{"id":38754,"date":"2019-10-31T22:25:45","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:25:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/reliz-openssh-8-1\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:25:45","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:25:45","slug":"reliz-openssh-8-1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sl\/blog\/news\/reliz-openssh-8-1","title":{"rendered":"Izhod OpenSSH 8.1","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Po \u0161estih mesecih razvoja <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/lists.mindrot.org\/pipermail\/openssh-unix-dev\/2019-October\/037966.html\">predstavljen<\/a><\/noindex> izdanje <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/www.openssh.com\/\">OpenSSH 8.1<\/a><\/noindex>, odprta implementacija odjemalca in stre\u017enika za delo s protokoli SSH 2.0 in SFTP. <\/p>\n<p>Nov izdaja pritegne posebno pozornost zaradi odprave ranljivosti, ki se nana\u0161a na ssh, sshd, ssh-add in ssh-keygen. Te\u017eava je prisotna v kodi za obdelavo zaprti klju\u010dev tipa XMSS in omogo\u010da napadalcu, da spro\u017ei prelivanje celo\u0161tevilske spremenljivke. Ranljivost je ozna\u010dena kot izkori\u0161\u010dena, vendar slabo uporabna, saj podpora za klju\u010de XMSS spada med eksperimentalne funkcionalnosti, ki so privzeto onemogo\u010dene (v prenosni razli\u010dici v autoconf niti ni predvidena mo\u017enost za vklju\u010ditev XMSS).<\/p>\n<p>Glavne spremembe: <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> V ssh, sshd in ssh-agent <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=50929\">dodano<\/a><\/noindex> koda, ki prepre\u010duje obnovitev zasebnega klju\u010da, ki se nahaja v pomnilniku, zaradi napadov preko stranskih kanalov, kot so <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=47856\">Spectre, Meltdown<\/a><\/noindex>, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=41340\">RowHammer<\/a><\/noindex> in <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/rambleed.com\/\">RAMBleed<\/a><\/noindex>. Zasebni klju\u010di so zdaj \u0161ifrirani, ko so nalo\u017eeni v pomnilnik in de\u0161ifrirani samo ob uporabi, medtem ko ostajajo \u0161ifrirani v preostalih trenutkih. S tak\u0161nim pristopom napadalcu uspe\u0161no obnovitev zaprtega klju\u010da zahteva predhodno obnovitev naklju\u010dno generiranega vmesnega klju\u010da velikosti 16 kB, ki se uporablja za \u0161ifriranje glavnega klju\u010da, kar je malo verjetno ob dana\u0161nji pogostosti napak pri obnovitvi;\n<li class=\"l\"> V  <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/man.openbsd.org\/ssh-keygen.1\">ssh-keygen<\/a><\/noindex>  dodana eksperimentalna podpora poenostavljenemu sistemu ustvarjanja in preverjanja digitalnih podpisov. Digitalni podpisi se lahko ustvarjajo s pomo\u010djo obi\u010dajnih SSH klju\u010dev, shranjenih na disku ali v ssh-agent, in se preverjajo z uporabo seznama, podobnega authorized_keys <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/man.openbsd.org\/ssh-keygen.1#ALLOWED_SIGNERS\">seznamu dovoljenih klju\u010dev<\/a><\/noindex>. Digitalni podpis vklju\u010duje informacije o prostoru imen, da se prepre\u010di zmedo pri uporabi v razli\u010dnih domenah (na primer za email in datoteke);\n<li class=\"l\"> ssh-keygen je po defaultu pre\u0161el na uporabo algoritma rsa-sha2-512 za potrjevanje certifikatov digitalnih podpisov na osnovi RSA klju\u010da (v CA na\u010dinu dela). Tak\u0161ni certifikati niso zdru\u017eljivi s razli\u010dicami pred OpenSSH 7.2 (za zagotavljanje zdru\u017eljivosti je treba preoverrideati vrsto algoritma, na primer s klicem &#171;ssh-keygen -t ssh-rsa -s &#8230;&#187;);\n<li class=\"l\"> V ssh izraz ProxyCommand zdaj podpira raz\u0161iritev placeholderja &#171;%n&#187; (ime gostitelja navedeno v naslovni vrstici);\n<li class=\"l\"> V seznamih algoritmov \u0161ifriranja za ssh in sshd je zdaj mogo\u010de za vnos privzetih algoritmov uporabiti znak &#171;^&#187;. Na primer, za dodajanje ssh-ed25519 v privzeti seznam lahko navedete &#171;HostKeyAlgorithms ^ssh-ed25519&#187;;\n<li class=\"l\"> V ssh-keygen je omogo\u010den izhod priponke k klju\u010du pri pridobivanju javnega klju\u010da iz zasebnega;\n<li class=\"l\"> V ssh-keygen je bila dodana mo\u017enost uporabe zastavice &#171;-v&#187; pri izvajanju operacij iskanja klju\u010dev (na primer, &#171;ssh-keygen -vF host&#187;), kar povzro\u010di izpis pregledne podpise gostitelja;\n<li class=\"l\"> Dodana je mo\u017enost uporabe <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/PKCS_8\">PKCS8<\/a><\/noindex> kot alternativnega formata za shranjevanje zasebnih klju\u010dev na disku. Privzeto se \u0161e naprej uporablja format PEM, PKCS8 pa je lahko koristen za dosego zdru\u017eljivosti s tretjimi aplikacijami.\n<\/ul>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"link\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p>Izvor: <a \ncontent=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=51640\">opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0448\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0446\u0435\u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 OpenSSH 8.1, \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u0438 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u043f\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0430\u043c SSH 2.0 \u0438 SFTP. \u041e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043c \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0433\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 ssh, sshd, ssh-add \u0438 ssh-keygen. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0443\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0435 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0438\u043d\u0433\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u0439 \u0441 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u043e\u043c XMSS \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0430\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0438\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0446\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435. \u0423\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0442\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u044d\u043a\u0441\u043f\u043b\u0443\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u043c\u0430\u044f, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-38754","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.4 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" 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