California kambani Ampere yakaunza iyo indasitiri yekutanga 80-core ARM server processor yakavakirwa pa64-bit architecture Ampere Altra.

Kwemakore akati wandei ikozvino, nyanzvi dzave dzichifanotaura kuti iyo ARM chikuva ichakwikwidza ne x86 munzvimbo dze data, asi izvi hazvisi kuitika. Pakupera kwa2019 ikoko Intel inotonga nechikamu che95,5%, AMD ine 4,5%.

Nekudaro, iyo nyowani ARM processor muSPECrate 2017 integer bhenji inoratidza kushanda kwepamusoro kupfuura inokurumidza 64-musimboti AMD EPYC kana yepamusoro makumi maviri nemasere Xeon yemhuri yeCascade Lake. Ichi chatova chirevo chakakomba (kunyangwe mabhenji mhedzisiro "yakamonyaniswa", ona pazasi).

Kubatsira kukuru kweARM ndiko kushanda kwesimba, izvo, netsanangudzo, hazvigone kuenzaniswa ne x86 processors nekuda kwekuvaka. Iyo 80-core Ampere Altra ine TDP ye45-210 W uye wachi yekumhanya ye3 GHz.

Ampere anotenda kuti shinda imwe pamusimboti pachinzvimbo chembiri inotungamira kuchengetedzeka kukuru nekuti dhizaini iyi inodzivirira zvirinani macores kubva kudivi-chiteshi kurwisa seMeltdown uye Specter.

Iyo processor yakagadzirirwa sevha application senge data analytics, artificial intelligence, dhatabhesi, chengetedzo, telecom stacks, edge computing, web hosting uye Cloud application. Kunyanya kumashini ekudzidza maapplication, tsigiro yehardware yeFP16 (hafu-chaiyo manhamba) uye INT8 (imwe-byte integer inomiririra) mafomati edata akaitwa. Iko kune zvakare hardware kukwidziridzwa kweAES uye SHA-256 hashing.

Iwo machipisi anogadzirwa kuTSMC chirimwa uchishandisa 7 nm process tekinoroji. Iwo ekutanga CPU samples akatotumirwa kune vangangove vatengi, uye kugadzirwa kwakawanda kwakarongwa kutanga pakati pa2020.

Ampere CEO uye aimbove Mutungamiriri weIntel Renée James akatanga Ampere Computing muna Gumiguru 2017 pahwaro hweiyo bankrupt Applied Micro Circuits Corporation (1979-2017), iyo yakagadzirawo ARM server processors. Kunyanya, muna 2011 yakaunza iyo 64-bit X-Gene chikuva chakavakirwa paARMv8-A.

James parizvino anosanganisa zvinzvimbo zveCEO uye Sachigaro weBhodi reVatungamiriri veAmpere Computing nechinzvimbo cheMutevedzeri waSachigaro weNational Security Telecommunications Advisory Committee, inopa zano Mutungamiriri weUnited States.

Ini ndinoshamisika kuti yakabudirira sei kuedza kutsva kwekuunza maARM processors kumusika server kuchave.

"Takaburitsa processor ine nhamba yepamusoro yemacores pamusika," anoti James. "Iye zvino tazvitumira [kuti zviedzwe] kune vamwe vanopa makore makuru muindastiri... Ndinofunga vanhu vachashamisika. [Unyanzvi hwekare] hunogara huchitsiviwa nechimwe chinhu chitsva. Uye kana zvisiri kubva kune kambani iripo, saka kubva kune itsva. Zvinofadza zvikuru kushanda pane zvandinoona sechikamu chinotevera cheindasitiri. "

Paive nekutaura kwakawanda nezve 64-bit ARM server machipisi mumakore apfuura, apo AMD uye yambotaurwa Applied Micro vakaedza kugadzira ma processor akafanana. Asi makambani aya akakundikana. AMD yakavhara chirongwa chayo cheARM, uye Applied Micro's assets dzakatengeswa Macom kambani. Muna 2017, Carlyle Group yakatenga chikamu chayo cheArM processor. Chibvumirano chakavharwa mukupera kwa2019, uye James akatora chigaro cheMukuru wekambani nyowani, achisiya chinzvimbo chake seCOO kuCarlyle Group.

Maviri Ampere server mapuratifomu: Mt. Jade uye Mt. Snow

Ampere Altra's single-threaded cores uye "dense, simba-rinoshanda maseva" anogona kuvakwa paCPUs akadaro achabvumira vatengi "kuwedzera huwandu hwemasevhisi avanogona kuendesa mugore," kambani yakadaro.

Iyo Ampere Altra processor yakavakirwa pachikuva ARM Neoverse N1. Mhinduro yakanaka pamaseva matsva yakagamuchirwa kubva kune mainjiniya kuMicrosoft Azure, Oracle, Canonical, VMware, Kinvolk, Packet, Lenovo, Gigabyte, Wiwynn naMicron, vese vakadudzwa mukuburitswa kwenhau.

Server Mt. Jade yemapurosesa maviri (160 cores): data analytics, database, web

Kambani iyi inoti software yakagadzirira kushanda neAmpere Altra: "Chinhu chikuru pari zvino ndechekuti kana ukatarisa ese matara, OS layer, zvese kubva kuLinux kuenda kuBSD kuenda kuWindows zvese zvinotsigira ARM," anodaro Jeff Wittich Wittich, Mutevedzeri weMutungamiriri Mukuru weZvigadzirwa kuAmpere. -Kuita virtualization, isu tine rutsigiro rweKubernetes, Docker, VMware uye KBM. Zvose zvinotsigirwa ikoko. Padanho rekushandisa, zvese zvinoshanda mugore nhasi zvinotoshanda pano. "

Server Mt. Chando pane imwe processor: edge computing, telecommunication services, webhu, kuchengetedza data

Specs

• processor subsystem
  • 80 ARM v8.2+ 64-bit cores yakavharwa kusvika ku3,0 GHz ine Sustained Turbo, inowedzera mamwe magadzirirwo kubva kuARM v8.3 uye v8.4
  • 1 KB L64 I-cache, 1 KB L64 D-cache per core, 2 MB L1 cache per core, 32 MB shared system level cache (SLC)
  • Kaviri-hupamhi (128-bit) SIMD (Imwechete Instruction, Multiple Data) nhanho yekuraira
  • Kubatana kwakabatana mune mesh network
• System memory
  • 8x 72-bit DDR4-3200 chiteshi
  • ECC, Symbol-based ECC, DDR4 RAS
  • Kusvika gumi nematanhatu DIMM uye 16 TB pasoketi
• System zviwanikwa
  • Kukanganisa kwakazara virtualization (GICv3)
  • Yakazara I/O virtualization (SMMUv3)
  • Enterprise server kirasi RAS (Kuvimbika, Kuwanikwa, Kushanda) kuvimbika
• Network
  • 128 PCIe Gen4 nzira
    • 8 x8 PCIe + 4 x16 PCIe/CCIX nerutsigiro rweYakawedzerwa Speed ​​​​Mode (ESM) yekufambisa data pa20/25 GT/s (gigatransactions pasekondi)
    • 48 controller kutsigira kusvika ku32 x2 kubatana
  • 192 mitsetse mu 2P gadziriro
  • Multiple socket rutsigiro
  • 4 mitsetse x16 CCIX
• Kupisa Range - kubva 0°C kusvika +90°C
• Power supply
  • CPU: 0,80 V, DDR4: 1,2 V
  • I/O: 3,3V/1,8V, SerDes PLL: 1,8V
• Kutarisira simba -Dynamic chiyero, Turbo Gen2, undervoltage dziviriro
• Housing – 4926-pini FCLGA
• Kugadzirwa - FinFET 7 nm tekinoroji

Benchmarks

Jeff Wittich anoti Ampere processor inoita 4% zvirinani pane AMD inokurumidza EPYC processor mumabhenji uye inoshandisa 14% shoma simba. Tiri kutaura nezve 64-musimboti EPYC processor
7742 ine TDP ye225 W uye mutengo we6950 $. Iyi ndiyo yakanyanya simba mumhuri yeEPYC 2 processor yakavakirwa paZen 2 microarchitecture. Mhuri yakasumwa muna Nyamavhuvhu 2019.

Wittich akaitawo kuenzanisa ne28-core Xeon processor yemhuri yeCascade Lake. Iyo Ampere Altra processor yakaipfuura ne "2,23 nguva mukuita uye 2,11 nguva mukushanda kwesimba." Pano kuita kwakaenzaniswa ne28-core Xeon Platinum 8280 (205 W), uye kushanda kwesimba kwakaverengerwa pakati pepakati.

Iyo Ampere Altra processor inonzi yakakwira pamusoro pe2017 muSPECrate 259 integer benchmark. tafura yemigumisiro izvi zvakaderera pane peak performance yeASUS RS720A-E9(KNPP-D32) Server System (2.20 GHz, AMD EPYC 7601) uye ASUS RS500A-E10(KRPA-U16) Server System 2.25 GHz, AMD EPYC 7742.

Nekudaro, mukuenzanisa kwekuita, Ampere yakashandisa chikamu che 0,85 kune mhedzisiro ye AMD nekuda kwekushandiswa kweiyo AMD64 compiler suite kuunganidza iyo benchmark kodhi, zvichienzaniswa neGCC 8.2 yayaishandisa pachayo, sezvo iyo AMD C/C++ compiler inogadzira yakanyanya optimized. kodhi kupfuura GCC paARM.

Kunyangwe zvakadaro tweaks kune bhenji, Ampere Altra inotaridzika zvakanyanya maererano nekuita uye kushanda nesimba. Iyo yakajairwa 42U server rack ine 12,5 kW magetsi inogona kurongedza anenge zviuru zvitatu nemazana mashanu processor cores, ichichengetedza watts pamusimboti.

Uye aya angori mavambo. Jeff Wittich akataura kuti mugore pachave nechimwe chigadzirwa pamusika, codenamed Mystique, umo Ampere ichawedzera kuwedzera huwandu hwemacores.

Mystique inotsigira imwechete socket, saka hapazove nechikonzero chekutsiva mamabhodhi. Chizvarwa chinotevera Siryn SoC chakarongerwa kuburitswa muna 2022.

Mumakore achangopfuura, takaona kuyedza kwakati wandei kuburitsa ARM server processors kubva kumakambani akasiyana: Broadcom/Cavium/Marvell, Calxeda, Huawei, Fujitsu, Phytium, Annapurna/Amazon uye AppliedMicro/Ampere. Zvizhinji zvekuedza uku hakuna kubudirira. Asi pane zviratidzo zvekuti zvinhu zviri kuchinja. Muna Zvita 2019, Amazon yakaunzwa mukugadzirwa maseva ane 64-core ARM processors graviton2 isystem-on-chip yakavakirwa pane imwechete musimboti ARM Neoverse N1 musimboti. Mune mamwe maedzo, zviitiko zveARM (M6g neM6gd) zvakaita zvirinani, uye dzimwe nguva zvirinani, pane x86.

MunaNovember 2019, zvakanzi iyo yekuAmerica inotanga Nuvia yakakwezva madhora 53 miriyoni mumari yekushambadzira. Iyo yekutanga yakavambwa nevatatu vaitungamira mainjiniya vaive nechekuita mukugadzira processors paApple neGoogle. Ivo zvakare vanovimbisa kuvandudza maseva processor ayo anokwikwidza neIntel ne AMD. By ruzivo rwuripoNuvia yakagadzira processor core kubva pasi kumusoro iyo inogona kuvakwa pamusoro peiyo ARM yekuvaka, asi pasina kuwana rezinesi reARM.

Zvese izvi zvinoratidza kuti RISC processors inogona kuwana application kwete chete munharembozha, asiwo mumaseva, pamwe nemakomputa emakomputa uye malaptop. Nenzira, kune makuhwa kuti Remangwana Apple MacBook laptops ichaburitswawo pane maARM processors.

Asi izvo, ichangoburwa iPad Pro modhi ine ARM A12X processors dzinenge dzine simba se15-inch MacBook Pro ine Core i7 uye Core i9 processors, saka kukwidziridzwa kwakadaro kungave zvine musoro.

Source: www.habr.com