A76 je to jedro namenjeno vrhunskim nalogam v pametnih telefonih in najrazli\u010dnej\u0161ih napravah.","canonical_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sl\/blog\/news\/arm-predstavila-novoe-moshhnoe-yadro-tsp-cortex-a77","robots":"max-image-preview:large","keywords":"","webmasterTools":{"miscellaneous":""},"schema":null,"og:locale":"sl_SI","og:site_name":"ProHoster | \u041a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442 DDoS, VPS VDS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b","og:type":"article","og:title":"\ud83e\udd47ARM \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0449\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u043e \u0426\u041f \u2014 Cortex-A77 | ProHoster","og:description":"ARM \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0439\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u0434\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0439\u043d \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u2014 Cortex-A77. \u041a\u0430\u043a \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043b\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0439 Cortex-A76, \u044d\u0442\u043e \u044f\u0434\u0440\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447 \u0432 \u0441\u043c\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0444\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0445 \u0438 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0445 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