Nenguva yezuva.
Ndakapedza makore mashoma apfuura ndichitsvaga nekugadzira akasiyana maalgorithms ekugadziriswa kwechiratidzo chenzvimbo mune inogadzirisa antenna arrays, uye ramba uchidaro sechikamu chebasa rangu razvino. Pano ndinoda kugovera ruzivo uye mazano andakazvionera ini. Ndinovimba kuti izvi zvichabatsira kune vanhu vanotanga kudzidza iyi nharaunda yekugadzira masaini kana avo vanongofarira.
Chii chinonzi adaptive antenna array?
- iyi seti yeantenna zvinhu zvakaiswa muchadenga neimwe nzira. Chimiro chakareruka cheiyo adaptive antenna array, yatichafunga nezvayo, inogona kumiririrwa mune inotevera fomu:
Adaptive antenna arrays inowanzonzi "smart" antennas () Chii chinoita kuti antenna array "smart" ndiyo spatial chiratidzo chekugadzirisa unit uye algorithms anoitwa mairi. Aya maalgorithms anoongorora chiratidzo chakagamuchirwa uye anoumba seti yehuremu coefficients $inline$w_1…w_N$inline$, iyo inosarudza amplitude uye chikamu chekutanga chechiratidzo chechinhu chimwe nechimwe. Iyo yakapihwa amplitude-phase distribution inosarudza lattice yose pamwe chete. Iko kugona kusanganisa eradiation pateni yechimiro chinodiwa uye kuishandura panguva yekugadziriswa kwechiratidzo ndechimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha zveadaptive antenna arrays, iyo inobvumira kugadzirisa huwandu hwakawanda hwezvinetso. . Asi zvinhu zvekutanga kutanga.
Nzira yemwaranzi inogadzirwa sei?
inoratidza simba rechiratidzo rinobudiswa mune imwe nzira. Kuti zvive nyore, tinofungidzira kuti zvinhu zvelattice isotropic, i.e. kune mumwe nemumwe wavo, simba rechiratidzo chakabudiswa haribvi pane kutungamira. Iko kukwidziridzwa kana kuderedzwa kwesimba rinoburitswa neiyo grating mune imwe nzira inowanikwa nekuda kwe Electromagnetic mafungu anoburitswa nezvinhu zvakasiyana zveantenna array. Iyo yakagadzikana yekukanganisa pateni yemafungu emagetsi inogoneka chete kana ivo , i.e. musiyano wechikamu chezviratidzo haufanire kuchinja nekufamba kwenguva. Sezvineiwo, chimwe nechimwe chinhu cheantenna array chinofanira kupenya pamhepo imwe chete yekutakura $inline$f_{0}$inline$. Zvakadaro, pakuita munhu anofanirwa kushanda nenarrowband signals ine spectrum ye finite width $inline$Delta f << f_{0}$inline$.
Rega zvinhu zvese zveAR zvibudise chiratidzo chimwe chete nacho $inline$x_n(t)=u(t)$inline$. Zvadaro pane anogamuchira, chiratidzo chinogamuchirwa kubva kune n-th chinhu chinogona kumiririrwa mukati fomu:
$$display$$a_n(t) = u(t-tau_n)e^{i2pi f_0(t-tau_n)}$$ratidza$$
uko $inline$tau_n$inline$ ndiko kunonoka mukuparadzira chiratidzo kubva kune antenna element kuenda kunzvimbo yekugamuchira.
Chiratidzo chakadaro "quasi-harmonic", uye kugutsa mamiriro ekubatana, zvinodikanwa kuti kunonoka kukuru mukuparidzirwa kwemafungu emagetsi pakati pezvinhu zviviri chero zvipi zviviri zvishoma kudarika nguva yekuchinja muvharopu yechiratidzo $ inline $ T $ inline $, i.e. $inline$u(t-tau_n) ≈ u(t-tau_m)$inline$. Nokudaro, mamiriro ekubatanidzwa kwechiratidzo chenarrowband chinogona kunyorwa sezvinotevera:
$$display$$T≈frac{1}{Delta f}>>frac{D_{max}}{c}=max(tau_k-tau_m) $$display$$
apo $inline$D_{max}$inline$ndiyo chinhambwe chikuru pakati pezvinhu zveAR, uye $inline$с$inline$ ndiko kumhanya kwechiedza.
Kana chiratidzo chagamuchirwa, coherent summation inoitwa digitally mu spatial processing unit. Muchiitiko ichi, kukosha kwakaoma kwechiratidzo chedhijitari pakubuda kwechivharo ichi kunotemwa nekutaura:
$$ratidza$$y=sum_{n=1}^Nw_n^*x_n$$ratidza$$
Zviri nani kumiririra kutaura kwekupedzisira muchimiro N-dimensional yakaoma mavheji mune matrix fomu:
$$display$$y=(textbf{w},textbf{x})=textbf{w}^Htextbf{x}$$display$$
apo w и x ari column vectors, uye $inline$(.)^H$inline$ndiko kushanda .
Vector inomiririra masaini ndeimwe yeakakosha kana uchishanda neantenna arrays, nekuti kazhinji inokubvumira kuti udzivise kurema masvomhu kuverenga. Mukuwedzera, kuziva chiratidzo chakagamuchirwa pane imwe nguva nenguva nevector kazhinji kunobvumira munhu kubvisa kubva kune chaiyo yemuviri system uye kunzwisisa kuti chii chaizvo chiri kuitika kubva pakuona kwe geometry.
Kuti uverenge iyo radiation pateni yeantenna array, iwe unofanirwa ku "tangisa" mupfungwa uye sequentially seti ye kubva kumativi ose anobvira. Mune ino kesi, kukosha kweiyo vector zvinhu x inogona kumiririrwa mune inotevera fomu:
$$display$$x_n=s_n=exp{-i(textbf{k}(phi,theta),textbf{r}_n)}$$ratidza$$
apo k - , $inline$phi$inline$ uye $inline$theta$inline$ - и , inoratidzira kutungamira kwekusvika kwemafungu endege, $inline$textbf{r}_n$inline$ndiko kurongeka kwechinhu che antenna, $inline$s_n$inline$ ndicho chinhu chechikamu chevheta. s plane wave ine wave vector k (muzvinyorwa zveChirungu the phaseing vector inonzi steerage vector). Kutsamira kweiyo squared amplitude yehuwandu y kubva ku$inline$phi$inline$ uye $inline$theta$inline$ inotara mutsara wemwaranzi weiyo antenna array yekugamuchira kune yakapihwa vector yehuremu coefficients. w.
Zvimiro zveantenna array radiation pattern
Zvakanakira kudzidza zvakajairwa zvemwaranzi pateni yeantenna arrays pane mutsara equidistant antenna array mundege yakachinjika (kureva, iyo pateni inotsamira chete paazimuthal angle $inline$phi$inline$). Yakanakira kubva pamapoinzi maviri ekuona: analytical maverengero uye yekuona mharidzo.
Ngativerengei DN yeyuniti uremu vheta ($inline$w_n=1, n = 1 ... N$inline$), tichitevera zvakatsanangurwa kusvika.
Math here
Kufungidzira kwevheji yevheji paakisi yakatwasuka: $inline$k_v=-frac{2pi}{lambda}sinphi$inline$
Kurongeka kwakatwasuka kwechinhu che antenna chine indekisi n: $inline$r_{nv}=(n-1)d$inline$
zviri d - antenna array nguva (kureba pakati pezvinhu zviri padyo), λ - wavelength. Zvimwe zvese zvevector zvinhu r zvakaenzana ne zero.
Chiratidzo chinogamuchirwa neantenna array chinorekodhwa mune inotevera fomu:
$$display$$y=sum_{n=1}^{N}1 ⋅exp{i2pi nfrac{d}{lambda}sinphi}$$display$$
Ngatishandise formula ye и :
$$display$$y=frac{1-exp{i2pi Nfrac{d}{lambda}sinphi}}{1-exp{i2pi frac{d}{lambda}sinphi}}}=frac{sin(pi frac{Nd} {lambda}sinphi)}{sin(pi frac{d}{lambda}sinphi)}exp{ipi frac{d(N-1)}{lambda}sinphi}$$display$$
Somugumisiro tinowana:
$$display$$F(phi)=|y|^2=frac{sin^2(pi frac{Nd}{lambda}sinphi)}{sin^2(pi frac{d}{lambda}sinphi)} $ $kuratidza$$
Frequency yeradiation pattern
Iyo inokonzeresa antenna array radiation pateni ndeye periodic basa resine yekona. Izvi zvinoreva kuti pane mamwe maitiro echiyero d/λ ine diffraction (yakawedzerwa) maxima.
Isiri-yakajairwa radiation pateni yeantenna array yeN = 5
Yakajairwa nemwaranzi maitiro eiyo antenna array yeN = 5 mune polar coordinate system
Nzvimbo ye "diffraction detectors" inogona kutariswa zvakananga kubva zveDN. Nekudaro, isu tichaedza kunzwisisa kwavanobva panyama uye geometrically (muN-dimensional space).
Zvinhu vector s maexponents akaoma kunzwisisa $inline$e^{iPsi n}$inline$, ukoshi hwahwo hunotarwa nehukoshi hweekona yegeneralized $inline$Psi = 2pi frac{d}{lambda}sinphi$inline$. Kana paine makona maviri akajairwa anoenderana nenzvimbo dzakasiyana dzekusvika kwemafungu endege, ayo $inline$Psi_1 = Psi_2 + 2pi m$inline$, zvino izvi zvinoreva zvinhu zviviri:
- Panyama: mafungu emhepo endege anouya kubva kunzira idzi anounza zvakafanana amplitude-phase kugovera kwe electromagnetic oscillations pane zvinhu zveantenna array.
- Geometrically nokuti nzira mbiri idzi dzinopindirana.
Mafambisirwo ekusvika kwemafungu ane hukama neiyi nzira akaenzana kubva pakuona kweiyo antenna array uye haaonekwe kubva kune mumwe nemumwe.
Nzira yekuziva sei nharaunda yemakona umo imwe chete huru yepamusoro yeDP inogara yakarara? Ngatiitei izvi munharaunda ye zero azimuth kubva kune zvinotevera zvinofungwa: ukuru hwechikamu chekuchinja pakati pezvinhu zviviri zvakatarisana inofanira kurara mumutsara kubva $inline$-pi$inline$ kusvika $inline$pi$inline$.
$$display$$-pi<2pifrac{d}{lambda}sinphi
Kugadzirisa kusaenzana uku, tinowana mamiriro enzvimbo yekusarudzika munzvimbo ye zero:
$$kuratidza$$|sinphi|
Zvinogona kuonekwa kuti saizi yedunhu rekusarudzika mumakona zvinoenderana nehukama d/λ. kana d = 0.5λ, ipapo nhungamiro yega yega yekusvika kwechiratidzo "yega", uye dunhu rekusarudzika rinovhara huwandu hwakazara hwemakona. Kana d = 2.0λ, zvino mafambiro 0, ±30, ±90 akaenzana. Diffraction lobes inoonekwa pane radiation pattern.
Kazhinji, diffraction lobes inotsvakwa kudzvanywa uchishandisa inotungamira antenna zvinhu. Muchiitiko ichi, iyo yakazara radiation pateni yeantenna array chigadzirwa chemuenzaniso wechimwe chinhu uye hurongwa hweisotropic zvinhu. Iwo maparamita epateni yechimwe chinhu anowanzo kusarudzwa zvichienderana nemamiriro enzvimbo yekusajeka kweiyo antenna array.
Main lobe width
engineering formula yekufungidzira hupamhi hweiyo huru lobe yeantenna system: $inline$Delta phi ≈ frac{lambda}{D}$inline$, apo D ndiwo hunhu hweantenna. Iyo formula inoshandiswa kune akasiyana marudzi ema antennas, kusanganisira iwo egirazi. Ngatiratidzei kuti inoshandawo kune antenna arrays.
Ngatitarisei hupamhi hweiyo huru lobe neazero ekutanga epateni iri padhuze nehukuru hwepamusoro. Numerator ye$inline$F(phi)$inline$ inonyangarika kana $inline$sinphi=mfrac{lambda}{dN}$inline$. Mazero ekutanga anoenderana nem = ± 1. $inline$frac{lambda}{dN}<<1$inline$ tinowana $inline$Delta phi = 2frac{lambda}{dN}$inline$.
Kazhinji, hupamhi hweiyo antenna directivity pateni inotarwa nehafu-simba level (-3 dB). Muchiitiko ichi, shandisa izwi rokuti:
$$display$$Delta phi≈0.88frac{lambda}{dN}$$display$$
Muenzaniso:
Hupamhi hweiyo huru lobe inogona kudzorwa nekuisa akasiyana amplitude kukosha kune antenna array weighting coefficients. Ngatitarisei kugoverwa kutatu:
- Uniform amplitude distribution (huremu 1): $inline$w_n=1$inline$.
- Amplitude values inodzikira yakananga kumacheto egiredhi (uremu 2): $inline$w_n=0.5+0.3cos(2pifrac{n-1}{N}-pifrac{N-1}{N})$inline$
- Amplitude values inokwira yakananga kumucheto kwegiredhi (zviremu 3): $inline$w_n=0.5-0.3cos(2pifrac{n-1}{N}-pifrac{N-1}{N})$inline$
Iyo nhamba inoratidza inokonzeresa yakajairwa radiation mapatani pane logarithmic chiyero:
Aya maitiro anotevera anogona kurondwa kubva pamufananidzo: kugoverwa kwehuremu coefficient amplitudes inoderera yakananga kumucheto kweiyo array kunotungamirira kukuwedzera kweiyo huru lobe yemuenzaniso, asi kuderera kwemwero weparutivi lobes. Amplitude values inowedzera yakananga kumucheto kweiyo antenna array, pane zvinopesana, inotungamira mukudzikisira kweiyo huru lobe uye kuwedzera kweiyo nhanho yedivi lobes. Zviri nyore kufunga nezvekudzikamisa kesi pano:
- Iyo amplitudes yehuremu coefficients yezvinhu zvese kunze kweiyo yakanyanyisa yakaenzana ne zero. Huremu hwezvinhu zvekunze zvakaenzana nechimwe. Muchiitiko ichi, lattice inova yakaenzana neaviri-element AR ine nguva D = (N-1)d. Hazvina kuoma kufungidzira hupamhi hweiyo petal huru uchishandisa fomula yakapihwa pamusoro. Muchiitiko ichi, madziro emadziro anoshanduka kuita diffraction maxima uye anowirirana nehukuru hwepamusoro.
- Huremu hwechikamu chepakati chakaenzana neimwe, uye mamwe ese akaenzana ne zero. Muchiitiko ichi, isu takagamuchira antenna imwe ine isotropic radiation pateni.
Kutungamira kwehukuru hwepamusoro
Saka, takatarisa maitiro aungaita hupamhi hweiyo huru lobe yeAP AP. Zvino ngationei nzira yekutungamirira nayo nzira. Ngatirangarirei nokuda kwechiratidzo chakagamuchirwa. Ngatidei iyo yakakwira yeradiation pateni kuti itarise kune imwe nzira $inline$phi_0$inline$. Izvi zvinoreva kuti simba guru rinofanira kugamuchirwa kubva kune iyi nzira. Iyi nzira inoenderana nechikamu chevheta $inline$textbf{s}(phi_0)$inline$in N-dimensional vector nzvimbo, uye simba rakagamuchirwa rinotsanangurwa seyakaenzana yechigadzirwa che scalar cheiyi vheji inopedza uye vector yekuyera coefficients. w. Iyo scalar chigadzirwa chemavekita maviri inonyanyisa kana ivo , i.e. $inline$textbf{w}=beta textbf{s}(phi_0)$inline$, kupi β - imwe normalizing factor. Saka, kana tikasarudza uremu vector yakaenzana neiyo phasing vector kune inodiwa kutungamira, isu tinotenderedza huwandu hwehuwandu hwemwaranzi.
Funga nezvezviyero zvinotevera semuenzaniso: $inline$textbf{w}=textbf{s}(10°)$inline$
$$display$$w_n=exp{i2pifrac{d}{lambda}(n-1)sin(10pi/180)}$$ratidza$$
Nekuda kweizvozvo, isu tinowana chiyero chemwaranzi nehukuru hwepamusoro munzira ye10 °.
Iye zvino tinoshandisa zviyero zvakafanana zvekuremera, asi kwete zvekugamuchira zviratidzo, asi zvekutumira. Zvakakodzera kufunga pano kuti kana uchitumira chiratidzo, kutungamira kwe wave vector kunoshanduka kune zvakapesana. Izvi zvinoreva kuti zvinhu nokuda kwekugamuchira uye kutumira ivo vanosiyana muchiratidzo che exponent, i.e. akabatanidzwa nekusangana kwakaoma. Nekuda kweizvozvo, tinowana huwandu hweiyo radiation pateni yekutapurira munzira ye -10 °, iyo isingaenderane nehupamhi hweiyo radiation pateni yekugamuchira nehuremu huremu coefficients.Kugadzirisa mamiriro acho, zvinodikanwa shandisa conjugation yakaoma kune uremu coefficients zvakare.
Iyo yakatsanangurwa chimiro chekugadzira mapatani ekugamuchira uye kutapurirana inofanirwa kugara ichichengetwa mupfungwa kana uchishanda neantenna arrays.
Ngatitambe nemwaranzi pateni
Makwiriro akawanda
Ngatiisei basa rekugadzira maviri makuru maxima emwaranzi pateni munzira: -5 ° uye 10 °. Kuti tiite izvi, isu tinosarudza sehuremu vector iyo inorema sum ye phasing vectors kune inoenderana nzira.
$$display$$textbf{w} = betatextbf{s}(10°)+(1-beta)textbf{s}(-5°)$$ratidza$$
Nokugadzirisa reshiyo β Iwe unogona kugadzirisa chiyero pakati pemakona makuru. Pano zvakare zviri nyore kutarisa zviri kuitika mune vector space. Kana β yakakura kudarika 0.5, ipapo vector yehuremu coefficients inorara pedyo s(10°), neimwe nzira s(-5°). Iyo iri padyo neiyo uremu vector kune imwe yemaphasors, iyo yakakura inowirirana scalar chigadzirwa, uye saka kukosha kweiyo inoenderana yakakura DP.
Nekudaro, zvakakosha kuti titarise kuti ese maviri mapeti makuru ane hupamhi hunogumira, uye kana isu tichida kutenderera kune maviri epedyo nzira, ipapo mapeti aya anozobatana kuita rimwe, akanangana kune imwe nzira yepakati.
Imwe yepamusoro uye zero
Zvino ngatiedzei kugadzirisa huwandu hwemwaranzi pateni kuenda kugwara $inline$phi_1=10°$inline$ uye panguva imwechete dzvanya chiratidzo chinobva kudivi $inline$phi_2=-5°$inline$. Kuti uite izvi, unofanirwa kuseta DN zero yekona inoenderana. Iwe unogona kuita izvi sezvinotevera:
$$display$$textbf{w}=textbf{s}_1-frac{textbf{s}_2^Htextbf{s}_1}{N}textbf{s}_2$$display$$
apo $inline$textbf{s}_1 = textbf{s}(10°)$inline$, uye $inline$textbf{s}_2 = textbf{s}(-5°)$inline$.
Iyo geometric zvinoreva kusarudza uremu vector ndeiyi inotevera. Tinoda iyi vector w yakanga ine fungidziro huru pa$inline$textbf{s}_1$inline$ uye panguva imwe cheteyo yakanga iri orthogonal kune vector $inline$textbf{s}_2$inline$. Vector $inline$textbf{s}_1$inline$inogona kumiririrwa sematemu maviri: a collinear vector $inline$textbf{s}_2$inline$ uye orthogonal vector $inline$textbf{s}_2$inline$. Kuti ugutse chirevo chedambudziko, zvinodikanwa kuti usarudze chikamu chechipiri sevheta yehuremu coefficients. w. The colinear component inogona kuverengerwa nekugadzira vector $inline$textbf{s}_1$inline$ pane yakajairwa vector $inline$frac{textbf{s}_2}{sqrt{N}}$inline$ uchishandisa scalar product.
$$display$$textbf{s}_{1||}=frac{textbf{s}_2}{sqrt{N}}frac{textbf{s}_2^Htextbf{s}_1}{sqrt{N}} $$kuratidza$$
Saizvozvo, tichibvisa chikamu chayo checollinear kubva kune yekutanga phasing vector $inline$textbf{s}_1$inline$, tinowana huremu hunodiwa.
Zvimwe zvinyorwa zvekuwedzera
- Kwese kwese pamusoro, ini ndakasiya nyaya ye normalizing the weight vector, i.e. kureba kwayo. Saka, normalization yehuremu vector haina kukanganisa maitiro eiyo antenna array radiation pattern: kutungamira kwehukuru hwepamusoro, hupamhi hweiyo huru lobe, nezvimwe. Izvo zvinogona zvakare kuratidzwa kuti iyi normalization haikanganise iyo SNR pakubuda kweiyo spatial processing unit. Panyaya iyi, kana tichifunga nezve spatial sign processing algorithms, isu tinowanzo gamuchira unit normalization yehuremu vector, i.e. $inline$textbf{w}^Htextbf{w}=1$inline$
- Mikana yekugadzira patani yeantenna array inotarirwa nehuwandu hwezvinhu N. Izvo zvakanyanya zvinhu, zvakapamhi zvinogoneka. Iyo yakawanda madhigirii erusununguko paunenge uchishandisa spatial uremu kugadzirisa, iyo yakawanda sarudzo dzekuita "kumonyorora" uremu vector muN-dimensional nzvimbo.
- Paunenge uchigamuchira mapatani emwaranzi, iyo antenna array haipo panyama, uye zvese izvi zviripo chete mu "fungidziro" yekomputa unit inobata chiratidzo. Izvi zvinoreva kuti panguva imwe chete zvinokwanisika kubatanidza mapatani akati wandei uye nekuzvimiririra kugadzirisa masaini anobva kwakasiyana nzira. Panyaya yekutapurirana, zvese zvakatonyanya kuomarara, asi zvakare zvinokwanisika kugadzira akati wandei maDN kufambisa akasiyana data hova. Iyi tekinoroji muhurongwa hwekutaurirana inodaidzwa .
- Uchishandisa iyo yakaratidzwa matlab kodhi, unogona kutamba uchitenderedza neDN iwe pachako
kodhi% antenna array settings N = 10; % number of elements d = 0.5; % period of antenna array wLength = 1; % wavelength mode = 'receiver'; % receiver or transmitter % weights of antenna array w = ones(N,1); % w = 0.5 + 0.3*cos(2*pi*((0:N-1)-0.5*(N-1))/N).'; % w = 0.5 - 0.3*cos(2*pi*((0:N-1)-0.5*(N-1))/N).'; % w = exp(2i*pi*d/wLength*sin(10/180*pi)*(0:N-1)).'; % b = 0.5; w = b*exp(2i*pi*d/wLength*sin(+10/180*pi)*(0:N-1)).' + (1-b)*exp(2i*pi*d/wLength*sin(-5/180*pi)*(0:N-1)).'; % b = 0.5; w = b*exp(2i*pi*d/wLength*sin(+3/180*pi)*(0:N-1)).' + (1-b)*exp(2i*pi*d/wLength*sin(-3/180*pi)*(0:N-1)).'; % s1 = exp(2i*pi*d/wLength*sin(10/180*pi)*(0:N-1)).'; % s2 = exp(2i*pi*d/wLength*sin(-5/180*pi)*(0:N-1)).'; % w = s1 - (1/N)*s2*s2'*s1; % w = s1; % normalize weights w = w./sqrt(sum(abs(w).^2)); % set of angle values to calculate pattern angGrid_deg = (-90:0.5:90); % convert degree to radian angGrid = angGrid_deg * pi / 180; % calculate set of steerage vectors for angle grid switch (mode) case 'receiver' s = exp(2i*pi*d/wLength*bsxfun(@times,(0:N-1)',sin(angGrid))); case 'transmitter' s = exp(-2i*pi*d/wLength*bsxfun(@times,(0:N-1)',sin(angGrid))); end % calculate pattern y = (abs(w'*s)).^2; %linear scale plot(angGrid_deg,y/max(y)); grid on; xlim([-90 90]); % log scale % plot(angGrid_deg,10*log10(y/max(y))); % grid on; % xlim([-90 90]);
Ndeapi matambudziko anogona kugadziriswa uchishandisa adaptive antenna array?
Kugamuchirwa kwakakwana kwechiratidzo chisingazivikanwiKana gwara rekusvika kwechiratidzo risingazivikanwe (uye kana chiteshi chekutaura chiri kuwanda, kazhinji kune akati wandei nzira), zvino nekuongorora chiratidzo chinotambirwa neantenna array, zvinokwanisika kuumba yakakwana uremu vector. w kuitira kuti iyo SNR pakubuda kwenzvimbo yekugadzira nzvimbo ichave yakanyanya.
Yakanyanya kugashira chiratidzo ichitarisana neruzha rwekumashurePano dambudziko rinoiswa sezvizvi: maparamita enzvimbo yechiratidzo chinotarisirwa chinobatsira anozivikanwa, asi kune zvitubu zvekuvhiringidza mumamiriro ekunze. Izvo zvinodikanwa kuti uwedzere iyo SINR pane iyo AP kubuda, kuderedza pesvedzero yekukanganisa pakugamuchira chiratidzo zvakanyanya sezvinobvira.
Yakakwana chiratidzo chekufambisa kune mushandisiDambudziko iri rinogadziriswa mumafoni ekukurukurirana masisitimu (4G, 5G), pamwe neWi-Fi. Zvazvinoreva zviri nyore: nerubatsiro rwezviratidzo zvemutyairi akakosha mugedhi remhinduro yemushandisi, hunhu hwenzvimbo yechiteshi chekutaurirana hunoongororwa, uye pahwaro hwayo, iyo vector yekuremedza coefficients iyo yakakwana yekutapurirana inosarudzwa.
Spatial kuwanda kwedhata hovaAdaptive antenna arrays inobvumira kuendesa data kune vashandisi vakati wandei panguva imwe chete pane imwechete frequency, ichigadzira imwe pateni kune yega yega. Iyi tekinoroji inodaidzwa kuti MU-MIMO uye parizvino iri kuitwa zvine mutsindo (uye kumwe kwatove) muhurongwa hwekutaurirana. Iko mukana wekuwanda kwenzvimbo inopihwa, semuenzaniso, mune 4G LTE nhare yekutaurirana standard, IEEE802.11ay Wi-Fi standard, uye 5G nharembozha yekutaurirana.
Virtual antenna arrays ema radarDigital antenna arrays inoita kuti zvikwanisike, uchishandisa akati wandei ekutepfenyura antenna zvinhu, kuumba chaiyo antenna dhizaini yehukuru hwakakura hwekugadzirisa chiratidzo. Iyo chaiyo grid ine ese maitiro eiyo chaiyo, asi inoda kushoma Hardware kuti iite.
Estimation of parameters of radiation sourcesAdaptive antenna arrays inobvumira kugadzirisa dambudziko rekufungidzira nhamba, simba, masosi ekuburitswa kweredhiyo, gadza hukama hwehuwandu pakati pezviratidzo kubva kwakasiyana masosi. Mukana mukuru weiyo adaptive antenna arrays mune iyi nyaya kugona kwepamusoro-kugadzirisa ari pedyo nemwaranzi masosi. Zvitubu, chinhambwe cheangular pakati pacho chiri pasi pehupamhi hweiyo huru lobe yeantenna array radiation pattern () Izvi zvinonyanya kuitika nekuda kweiyo vector kumiririrwa kwechiratidzo, iyo inozivikanwa chiratidzo modhi, pamwe nemidziyo yemasvomhu ane mutsara.
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Source: www.habr.com