Kuvakwa kweData Center kunoonekwa seimwe yemaindasitiri ari kukurumidza kukura. Kufambira mberi munharaunda iyi kwakakura, asi kana paine mhinduro dzetekinoroji dzichaonekwa pamusika munguva pfupi iri kutevera mubvunzo mukuru. Nhasi tichaedza kufunga maitiro makuru ekuvandudza mukugadzirwa kwepasi rose data center kuvaka kuitira kuti tipindure.
Kosi paHyperscale
Kuvandudzwa kweruzivo rwemichina kwakonzera kudiwa kwekuvaka nzvimbo huru dze data. Chaizvoizvo, hyperscale infrastructure inodiwa nevanopa masevhisi emakore uye masocial network: Amazon, Microsoft, IBM, Google uye vamwe vatambi vakakura. Muna Kubvumbi 2017 munyika Kune 320 nzvimbo dzakadaro dze data, uye muna December dzatova 390. Pakazosvika 2020, nhamba ye hyperscale data centers inofanira kukura kusvika ku500, maererano nekufanotaura kweSynergy Research nyanzvi. Mazhinji enzvimbo idzi dze data dziri muUnited States, uye maitiro aya achiri kuenderera mberi, kunyangwe kukurumidza kukurumidza kwekuvaka mudunhu reAsia-Pacific, Cisco Systems vaongorori.
Yese hyperscale data centers ndeyemakambani uye haaredhe nzvimbo yekurakidza. Iwo anoshandiswa kugadzira makore eruzhinji ane hukama neInternet yezvinhu uye matekinoroji ehungwaru, masevhisi, pamwe nedzimwe niches uko kunodiwa kugadzirisa mavhoriyamu makuru e data. Varidzi vari kuyedza nekuwedzera simba remagetsi pane rack, isina-simbi maseva, kutonhora kwemvura, kuwedzera tembiricha mumakamuri emakomputa uye akasiyana emhando mhinduro. Tichifunga nezvekuwedzera kukurumbira kwemasevhisi emakore, Hyperscale ichava mutyairi mukuru wekukura kweindasitiri mune ramangwana rinoonekwa: pano unogona kutarisira kubuda kwezvinofadza tekinoroji mhinduro kubva kune vanotungamira vanogadzira zveIT michina uye mainjiniya masisitimu.
Edge Computing
Imwe nzira inocherekedza ndiyo yakanyatsopesana: mumakore achangopfuura, nhamba huru yema micro data centers yakavakwa. Zvinoenderana neKutsvagisa uye Marike kufungidzira, musika uyu kubva pamadhora bhiriyoni maviri muna 2 kusvika pamadhora masere emabhiriyoni panosvika 2017. Izvi zvakabatana nekuvandudzwa kweInternet Yezvinhu uye Indasitiri Internet yezvinhu. Mahombe data nzvimbo ari kure zvakanyanya kubva pane-saiti process otomatiki masisitimu. Ivo vanoita mabasa asingade kuverenga kubva kune imwe neimwe yemamiriyoni emasensor. Zvakanakisa kuita yekutanga data kugadzirisa kwainogadzirwa, uye chete wozotumira ruzivo runobatsira munzira refu kuenda kune gore. Kuratidza chiitiko ichi, izwi rakakosha rakagadzirwa - edge computing. Mune maonero edu, iyi ndiyo yechipiri inonyanya kukosha maitiro mukugadzirwa kwe data center kuvaka, izvo zvinotungamirira pakubuda kwezvinhu zvitsva pamusika.
Hondo yePUE
Nzvimbo huru dzedata dzinoshandisa huwandu hwakakura hwemagetsi uye dzinogadzira kupisa kunofanirwa kudzoserwa neimwe nzira. Tsika dzekutonhodza masisitimu dzinosvika makumi mana muzana ezvekushandisa simba renzvimbo, uye mukurwira kuderedza mutengo wesimba, mafiriji compressors anoonekwa semuvengi mukuru. Mhinduro dzinokutendera kuti urambe zvachose kana kuti zvishoma kuishandisa dziri kuwana mukurumbira. free-kutonhora. Mune classical scheme, chiller masisitimu anoshandiswa nemvura kana aqueous mhinduro dzepolyhydric alcohols (glycols) seanotonhorera. Munguva yechando, iyo chiller's compressor-condensing unit haina kutendeuka, iyo inoderedza zvakanyanya mari yesimba. Zvimwe zvinofadza zvinogadzirisa zvinovakirwa padual-circuit air-to-air circuit ine kana isina rotary heat exchangers uye adiabatic kutonhora chikamu. Maedzo ari kuitwa zvakare nekutonhodzwa kwakananga nemhepo yekunze, asi mhinduro idzi hadzigone kunzi hunyanzvi. Kunge classical masisitimu, anosanganisira kutonhora kwemhepo kweIT michina, uye muganho wetekinoroji wekubudirira kwechirongwa chakadaro chave kuda kusvika.
Kumwe kudzikisira muPUE (chiyero chekushandiswa kwesimba rose kune simba rekushandisa kweIT michina) ichauya kubva kumvura kutonhora zvirongwa zviri kuwana mukurumbira. Pano zvakakodzera kuyeuka iyo yakatangwa neMicrosoft kugadzira modular yepasi pemvura data centers, pamwe nepfungwa yeGoogle yekuyangarara data centers. Iwo mazano ehofori dzetekinoroji achiri kure nekuitwa kwemaindasitiri, asi mashoma akanakisa emvura kutonhora masisitimu ari kutoshanda pazvinhu zvakasiyana kubva kuTop500 supercomputers kusvika micro-data center.
Munguva yekubata kutonhora, yakakosha kupisa sinks yakaiswa mumidziyo, mukati meiyo mvura inotenderera. Kunyudza kutonhodza masisitimu anoshandisa dielectric inoshanda fluid (kazhinji mineral oil) uye inogona kuitwa seyakavharwa chigaba kana sedzimba dzega dzemakomputa module. Boiling (two-phase) masisitimu pakuona kwekutanga akafanana neakadzika. Vanoshandisawo zvinwiwa zvedielectric pakubata nemagetsi, asi pane musiyano wakakosha - mvura inoshanda inotanga kufashaira patembiricha ingangoita 34 Β° C (kana kukwira zvishoma). Kubva mukosi yefizikisi tinoziva kuti maitiro anoitika nekutorwa kwesimba, tembiricha inomira kukwira uye nekumwe kudziya mvura inobuda, i.e. shanduko yechikamu inoitika. Pamusoro pechigadziko chakavharwa, mhute dzinosangana neradiator uye condense, uye madonhwe anodzokera kune yakajairika reservoir. Liquid kutonhora masisitimu anogona kuwana akanakisa PUE kukosha (kutenderera 1,03), asi inoda yakakomba shanduko kumidziyo yemakomputa uye kubatana pakati pevagadziri. Nhasi vanoonekwa sevanonyanya kutsvagisa uye vanovimbisa.
Migumisiro
Kugadzira nzvimbo dzemazuva ano dzedata, nzira dzakawanda dzinonakidza dzetekinoroji dzakagadzirwa. Vagadziri vari kupa yakasanganiswa hyperconverged mhinduro, software-yakatsanangurwa network iri kuvakwa, uye kunyange nzvimbo dzedata pachadzo dziri kuita software-inotsanangurwa. Kuti vawedzere kushanda kwezvivakwa, ivo vanoisa kwete chete hunyanzvi hwekutonhodza masisitimu, asiwo DCIM-kirasi hardware uye software mhinduro, iyo inobvumira optimization mashandiro einjiniya zvivakwa zvichibva pane data kubva kune akawanda sensors. Zvimwe zvitsva hazvienderane nevimbiso yavo. Modular mudziyo mhinduro, semuenzaniso, hadzina kukwanisa kutsiva echinyakare data nzvimbo dzakagadzirwa nekongiri kana dzakagadzirwa simbi zvimiro, kunyangwe dzichishandiswa zvine simba uko komputa simba rinoda kuendeswa nekukurumidza. Panguva imwecheteyo, nzvimbo dzechinyakare dzedata pachadzo dzinova modular, asi padanho rakasiyana zvachose. Kufambira mberi muindasitiri kunokurumidza, kunyangwe pasina tekinoroji kusvetuka - hutsva hwatakataura hwakatanga kuoneka pamusika makore akati wandei apfuura. 2019 haizove inosarudzika mupfungwa iyi uye haizounze mabudiro ari pachena. Muzera redhijitari, kunyangwe iyo yakanakisa kugadzirwa inokurumidza kuve yakajairika tekinoroji mhinduro.
Source: www.habr.com