{"id":99991,"date":"2021-04-22T22:23:01","date_gmt":"2021-04-22T20:23:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/vypusk-distributiva-ubuntu-21-04"},"modified":"2021-04-22T22:23:01","modified_gmt":"2021-04-22T20:23:04","slug":"vypusk-distributiva-ubuntu-21-04","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sl\/blog\/news\/vypusk-distributiva-ubuntu-21-04","title":{"rendered":"Izdaja distribucije Ubuntu 21.04","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Izdana je verzija Ubuntu 21.04 \u201eHirsute Hippo\u201c, koja pripada intermedijarnim izdanjima, a a\u017euriranja \u0107e biti dostupna tokom 9 meseci (podr\u0161ka \u0107e trajati do januara 2022. godine). Instalacioni mediji su napravljeni za Ubuntu, Ubuntu Server, Lubuntu, Kubuntu, Ubuntu Mate, Ubuntu Budgie, Ubuntu Studio, Xubuntu i Ubuntu Kylin (izdanje za Kinu).        <\/p>\n<p>Glavne spremembe:  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Kao radno okru\u017eenje nastavljen je razvoj GNOME Shell 3.38, sastavljenog pomo\u0107u GTK3, ali su aplikacije GNOME ve\u0107inom uskla\u0111ene s GNOME 40 (prijelaz radnog okru\u017eenja na GTK 4 i GNOME 40 smatra se preuranjenim).    <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Zadano je uklju\u010den sesija temeljena na protokolu Wayland. Kada se koriste vlasni\u010dki NVIDIA drajveri, zadano se i dalje nudi sesija temeljenja na X poslu\u017eitelju, dok je za ostale konfiguracije taj sesija preba\u010dena u opcije. Napominje se da su u posljednje vrijeme otklonjeni mnogi ograni\u010denja GNOME sesije temeljenom na Waylandu, koja su prethodno smatrana problemima koji ometaju prijelaz na Wayland. Na primjer, omogu\u0107eno je dijeljenje radne povr\u0161ine koriste\u0107i multimedijski poslu\u017eitelj Pipewire. Prvi poku\u0161aj prijelaza Ubuntu-a na Wayland kao zadanu opciju poduzet je 2017. godine s Ubuntu 17.10, ali je u Ubuntu 18.04 zbog nerije\u0161enih problema ponovno vra\u0107en tradicionalni grafi\u010dki okvir temeljen na X.Org Serveru.\n<li class=\"l\"> Predlo\u017eena je nova tamna tema dizajna Yaru i a\u017eurirane su ikone za prepoznavanje vrsta datoteka.    <center><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Izdaja distribucije Ubuntu 21.04\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/65533b7c4d5206fe83d6de4faef3a336.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/center>    <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Dodana podpora za multimedijske <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sl\/server\/dts-los-angeles\/\"   title=\"stre\u017enika\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"3706\">stre\u017enika<\/a> Pipewire, koji omogu\u0107ava snimanje sadr\u017eaja ekrana, pobolj\u0161anje podr\u0161ke zvuka u izolovanim aplikacijama, pru\u017ea mogu\u0107nosti profesionalne obrade zvuka, elimini\u0161e fragmentaciju i unificira zvu\u010dnu infrastrukturnu podr\u0161ku za razli\u010dite primene.              <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Dodata je podr\u0161ka za autentifikaciju kori\u0161\u0107enjem pametnih kartica (uz pomo\u0107 pam_sss 7).  <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Na radnoj povr\u0161ini je dodana mogu\u0107nost preme\u0161tanja resursa izme\u0111u aplikacija kori\u0161\u0107enjem metode povla\u010denja i ispu\u0161tanja.  <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> U pode\u0161avanjima je omogu\u0107ena promena profila potro\u0161nje energije.    <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> U instalator je dodana podr\u0161ka za stvaranje sigurnosnih klju\u010deva za oporavak pristupa \u0161ifriranim particijama, koji se mogu koristiti za de\u0161ifriranje u slu\u010daju gubitka lozinke.    <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Pobolj\u0161ana je integracija s Active Directory i omogu\u0107en je autentifikacija korisnika u Active Directory uz podr\u0161ku za GPO (Group Policy Objects) odmah nakon instalacije Ubuntu-a. Administratori mogu upravljati radnim stationama Ubuntu tako da postavljaju postavke na kontroleru Active Directory. <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sl\/domain\/\"   title=\"domene\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"4138\">domene<\/a> Active Directory, uklju\u010duju\u0107i postavke radne povr\u0161ine i skup ponu\u0111enih aplikacija. Za definiranje sigurnosnih politika svih povezanih klijenata mogu se primijeniti GPO, uklju\u010duju\u0107i postavljanje parametara pristupa korisnika i pravila za definiranje lozinki.              <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Izmenjen je model pristupa li\u010dnim direktorijumima korisnika u sistemu \u2014 li\u010dni direktorijumi sada se kreiraju sa pravima 750 (drwxr-x\u2014), koji obezbe\u0111uju pristup direktorijumu samo vlasniku i \u010dlanovima grupe. Istorijski gledano, ranije su se li\u010dni direktorijumi korisnika u Ubuntuu kreirali sa pravima pristupa 755 (drwxr-xr-x), \u0161to je omogu\u0107avalo jednom korisniku da pregleda sadr\u017eaj direktorijuma drugog.     <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Linux jezgro je a\u017eurirano na verziju 5.11, koja uklju\u010duje podr\u0161ku za Intel SGX enclave, novi mehanizam za presretanje sistemskih poziva, virtuelnu magistralu auxiliary, zabranu kompilacije modula bez MODULE_LICENSE(), re\u017eim brze filtracije sistemskih poziva u seccomp, prestanak podr\u0161ke za arhitekturu ia64, preneti WiMAX tehnologiju u \u201estaging\u201c granu, kao i mogu\u0107nost enkapsulacije SCTP u UDP.     <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Privzeto je v uporabi paketni filter nftables. Za ohranjanje nazaj kompatibilnosti je na voljo paket iptables-nft, ki zagotavlja orodja s enako sintakso ukazne vrstice kot iptables, vendar prevaja prejeta pravila v bajtkodo nf_tables.\n<li class=\"l\"> Na sistemih x86_64 (amd64) in AArch64 (arm64) je izbolj\u0161ana podpora za na\u010din UEFI SecureBoot. Sloj za organizacijo preverjene zagonske sekvence je bil prepeljan na mehanizem SBAT (UEFI Secure Boot Advanced Targeting), ki re\u0161uje te\u017eave, povezane z odpoklicem potrdil. Podpora za SBAT je bila dodana v pakete grub2, shim in fwupd. SBAT vklju\u010duje dodajanje novih metapodatkov, ki so potrjeni z digitalnim podpisom in jih je mogo\u010de dodatno vklju\u010diti na seznam dovoljenih ali prepovedanih komponent za UEFI Secure Boot. Ti metapodatki omogo\u010dajo manipulacijo s \u0161tevilkami razli\u010dic komponent brez potrebe po ponovno generiranju klju\u010dev za Secure Boot in brez ustvarjanja novih podpisov za jedro, shim, grub2 in fwupd.\n<li class=\"l\"> Posodobljeni so sistemski komponenti in programski jeziki, vklju\u010dno z GCC 10.3.0, binutils 2.36.1, glibc 2.33, Python 3.9.4, Perl 5.32.1, LLVM 12, Go 1.16, Rust 1.50, OpenJDK 16, Ruby 2.7.2, Rails 6.      <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Posodobljene so razli\u010dice aplikacij in podsystemov, vklju\u010dno z Mesa 21.0, PulseAudio 14, BlueZ 5.56, NetworkManager 1.30, Firefox 87, LibreOffice 7.1.2, Thunderbird 78.8.1, Darktable 3.4.1, Inkscape 1.0.2, Scribus 1.5.6.1, OBS 26.1.2, KDEnlive 20.12.3, Blender 2.83.5, Krita 4.4.3, GIMP 2.10.22.\n<li class=\"l\"> Posodobljene so komponente za stre\u017eni\u0161ke sisteme, vklju\u010dno s PostgreSQL 13.2, Samba 4.13.3, QEMU 5.2, SSSD 2.40, Net-SNMP 5.9, DPDK 20.11.1, Strongswan 5.9.1, Open vSwitch 2.15, Chrony 4.0, OpenVPN 2.5.1, Virt-manager 3.2.0, Libvirt 7.0, Rsyslog 8.2102.0, Docker 20.10.2, OpenStack Wallaby.    <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> V razli\u010dicah za Raspberry Pi je implementirana podpora za Wayland. Dodana je podpora za GPIO (prek libgpiod in liblgpio). Za platno Compute Module 4 je bila implementirana podpora za Wi-Fi in Bluetooth.\n<li class=\"l\"> Dodane so razli\u010dice za plo\u0161\u010de HiFive SiFive Unleashed in HiFive SiFive Unmatched, ki temeljijo na arhitekturi RISC-V.\n<li class=\"l\"> Za delo z iSCSI namesto tgt je bil uporabljen nabor orodij targetcli-fb, ki se odlikuje z ve\u010djo zmogljivostjo, dodatnimi mo\u017enostmi in podporo za klasteriranje SCSI 3.\n<li class=\"l\"> V sklop Ubuntu Server je vklju\u010den paket needrestart, ki se za\u017eene ob koncu vsake transakcije APT, ugotovi spremembe, ki zahtevajo ponovni zagon, in o tem obvesti skrbnika.\n<li class=\"l\"> Podpora za lua-modul za nginx je bila ukinjena, ker ni zdru\u017eljiv z novimi razli\u010dicami nginx (namesto lo\u010denega modula projekt zdaj razvija OpenResty, posebno izdajo Nginxa z integrirano podporo za LuaJIT).            <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> U Kubuntu je predstavljen radni sto KDE Plasma 5.21 i set aplikacija KDE Applications 20.12.3. Qt framework je a\u017euriran na verziju 5.15.2. Podrazumevano je aktiviran muzi\u010dki plejer Elisa 20.12.3. A\u017eurirane su verzije Krita 4.4.3 i Kdevelop 5.6.2. Dostupan je, ali nije podrazumevano uklju\u010den, sesija zasnovana na Waylandu (za aktivaciju na ekranu za prijavu u sistem potrebno je odabrati opciju \u201ePlasma (Wayland)\u201d).     <center><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Izdaja distribucije Ubuntu 21.04\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/35eb3a71709a31a3f92966b7c0a61e09.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/center>    <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> V Xubuntu je delovna povr\u0161ina Xfce posodobljena na razli\u010dico 4.16. V osnovni sestavi so vklju\u010dene aplikacije Hexchat in Synaptic. Na delovni povr\u0161ini je privzeto onemogo\u010den prikaz menija aplikacij ob desnem kliku mi\u0161ke in skriti so bli\u017enjice za datote\u010dne sisteme in zunanje naprave.    <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> V Ubuntu MATE se nadaljuje dobava razli\u010dice delovne povr\u0161ine MATE 1.24.  <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> V Ubuntu Studio je privzeto aktiviran nov upravljalnik glasbenih sej Agordejo, posodobljene so verzije Studio Controls 2.1.4, Ardour 6.6, RaySession 0.10.1, Hydrogen 1.0.1, Carla 2.3-rc2, jack-mixer 15-1, lsp-plugins 1.1.29.    <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> V Lubuntu je ponujeno grafi\u010dno okolje LXQt 0.16.0.    <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> V Ubuntu Budgie je uvedena nova razli\u010dica namizja Budgie 10.5.2. Dodane so gradnje za Raspberry Pi 4. Dodana je opcijska tema v slogu macOS. V Shufflerju, vmesniku za hitro navigacijo med odprtimi okni in grupiranje oken v mre\u017eo, je dodan vmesnik Layouts za grupiranje in hkratno zagon ve\u010d aplikacij ter omogo\u010dena mo\u017enost pritrditev polo\u017eaja in velikosti okna aplikacije. Predlagani so novi appleti budgie-clipboard-applet (upravljanje s predpomnilnikom) in budgie-analogue-applet (analogne ure). Posodobljena je zasnova namizja, privzeto je ponujena temna tema. V Budgie Welcome je za navigacijo po temah ponujen vmesnik na podlagi zavihkov.         <center><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Izdaja distribucije Ubuntu 21.04\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/3a78f7bf579b688ed3bcec0642b077b1.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/center>       <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Dodatno je skupnost predlagala dve neuradni razli\u010dici Ubuntu 21.04: Ubuntu Cinnamon Remix 21.04 z namizjem Cinnamon in Ubuntu Unity Remix 21.04 z namizjem Unity.  <center><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Izdaja distribucije Ubuntu 21.04\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/0e91073e5c19adb49282382d6552684d.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/center><br \/>\n<br \/>Izvor: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=55005\">opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0414\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0435\u043d \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430 Ubuntu 21.04 &#171;Hirsute Hippo&#187;, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u0442\u043d\u0435\u0441\u0451\u043d \u043a \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0436\u0443\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u043c, \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0442\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 9 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0446\u0435\u0432 (\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0430 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043e \u044f\u043d\u0432\u0430\u0440\u044f 2022 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430). \u0423\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u044b \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u044b \u0434\u043b\u044f Ubuntu, Ubuntu Server, Lubuntu, Kubuntu, Ubuntu Mate, Ubuntu Budgie, Ubuntu Studio, Xubuntu \u0438 UbuntuKylin (\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u041a\u0438\u0442\u0430\u044f). \u041e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f: \u0412 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0447\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0430 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":99992,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-99991","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.4 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0414\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0435\u043d \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430 Ubuntu 21.04 &quot;Hirsute Hippo&quot;, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u0442\u043d\u0435\u0441\u0451\u043d \u043a \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0436\u0443\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u043c, 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\u041a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442 DDoS, VPS VDS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\ud83e\udd47\u0412\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430 Ubuntu 21.04 | ProHoster\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u0414\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0435\u043d \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430 Ubuntu 21.04 &quot;Hirsute Hippo&quot;, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u0442\u043d\u0435\u0441\u0451\u043d \u043a \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0436\u0443\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u043c 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