Nhasi tichatarisa kushanda kweLayer 2 EtherChannel channel aggregation protocol for layer 2 yeOSI model. Iyi protocol haina kunyanya kusiyana neLayer 3 protocol, asi tisati tanyura muLayer 3 EtherChannel, ndinoda kusuma pfungwa shoma kuti tizosvika kuLayer 1.5 gare gare. Tiri kuenderera mberi nekutevera hurongwa hwekosi yeCCNA, saka nhasi tichabata chikamu 2, Kugadzirisa, Kuedza, uye Kugadzirisa Dambudziko 3/1.5 EtherChannel, uye zvikamu 1.5a, Static EtherChannel, 1.5b, PAGP, uye XNUMXc, IEEE -LACP Open Standard.
Tisati taenda mberi, tinofanira kunzwisisa kuti EtherChannel chii. Ngatifungei isu tine switch A uye chinja B yakabatanidzwa zvakare nemitsara mitatu yekutaurirana. Kana ukashandisa STP, mitsetse miviri yakawedzerwa inovharika zvine musoro kudzivirira zvishwe.
Ngatitii isu tine FastEthernet ports inopa 100 Mbps traffic, saka iyo yakazara throughput ndeye 3 x 100 = 300 Mbps. Isu tinosiya imwe chete nzira yekutaurirana, nekuda kweiyo ichadonha kusvika ku100 Mbit / s, ndiko kuti, mune iyi kesi, STP ichawedzera maitiro etiweki. Pamusoro pezvo, 2 mamwe machaneli achave asina basa pasina.
Kuti udzivise izvi, KALPANA, kambani yakagadzira Cisco Catalist switches uye yakazotengwa neCisco, yakagadzira teknolojia inonzi EtherChannel muma1990.
Kwatiri, tekinoroji iyi inoshandura nzira nhatu dzekukurukurirana dzakapatsanurwa kuita imwe nzira inonzwisisika ine huwandu hwe300 Mbit / s.
Nzira yekutanga yeEtherChannel tekinoroji ndeye manual, kana static mode. Muchiitiko ichi, kushandura hakuzoiti chero chinhu pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu ekufambisa, zvichienderana nekuti zvose zvinyorwa zvekugadzirisa zvirongwa zvekushanda zvakagadzirwa zvakanaka. Iyo chiteshi inongobatidza uye inoshanda, ichivimba zvizere nemasetirwo eiyo network maneja.
Yechipiri modhi ndiyo inomiririra Cisco PAGP yekubatanidza aggregation protocol, yechitatu ndiyo IEEE yakajairwa LACP yekubatanidza aggregation protocol.
Kuti idzi modes dzishande, EtherChannel inofanira kuwanikwa. Iyo static vhezheni yeiyi protocol iri nyore kwazvo kumisa: iwe unofanirwa kuenda kune switch interface marongero uye woisa iyo chiteshi-boka 1 modhi yekuraira.
Kana isu tine chinja A ine mainterfaces maviri f0/1 uye f0/2, tinofanira kupinda muzvigadziro zvechiteshi chimwe nechimwe uye tiise murairo uyu, uye nhamba yeboka reEtherChannel inogona kuva yakakosha kubva ku1 kusvika ku6, chinhu chikuru ndechokuti. kukosha uku kwakafanana kune ese ma ports e switch. Pamusoro pezvo, zviteshi zvinofanirwa kushanda nenzira dzakafanana: ese ari mumodhi yekuwana kana ese ari mutrunk modhi uye ane imwechete yekuzvarwa VLAN kana inobvumidzwa VLAN.
EtherChannel aggregation inongoshanda chete kana boka rezviteshi riine zvakafanana zvakagadzirirwa interfaces.
Ngatibatanidzei chinjai A nemitsetse miviri yekutaurirana kuti tishandure B, iyo zvakare ine mbiri yekusangana f0/1 uye f0/2. Aya mainterface anoumba boka rawo. Iwe unogona kuvagadzirisa kuti vashande muEtherChannel uchishandisa murairo mumwe chete, uye nhamba yeboka haina basa, sezvo iri panzvimbo yekushandura. Unogona kusarudza boka iri senhamba 1, uye zvese zvichashanda. Nekudaro, yeuka - kuti ese machanera ashande pasina matambudziko, ese mainterfaces anofanirwa kugadziridzwa zvakafanana, kune imwechete modhi - kuwana kana trunk. Mushure mekunge mapinda muzvigadziriso zvezvose zviri zviviri zvekuchinja A uye chinja B uye mapinda chiteshi-boka 1 modhi pakuraira, kuunganidzwa kweEtherChannel chiteshi kuchapedzwa.
Ese maviri maratidziro emuviri ega ega switch anozoshanda seimwe inonzwisisika interface. Kana tikatarisa STP parameters, tichaona iyo switch A icharatidza imwe yakajairika interface, yakaunganidzwa kubva kune maviri enyama zviteshi.
Ngatienderei kuPAGP, port aggregation protocol yakagadzirwa neCisco.
Ngatimbofungidzira mufananidzo mumwechete - ma switch maviri A uye B, imwe neimwe ine interfaces f0/1 uye f0/2, yakabatana nemitsara miviri yekutaurirana. Kugonesa PAGP, shandisa imwechete yekuraira chiteshi-boka 1 modhi ine paramita . Mune manyorero static modhi, iwe unongopinda chiteshi-boka 1 modhi pakuraira pane ese maficha, uye kuunganidza kunotanga kushanda pano iwe unofanirwa kutsanangura inodiwa kana auto parameter. Kana iwe ukapinda iyo chiteshi-boka 1 modhi yekuraira nechiratidzo, iyo sisitimu inoratidza kukurumidza ine parameter sarudzo: pa, inodiwa, auto, passive, inoshanda.
Kana iwe ukapinda iyo imwechete chiteshi-boka 1 modhi inodiwa kuraira pamigumo yese yemutsetse wekutaurirana, EtherChannel modhi ichaitwa. Chinhu chimwe chete chichaitika kana kune imwe magumo echiteshi mainterfaces akagadziridzwa nechiteshi-boka 1 modhi inodiwa kuraira, uye kune imwe magumo nechiteshi-boka 1 mode auto command.
Nekudaro, kana iyo inopindirana pamigumo yese yezvisungo yakagadziridzwa otomatiki nechiteshi-boka 1 mode auto command, yekubatanidza aggregation haizoitika. Saka, yeuka - kana iwe uchida kushandisa EtherChannel pamusoro pePAGP protocol, iyo inopindirana yeimwe yemapato inofanira kunge iri mumamiriro ezvinhu anodiwa.
Paunenge uchishandisa yakavhurika LACP protocol yekuunganidza chiteshi, iyo yakafanana chiteshi-boka 1 modhi yekuraira ine paramita inoshandiswa. .
Zvinokwanisika kusanganiswa kwezvigadziro kumativi ose emagetsi ndeaya anotevera: kana mainterfaces akagadzirirwa kuita maitiro anoshanda kana rimwe divi kuti rishande uye rimwe kuti rive passive, iyo EtherChannel mode ichashanda; kuungana hakuzoitiki. Izvo zvinofanirwa kuyeukwa kuti kuronga kuunganidzwa kwechiteshi uchishandisa LACP protocol, rimwe remapoka emapoka rinofanira kunge riri munzvimbo inoshanda.
Ngatiedzei kupindura mubvunzo: kana tine zvigadziriso A uye B zvakabatanidzwa nemitsara yekukurukurirana, uye mainterfaces eimwe shanduko iri mumamiriro ekushanda, uye imwe iri mumotokari kana mamiriro anodiwa, EtherChannel ichashanda here?
Kwete, hazvizodaro, nekuti network inofanirwa kushandisa imwechete protocol - ingave PAGP kana LACP, sezvo isingaenderane.
Ngatitarisei mirairo yakati wandei inoshandiswa kuronga EtherChannel. Chokutanga pane zvose, unoda kugovera nhamba yeboka, inogona kuva chero chinhu. Kune yekutanga yekuraira chiteshi-boka 1 modhi, unogona kusarudza 5 paramita sesarudzo: pa, inodiwa, auto, passive kana inoshanda.
Muinterface subcommands tinoshandisa iyo chiteshi-boka kiyi izwi, asi kana, semuenzaniso, iwe uchida kudoma kuyera kuyera, izwi rekuti port-chiteshi rinoshandiswa. Ngatitarisei kuti chii chinonzi load balancing.
Ngatitii tine chinja A ine zviteshi zviviri, izvo zvakabatana kune dzinoenderana zviteshi zvekuchinja B. Makombiyuta matatu akabatanidzwa kuti ashandure B - 3, uye imwe kombiyuta Nhamba 1,2,3 yakabatana kuchinja A.
Kana traffic ikafamba kubva pakombuta #4 kuenda komputa #1, chinja A ichatanga kutumira mapaketi pane ese malink. Iyo nzira yekuenzanisa mitoro inoshandisa hashing yekero yeanotumira MAC kuitira kuti traffic yese kubva pakombuta yechina ifambe nepakati peaviri malink. Kana tikabatanidza kombiyuta Nha.
Zvisinei, iyi haisi iyo mamiriro ezvinhu. Ngatitii isu tine gore Internet uye mudziyo uko switch A ine makomputa matatu yakabatana. Internet traffic ichaendeswa kune chinja neMAC kero yechishandiso ichi, ndiko kuti, nekero yechiteshi chaicho, nekuti chishandiso ichi igedhi. Saka, traffic yese inobuda ichave neMAC kero yechishandiso ichi.
Kana pamberi pechinjira A tinoisa chinja B, yakabatana nayo nemitsara mitatu yekutaurirana, ipapo traffic yese yekuchinja B munzira yekuchinjisa A ichayerera ichitevedza imwe yemitsara, iyo isingasviki zvinangwa zvedu. Naizvozvo, isu tinofanirwa kuseta kuenzanisa paramita kune iyi switch.
Kuti uite izvi, shandisa iyo port-channel load-balance command, uko nzvimbo yekuenda IP kero inoshandiswa seyesarudzo parameter. Kana iyi ndiyo kero yekombuta Nhamba 1, motokari ichayerera nemutsara wokutanga, kana Nha.
Kuti uite izvi, murairo unoshandisa port-channel keyword mune yepasi rose configuration mode.
Kana iwe uchida kuona kuti ndezvipi zvinongedzo zvinobatanidzwa muchiteshi uye kuti ndeapi maprotocol anoshandiswa, saka mune yakasarudzika mode iwe unofanirwa kuisa iyo show etherchannel pfupiso yekuraira. Iwe unogona kuona iyo mitoro yekuyera marongero uchishandisa iyo show etherchannel load-balance command.
Zvino ngatitarisei zvese izvi muPacket Tracer chirongwa. Tine 2 switch dzakabatana nemalink maviri. STP ichatanga kushanda uye imwe ye4 ports ichavharwa.
Handei kune iyo SW0 marongero uye tiise iyo show spanning-muti command. Tinoona kuti STP iri kushanda uye tinogona kutarisa Root ID uye Bridge ID. Tichishandisa iwo murairo mumwechete kune yechipiri switch, tichaona kuti yekutanga switch SW0 ndiyo mudzi, sezvo, kusiyana neSW1, Root uye Bridge identifier maitiro akafanana. Pamusoro pezvo, pane meseji pano yekuti SW0 ndiwo mudzi - "Iri zambuko ndiro mudzi".
Mateshi ese ari maviri emudziyo switch ari munzvimbo Yakatarwa, iyo yakavharika chiteshi chechipiri switch inosarudzwa seAlternative, uye yechipiri inosarudzwa semudzi wechiteshi. Iwe unogona kuona kuti STP inoita sei basa rese rinodiwa zvisina mhosva, otomatiki kumisikidza kubatana.
Ngatisimudzei PAGP protocol; kuti tiite izvi, mune SW0 marongero, isu tinoteedzana mirairo int f0/1 uye chiteshi-boka 1 modhi ine imwe ye5 inokwanisika paramita, ini ndinoshandisa inodiwa.
Iwe unogona kuona kuti iyo mutsara protocol yakatanga kuvharwa ndokuzogoneswa zvakare, ndiko kuti, shanduko dzakaitwa dzakatanga kushanda uye iyo Port-channel 1 interface yakagadzirwa.
Zvino ngatiendei kune f0/2 interface uye tiise yakafanana yekuraira chiteshi-boka 1 modhi inodiwa.
Iwe unogona kuona kuti ikozvino madoko eiyo yepamusoro link anoratidzwa negirinhi mamaki, uye madoko epazasi link anoratidzwa neorenji marker. Muchiitiko ichi, hapagoni kuva nemhando yakasanganiswa yezvinodiwa - auto ports, nokuti nzvimbo dzose dzekushandura imwe chete dzinofanira kugadzirwa nemurairo mumwechete. Iyo auto mode inogona kushandiswa pane yechipiri switch, asi pane yekutanga, ese madoko anofanira kushanda nenzira imwechete, mune iyi kesi inodiwa.
Ngatiendei muzvigadziro zveSW1 uye tishandise murairo wehuwandu hwemainterfaces int range f0/1-2, kuitira kuti usazoisa mirairo zvakasiyana kune imwe neimwe yenzvimbo, asi kugadzirisa zvose nemurairo mumwe.
Ini ndinoshandisa chiteshi-boka 2 modhi yekuraira, asi ini ndinogona kushandisa chero nhamba kubva 1 kusvika 6 kuratidza boka remainterfaces yechipiri switch. Sezvo divi rakapesana rechiteshi rakagadziridzwa mune inodiwa modhi, iyo inopindirana yeiyi switch inofanirwa kunge iri mune inodiwa kana auto mode. Ini ndinosarudza yekutanga parameter, nyora chiteshi-boka 2 modhi inodiwa uye tinya Enter.
Isu tinoona meseji yekuti chiteshi chinopindirana Port-channel 2 yagadzirwa, uye zviteshi f0/1 uye f0/2 zvakatevedzana kubva pasi pasi kuenda kumusoro. Izvi zvinoteverwa nemharidzo yekuti iyo Port-channel 2 interface yachinja kuenda kumusoro uye kuti mutsara protocol yeiyi interface yakabatidzwawo. Iye zvino tagadzira yakaunganidzwa EtherChannel.
Unogona kuona izvi nekuenda kune zvigadziriso zveSW0 switch uye nekupinda iyo show etherchannel pfupiso yekuraira. Unogona kuona mireza yakasiyana-siyana yatichatarisa gare gare, uye ipapo boka 1 uchishandisa 1 chiteshi, nhamba yeaggregator zvakare 1. Po1 zvinoreva PortChannel 1, uye zita (SU) rinomirira S - layer 2 mureza, U - kushandiswa. Inotevera inoratidza PAGP protocol inoshandiswa uye zviteshi zvemuviri zvakaunganidzwa muchiteshi - Fa0/1 (P) uye Fa0/2 (P), apo P mureza inoratidza kuti zviteshi izvi chikamu chePortChannel.
Ini ndinoshandisa iyo yakafanana mirairo yechipiri switch, uye iyo CLI hwindo inoratidza ruzivo rwakafanana rweSW1.
Ini ndinopinda muratidziro inotenderera-muti wekuraira mune SW1 marongero, uye iwe unogona kuona kuti PortChannel 2 ingori imwe chete inonzwisisika interface, uye mutengo wayo uchienzaniswa nemutengo wezviteshi zviviri zvakasiyana 19 wadzikira kusvika pa9.
Ngatiite zvimwe chete neshanduko yekutanga. Iwe unoona kuti Root parameters haina kuchinja, asi iye zvino pakati pezviviri zviviri, panzvimbo yezvibatanidza zviviri zvemuviri, pane imwe inonzwisisika interface Po1-Po2.
Ngatiedze kutsiva PAGP neLACP. Kuti ndiite izvi, mune zvigadziriso zvekutanga switch ini ndinoshandisa murairo wehuwandu hweinterfaces int range f0/1-2. Kana ini zvino ndaburitsa chiteshi-boka1 modhi inoshanda yekugonesa LACP, inorambwa nekuti madoko Fa0/1 uye Fa0/2 atove chikamu chechiteshi achishandisa imwe protocol.
Naizvozvo, ini ndinofanira kutanga ndapinza murairo hapana chiteshi-boka 1 modhi inoshanda uye ndozoshandisa iyo yekuraira chiteshi-boka1 modhi inoshanda. Ngatiite zvimwechete neyechipiri chinja, kutanga tapinda murairo hapana chiteshi-boka 2, uye ipapo yekuraira chiteshi-boka 2 modhi inoshanda. Kana iwe ukatarisa painterface paramita, unogona kuona kuti Po2 yakavhurwa zvakare, asi ichiri muPAGP protocol mode. Ichi hachisi chokwadi, nekuti isu parizvino tine LACP inoshanda, uye mune iyi nyaya ma paramita anoratidzwa zvisizvo nePacket Tracer chirongwa.
Kugadzirisa kusawirirana uku, ndinoshandisa mhinduro yenguva pfupi - kugadzira imwe PortChannel. Kuti ndiite izvi, ini ndinonyora mirairo int range f0/1-2 uye hapana chiteshi-boka 2, uyezve yekuraira chiteshi-boka 2 modhi inoshanda. Ngationei kuti izvi zvinokanganisa sei switch yekutanga. Ini ndinopinda show etherchannel pfupiso yekuraira uye ndinoona kuti Po1 inoratidzwa zvakare sekushandisa PAGP. Iri idambudziko muPacket Tracer simulation nekuti iyo PortChannel yakaremara uye isu hatifanirwe kuve nechiteshi zvachose.
Ini ndinodzokera kuhwindo reCLI rechipiri switch uye ndinoisa iyo show etherchannel pfupiso yekuraira. Ikozvino Po2 inoratidzwa ne index (SD), apo D inoreva pasi, kureva kuti, chiteshi hachishande. Nehunyanzvi, iyo PortChannel iripo pano, asi haishandiswe nekuti hapana chiteshi chine chekuita nayo.
Ini ndinopinza mirairo int range f0/1-2 uye hapana chiteshi-boka 1 muzvigadziro zvekutanga switch, uyezve kugadzira boka idzva rechiteshi, panguva ino nhamba 2, uchishandisa chiteshi-boka 2 modhi inoshanda yekuraira. Ndobva ndaita zvimwechete mumaseting echipiri switch, chete ikozvino boka rechiteshi rinowana nhamba 1.
Ikozvino boka idzva, Port Channel 2, rakagadzirwa pane yekutanga switch, uye Port Channel 1 pane yechipiri ndakangochinjanisa mazita emapoka. Sezvauri kuona, nehunyanzvi ndakagadzira nyowani Port Channel pane yechipiri switch, uye ikozvino inoratidzwa neiyo chaiyo parameter - mushure mekupinda muratidziro etherchannel pfupiso yekuraira, tinoona kuti Po1 (SU) iri kushandisa LACP.
Isu tinoona iwo chaiwo mufananidzo muCLI hwindo rekuchinja SW0 - iro boka idzva Po2 (SU) rinoshanda pasi peLACP kutonga.
Funga nezve mutsauko uripo pakati peiyo interface iri mune inoshanda mamiriro uye iyo interface inogara iri muhurumende. Ini ndichagadzira boka idzva rechiteshi chekuchinja SW0 nemirairo int renji f0/1-2 uye chiteshi-boka 3 modhi pa. Izvi zvisati zvaitika, iwe unofanirwa kudzima chiteshi mapoka 1 uye 2 uchishandisa iyo isina chiteshi-boka 1 uye hapana chiteshi-boka 2 mirairo, zvikasadaro, kana iwe uchiedza kushandisa chiteshi-boka 3 modhi pakuraira, iyo system inoratidza meseji inotaura kuti. iyo interface yakatoshandiswa kushanda neimwe nzira protocol.
Isu tinoita zvimwe chete neyechipiri switch - bvisa chiteshi-boka 1 uye 2 uye gadzira boka rechitatu rine yekuraira chiteshi-boka 3 maitiro. Zvino ngatiendei kune zvigadziriso zveSW3 uye tishandise iyo show etherchannel pfupiso yekuraira. Iwe uchaona kuti iyo itsva Po0 chiteshi chave kutosimuka uye kushanda uye haidi chero yekutanga mashandiro sePAGP kana LACP.
Inobatika nekukasira, pasina kudzima uyezve inogonesa madoko. Tichishandisa murairo wakafanana weSW1, tichaona kuti pano Po3 haishandisi chero protocol, kureva kuti, takagadzira EtherChannel yakasimba.
Cisco inotaura kuti kuti mambure awanikwe zvakanyanya, tinofanira kukanganwa nezvePAGP uye kushandisa static EtherChannel senzira yakavimbika yekubatanidza aggregation.
Isu tinoita sei load balancing? Ini ndinodzokera kuSW0 switch CLI hwindo uye ndoisa iyo show etherchannel load-balance command. Iwe unogona kuona kuti kuyera kwemutoro kunoitwa zvichibva pane kwakabva MAC kero.
Kazhinji kuenzanisa kunoshandisa iyi parameter, asi dzimwe nguva haienderane nezvinangwa zvedu. Kana isu tichida kushandura iyi nzira yekuenzanisa, isu tinofanirwa kupinda pasi rose configuration mode uye kupinda port-channel load-balance command, mushure mokunge iyo system icharatidza zvinokurudzira nezvinogoneka parameters yemurairo uyu.
Kana iwe ukatsanangura iyo port-channel load-balance src-mac parameter, kureva kuti, tsanangura nzvimbo yeMAC kero, basa rehashing richagoneswa, iro rinozoratidza kuti ndezvipi zvezviteshi izvo chikamu cheEtherChannel yakapiwa inofanira kushandiswa. mberi traffic. Pese painotangira kero yakafanana, sisitimu inoshandisa iyo chaiyo chimiro chemuviri kutumira traffic.
Ndinokutendai nekugara nesu. Unoda zvinyorwa zvedu here? Unoda kuona zvimwe zvinonakidza zvemukati? Titsigire nekuisa odha kana kukurudzira kushamwari, 30% kuderedzwa kwevashandisi veHabr pane yakasarudzika analogue yekupinda-level maseva, iyo yakagadzirwa nesu kuti iwe: (inowanikwa neRAID1 uye RAID10, kusvika ku24 cores uye kusvika ku40GB DDR4).
Dell R730xd kaviri zvakachipa? Chete pano muNetherlands! Dell R420 - 2x E5-2430 2.2Ghz 6C 128GB DDR3 2x960GB SSD 1Gbps 100TB - kubva pamadhora makumi mapfumbamwe nemapfumbamwe! Verenga nezve
Source: www.habr.com