O loʻu igoa o Igor Sidorenko, o aʻu o se taʻitaʻi faʻapitoa i le 'au a le au pulega o loʻo tausia le atinaʻe atoa o Domclick.

Ou te manaʻo e faʻasoa loʻu poto masani i le faʻatulagaina o faʻamaumauga tuʻufaʻatasia i Elasticsearch. O le a tatou vaʻavaʻai poʻo a faʻatulagaga i nodes e nafa ma le tufatufaina o shards, pe faʻapefea ona galue ma galue le ILM.

O i latou e galulue i ogalaau, i se tasi itu poʻo se isi, e feagai ma le faʻafitauli o le teuina mo se taimi umi mo suʻesuʻega mulimuli. I le Elasticsearch, e matua moni lava lenei mea, aua o mea uma na le manuia i le galuega a le curator. Fa'aliliuga 6.6 fa'alauiloa galuega ILM. E aofia ai vaega e 4:

• Vevela - O lo'o fa'afouina le fa'asinomaga ma fesiligia.
• Mafanafana - E le'o toe fa'afouina le fa'asinomaga, ae o lo'o fesiligia pea.
• Cold - Ua le toe fa'afouina le fa'asinomaga ma e seasea fesiligia. E tatau lava ona su'esu'e le fa'amatalaga, ae atonu e fa'agesegese ai fesili.
• Aveese - Ua le toe mana'omia le fa'asinomaga ma e mafai ona tapeina ma le saogalemu.

Tuuina atu

• Elasticsearch Data Hot: 24 processors, 128 GB manatua, 1,8 TB SSD RAID 10 (8 nodes).
• Elasticsearch Faʻamatalaga Faʻamafanafana: 24 processors, 64 GB manatua, 8 TB NetApp SSD Policy (4 nodes).
• Elasticsearch Data Cold: 8 processors, 32 GB manatua, 128 TB HDD RAID 10 (4 pona).

Manulauti

O nei faʻatulagaga e taʻitoʻatasi, e faʻalagolago uma i le nofoaga i luga o nodes, numera o faʻamatalaga, ogalaau, ma isi. E i ai a matou 2-3 TB o faʻamaumauga i le aso.

• 5 aso - La'asaga vevela (8 autu / 1 fa'atusa).
• 20 aso - Vaega mafanafana (fa'aitiiti-fa'asinomaga 4 autu / 1 kopi).
• 90 aso - Vaega malulu (fa'aaisa-fa'asino igoa 4 autu / 1 kopi).
• 120 aso - Aveese vaega.

Faʻatulagaina Elasticsearch

Ina ia fa'asoa se fa'ailoga i nodes, e na'o le tasi le parakalafa e te mana'omia:

• vevela-nodes:

  ~]# cat /etc/elasticsearch/elasticsearch.yml | grep attr
  # Add custom attributes to the node:
  node.attr.box_type: hot

• māfanafana-nodes:

  ~]# cat /etc/elasticsearch/elasticsearch.yml | grep attr
  # Add custom attributes to the node:
  node.attr.box_type: warm

• mālūlū-nodes:

  ~]# cat /etc/elasticsearch/elasticsearch.yml | grep attr
  # Add custom attributes to the node:
  node.attr.box_type: cold

Fa'atulaga Logstash

E faʻafefea ona aoga uma ma faʻapefea ona matou faʻatinoina lenei faʻaoga? Tatou amata i le mauaina o ogalaau ile Elasticsearch. E lua auala:

1. E aumai e Logstash ni ogalaau mai Kafka. E mafai ona piki mama pe liliu i lou itu.
2. O se mea lava e tusi i Elasticsearch, mo se faʻataʻitaʻiga, se APM server.

Mafaufau i se faʻataʻitaʻiga o le puleaina o faʻamatalaga e ala i Logstash. E faia ai se faasino igoa ma fa'aoga i ai mamanu faasino igoa ma fetaui ILM.

k8s-ingress.conf

input {
    kafka {
        bootstrap_servers => "node01, node02, node03"
        topics => ["ingress-k8s"]
        decorate_events => false
        codec => "json"
    }
}

filter {
    ruby {
        path => "/etc/logstash/conf.d/k8s-normalize.rb"
    }
    if [log] =~ "[warn]" or [log] =~ "[error]" or [log] =~ "[notice]" or [log] =~ "[alert]" {
        grok {
            match => { "log" => "%{DATA:[nginx][error][time]} [%{DATA:[nginx][error][level]}] %{NUMBER:[nginx][error][pid]}#%{NUMBER:[nginx][error][tid]}: *%{NUMBER:[nginx][error][connection_id]} %{DATA:[nginx][error][message]}, client: %{IPORHOST:[nginx][error][remote_ip]}, server: %{DATA:[nginx][error][server]}, request: "%{WORD:[nginx][error][method]} %{DATA:[nginx][error][url]} HTTP/%{NUMBER:[nginx][error][http_version]}", (?:upstream: "%{DATA:[nginx][error][upstream][proto]}://%{DATA:[nginx][error][upstream][host]}:%{DATA:[nginx][error][upstream][port]}/%{DATA:[nginx][error][upstream][url]}", )?host: "%{DATA:[nginx][error][host]}"(?:, referrer: "%{DATA:[nginx][error][referrer]}")?" }
            remove_field => "log"
        }
    }
    else {
        grok {
            match => { "log" => "%{IPORHOST:[nginx][access][host]} - [%{IPORHOST:[nginx][access][remote_ip]}] - %{DATA:[nginx][access][remote_user]} [%{HTTPDATE:[nginx][access][time]}] "%{WORD:[nginx][access][method]} %{DATA:[nginx][access][url]} HTTP/%{NUMBER:[nginx][access][http_version]}" %{NUMBER:[nginx][access][response_code]} %{NUMBER:[nginx][access][bytes_sent]} "%{DATA:[nginx][access][referrer]}" "%{DATA:[nginx][access][agent]}" %{NUMBER:[nginx][access][request_lenght]} %{NUMBER:[nginx][access][request_time]} [%{DATA:[nginx][access][upstream][name]}] (?:-|%{IPORHOST:[nginx][access][upstream][addr]}:%{NUMBER:[nginx][access][upstream][port]}) (?:-|%{NUMBER:[nginx][access][upstream][response_lenght]}) %{DATA:[nginx][access][upstream][response_time]} %{DATA:[nginx][access][upstream][status]} %{DATA:[nginx][access][request_id]}" }
            remove_field => "log"
        }
    }
}
output {
    elasticsearch {
        id => "k8s-ingress"
        hosts => ["node01", "node02", "node03", "node04", "node05", "node06", "node07", "node08"]
        manage_template => true # включаем управление шаблонами
        template_name => "k8s-ingress" # имя применяемого шаблона
        ilm_enabled => true # включаем управление ILM
        ilm_rollover_alias => "k8s-ingress" # alias для записи в индексы, должен быть уникальным
        ilm_pattern => "{now/d}-000001" # шаблон для создания индексов, может быть как "{now/d}-000001" так и "000001"
        ilm_policy => "k8s-ingress" # политика прикрепляемая к индексу
        index => "k8s-ingress-%{+YYYY.MM.dd}" # название создаваемого индекса, может содержать %{+YYYY.MM.dd}, зависит от ilm_pattern
    }
}

Seti Kibana

O loʻo i ai se mamanu faʻavae e faʻatatau i faʻasino igoa fou uma. E faʻatulagaina le tufatufaina o faʻamatalaga vevela, numera o shards, kopi, ma isi. O le mamafa o le mamanu e fuafua i le filifiliga order. O fa'ata'ita'iga e sili atu le mamafa e fa'asili ai fa'ata'ita'iga o lo'o iai pe fa'aopoopo fo'i mea fou.

GET_template/default

{
  "default" : {
    "order" : -1, # вес шаблона
    "version" : 1,
    "index_patterns" : [
      "*" # применяем ко всем индексам
    ],
    "settings" : {
      "index" : {
        "codec" : "best_compression", # уровень сжатия
        "routing" : {
          "allocation" : {
            "require" : {
              "box_type" : "hot" # распределяем только по горячим нодам
            },
            "total_shards_per_node" : "8" # максимальное количество шардов на ноду от одного индекса
          }
        },
        "refresh_interval" : "5s", # интервал обновления индекса
        "number_of_shards" : "8", # количество шардов
        "auto_expand_replicas" : "0-1", # количество реплик на ноду от одного индекса
        "number_of_replicas" : "1" # количество реплик
      }
    },
    "mappings" : {
      "_meta" : { },
      "_source" : { },
      "properties" : { }
    },
    "aliases" : { }
  }
}

Ona faaaoga lea o le faafanua i faasino igoa k8s-ingress-* fa'aaoga se fa'ata'ita'iga e maualuga le mamafa.

GET _template/k8s-ingress

{
  "k8s-ingress" : {
    "order" : 100,
    "index_patterns" : [
      "k8s-ingress-*"
    ],
    "settings" : {
      "index" : {
        "lifecycle" : {
          "name" : "k8s-ingress",
          "rollover_alias" : "k8s-ingress"
        },
        "codec" : "best_compression",
        "routing" : {
          "allocation" : {
            "require" : {
              "box_type" : "hot"
            }
          }
        },
        "number_of_shards" : "8",
        "number_of_replicas" : "1"
      }
    },
    "mappings" : {
      "numeric_detection" : false,
      "_meta" : { },
      "_source" : { },
      "dynamic_templates" : [
        {
          "all_fields" : {
            "mapping" : {
              "index" : false,
              "type" : "text"
            },
            "match" : "*"
          }
        }
      ],
      "date_detection" : false,
      "properties" : {
        "kubernetes" : {
          "type" : "object",
          "properties" : {
            "container_name" : {
              "type" : "keyword"
            },
            "container_hash" : {
              "index" : false,
              "type" : "keyword"
            },
            "host" : {
              "type" : "keyword"
            },
            "annotations" : {
              "type" : "object",
              "properties" : {
                "value" : {
                  "index" : false,
                  "type" : "text"
                },
                "key" : {
                  "index" : false,
                  "type" : "keyword"
                }
              }
            },
            "docker_id" : {
              "index" : false,
              "type" : "keyword"
            },
            "pod_id" : {
              "type" : "keyword"
            },
            "labels" : {
              "type" : "object",
              "properties" : {
                "value" : {
                  "type" : "keyword"
                },
                "key" : {
                  "type" : "keyword"
                }
              }
            },
            "namespace_name" : {
              "type" : "keyword"
            },
            "pod_name" : {
              "type" : "keyword"
            }
          }
        },
        "@timestamp" : {
          "type" : "date"
        },
        "nginx" : {
          "type" : "object",
          "properties" : {
            "access" : {
              "type" : "object",
              "properties" : {
                "agent" : {
                  "type" : "text"
                },
                "response_code" : {
                  "type" : "integer"
                },
                "upstream" : {
                  "type" : "object",
                  "properties" : {
                    "port" : {
                      "type" : "keyword"
                    },
                    "name" : {
                      "type" : "keyword"
                    },
                    "response_lenght" : {
                      "type" : "integer"
                    },
                    "response_time" : {
                      "index" : false,
                      "type" : "text"
                    },
                    "addr" : {
                      "type" : "keyword"
                    },
                    "status" : {
                      "index" : false,
                      "type" : "text"
                    }
                  }
                },
                "method" : {
                  "type" : "keyword"
                },
                "http_version" : {
                  "type" : "keyword"
                },
                "bytes_sent" : {
                  "type" : "integer"
                },
                "request_lenght" : {
                  "type" : "integer"
                },
                "url" : {
                  "type" : "text",
                  "fields" : {
                    "keyword" : {
                      "type" : "keyword"
                    }
                  }
                },
                "remote_user" : {
                  "type" : "text"
                },
                "referrer" : {
                  "type" : "text"
                },
                "remote_ip" : {
                  "type" : "ip"
                },
                "request_time" : {
                  "format" : "yyyy/MM/dd HH:mm:ss||yyyy/MM/dd||epoch_millis||dd/MMM/YYYY:H:m:s Z",
                  "type" : "date"
                },
                "host" : {
                  "type" : "keyword"
                },
                "time" : {
                  "format" : "yyyy/MM/dd HH:mm:ss||yyyy/MM/dd||epoch_millis||dd/MMM/YYYY:H:m:s Z",
                  "type" : "date"
                }
              }
            },
            "error" : {
              "type" : "object",
              "properties" : {
                "server" : {
                  "type" : "keyword"
                },
                "upstream" : {
                  "type" : "object",
                  "properties" : {
                    "port" : {
                      "type" : "keyword"
                    },
                    "proto" : {
                      "type" : "keyword"
                    },
                    "host" : {
                      "type" : "keyword"
                    },
                    "url" : {
                      "type" : "text",
                      "fields" : {
                        "keyword" : {
                          "type" : "keyword"
                        }
                      }
                    }
                  }
                },
                "method" : {
                  "type" : "keyword"
                },
                "level" : {
                  "type" : "keyword"
                },
                "http_version" : {
                  "type" : "keyword"
                },
                "pid" : {
                  "index" : false,
                  "type" : "integer"
                },
                "message" : {
                  "type" : "text"
                },
                "tid" : {
                  "index" : false,
                  "type" : "keyword"
                },
                "url" : {
                  "type" : "text",
                  "fields" : {
                    "keyword" : {
                      "type" : "keyword"
                    }
                  }
                },
                "referrer" : {
                  "type" : "text"
                },
                "remote_ip" : {
                  "type" : "ip"
                },
                "connection_id" : {
                  "index" : false,
                  "type" : "keyword"
                },
                "host" : {
                  "type" : "keyword"
                },
                "time" : {
                  "format" : "yyyy/MM/dd HH:mm:ss||yyyy/MM/dd||epoch_millis||dd/MMM/YYYY:H:m:s Z",
                  "type" : "date"
                }
              }
            }
          }
        },
        "log" : {
          "type" : "text"
        },
        "@version" : {
          "type" : "text",
          "fields" : {
            "keyword" : {
              "ignore_above" : 256,
              "type" : "keyword"
            }
          }
        },
        "eventtime" : {
          "type" : "float"
        }
      }
    },
    "aliases" : { }
  }
}

A maeʻa ona faʻaogaina faʻataʻitaʻiga uma, matou te faʻaogaina le ILM policy ma amata mataʻituina le olaga o faʻamatalaga.

GET _ilm/policy/k8s-ingress

{
  "k8s-ingress" : {
    "version" : 14,
    "modified_date" : "2020-06-11T10:27:01.448Z",
    "policy" : {
      "phases" : {
        "warm" : { # теплая фаза
          "min_age" : "5d", # срок жизни индекса после ротации до наступления теплой фазы
          "actions" : {
            "allocate" : {
              "include" : { },
              "exclude" : { },
              "require" : {
                "box_type" : "warm" # куда перемещаем индекс
              }
            },
            "shrink" : {
              "number_of_shards" : 4 # обрезание индексов, т.к. у нас 4 ноды
            }
          }
        },
        "cold" : { # холодная фаза
          "min_age" : "25d", # срок жизни индекса после ротации до наступления холодной фазы
          "actions" : {
            "allocate" : {
              "include" : { },
              "exclude" : { },
              "require" : {
                "box_type" : "cold" # куда перемещаем индекс
              }
            },
            "freeze" : { } # замораживаем для оптимизации
          }
        },
        "hot" : { # горячая фаза
          "min_age" : "0ms",
          "actions" : {
            "rollover" : {
              "max_size" : "50gb", # максимальный размер индекса до ротации (будет х2, т.к. есть 1 реплика)
              "max_age" : "1d" # максимальный срок жизни индекса до ротации
            },
            "set_priority" : {
              "priority" : 100
            }
          }
        },
        "delete" : { # фаза удаления
          "min_age" : "120d", # максимальный срок жизни после ротации перед удалением
          "actions" : {
            "delete" : { }
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

Faʻafitauli

Sa i ai faʻafitauli i le seti ma le faʻapipiʻiina.

Vaega vevela

Mo le suiga sa'o o fa'ailoga, o le i ai i le pito e taua tele index_name-date-000026 numera faatulagaina 000001. O loʻo i ai laina i totonu o le code e siaki ai faʻasino igoa e faʻaaoga ai se faʻamatalaga masani mo le i ai o numera i le pito. A leai, o le ai ai se mea sese, e leai se faiga faʻavae o le a faʻaaogaina i le faasino igoa, ma o le a i ai i taimi uma i le vevela.

Vaega mafanafana

Suʻe (cutoff) - faʻaitiitia le numera o shards, ona e 4 a tatou nodes i vaega mafanafana ma malulu. O faʻamaumauga o loʻo i ai laina nei:

• O le fa'ailoga e tatau ona na'o le faitau.
• O se kopi o so'o se fa'ailoga i le fa'asinomaga e tatau ona nofo i luga o le node e tasi.
• E tatau ona lanu meamata le tulaga o le soifua maloloina.

Ina ia teuteu se faasino igoa, Elasticsearch faʻanofoina uma vaega autu i le tasi node, faʻaluaina le faʻamaufaʻailoga faʻatasi ma mea e manaʻomia, ona tape ai lea o le mea tuai. Parameter total_shards_per_node e tatau ona tutusa pe sili atu nai lo le aofa'i o vaevaega autu e fetaui i le node e tasi. A leai, o le ai ai faʻamatalaga ma shards o le a le alu i le saʻo nodes.

GET /shrink-k8s-ingress-2020.06.06-000025/_settings

{
  "shrink-k8s-ingress-2020.06.06-000025" : {
    "settings" : {
      "index" : {
        "refresh_interval" : "5s",
        "auto_expand_replicas" : "0-1",
        "blocks" : {
          "write" : "true"
        },
        "provided_name" : "shrink-k8s-ingress-2020.06.06-000025",
        "creation_date" : "1592225525569",
        "priority" : "100",
        "number_of_replicas" : "1",
        "uuid" : "psF4MiFGQRmi8EstYUQS4w",
        "version" : {
          "created" : "7060299",
          "upgraded" : "7060299"
        },
        "lifecycle" : {
          "name" : "k8s-ingress",
          "rollover_alias" : "k8s-ingress",
          "indexing_complete" : "true"
        },
        "codec" : "best_compression",
        "routing" : {
          "allocation" : {
            "initial_recovery" : {
              "_id" : "_Le0Ww96RZ-o76bEPAWWag"
            },
            "require" : {
              "_id" : null,
              "box_type" : "cold"
            },
            "total_shards_per_node" : "8"
          }
        },
        "number_of_shards" : "4",
        "routing_partition_size" : "1",
        "resize" : {
          "source" : {
            "name" : "k8s-ingress-2020.06.06-000025",
            "uuid" : "gNhYixO6Skqi54lBjg5bpQ"
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

Vaega malulu

faʻaʻaisa (fa'aisa) - Matou te fa'a'aisa le fa'asinomaga e fa'amanino ai fesili i fa'amaumauga fa'asolopito.

O su'esu'ega e fa'atino i fa'ailoga fa'aaisa e fa'aoga ai le filo la'ititi, fa'apitoa, su'esu'e_throttled e pulea ai le aofa'i o su'esu'ega fa'atasi e lavea ai fasi ma'aisa i node ta'itasi. E fa'atapula'aina le aofa'i o manatuaga fa'aopoopo e mana'omia mo fa'amaumauga le tumau e fetaui ma fa'a'aisa shards, lea e puipuia ai nodes mai le fa'aogaina tele o manatua.
O fa'ailoga fa'aaisa e na'o le faitau: e le mafai ona e fa'asino i totonu.
O su'esu'ega i fa'ailoga fa'aaisa e fa'amoemoe e fa'agasolo malie. O fa'ailoga fa'aaisa e le'o fa'amoemoe mo le maualuga o le uta su'esu'e. Atonu o le su'esu'eina o se fa'ailoga fa'aaisa e ono alu ni sekone po'o ni minute e fa'amae'a ai, e tusa lava pe fa'amae'a su'esu'ega tutusa i milliseconds pe a le'i fa'aisa fa'ailoga.

O taunuʻuga

Na matou aʻoaʻoina pe faʻapefea ona saunia nodes mo le galue ma le ILM, faʻapipiʻi se faʻataʻitaʻiga mo le tufatufaina atu o fasi i totonu o nodes vevela, ma faʻapipiʻi le ILM mo se faʻasino i vaega uma o le olaga.

aoga fesoʻotaʻiga

• https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/master/index-lifecycle-management-api.html
• https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/master/recovery-prioritization.html
• https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/master/indices-shrink-index.html#indices-shrink-index
• https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/master/frozen-indices.html
• https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/master/modules-cluster.html#shard-allocation-awareness

puna: www.habr.com