{"id":74853,"date":"2020-03-21T08:42:40","date_gmt":"2020-03-21T05:42:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/administrirovanie\/linux-kernel-5-6-chto-zhdat-v-novoj-versii-yadra"},"modified":"2020-03-21T08:42:40","modified_gmt":"2020-03-21T05:42:40","slug":"linux-kernel-5-6-chto-zhdat-v-novoj-versii-yadra","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sl\/blog\/administrirovanie\/linux-kernel-5-6-chto-zhdat-v-novoj-versii-yadra","title":{"rendered":"Linux kernel 5.6 \u2013 kaj pri\u010dakovati v novi razli\u010dici jedra","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Izdanje Linux kernela 5.6 je zakazano za kraj marta. U dana\u0161njem \u010dlanku razmatramo nadolaze\u0107e promene \u2014 novi fajlsistem, protokol WireGuard i a\u017euriranja drajvera.<\/p>\n

\"Linux<\/a><\/noindex><\/a><\/noindex>
\nFoto \u2014 lucas huffman<\/a><\/noindex> \u2014 Unsplash<\/i><\/p>\n

O\u010dekivani VPN protokol<\/h2>\n

\nDevid Miler (David Miller), odgovoran za mre\u017eni sistem Linuxa, odlu\u010dio je vklopiti<\/a><\/noindex> da uklju\u010diti WireGuard u jezgro. Ovo je VPN tunel koji je razvijen u kompaniji Edge Security. Ideja raspravljali<\/a><\/noindex> je postojala jo\u0161 pre dve godine \u2014 tada je podr\u017eao<\/a><\/noindex> sam Linus Torvalds \u2014 me\u0111utim, implementacija je odlo\u017eena. Projekat je bio jako vezan za kriptografske funkcije Edge Security. Ali pre \u0161est meseci, autori novog protokola su postigli kompromis i prebacili su se<\/a><\/noindex> na podr\u017eane Crypto API jezgra.<\/p>\n

Je mnenje<\/a><\/noindex>, tako da bi u budu\u0107nosti WireGuard mogao zameniti OpenVPN. Prema teste<\/a><\/noindex>, propusnost novog protokola je \u010detiri puta ve\u0107a nego kod OpenVPN: 1011 Mbit\/s naspram 258 Mbit\/s. Ipak, treba napomenuti da prelazak na standardni Crypto API mo\u017ee pogor\u0161ati performanse.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\nJo\u0161 jedna karakteristika WireGuard-a je to \u0161to ne prekida vezu<\/a><\/noindex>, \u010dak i kada korisnik dobije novu IP adresu, i samostalno re\u0161ava pitanja rutiranja. Za te svrhe, svakom mre\u017enom interfejsu dodeljuju se privatni klju\u010devi. Oni se generi\u0161u pomo\u0107u Diffie-Hellman protokola<\/a><\/noindex>. Sama enkripcija je zasnovana<\/a><\/noindex> na ChaCha20 i algoritmu Poly1305<\/a><\/noindex>. Oni se smatraju unapre\u0111enim analogama AES-256-CTR i HMAC<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n

Novi fajlsistem<\/h2>\n

\nOvaj sistem je postala<\/a><\/noindex> Zonefs, predstavili su in\u017eenjeri Western Digital-a. Namenjen je radu sa zoniranim ure\u0111ajima za skladi\u0161tenje (zoned storage<\/a><\/noindex>). To su blok ure\u0111aji \u010dija je adresna prostor podeljena na zone (na primer, NVMe SSD). Fajlsistem omogu\u0107ava obradu svake zone kao fajl \u2014 tj. kori\u0161\u0107enje specijalnih API umesto ioctl<\/a><\/noindex> za pristup Skladi\u0161nim sistemima. Sli\u010dan pristup koriste baze podataka RocksDB i LevelDB. To omogu\u0107ava smanjenje tro\u0161kova za prenosenje koda, koji je prvobitno bio prilago\u0111en za rad sa fajlovima.<\/p>\n

U Linux-u ve\u0107 postoji funkcija za interakciju sa blok ure\u0111ajima. U jezgru verzije 4.13 pojavil<\/a><\/noindex> modul dm-zoned. On predstavlja zonirani ure\u0111aj kao obi\u010dan blok ure\u0111aj, a Zonefs \u0107e biti alternativa.<\/p>\n

\"Linux
\nFoto \u2014 Suzan Kir\u0161i\u0107<\/a><\/noindex> \u2014 Unsplash<\/i><\/p>\n

Pored implementacije novog fajlsistema, programeri Linux kernela su uneli izmene u postoje\u0107e. Uvedeni su dodano<\/a><\/noindex> mehanizmi kompresije LZO<\/a><\/noindex>\/LZ4<\/a><\/noindex> za F2FS \u2014 njihova podr\u0161ka \u0107e ostati eksperimentalna. Mora\u0107e se ru\u010dno uklju\u010diti prilikom montiranja particije (opcija compress_algorithm<\/i>). Tako\u0111e nadogradnja dobija<\/a><\/noindex> EXT4 \u2014 povezana je sa operacijama direktnog ulaza\/izlaza. Paket a\u017euriranja predstavio je in\u017eenjer iz IBM-a Ritesh Harjan. Prema njegovim re\u010dima<\/a><\/noindex>, u nekim slu\u010dajevima zakrpa mo\u017ee pove\u0107ati performanse fajlskog sistema za 140%.<\/p>\n

A\u017euriranja drajvera<\/h2>\n

\nU jezgru \u0107e se pojaviti novi drajver cpuidle_cooling<\/i>. Njegova naloga<\/a><\/noindex> \u2014 za hla\u0111enje CPU\/SoC, ugra\u0111uju\u0107i prazne cikluse tokom rada. U nekom smislu je sli\u010dan PowerClamp drajveru za Intel procesore, ali nije vezan za odre\u0111enu arhitekturu. Sistem izdali<\/a><\/noindex> specijalisti iz Linaro-a, koji se bave optimizacijom open-source softvera za ARM platforme.<\/p>\n

Tako\u0111e dodana<\/a><\/noindex> podr\u0161ka grafi\u010dkim karticama serije GeForce 20 (TU10x). Odgovaraju\u0107i drajver razvio je Ben Skeggs iz projekta Nouveau. Na\u017ealost, GeForce 16 (TU11x) za sada ostaju \"van igre\". Nvidia nije obezbedila slike mikroprogramskog softvera, potrebne za inicijalizaciju kartice. Tako\u0111e, nove grafi\u010dke kartice pod Linux-om mogu imati problema sa performansama zbog nedostatka rekvalifikacije \u2014 automatskog upravljanja frekvencijom. U pro\u0161losti je utvr\u0111eno da Nouveau drajveri mogu funkcionisati<\/a><\/noindex> 20-30% sporije od originalnih.<\/p>\n

\"Linux
\nFoto \u2014 Andrew Abbate<\/a><\/noindex> \u2014 Unsplash<\/i><\/p>\n

Jo\u0161 jedno novo jezgro bo podpiral<\/a><\/noindex> USB4. Odgovaraju\u0107e izmene so predlagali<\/a><\/noindex> in\u017eenjeri iz Intela. Izmenili su postoje\u0107u kod bazu vezanu za Thunderbolt \u2014 to je otprilike dve hiljade redova.<\/p>\n

Naravno, ovo nisu sve nadogradnje koje \u0107e do\u0107i u jezgro \u2014 na primer, mo\u017eemo o\u010dekivati<\/a><\/noindex> podr\u0161ku dodatnim perifernim i mre\u017enim ure\u0111ajima. Tako\u0111e, kernel 5.6 \u0107e postati prvo 32-bitno jezgro u kojem \u0107e biti re\u0161en<\/a><\/noindex> problem iz 2038. godine.<\/a><\/noindex>. Krajem januara in\u017eenjeri su uneli<\/a><\/noindex> poslednje izmene u nfsd, xfs, alsa i v4l2. Nadaju se da \u0107e u preostalih osamnaest godina korisnici i programeri distribucija uspeti da pre\u0111u na kernel 5.6 (ili njegove naredne verzije).<\/p>\n

Materijali na temu iz korporativnog bloga 1cloud.ru:<\/b><\/p>\n

\"Linux \u0411\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0430\u044f \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0443\u043f\u0435\u0440\u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u044c\u044e\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c Linux \u2014 \u043e\u0431\u0441\u0443\u0436\u0434\u0430\u0435\u043c \u0441\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e<\/a><\/noindex>
\n\"Linux Kako za\u0161\u010dititi Linux-sistem: 10 nasvetov<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

O \u010demu pi\u0161emo na Habr:<\/b><\/p>\n

\"Linux Analiziramo preporuke za za\u0161titu li\u010dnih podataka i IB \u2014 na \u0161ta treba obratiti pa\u017enju<\/a><\/noindex>
\n\"Linux Prvi put su fotoni teleportovani sa jednog \u010dipa na drugi<\/a><\/noindex>
\n\"Linux Kako IT sektor poma\u017ee svetu da baca manje hrane<\/a><\/noindex><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Izvor: habr.com<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0412\u044b\u0445\u043e\u0434 Linux kernel 5.6 \u043d\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0446 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0430. \u0412 \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0435\u043c \u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044f\u0448\u043d\u0435\u043c \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0441\u0443\u0436\u0434\u0430\u0435\u043c \u0433\u0440\u044f\u0434\u0443\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u2014 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b WireGuard \u0438 \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u0440\u0430\u0439\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432. \u0424\u043e\u0442\u043e \u2014 lucas huffman \u2014 Unsplash \u0414\u043e\u043b\u0433\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 VPN-\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b \u0414\u044d\u0432\u0438\u0434 \u041c\u0438\u043b\u043b\u0435\u0440 (David Miller), \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0437\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u0443\u044e \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443 Linux, \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0438\u043b \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 WireGuard. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u2014 VPN-\u0442\u0443\u043d\u043d\u0435\u043b\u044c, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432 \u0418\u0411-\u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 Edge Security. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":74854,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-74853","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Linux kernel 5.6 \u2014 \u0161ta o\u010dekivati u novoj verziji jezgra | ProHoster","description":"Izlazak Linux jezgra 5.6 zakazan je za kraj 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