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Alpine inounganidza Docker inovaka yePython 50 nguva inononoka, uye mifananidzo inorema kaviri.

Alpine inounganidza Docker inovaka yePython 50 nguva inononoka, uye mifananidzo inorema kaviri.

Alpine Linux inowanzo kurudzirwa seyakadzika mufananidzo weDocker. Iwe unoudzwa kuti kushandisa Alpine kuchaita kuti zvivakwa zvako zvidiki uye maitiro ako ekuvaka nekukurumidza.

Asi kana iwe ukashandisa Alpine Linux yePython application, zvino:

  • Inoita kuti zvigadziriso zvako zvive zvishoma
  • Inoita kuti mifananidzo yako ikure
  • Kutambisa nguva yako
  • Uye pakupedzisira zvinogona kukonzera kukanganisa munguva yekumhanya


Ngatitarisei kuti nei Alpine ichikurudzirwa, asi nei uchiri kusafanira kuishandisa nePython.

Sei vanhu vachikurudzira Alpine?

Ngatifungei kuti tinoda gcc sechikamu chemufananidzo wedu uye tinoda kuenzanisa Alpine Linux vs Ubuntu 18.04 maererano nekumhanya kwekuvaka uye saizi yekupedzisira yemufananidzo.

Kutanga, ngatitorei mifananidzo miviri uye tienzanise hukuru hwayo:

$ docker pull --quiet ubuntu:18.04
docker.io/library/ubuntu:18.04
$ docker pull --quiet alpine
docker.io/library/alpine:latest
$ docker image ls ubuntu:18.04
REPOSITORY          TAG        IMAGE ID         SIZE
ubuntu              18.04      ccc6e87d482b     64.2MB
$ docker image ls alpine
REPOSITORY          TAG        IMAGE ID         SIZE
alpine              latest     e7d92cdc71fe     5.59MB

Sezvauri kuona, iyo yekutanga mufananidzo weAlpine idiki zvakanyanya. Ngatiedzei kuisa gcc uye titange neUbuntu:

FROM ubuntu:18.04
RUN apt-get update && 
    apt-get install --no-install-recommends -y gcc && 
    apt-get clean && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*

Kunyora iyo Dockerfile yakakwana inodarika chiyero chechinyorwa ichi.

Ngatiyere kumhanya kwegungano:

$ time docker build -t ubuntu-gcc -f Dockerfile.ubuntu --quiet .
sha256:b6a3ee33acb83148cd273b0098f4c7eed01a82f47eeb8f5bec775c26d4fe4aae

real    0m29.251s
user    0m0.032s
sys     0m0.026s
$ docker image ls ubuntu-gcc
REPOSITORY   TAG      IMAGE ID      CREATED         SIZE
ubuntu-gcc   latest   b6a3ee33acb8  9 seconds ago   150MB

Isu tinodzokorora zvakafanana kune Alpine (Dockerfile):

FROM alpine
RUN apk add --update gcc

Tinoungana, tarisai nguva nekukura kwegungano:

$ time docker build -t alpine-gcc -f Dockerfile.alpine --quiet .
sha256:efd626923c1478ccde67db28911ef90799710e5b8125cf4ebb2b2ca200ae1ac3

real    0m15.461s
user    0m0.026s
sys     0m0.024s
$ docker image ls alpine-gcc
REPOSITORY   TAG      IMAGE ID       CREATED         SIZE
alpine-gcc   latest   efd626923c14   7 seconds ago   105MB

Sezvakavimbiswa, mifananidzo yeAlpine-based inounganidzwa nekukurumidza uye idiki: masekonzi gumi nemashanu pachinzvimbo che15 uye saizi yemufananidzo ndeye 30MB maringe ne105MB. Zvakanaka!

Asi kana tikachinja pakuvaka Python application, saka zvese hazvina kunaka.

Python mufananidzo

Python application inowanzo shandisa pandas uye matplotlib. Naizvozvo, imwe sarudzo kutora iyo yepamutemo Debian-yakavakirwa mufananidzo uchishandisa iyi Dockerfile:

FROM python:3.8-slim
RUN pip install --no-cache-dir matplotlib pandas

Ngatizviunganidze:

$ docker build -f Dockerfile.slim -t python-matpan.
Sending build context to Docker daemon  3.072kB
Step 1/2 : FROM python:3.8-slim
 ---> 036ea1506a85
Step 2/2 : RUN pip install --no-cache-dir matplotlib pandas
 ---> Running in 13739b2a0917
Collecting matplotlib
  Downloading matplotlib-3.1.2-cp38-cp38-manylinux1_x86_64.whl (13.1 MB)
Collecting pandas
  Downloading pandas-0.25.3-cp38-cp38-manylinux1_x86_64.whl (10.4 MB)
...
Successfully built b98b5dc06690
Successfully tagged python-matpan:latest

real    0m30.297s
user    0m0.043s
sys     0m0.020s

Isu tinowana mufananidzo we363MB muhukuru.
Tichaita zvirinani neAlpine? Ngatiedze:

FROM python:3.8-alpine
RUN pip install --no-cache-dir matplotlib pandas


$ docker build -t python-matpan-alpine -f Dockerfile.alpine .                                 
Sending build context to Docker daemon  3.072kB                                               
Step 1/2 : FROM python:3.8-alpine                                                             
 ---> a0ee0c90a0db                                                                            
Step 2/2 : RUN pip install --no-cache-dir matplotlib pandas                                                  
 ---> Running in 6740adad3729                                                                 
Collecting matplotlib                                                                         
  Downloading matplotlib-3.1.2.tar.gz (40.9 MB)                                               
    ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:                                            
     command: /usr/local/bin/python -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'/
tmp/pip-install-a3olrixa/matplotlib/setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'/tmp/pip-install-a3olrixa/matplotlib/setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'rn'"'"', '"'"'n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' egg_info --egg-base /tmp/pip-install-a3olrixa/matplotlib/pip-egg-info                              

...
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1: python setup.py egg_info Check the logs for full command output.
The command '/bin/sh -c pip install matplotlib pandas' returned a non-zero code: 1

Chii chiri kuitika?

Alpine haitsigire mavhiri

Kana iwe ukatarisa pakuvaka, iyo yakavakirwa paDebian, uchaona kuti inorodha matplotlib-3.1.2-cp38-cp38-manylinux1_x86_64.whl.

Iyi ibhinary yevhiri. Alpine inodhawunirodha zvinyorwa `matplotlib-3.1.2.tar.gz` sezvo isingatsigiri mureza mavhiri.

Sei? Mazhinji ekugovera Linux anoshandisa iyo GNU vhezheni (glibc) yeC standard raibhurari, iyo inodiwa nechero chirongwa chakanyorwa muC, kusanganisira Python. Asi Alpine inoshandisa `musl`, uye sezvo iwo mabhinari akagadzirirwa `glibc`, haisiriyo sarudzo.

Naizvozvo, kana ukashandisa Alpine, unofanirwa kuunganidza kodhi yese yakanyorwa muC mune yega yega Python package.

Ehe, hongu, iwe uchafanirwa kutsvaga runyorwa rwezvese zvinotsamira zvakadaro zvinoda kuunganidzwa iwe pachako.
Muchiitiko chino, tinowana:

FROM python:3.8-alpine
RUN apk --update add gcc build-base freetype-dev libpng-dev openblas-dev
RUN pip install --no-cache-dir matplotlib pandas

Uye nguva yekuvaka inotora ...

... 25 maminitsi 57 masekondi! Uye saizi yemufananidzo i851MB.

Mifananidzo yeAlpine-based inotora nguva yakareba kuti ivake, yakakura muhukuru, uye iwe uchiri kuda kutsvaga zvese zvinotsamira. Iwe unogona zvechokwadi kuderedza saizi yegungano uchishandisa multi-stage anovaka asi zvinoreva kuti basa rakawanda rinoda kuitwa.

Izvo hazvisi zvese!

Alpine inogona kukonzera zvisingatarisirwi tsikidzi munguva yekumhanya

  • Mupfungwa, musl inowirirana ne glibc, asi mukuita misiyano inogona kukonzera matambudziko mazhinji. Uye kana vakadaro, zvimwe vangave vasingafadzi. Heano mamwe matambudziko anogona kuitika:
  • Alpine ine diki shinda stack saizi nekukasira, izvo zvinogona kutungamira zvikanganiso muPython
  • Vamwe vashandisi vakawana izvozvo Python applications inononoka nekuda kwenzira iyo musl inogovera ndangariro (yakasiyana neglibc).
  • Mumwe wevashandisi wakawana kukanganisa pakufomatidza zuva

Chokwadi zvikanganiso izvi zvakatogadziriswa, asi ndiani anoziva kuti zvichave zvakawanda sei.

Usashandise Alpine mifananidzo yePython

Kana iwe usingade kunetsa neakakura uye akareba anovaka, uchitsvaga kutsamira uye zvingangoitika zvikanganiso, usashandise Alpine Linux seyakadzika mufananidzo. Kusarudza yakanaka base image.

Source: www.habr.com

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