{"id":97403,"date":"2020-10-18T02:42:36","date_gmt":"2020-10-18T00:42:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/administrirovanie\/turing-pi-klasternaya-plata-dlya-self-hosted-prilozhenij-i-servisov"},"modified":"2020-10-18T02:42:36","modified_gmt":"2020-10-18T00:42:36","slug":"turing-pi-klasternaya-plata-dlya-self-hosted-prilozhenij-i-servisov","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sl\/blog\/administrirovanie\/turing-pi-klasternaya-plata-dlya-self-hosted-prilozhenij-i-servisov","title":{"rendered":"Turing Pi \u2014 mati\u010dna plo\u0161\u010da za self-hosted aplikacije in storitve","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Turing
\n
\nTuring Pi is a solution for self-hosted applications built on the principle of racks in data centers, but on a compact motherboard. The solution is aimed at building local infrastructure for local development and hosting of applications and services. In general, it's like AWS EC2, but for edge environments.<\/p>\n

We are a small team of developers who decided to create a solution for building bare-metal clusters at the edge and named the project Turing Pi. The product started as a grassroots initiative, but now it has been ordered by development departments at Red Hat, Rancher (SUSE), Toyota Connected, Sony, Electrolux, Facebook, and is attracting a developer audience nearing 10K. <\/p>\n

But it all started with a discovery.
\n<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

The Product Discovery<\/h2>\n

\nI once made a discovery for myself that we do not invent anything. All the things that exist in this world, we discover. We discover that some parts can be combined together, gaining new properties of products, or we uncover laws and then combine them again. Nothing can be invented, but discoveries can be made during research. In my opinion, invention is the result of constant observations, experiments, and seeking + the combination of knowledge.<\/p>\n

Over the last decade, I have observed how the homelab movement has been gaining momentum (resource subreddit<\/a><\/noindex>), self-hosted (resources subreddit<\/a><\/noindex> in awesome-selfhosted<\/a><\/noindex>), single-board computers, and how interest in running containers on single-board computers like Raspberry Pi is growing, as well as the movement of building clusters from single-board computers. Gradually, the idea of Kubernetes is also drawing attention. A lightweight version, k3s, focused on Edge\/IoT, has already emerged. One of the world's largest fast food chains, Chick-fil-A, was among the first to deploy Kubernetes clusters in their kitchens. kubectl make me a sandwich<\/a><\/noindex>. <\/p>\n

I see this as a snowball effect, how one technology wraps around another, creating a more complex system. There is no chaos; it resembles a fractal of technologies. At one of the more complicated moments in my life, I saw value in clusters built from single-board computers by hobbyist developers and started working on creating a cluster board.<\/p>\n

Today, our cluster board is very simple and primarily aimed at those who love cloud-native technologies, eager to learn new things and experiment.<\/p>\n

Building Blocks<\/h2>\n

\nTorej, kaj to\u010dno je re\u0161itev in kak\u0161na je njena bistvo. Bistvo je v tem, da ponudi konstruktor, gradbene bloke (Building Blocks), s katerimi lahko zgradite robno infrastrukturo ceneje kot na klasi\u010dnih stre\u017enikih, prenosno in brez obse\u017enih kovinskih omar, ki ne zahtevajo posebnih pogojev okolja, energijsko u\u010dinkovito, standardizirano v smislu modulov in z mo\u017enostjo hitrega \u0161irjenja na desetine in stotine ra\u010dunalni\u0161kih enot (procesorjev).<\/p>\n

Clusterboard<\/b><\/p>\n

Mini ITX plo\u0161\u010da povezuje ve\u010d ra\u010dunalni\u0161kih modulov prek omre\u017eja na plo\u0161\u010di, nudi periferni vmesnik in nadzor nad moduli<\/p>\n

Ra\u010dunalni\u0161ki modul<\/b><\/p>\n

Plo\u0161\u010da v formatu SO-DIMM, ki vsebuje procesor in pomnilnik, opcijsko bliskovna pomnilnika za shranjevanje operacijskega sistema<\/p>\n

\"Turing
\nEna izmed na\u010drtovanih konfiguracij razli\u010dice Turing V2<\/p>\n

\"Turing<\/p>\n

S kombiniranjem clusterboard in ra\u010dunalni\u0161kih modulov je enostavno ustvariti infrastrukturo na 20+ procesorjih (primeri spodaj), brez\u0161umno in z nizko porabo energije. Sama clusterboard pove\u010duje u\u010dinkovitost uporabljenega prostora. Primeri grozdov za primerjavo<\/p>\n

Na osnovi SBC*
\n\"Turing
\n24 CPU-jev
\nAvtor Afkham Azeez<\/p>\n

Na osnovi Turing Pi
\n\"Turing
\n21 CPU-jev
\nAvtor th3st0rmtr00p3r<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

* SBC \u2014 Samostojna ra\u010dunalni\u0161ka plo\u0161\u010da<\/p>\n

Sodelavca Rancher Labs in avtor k3s, ta pristop ni ostal nepazljen<\/p>\n

\"Turing
\n
\nO nadaljnjih gradbenih blokih podrobneje.<\/p>\n

Ra\u010dunalni\u0161ki Modul<\/h2>\n

\nZa preverjanje koncepta smo izbrali Raspberry Pi Compute Module, kar je idealna konfiguracija za za\u010detek. Skupnost RPi je aktivna, ni te\u017eav s programsko opremo, sam modul je v formatu SO-DIMM (6 x 3 cm), cenovno dostopen, vsebuje 4-jedrni procesor, 1 GB RAM in opcijsko bliskovno pomnilnik 8, 16 ali 32 GB za OS in druge sistemske potrebe. Podoben format pogosto uporabljajo v industrijskih IoT re\u0161itvah.<\/p>\n

Raspberry Pi 1\/3\/3+ Compute Module<\/b><\/p>\n

\"Turing
\n
\nVendar pa ima model CM3 tudi resne omejitve \u2014 max. 1 GB RAM in Ethernet preko USB HUB-a z maksimalno hitrostjo do 100 Mbps. Zato bo druga razli\u010dica Turing podpirala Raspberry Pi 4 in do 8 GB operativnega pomnilnika na modul. Spodaj je primer Nvidia Jetson modulov za pospe\u0161eno ra\u010dunalni\u0161tvo. Morda bo njihova podpora v drugi razli\u010dici, \u010de re\u0161imo nekatere tehni\u010dne izzive, takrat bomo lahko me\u0161ali module.<\/p>\n

Nvidia Jetson Compute Modules<\/b><\/p>\n

\"Turing
\n
\nV modulih se skriva najbolj\u0161a mo\u017enost, ki na prvi pogled ni o\u010ditna. Mo\u017enost ustvarjanja drugih modulov v podobnem formatu z razli\u010dnimi nabori CPU, RAM in eMMC, za razli\u010dne vrste nalog, od splo\u0161nega ra\u010dunalni\u0161tva do intenzivnih izra\u010dunov za strojno u\u010denje. To je zelo podobno AWS EC2 instancam, vendar le za edge. Pri tem pa klasterska plo\u0161\u010da ostaja nespremenjena ali z manj\u0161imi spremembami.<\/p>\n

Clusterboard<\/h2>\n

\nLahko jo imenujemo tudi mati\u010dna plo\u0161\u010da ali osnovna plo\u0161\u010da, kar je dokaj nova smer, proizvajalcev tak\u0161nih re\u0161itev pa danes ni veliko in so \u0161e vedno na za\u010detni ravni, med njimi so Pine64, MiniNodes, Clover Pi, Bitscope Blade, PicoCluster (SBC klasteri). Klusterska plo\u0161\u010da povezuje module z omre\u017ejem, zagotavlja napajanje in nudi vodilo za upravljanje klasterja (Cluster Management Bus), vsaj to vodilo smo se odlo\u010dili dodati in se je o\u010ditno prijelo.<\/p>\n

Spredaj
\n\"Turing<\/p>\n

Zadaj
\n\"Turing<\/p>\n

Bandwith zadnje plo\u0161\u010de 12 Gbps
\nSD re\u017ee za module brez eMMC, na primer, lahko zadr\u017eimo nekaj modulov z SD za hiter dostop do podatkov vozli\u0161\u010da<\/p>\n

Osnova klasterske plo\u010de je preklopnik (switch) koji osigurava mre\u017enu povezanost modula i izlaz u vanjsku mre\u017eu. U trenutnoj verziji koristimo unmanaged switch jer nije bilo vremena za provo\u0111enje potpunog R&D, ali za drugu verziju smo odabrali dobar managed switch. Mogu\u0107a je konfiguracija u re\u017eimu 'master node kao ruter' za distribuciju mre\u017ee na plo\u010du, ako je potrebna vi\u0161a razina sigurnosti i izolacije radnika od pristupa s vanjske strane, u tom slu\u010daju je na master nodu tako\u0111er potrebno imati DHCP server.<\/p>\n

Uporaba<\/h2>\n

\nTrenutna razli\u010dica je eksperimentalna in jo pozicioniramo kot za\u010detno re\u0161itev za raziskovanje, kaj so klasterji, delo s programsko opremo ali kot preverjanje hipotez v organizacijah, iskanje novih idej, preprosto v tak\u0161ni Lite razli\u010dici.<\/p>\n

Za za\u010detek priporo\u010damo serijo odli\u010dnega Jeffa Geerlinga, ki je o nas sli\u0161al na Y Combinator, je avtor bestselerja Ansible for DevOps. Tako se je navdu\u0161il, da je naredil 6-delni pregled, ki se za\u010dne z idejo klasterizacije na splo\u0161no do prakti\u010dnih primerov dela s plo\u0161\u010do, u\u010denja Kubernetes in katere programske opreme lahko namestimo.<\/p>\n

Serija o namestitvi k3s na klaster<\/b>
\n

\r\n \"Predvajaj\r\n
<\/div>\r\n <\/div><\/center><\/p>\n

Priporo\u010dam, da za\u010dnete s prvo, tam je splo\u0161no o klasterizaciji in Kubernetes z dostopnim jezikom. In nekaj slik iz skupnosti.<\/p>\n

\"Turing
\n<\/p>\n

Kaj zdaj?<\/h2>\n

\nPrvi\u010d, res upam, da je bilo zanimivo. To je popolnoma avtorske vsebine, poskus vpogleda v prihodnost. Drugi\u010d, na\u010drtujem napisati drugi del o zasnovi Turing V2. Kako je potekalo iskanje proizvoda, logi\u010dne dedukcije, iskanje osnovnih lastnosti, ki so pomembne. \u010clanek bo vseboval skice proizvoda od najzgodnej\u0161ih do kon\u010dnih. Drugi \u010dlanek bo \u0161e posebej zanimiv za produktne mened\u017eerje, ki so odgovorni za proizvode in njihov razvoj v podjetjih.<\/p>\n

In verjetno bo to res dolg \u010dlanek.
\n
Izvor: habr.com<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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