{"id":91969,"date":"2020-08-21T07:42:01","date_gmt":"2020-08-21T05:42:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/administrirovanie\/monitoring-postgresql-s-ispolzovaniem-zabbix"},"modified":"2020-08-21T07:42:01","modified_gmt":"2020-08-21T05:42:01","slug":"monitoring-postgresql-s-ispolzovaniem-zabbix","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sl\/blog\/administrirovanie\/monitoring-postgresql-s-ispolzovaniem-zabbix","title":{"rendered":"Monitoring PostgreSQL using Zabbix","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Monitoring PostgreSQL using Zabbix\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/b17310212ae5dc4da0ca7d78312ca8ef.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<em>Report by Daria Vilkova for Zabbix Meetup Online <\/em><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>I want to introduce you to a monitoring tool for PostgreSQL and the operating system that our company has been developing using Zabbix. <\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>We chose Zabbix as our monitoring tool a long time ago because it is an open-source platform supported by an active community and is very popular in Slovenia. <\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>We created an active agent - Mamonsu, which provided more flexible monitoring than standard tools allowed at that time, collecting metrics and sending them to the Zabbix Server. In our company, Mamonsu is used during audits.<\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"mamonsu\">Mamonsu<\/h2>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Mamonsu is an active agent (Zabbix Trapper) for monitoring PostgreSQL and the operating system. Mamonsu (written in Python) allows you to set up PostgreSQL and operating system monitoring parameters in just five minutes. <\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Mamonsu has additional tools:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>mamonsu tune - command that edits configuration file settings in PostgreSQL for the machine on which the Mamonsu agent is installed. <\/li>\n<li>mamonsu report - command that creates reports about the operating system and PostgreSQL.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Mamonsu is installed on the DBMS server, collects information, composes it into JSON, and sends it for visualization to the Zabbix Server, where a template for its metrics should exist.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Monitoring PostgreSQL using Zabbix\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/9d87556e4b31b27cb7698b32b5f1e2c4.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><em>Mamonsu workflow<\/em> <\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"vozmozhnosti-mamonsu\">Mamonsu capabilities<\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Effective operation with PostgreSQL<\/strong>. Continuous connection to PostgreSQL is the main advantage of Mamonsu. The maximum number of connections equals the maximum number of databases it connects to.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Scalability<\/strong>. Mamonsu is a fully 'plugin' agent, and due to the fixed structure of each plugin and the relative simplicity of Python, one can easily learn to write new plugins or modify standard plugins, i.e., metric collection parameters.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Wide range of metrics for monitoring<\/strong> including metrics for specific extensions for PostgreSQL. <\/li>\n<li>Quick start, <strong>availability 'out of the box'<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Export of templates and configuration files<\/strong>, as well as uploading them to the Zabbix Server.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Krosplatformnost<\/strong>, which is important for our clients who use various Linux distributions, including domestic ones.<\/li>\n<li><strong>BSD-clause license<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Currently, we offer many plugins and try to add something new in each subsequent version.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>14 vti\u010dnikov za PostgreSQL, <\/li>\n<li>8 vti\u010dnikov za OS Linux,<\/li>\n<li>4 vti\u010dniki za OS Windows.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Mamonsu zbira ve\u010d kot 110 metrik PostgreSQL in operacijskih sistemov:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>70 metrik PostgreSQL,<\/li>\n<li>40 metrik OS Linux,<\/li>\n<li>8 metrik OS Windows.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Glavne metrike vklju\u010dujejo razpolo\u017eljivost DBMS, \u0161tevilo povezav, velikost baze podatkov, kontrolne to\u010dke, hitrost branja\/vanja, zaklepe, \u0161tevilo avtoizvlekov in hitrost generiranja WAL. Celoten seznam razpolo\u017eljivih metrik ter podroben opis vseh orodij je na voljo na <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/postgrespro\/mamonsu\">repozitoriji<\/a><\/noindex> spletnem mestu GitHub. <\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Monitoring PostgreSQL using Zabbix\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/259cc7f1b6ab0cf137cef6b4e9a22c0f.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><em>Seznam razpolo\u017eljivih metrik na spletnem mestu GitHub<\/em><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"zapusk-mamonsu-za-5-minut\">Zagon Mamonsu v 5 minutah<\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Nastavitev nadzora PostgreSQL in operacijskega sistema z Mamonsu lahko izvedete v 5 minutah s petimi preprostimi koraki.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Namestitev Mamonsu<\/strong>. Mamonsu lahko sestavite iz izvorne kode ali pa uporabite razpolo\u017eljive pakete.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><code>$ git clone ... &amp;&amp; cd mamonsu &amp;&amp; python setup.py<\/code><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><code>build &amp;&amp; python setup.py install<\/code><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Nastavitev povezav<\/strong>. Potrebno je vnesti parametre povezave s PostgreSQL in Zabbix stre\u017enikom v datoteko agent.conf.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><code>\/etc\/mamonsu\/agent.conf<\/code><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Izvoz predloge v Zabbix stre\u017enik<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><code>$ mamonsu zabbix template export<\/code><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><code>\/usr\/share\/mamonsu\/example.xml<\/code><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Dodajanje omre\u017enega vozli\u0161\u010da v Zabbix stre\u017enik<\/strong>. Izvo\u017eena predloga bo samodejno povezana z novim omre\u017enim vozli\u0161\u010dem na Zabbix stre\u017eniku.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><code>$ mamonsu zabbix host create mamonsu-demo<\/code><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Pokretanje<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><code>$ service mamonsu start<\/code><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"napravleniya-razvitiya-mamonsu\">Usmeritve razvoja Mamonsu<\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>V okviru razvoja Mamonsu na\u010drtujemo izbolj\u0161ave metrik in ustvarjanje novih vti\u010dnikov, na primer vti\u010dnika za nadzor velikosti posameznih tabel. Prav tako na\u010drtujemo izbolj\u0161ave in ustvarjanje dodatnih orodij ter \u0161iritev mo\u017enosti samodejne nastavitve prek ukaza <strong>mamonsu tune<\/strong>. <\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"modul-monitoringa-postgresql-v-sostave-zabbix-agent-2\">Modul za nadzor PostgreSQL v sklopu Zabbix Agent 2<\/h2>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Za povezovanje s PostgreSQL se uporablja hiter in priljubljen gonilnik <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/jackc\/pgx\">pgx<\/a><\/noindex> (PG gonilnik in orodna zbirka za Go).<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Trenutno uporabljamo dva vmesnika: Exporter, ki kli\u010de obdelovalnik glede na klju\u010d, in Configurator Zabbix Agent 2, ki bere in preverja parametre povezave s stre\u017enikom, dolo\u010dene v konfiguracijski datoteki.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Trudili smo se optimizirati delovanje DBMS s skupinjenjem metrik in uporabo obdelovalnika (handler) za metrike in skupine metrik, pa tudi z uporabo skupin metrik v JSON kot odvisnih spremenljivk (dependency items) ter nizkonivojskega odkrivanja (discovery rules). <\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"osnovnye-vozmozhnosti\">Main Features<\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>ohranjanje stalne povezave s PostgreSQL med preverjanji; <\/li>\n<li>podpora prilagodljivim intervalom anketiranja; <\/li>\n<li>zdru\u017eljivost z razli\u010dicami PostgreSQL od 10 naprej in Zabbix stre\u017enikom od razli\u010dice 4.4 naprej;<\/li>\n<li>mo\u017enost povezovanja in spremljanja ve\u010d instanc PostgreSQL hkrati, saj Zabbix Agent 2 omogo\u010da ustvarjanje ve\u010d sej.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"urovni-parametrov-podklyucheniya-k-postgresql\">Ravni povezovalnih parametrov za PostgreSQL<\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Na voljo so tri ravni povezovalnih parametrov za PostgreSQL, tj. naloge in nastavitve:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Globalno,<\/li>\n<li>Seje,<\/li>\n<li>Makrosi.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p>Globalni parametri so nastavljeni na ravni agenta, parametri Seje in Makros dolo\u010dajo parametre povezave z bazo.<\/p>\n<p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Parametri povezave za PostgreSQL \u2014 Seje so nastavljeni v datoteki <strong>zabbix_agent2.conf<\/strong>. <\/p>\n<p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Monitoring PostgreSQL using Zabbix\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/d88abf88cb106e81f0e7eb23a1d4a193.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><em>Parametri povezave za PostgreSQL \u2014 Seje<\/em><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Po klju\u010dni besedi <strong>Seje<\/strong> je navedeno edinstveno ime seje, ki mora biti navedeno v klju\u010du (predlogi). <\/li>\n<li>Parametri <strong>URI<\/strong> in <strong>Uporabni\u0161ko ime<\/strong> sta obvezna za vsako sejo. <\/li>\n<li>\u010ce ime baze ni dolo\u010deno, se uporabi splo\u0161no ime baze kot privzeto za vse seje za PostgreSQL, kar je prav tako dolo\u010deno v konfiguracijski datoteki.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Parametri povezave za PostgreSQL \u2014 Makros so dolo\u010deni v klju\u010du metrike v predlogi (podobno kot pri Zabbix Agent 1), tj. se ustvarijo v predlogi in se nato navedejo kot parametri v klju\u010du. Pri tem je zaporedje makrosov fiksno, tj. na primer, <strong>URI<\/strong> se vedno navaja na prvem mestu.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Monitoring PostgreSQL using Zabbix\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/3918b9de0118f901e916542f955bd17b.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><em>Parametri povezave za PostgreSQL \u2014 Makros<\/em> <\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Modul za spremljanje PostgreSQL vklju\u010duje \u017ee ve\u010d kot 95 metrik, ki omogo\u010dajo zajem \u0161irokega spektra parametrov PostgreSQL, vklju\u010dno z:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0161tevilom povezav,<\/li>\n<li>obsegom baz podatkov, <\/li>\n<li>arhivacijo wal-datotek,<\/li>\n<li>kontrolnimi to\u010dkami,<\/li>\n<li>\u0161tevilom 'napihnjenih' tabel,<\/li>\n<li>statusom replikacije,<\/li>\n<li>zaostankom replik.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Metrike PostgreSQL niso informativne brez parametrov operacijskega sistema. Toda Zabbix Agent 2 \u017ee zna zbirati parametre operacijskega sistema, zato za pridobitev popolne slike preprosto pove\u017eemo s potrebnimi predlogami v omre\u017eju.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"obrabotchik-handler\">Obdelovalnik (handler)<\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Obdelovalnik (handler) \u2014 glavna enota modula, v kateri se izvede poizvedba in ki omogo\u010da pridobitev metrik.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Da pridobimo preprosto metriko:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Ustvarimo datoteko za pridobitev nove metrike:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><strong>zabbix\/src\/go\/plugins\/postgres\/handler_uptime.go<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Pove\u017eemo paket in navedemo edinstven klju\u010d (klju\u010de) metrik:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Monitoring PostgreSQL using Zabbix\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/692acc55377c18ee37a9e1d426ebeccb.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Ustvarimo obdelovalnik (handler) s poizvedbo, tj. iniciiramo spremenljivko, v kateri bo rezultat:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Monitoring PostgreSQL using Zabbix\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/79e10e34edb78942acb6a264896be12d.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Izvedemo poizvedbo:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Monitoring PostgreSQL using Zabbix\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/b7555bba37978302337ea0093dd1bb5c.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Potrebno je preveriti poizvedbo glede napak, po \u010demer bo rezultat prevzet s procesom Zabbix Agent 2. <\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Registriramo klju\u010d nove metrike:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Monitoring PostgreSQL using Zabbix\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/63256811903feacc5cf88e0a272aebd9.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Po registraciji metrike lahko ponovno sestavite agenta z novo metriko.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Modul je na voljo od Zabbixa 5.0 na spletu <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zabbix.com\/download\">https:\/\/www.zabbix.com\/download<\/a><\/noindex>. V tej razli\u010dici Zabbix so parametri dolo\u010deni lo\u010deno preko host in port. V razli\u010dici Zabbix 5.0.2, ki bo kmalu izdana, bodo parametri povezave zdru\u017eeni v en URI.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Hvala za pozornost! <\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"poleznye-ssylki\">Koristne poveznice<\/h2>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/postgrespro\/mamonsu\">GitHub Mamonsu<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/postgrespro.ru\/docs\/postgrespro\/11\/mamonsu\">Dokumentacija za Mamonsu<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.zabbix.com\/projects\/ZBX\/repos\/zabbix\/browse\/src\/go\/plugins\/postgres\">Zabbix Git<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p>Izvor: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/zabbix\/blog\/515816\/\">habr.com<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0414\u043e\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434 \u0414\u0430\u0440\u044c\u0438 \u0412\u0438\u043b\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u043b\u044f Zabbix Meetup Online \u042f \u0445\u043e\u0447\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0430\u0441 \u0441\u043e \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u043c \u043c\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0433\u0430 PostgreSQL \u0438 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0435\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u0439 \u0441 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c Zabbix. \u041c\u044b \u0432\u044b\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0438 Zabbix \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0433\u0430 \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e, \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0447\u0442\u043e \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430 \u0441 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044b\u043c \u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043a\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043c, \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c\u0430\u044f \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u043c, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u0432 \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0438. \u041c\u044b \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0430\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0442 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