{"id":77011,"date":"2020-04-07T01:42:55","date_gmt":"2020-04-06T23:42:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/administrirovanie\/izuchaem-voip-dvizhok-mediastreamer2-chast-1"},"modified":"2021-02-16T09:44:41","modified_gmt":"2021-02-16T07:44:41","slug":"izuchaem-voip-dvizhok-mediastreamer2-chast-1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sl\/blog\/administrirovanie\/izuchaem-voip-dvizhok-mediastreamer2-chast-1","title":{"rendered":"Raziskujemo VoIP motor Mediastreamer2. Del 1","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Materijal u \u010dlanku preuzet je sa mog <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/zen.yandex.ru\/id\/5e3f8e0751f5346faab4fc7a\">zen kanala<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"vvedenie\">Uvod<\/h2>\n<p>Ta \u010dlanek je uvod v serijo \u010dlankov o obdelavi medijskih podatkov v realnem \u010dasu z uporabo motorja Mediastreamer2. V predstavitvi bodo uporabljene minimalne ve\u0161\u010dine dela v terminalu Linux in programiranja v jeziku C.<\/p>\n<p>Mediastreamer2 je VoIP motor, ki le\u017ei v ozadju priljubljenega open-source projekta programske VoIP telefonske naprave. <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/linphone.org\/\">Linphone<\/a><\/noindex>. V Linphone Mediastreamer2 izvaja vse funkcije, povezane z zvokom in videom. Podroben seznam funkcionalnosti motorja lahko vidite na tej strani Mediastreamer. Izvorna koda se nahaja tukaj: <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/gitlab.linphone.org\/BC\/public\/mediastreamer2\">GitLab<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n<p>\u0414\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0432 \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0435, \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0443\u0434\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430, \u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430 Mediastreamer2 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u043c \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0443\u044e \u043d\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e: &#171;\u043c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440&#187;.<\/p>\n<p>Zgodovina njegovega nastanka ni popolnoma jasna, vendar sklepamo, da je v preteklosti uporabljal knji\u017enico <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/GLib\">Glib<\/a><\/noindex>, kar nam daje namig na mo\u017eno oddaljeno sorodstvo z <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/GStreamer\">GStreamer<\/a><\/noindex>. V primerjavi z njim mediastreamer deluje bolj lahkotno. Prva razli\u010dica Linphone se je pojavila leta 2001, tako da mediastreamer obstaja in se razvija skoraj 20 let.<\/p>\n<p>\u0412 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u043b\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0442 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c\u0430\u044f &#171;Data flow&#187; (\u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445). \u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b \u0438\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d \u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0438\u0441\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0435 \u043d\u0438\u0436\u0435.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Raziskujemo VoIP motor Mediastreamer2. Del 1\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/b05c34a9ee8c79fb39b439db32239071.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\"><\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p>V tej arhitekturi je algoritem obdelave podatkov dolo\u010den ne s programskim kodom, temve\u010d shemo (grafom) povezovanja funkcij, ki jih je mogo\u010de postaviti v poljubnem vrstnem redu. Te funkcije imenujemo filtri.<\/p>\n<p>Tak\u0161na arhitektura omogo\u010da realizacijo funkcionalnosti obdelave medijev v obliki niza filtrov, povezanih v shemo obdelave in prenosa RTP prometa VoIP telefona.<\/p>\n<p>Mo\u017enost povezovanja filtrov v poljubne sheme, enostavna razvoj novih filtrov in implementacija mediastreamerja kot samostojne knji\u017enice omogo\u010dajo njegovo uporabo tudi v drugih projektih. Projekt lahko spada na podro\u010dje VoIP, saj obstaja mo\u017enost dodajanja filtrov, ki jih razvijete sami.<\/p>\n<p>Privzeta knji\u017enica filtrov je precej bogata in, kot smo \u017ee omenili, jo je mogo\u010de raz\u0161iriti z filtri, ki jih razvijete sami. Najprej pa opi\u0161imo obstoje\u010de filtre, ki se dobavljajo skupaj z mediastreamerjem. Tukaj je njihov seznam:<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"zvukovye-filtry\">Zvo\u010dni filtri<\/h3>\n<h4 id=\"zahvat-i-vosproizvedenie-zvuka\">Zajem in predvajanje zvoka<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Alsa (Linux): MS_ALSA_WRITE, MS_ALSA_READ<\/li>\n<li>Android native sound (libmedia): MS_ANDROID_SOUND_WRITE, MS_ANDROID_SOUND_READ<\/li>\n<li>Audio Queue Service (Mac OS X): MS_AQ_WRITE, MS_AQ_READ<\/li>\n<li>Audio Unit Service (Mac OS X)<\/li>\n<li>Arts (Linux): MS_ARTS_WRITE, MS_ARTS_READ<\/li>\n<li>DirectSound (Windows): MS_WINSNDDS_WRITE, MS_WINSNDDS_READ<\/li>\n<li>Predvajalnik datotek (raw\/wav\/pcap datoteke) (Linux): MS_FILE_PLAYER<\/li>\n<li>Predvajalnik datotek (raw\/wav datoteke) (Windows): MS_WINSND_READ<\/li>\n<li>Zapisovanje v datoteko (wav datoteke) (Linux): MS_FILE_REC<\/li>\n<li>Zapisovanje v datoteko (wav datoteke) (Windows): MS_WINSND_WRITE<\/li>\n<li>Mac Audio Unit (Mac OS X)<\/li>\n<li>MME (Windows)<\/li>\n<li>OSS (Linux): MS_OSS_WRITE, MS_OSS_READ<\/li>\n<li>PortAudio (Mac OS X)<\/li>\n<li>PulseAudio (Linux): MS_PULSE_WRITE, MS_PULSE_READ<\/li>\n<li>Windows Sound (Windows)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4 id=\"kodirovaniedekodirovanie-zvuka\">Kodiranje\/dekodiranje zvoka<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>G.711 a-zakon: MS_ALAW_DEC, MS_ALAW_ENC<\/li>\n<li>G.711 \u00b5-zakon: MS_ULAW_DEC, MS_ULAW_ENC<\/li>\n<li>G.722: MS_G722_DEC, MS_G722_ENC<\/li>\n<li>G.726: MS_G726_32_ENC, MS_G726_24_ENC, MS_G726_16_ENC<\/li>\n<li>GSM: MS_GSM_DEC, MS_GSM_ENC<\/li>\n<li>Linearna PCM: MS_L16_ENC, MS_L16_DEC<\/li>\n<li>Speex: MS_SPEEX_ENC, MS_SPEEX_DEC<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4 id=\"obrabotka-zvuka\">Obdelava zvoka<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Pretvorba kanala (mono-&gt;stereo, stereo-&gt;mono): MS_CHANNEL_ADAPTER<\/li>\n<li>Konferenca: MS_CONF<\/li>\n<li>Generator DTMF: MS_DTMF_GEN<\/li>\n<li>Zmanj\u0161anje odmeva (speex): MS_SPEEX_EC<\/li>\n<li>Izena\u010devalnik: MS_EQUALIZER<\/li>\n<li>Me\u0161alnik: MS_MIXER<\/li>\n<li>Kompenzator izgube paketov (PLC): MS_GENERIC_PLC<\/li>\n<li>Ressampler: MS_RESAMPLE<\/li>\n<li>Detektor tonov: MS_TONE_DETECTOR<\/li>\n<li>Nadzor glasnosti in merjenje ravni signala: MS_VOLUME<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 id=\"filtry-video\">Video filtri<\/h3>\n<h4 id=\"zahvat-i-vosproizvedenie-video\">Zajemanje in predvajanje videa<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Android zajemanje<\/li>\n<li>Android predvajanje<\/li>\n<li>AV Foundation zajemanje (iOS)<\/li>\n<li>AV Foundation predvajanje (iOS)<\/li>\n<li>DirectShow zajemanje (Windows)<\/li>\n<li>DrawDib predvajanje (Windows)<\/li>\n<li>Zunanje predvajanje \u2014 Po\u0161iljanje videa na vi\u0161jo raven<\/li>\n<li>GLX predvajanje (Linux): MS_GLXVIDEO<\/li>\n<li>Mire \u2014 Sinteti\u010dna gibljiva slika: MS_MIRE<\/li>\n<li>OpenGL predvajanje (Mac OS X)<\/li>\n<li>OpenGL ES2 predvajanje (Android)<\/li>\n<li>Quicktime zajemanje (Mac OS X)<\/li>\n<li>SDL predvajanje: MS_SDL_OUT<\/li>\n<li>Izhod stati\u010dnih slik: MS_STATIC_IMAGE<\/li>\n<li>Video For Linux (V4L) zajemanje (Linux): MS_V4L<\/li>\n<li>Video For Linux 2 (V4L2) zajemanje (Linux): MS_V4L2_CAPTURE<\/li>\n<li>Video4windows (DirectShow) zajemanje (Windows)<\/li>\n<li>Video4windows (DirectShow) zajemanje (Windows CE)<\/li>\n<li>Video For Windows (vfw) zajemanje (Windows)<\/li>\n<li>XV predvajanje (Linux)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4 id=\"kodirovaniedekodirovanie-video\">Kodiranje\/dekodiranje video<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>H.263, H.263-1998, MP4V-ES, JPEG, MJPEG, Snow: MS_MJPEG_DEC, MS_H263_ENC, MS_H263_DEC<\/li>\n<li>H.264 (samo dekoder): MS_H264_DEC<\/li>\n<li>Theora: MS_THEORA_ENC, MS_THEORA_DEC<\/li>\n<li>VP8: MS_VP8_ENC, MS_VP8_DEC<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4 id=\"obrabotka-video\">Obdelava videa<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>JPEG snapshot<\/li>\n<li>Pretvornik slikovnega formata: MS_PIX_CONV<\/li>\n<li>Ressizer<\/li>\n<li>Drugi filtri<\/li>\n<li>Izmenjava blokov podatkov med nitmi: MS_ITC_SOURCE, MS_ITC_SINK<\/li>\n<li>Zbiranje blokov podatkov iz ve\u010d vhodov na en izhod: MS_JOIN<\/li>\n<li>RTP sprejem\/po\u0161iljanje: MS_RTP_SEND, MS_RTP_RECV<\/li>\n<li>Kopiranje vhodnih podatkov na ve\u010d izhodov: MS_TEE<\/li>\n<li>Usklajena obremenitev: MS_VOID_SINK<\/li>\n<li>Vir ti\u0161ine: MS_VOID_SOURCE<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 id=\"plaginy\">Vti\u010dniki<\/h3>\n<h4 id=\"zvukovye-filtry-1\">Zvo\u010dni filtri<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>AMR-NB kodirnik\/dekodirnik<\/li>\n<li>G.729 kodirnik\/dekodirnik<\/li>\n<li>iLBC kodirnik\/dekodirnik<\/li>\n<li>SILK kodirnik\/dekodirnik<br \/>\n<h4 id=\"filtry-video\">Video filtri<\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<li>H.264 programski kodir<\/li>\n<li>H.264 V4L2 kodirnik\/dekodirnik z strojno pospe\u0161itvijo<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Za kratkim opisom filtra je prikazano ime tipa, ki se uporablja pri ustvarjanju novega primera tega filtra. V nadaljevanju se bomo sklicevali na ta seznam.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"ustanovka-pod-linux-ubuntu\">Namestitev za Linux Ubuntu<\/h2>\n<p>Zdaj bomo namestili mediastreamer na ra\u010dunalnik in sestavili na\u0161o prvo aplikacijo z njim.<\/p>\n<p>\u0423\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 Mediastremer2 \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u044c\u044e\u0442\u0435\u0440 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c Ubuntu \u043d\u0435 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u044b\u0445 \u043d\u0430\u0432\u044b\u043a\u043e\u0432. \u0417\u0434\u0435\u0441\u044c \u0438 \u0434\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u043e\u043c &#171;$&#187; \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u043c \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0438 shell \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434. \u0422.\u0435. \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0432 \u043b\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433\u0435 \u0432\u044b \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b \u0432 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438, \u0442\u043e \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0442 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u044b \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u044b \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0435.<\/p>\n<p>Predvideva se, da ima va\u0161 ra\u010dunalnik med izvajanjem dejanj, opisanih v tem \u010dlanku, dostop do interneta.<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"ustanovka-paketa-libmediastremer-dev\">Namestitev paketa libmediastremer-dev<\/h4>\n<p>Za\u017eenite terminal in vnesite ukaz:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"bash\">$ sudo apt-get update<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>Zahtevan bo geslo za spremembe, vnesite ga in upravitelj paketov bo posodobil svoje baze. Nato je potrebno izvesti:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"bash\">$ sudo apt-get install libmediastreamer-dev<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>Potrebni paketi odvisnosti in sama knji\u017enica mediastreamer bodo samodejno preneseni in name\u0161\u010deni.<\/p>\n<p>Skupna velikost prenesenih deb-paketov odvisnosti bo pribli\u017eno 35 MB. Podrobnosti o name\u0161\u010denem paketu lahko pridobite z ukazom:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"bash\">$ dpkg -s libmediastreamer-dev<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>Primer odgovora:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"bash\">Package: libmediastreamer-dev\nStatus: install ok installed\nPriority: optional\nSection: libdevel\nInstalled-Size: 244\nMaintainer: Ubuntu Developers \nArchitecture: amd64\nSource: linphone\nVersion: 3.6.1-2.5\nDepends: libmediastreamer-base3 (= 3.6.1-2.5), libortp-dev\nDescription: Linphone web phone's media library - development files\nLinphone is an audio and video internet phone using the SIP protocol. It\nhas a GTK+ and console interface, includes a large variety of audio and video\ncodecs, and provides IM features.\n.\nThis package contains the development libraries for handling media operations.\nOriginal-Maintainer: Debian VoIP Team \nHomepage: http:\/\/www.linphone.org\/\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h4 id=\"ustanovka-instrumentov-razrabotki\">Namestitev orodij za razvoj<\/h4>\n<p>Namestimo C prevajalnik in pripadajo\u010da orodja:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"bash\">$ sudo apt-get install gcc<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>Preverite rezultat, tako da zahtevate razli\u010dico prevajalnika:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"bash\">$ gcc --version<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>Odgovor bi moral biti pribli\u017eno tak\u0161en:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"bash\">gcc (Ubuntu 5.4.0-6ubuntu1~16.04.12) 5.4.0 20160609\nCopyright (C) 2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.\nThis is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO\nwarranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.<\/code><\/pre>\n<h4 id=\"sborka-i-zapusk-probnogo-prilozheniya\">Zgradnja in zagon preskusne aplikacije<\/h4>\n<p>Ustvarimo v <em>home<\/em> mapo za na\u0161e u\u010dne projekte, poimenujmo jo <em>mstutorial<\/em>:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"bash\">$ mkdir ~\/mstutorial<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>Uporabite svoj najljub\u0161i besedilni urejevalnik in ustvarite datoteko C-programa z imenom <em>mstest.c<\/em> med f\u00f8lgende indhold:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"cpp\">#include \"stdio.h\"\n#include &lt;mediastreamer2\/mscommon.h&gt;\nint main()\n{\n  ms_init();\n  printf (\"Mediastreamer is ready.n\");\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>Izvaja inicializacijo mediastreamerja, izpi\u0161e pozdrav in zaklju\u010di izvajanje.<\/p>\n<p>Shranjujte datoteko in sestavite testno aplikacijo z ukazom:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"bash\">$ gcc mstest.c -o mstest `pkg-config mediastreamer --libs --cflags`<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u041e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0432\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"bash\">`pkg-config mediastreamer --libs --cflags`<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0437\u0430\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0432\u044b\u0447\u043a\u0438, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0435 \u0442\u0430\u043c \u0436\u0435 \u0433\u0434\u0435 \u0438 \u0431\u0443\u043a\u0432\u0430 &#171;\u0401&#187;.<\/p>\n<p>\u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0442 \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043a, \u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u044f\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b <em>mstest<\/em>. \u0417\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0435\u043c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0443:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"bash\">$ .\\\/mstest<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0420\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043c:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"bash\">ALSA lib conf.c:4738:(snd_config_expand) Unknown parameters 0\nALSA lib control.c:954:(snd_ctl_open_noupdate) Invalid CTL default:0\nortp-warning-Could not attach mixer to card: Invalid argument\nALSA lib conf.c:4738:(snd_config_expand) Unknown parameters 0\nALSA lib pcm.c:2266:(snd_pcm_open_noupdate) Unknown PCM default:0\nALSA lib conf.c:4738:(snd_config_expand) Unknown parameters 0\nALSA lib pcm.c:2266:(snd_pcm_open_noupdate) Unknown PCM default:0\nortp-warning-Strange, sound card HDA Intel PCH does not seems to be capable of anything, retrying with plughw...\nMediastreamer is ready.<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0412 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043b\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433\u0435 \u043c\u044b \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0438\u043c \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0431 \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0430\u0445, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u0431\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0430 ALSA, \u043e\u043d\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0437\u0432\u0443\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0439. \u0421\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u0441\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0442, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043d\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e. \u041c\u044b \u0432 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435 \u043f\u043e \u043d\u0435\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0438\u043c\u0441\u044f \u0441 \u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438.<\/p>\n<p>\u0422\u0435\u043f\u0435\u0440\u044c \u0443 \u043d\u0430\u0441 \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0441 \u043c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043e\u043c. \u041c\u044b \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0431\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0443 \u043c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0430, \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u044c\u044e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043b\u0438, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u044b, \u0430 \u043c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u0443\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0448\u043d\u043e \u0438\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f.<\/p>\n<p>V nasleduj\u00facej <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/post\/495728\/\">\u010dlanku<\/a><\/noindex> \u043c\u044b \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0434\u0438\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0442 \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0443 \u0437\u0432\u0443\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0438\u0433\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0432 \u0446\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0435 \u0438\u0437 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432.<\/p>\n<p>Izvor: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/post\/495702\/\">habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0438 \u0432\u0437\u044f\u0442 \u0441 \u043c\u043e\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0437\u0435\u043d-\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430. \u0412\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u042d\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u044f \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u043e\u043c \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0439 \u043e \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0442\u0430\u0439\u043c \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u044c\u044e \u0434\u0432\u0438\u0436\u043a\u0430 Mediastreamer2. \u0412 \u0445\u043e\u0434\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u044b \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0432\u044b\u043a\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0432 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0435 Linux \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0435 \u0421\u0438. Mediastreamer2 \u044d\u0442\u043e VoIP-\u0434\u0432\u0438\u0436\u043e\u043a, \u043b\u0435\u0436\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0432 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e open-source \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e voip-\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0444\u043e\u043d\u0430 Linphone. \u0412 Linphone Mediastreamer2 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":77012,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-77011","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.4 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0438 \u0432\u0437\u044f\u0442 \u0441 \u043c\u043e\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0437\u0435\u043d-\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430.\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Yuri Gagarin\"\/>\n\t<link rel=\"canonical\" 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