{"id":40621,"date":"2020-02-02T10:39:27","date_gmt":"2020-02-02T07:39:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/blog_prohoster\/kak-ya-prepodaval-a-potom-metodichku-po-python-pisal"},"modified":"2020-02-02T10:39:27","modified_gmt":"2020-02-02T07:39:27","slug":"kak-ya-prepodaval-a-potom-metodichku-po-python-pisal","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sl\/blog\/kak-ya-prepodaval-a-potom-metodichku-po-python-pisal","title":{"rendered":"Kako sem pou\u010deval, nato pa pisal gradivo o Pythonu","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Kako
\nPrej\u0161nje leto sem delal kot u\u010ditelj v enem izmed provincialnih u\u010dnih centrov (v nadaljevanju \u2014 UC), ki se specializirajo za u\u010denje programiranja. Ne bom poimenoval tega u\u010dnega centra ter se bom izognil omembi podjetij, imen avtorjev itd.
\n<\/a><\/noindex>
\nTorej, delal sem kot u\u010ditelj Python in Java. Ta UC je nabavljal u\u010dne materiale za Javo, Python pa so zagnali, ko sem pri\u0161el jaz in jim to predlagal.<\/p>\n

Gradivo za u\u010dence (v bistvu u\u010dbenik ali samou\u010ditelj) sem pisal za Python, vendar je imelo u\u010denje Jave in u\u010dni materiali, ki so se tam uporabljali, dolo\u010den vpliv.<\/p>\n

Re\u010di, da so bili grozni \u2014 ne pomeni ni\u010d. U\u010dbenik za Javo, ki ga dobavlja ena zelo znana firma v Rusiji, ni bil zasnovan tako, da bi u\u010dil \u010dloveka osnovam jezika na splo\u0161no in OOP paradigmi posebej, temve\u010d, da bi star\u0161i, ki so pri\u0161li na odprte u\u010dne ure, videli, kako njihov sin ali h\u010di kopirata iz u\u010dbenika ka\u010do ali \u0161ahovnico. Zakaj pravim kopirali? Zelo preprosto, te\u017eava je v tem, da so v u\u010dbeniku navedeni cela lista (A4) kode, nekateri deli kode pa niso bili pojasnjeni. Na koncu mora u\u010ditelj ali nadzorovati, na kateri to\u010dki kode se trenutno nahaja vsak u\u010denec, razlaga vsak stavek, ali pa vse zasuka v kopiranje.<\/p>\n

Re\u010dete: \u201eNo in kaj takega, naj u\u010ditelj raje dela, ka\u010da in \u0161ahovnica sta res super!\u201c<\/p>\n

No, vse bi bilo super, \u010de \u0161tevilo ljudi v skupini ne bi bilo okoli 15, kar je \u017ee precej, \u010de nameravate spremljati vse in razlagati: \u201eIn torej, kaj pi\u0161emo?\u201c<\/p>\n

Poleg \u0161tevila ljudi v skupini je \u0161e en problem, povezan s tem gradivom. Koda je napisana\u2026 kako bi vam to povedal, preprosto grozno. Nabor antipaternov, arhai\u010dnih praks, saj u\u010dbenik \u017ee dolgo ni bil posodobljen, in na\u0161 najljub\u0161i, seveda \u2014 stilni vodi\u010d. Zato, celo \u010de boste nadzorovali vse svoje varovance in jim uspe\u0161no in jasno razlo\u017eili, kaj pomeni kopirana koda, je sama koda tako grozna, da jih ne bo nau\u010dila benigno re\u010deno ne tega.<\/p>\n

In short, the conclusion that devastates this textbook is that from the very beginning there is a lack of any reasonable introduction explaining what data types are, that they can be object or primitive, what criterion checks the property that generates this dichotomy, etc. In the first chapter, you and your students are asked to create (write) a program that opens a window and displays \"Hello!\", but it does not explain what this line of code actually means, only references to further lessons are provided; for example, it mentions \"main\" \u2014 the entry point, but does not elaborate on the concept of an \"entry point\" itself.<\/p>\n

To summarize, this paper was a meme even among educators and administrators. It taught children absolutely nothing; once I encountered a group that had been studying these materials for a year, and in the end, they couldn't even write a loop. I should note that they were all quite intelligent, and soon things were not as bad. Most colleagues tried to deviate from the methodical materials so that the content was absorbed rather than just disappearing into thin air, although there were less diligent individuals who thought it was normal for their students to copy without any explanations.<\/p>\n

When it became clear that I would leave the training center, and the Python program had to be somehow continued next year, I set about writing my textbook. In short, I divided it into two parts: in the first, I explained everything about data types, their essence, operations on them, and language instructions. Between topics, I made Q&A sections so that future teachers could understand how well the students grasped the subject. At the end, I created a small project assignment. Thus, the first part explains the basics of the language and elaborates on them, consisting of about 12-13 lessons lasting 30-40 minutes each. In the second part, I wrote about OOP, detailing how its implementation in Python differs from most others, and made many references to the style guide, etc. To summarize \u2014 I tried to be as different as possible from what was in the Java textbook. Recently, I wrote to the current Python instructor asking for feedback on the materials, and now I\u2019m glad that everything is going well, that the children really understand programming in Python.<\/p>\n

Kak\u0161en zaklju\u010dek bi \u017eelel narediti iz te zgodbe: dragi star\u0161i, \u010de se odlo\u010dite, da otroka vpi\u0161ete v izobra\u017eevalni center, skrbno spremljajte, kaj po\u010dnejo, da va\u0161 otrok ne bo zaman izgubljal \u010dasa in ne izgubi \u017eelje po programiranju v prihodnosti.<\/p>\n

UPD: Kot je pravilno opozoril komentator, skoraj ni\u010desar nisem povedal o predstavitvi vsebine. Takoj bom rekel, da menim, da bi moralo biti ve\u010d prakti\u010dnih vaj, \u010dim ve\u010d. Na koncu vsakega u\u010dnega sklopa v prvi del sem izvedel 4-5 manj\u0161ih prakti\u010dnih nalog, povezanih s temo poglavja. Med poglavji so bili QnA (kontrolne ure), kjer so bile prav tako prakti\u010dne naloge, vendar ocenjene; na koncu prvega dela pa je bil projekt z izbiro teme iz predlaganih. V drugem delu sem predstavil OOP skozi ustvarjanje konzolne mini igre, katere razvoj je bil celoten drugi del in celotno uvajanje v paradigmo.<\/p>\n

Samo registrovani korisnici mogu u\u010destvovati u anketi. Prijavite se<\/a><\/noindex>, molim vas.<\/p>\n

Ali se va\u0161 otrok u\u010di programiranja v izobra\u017eevalnem centru?<\/h2>\n