Nhasi tichaongorora metrics ye disk subsystem mu vSphere. Dambudziko rekuchengetedza ndicho chikonzero chinowanzoitika chemuchina unononoka. Kana, munyaya yeCPU ne RAM, kugadzirisa dambudziko kunopera pazinga re hypervisor, saka kana pane matambudziko ne diski, iwe unogona kutarisana netiweki yedata uye kuchengetedza system.
Ini ndichakurukura musoro wenyaya ndichishandisa muenzaniso we block access kune ekuchengetedza masisitimu, kunyangwe yekuwana faira macounter anenge akafanana.
Chimwe chezvinyorwa
Kana tichitaura nezve mashandiro eiyo disk subsystem yemakina chaiwo, vanhu vanowanzo teerera kune matatu ane hukama ma paramita:
- nhamba yemabasa ekupinza / kubuda (Input / Output Operations Per Second, IOPS);
- throughput;
- kunonoka kwekupinza/kubuda mabasa (Latency).
Nhamba yeIOPS kazhinji yakakosha kune zvisina kujairika mabasa: kuwana kune disk blocks ari munzvimbo dzakasiyana. Muenzaniso wemutoro wakadaro unogona kuva dhatabhesi, bhizinesi rekushandisa (ERP, CRM), nezvimwe.
Bandwidth yakakosha kune inoteedzana mitoro: kupinda kune mabhuroko anowanikwa imwe mushure meimwe. Semuenzaniso, maseva efaira (asi kwete nguva dzose) uye vhidhiyo yekutarisa masisitimu anogona kuburitsa mutoro wakadaro.
Kuburikidza kunoenderana nehuwandu hwekuita kweI/O sezvizvi:
throughput = IOPS * Block size, uko saizi yeBlock ndiyo saizi yebhuroka.
Saizi yebhuroka chinhu chakakosha chakakosha. Shanduro dzemazuva ano dzeESXi dzinobvumira zvivharo kusvika 32 KB muhukuru. Kana iyo block yakatokura, inokamurwa kuita akati wandei. Haasi ese masisitimu ekuchengetedza anogona kushanda nemabhururu akadai, saka kune DiskMaxIOSize parameter muESXi Advanced Settings. Kuishandisa, unogona kuderedza iyo yakakura block saizi yakarukwa ne hypervisor (mamwe ruzivo ) Ndisati ndachinja iyi parameter, ini ndinokurudzira kuti ubvunze neanogadzira sisitimu yekuchengetera kana kumboyedza shanduko pabhenji rerabhoritari.
Saizi yakakura yebhuroka inogona kuve nemhedzisiro inokuvadza pakuita kwekuchengetedza. Kunyangwe iyo nhamba yeIOPS uye kubuda kuri kudiki, yakakwira latencies inogona kucherechedzwa nehukuru hwebhuroka. Saka, teerera kune iyi parameter.
Latency - iyo inonyanya kunakidza kuita parameter. Iyo I/O latency yemuchina chaiwo une:
- kunonoka mukati me hypervisor (KAVG, Avhareji Kernel MilliSec / Read);
- kunonoka kunopihwa nedata network uye kuchengetedza system (DAVG, Avhareji Mutyairi MilliSec/Command).
Yakazara latency inoonekwa mumushanyi OS (GAVG, Avhareji yeGuest MilliSec/Command) ihuwandu hweKAVG neDAVG.
GAVG neDAVG zvinoyerwa uye KAVG inoverengerwa: GAVGβDAVG.
Ngatinyatsoongororai KAVG. Panguva yekushanda kwakajairwa, KAVG inofanirwa kuita zero kana kunge iri shoma pane DAVG. Mhosva chete yandinoziva yekuti KAVG inotarisirwa kukwirisa kupi ndiyo muganho weIOPS paVM disk. Muchiitiko ichi, paunoedza kudarika muganhu, KAVG ichawedzera.
Icho chinonyanya kukosha chikamu cheKAVG iQAVG - iyo yekugadzirisa mutsara nguva mukati me hypervisor. Izvo zvakasara zvikamu zveKAVG hazvina basa.
Mutsara mudhisiki adapta mutyairi uye mutsara kumwedzi une saizi yakatarwa. Kune nzvimbo dzakaremerwa zvakanyanya, zvinogona kubatsira kuwedzera ukuru uku. inotsanangura nzira yekuwedzera mitsetse mumutyairi weadapter (panguva imwe chete mutsara kumwedzi uchawedzera). Kurongeka uku kunoshanda kana VM imwe chete iri kushanda nemwedzi, izvo zvisingawanzo. Kana paine akati wandei maVM pamwedzi, iwe unofanirwawo kuwedzera parameter Disk.SchedNumReqOutstanding (mirayiridzo ) Nekuwedzera mutsara, iwe unoderedza QAVG neKAVG zvakateerana.
Asi zvakare, tanga waverenga zvinyorwa kubva kumutengesi weHBA uye edza shanduko pabhenji rebhu.
Hukuru hwemutsetse kuenda kumwedzi hunogona kukanganiswa nekuiswa kweSIOC (Storage I/O Control) mechanism. Inopa mukana wakafanana kumwedzi kubva kumaseva ese ari musumbu nekuchinja zvine simba mutsara kuenda kumwedzi pamaseva. Ndokunge, kana imwe yemauto ichimhanyisa VM inoda kusaenzana huwandu hwekuita (ine ruzha muvakidzani VM), SIOC inoderedza kureba kwemutsetse kuenda kumwedzi pane ino host (DQLEN). Mamwe mashoko .
Isu takarongedza KAVG, ikozvino zvishoma nezve DAVG. Zvese zviri nyore pano: DAVG ndiko kunonoka kwakaunzwa nekunze nharaunda (data network uye yekuchengetedza system). Yese yemazuva ano uye isiri yemazuva ano yekuchengetedza system ine yayo yekuverengera madhizaini. Kuongorora matambudziko neDAVG, zvine musoro kuzvitarisa. Kana zvese zvakanaka pane ESXi nedivi rekuchengetedza, tarisa data network.
Kuti udzivise matambudziko ekuita, sarudza iyo chaiyo Path Selection Policy (PSP) yekuchengetedza yako system. Anenge ese emazuvano ekuchengetera masisitimu anotsigira PSP Round-Robin (ine kana isina ALUA, Asymmetric Logical Unit Access). Iyi mutemo inokutendera iwe kushandisa ese aripo nzira kune yekuchengetedza system. Panyaya yeALUA, nzira chete dzemutongi ane mwedzi ndidzo dzinoshandiswa. Haasi ese ekuchengetedza masisitimu paESXi ane default mitemo inoisa iyo Round-Robin mutemo. Kana pasina mutemo wegadziriro yako yekuchengetedza, shandisa plugin kubva kumugadziri wegadziriro yekuchengetedza, iyo ichagadzira mutemo unoenderana nevose mauto musumbu, kana kugadzira mutemo iwe pachako. Details .
Uyewo, vamwe vagadziri vegadziriro yekuchengetedza vanokurudzira kushandura nhamba yeIOPS nenzira kubva pachiyero chechiyero che 1000 kusvika ku 1. Mukuita kwedu, izvi zvakaita kuti zvikwanisike "kusvina" mamwe maitiro kunze kwegadziriro yekuchengetedza uye kuderedza zvakanyanya nguva inodiwa kuti ipere. muchiitiko chekutadza kwemutongi kana kugadzirisa. Tarisa zvinokurudzirwa nemutengesi, uye kana pasina contraindications, edza kuchinja iyi parameter. Details .
Basic virtual muchina dhisiki subsystem performance counters
Disk subsystem performance counters muvCenter inounganidzwa muDatastore, Disk, Virtual Disk zvikamu:
chidimbu data store kune ma metrics evSphere disk storages (datastores) pane maVM disks aripo. Pano iwe unowana zviyero zvakajairwa zve:
- IOPS (Avhareji yekuverenga / kunyora zvikumbiro pasekondi),
- Kubuda (Kuverenga/Kunyora mwero),
- kunonoka (Verenga/Nyora/Yakanyanya latency).
Muchidimbu, zvinhu zvose zvakajeka kubva pamazita emakata. Rega ndikukwevera pfungwa dzako zvakare kune chokwadi chekuti nhamba dziri pano hadzisi dzeVM chaiyo (kana VM dhisiki), asi huwandu hwese hwese datastore. Sekuona kwangu, zviri nyore kutarisa zviverengero izvi muESXTOP, zvirinani zvichibva pakuti nguva shoma yekuyera pane masekonzi maviri.
chidimbu dhisiki kune metrics pane block zvishandiso zvinoshandiswa neVM. Kune zviverengero zveIOPS zvemhando yechidimbu (nhamba yekupinza/kubuda mashandiro panguva yekuyera) uye akati wandei ane hukama nekuvhara kupinda (Mirairo yakabviswa, Bhazi reset). Sekuona kwangu, zvakare zviri nyore kuona ruzivo urwu muESXTOP.
Chikamu Virtual Disk - inonyanya kubatsira kubva pakuona kwekutsvaga matambudziko ekuita kweVM disk subsystem. Pano iwe unogona kuona kuita kwega yega yega dhisiki. Irwo ruzivo urwu runodiwa kuti unzwisise kana imwe virtual muchina ine dambudziko. Pamusoro pemakaunda akajairwa ehuwandu hwekushanda kweI/O, verenga/nyora vhoriyamu uye kunonoka, chikamu chino chine zviverengero zvinobatsira zvinoratidza saizi yebhuroko: Verenga/Nyora saizi yekukumbira.
Mumufananidzo uri pasi apa pane girafu yeVM disk performance, kwaunogona kuona nhamba yeIOPS, latency uye block size.
Iwe unogona zvakare kuona maitiro ekuita kwese datastore kana SIOC ikagoneswa. Heino ruzivo rwekutanga paavhareji Latency uye IOPS. Nekusagadzikana, ruzivo urwu runogona kungoonekwa munguva chaiyo.
ESXTOP
ESXTOP ine akati wandei masikirini anopa ruzivo pane iyo host disk subsystem seyakazara, yega yega madhisiki mashini nemadhisiki avo.
Ngatitange neruzivo rwemashini chaiwo. Iyo "Disk VM" skrini inodanwa kumusoro ne "v" kiyi:
NVDISK ndiyo nhamba yeVM disks. Kuti uone ruzivo rwedhisiki rega rega, tinya "e" uye isa iyo GID yeVM yekufarira.
Zvinorehwa nemaparamita asara pachiratidziro ichi zvakajeka kubva pamazita avo.
Chimwe chidzitiro chinobatsira kana kugadzirisa dambudziko ndeye Disk adapta. Inodanwa nekiyi "d" (minda A,B,C,D,E,G inosarudzwa pamufananidzo uri pazasi):
NPTH - nhamba yenzira dzinoenda kumwedzi dzinoonekwa kubva pane iyi adapta. Kuti uwane ruzivo rwenzira yega yega pane adapta, tinya "e" uye isa zita readapter:
AQLEN - yakakwira mutsara saizi pane adapta.
Zvakare pachiratidziro ichi pane zviverengero zvekunonoka zvandataura pamusoro apa: KAVG/cmd, GAVG/cmd, DAVG/cmd, QAVG/cmd.
Iyo Disk mudziyo skrini, iyo inodanwa kumusoro nekudzvanya "u" kiyi, inopa ruzivo pane yega block zvishandiso - mwedzi (minda A, B, F, G, ini ndakasarudzwa mumufananidzo uri pazasi). Pano unogona kuona mamiriro emutsetse wemwedzi.
DQLEN - saizi yemutsara kune block mudziyo.
ACTV - nhamba yeI / O mirairo muESXi kernel.
QUED - nhamba yeI/O mirairo mumutsara.
%USD - ACTV / DQLEN Γ 100%.
mutoro - (ACTV + QUED) / DQLEN.
Kana % USD yakakwira, unofanira kufunga kuwedzera mutsara. Iyo yakawanda mirairo mumutsara, iyo yakakwirira iyo QAVG uye, saizvozvo, iyo KAVG.
Iwe unogona zvakare kuona paDisiki mudziyo skrini kana VAAI (vStorage API yeArray Integration) iri kushanda pane yekuchengetedza system. Kuti uite izvi, sarudza minda A uye O.
Iyo VAAI michina inobvumidza iwe kuendesa chikamu chebasa kubva kune hypervisor zvakananga kune yekuchengetedza sisitimu, semuenzaniso, zeroing, kukopa zvidhinha kana kuvharira.
Sezvauri kuona pamufananidzo uri pamusoro, VAAI inoshanda pane ino yekuchengetedza sisitimu: Zero uye ATS maprimitives ari kushingaira kushandiswa.
Mazano ekugadzirisa basa nedhisiki subsystem paESXi
- Teerera kuhukuru hweblock.
- Isa iyo yakakwana saizi yemutsetse paHBA.
- Usakanganwa kugonesa SIOC pane zvitoro.
- Sarudza PSP zvinoenderana nekurudziro yemugadziri wekuchengetedza system.
- Ita shuwa kuti VAAI iri kushanda.
Inobatsira zvinyorwa pamusoro wenyaya:
Source: www.habr.com