Sekuziva kunoita vaverengi vedu, Qrator.Radar iri kuongorora zvepasi rose kubatana kweBGP pamwe nekubatana kwedunhu. Sezvo "Internet" iri pfupi ye "interconnected networks" - "interconnected networks", nzira yakanakisisa yekuita kuti hutano hwepamusoro uye kukurumidza kwebasa rayo kuve kupfuma uye kwakasiyana-siyana kwekubatana kwehutano hwemunhu mumwe nomumwe, iyo kukura kwayo kunokurudzirwa zvikuru nemakwikwi.
Iko kukanganisa kushivirira kwekubatana kweInternet mune chero dunhu rakapihwa kana nyika kune hukama nehuwandu hwedzimwe nzira pakati peautonomous system - AS. Nekudaro, sezvatakadzokorora zvakare mu kusimba kwenyika kwezvikamu zveWAN, dzimwe nzira dzinove dzakakosha kupfuura dzimwe (semuenzaniso, nzira dzinoenda kuTier-1 transit providers kana ASs inotambira ane chiremera DNS maseva) - izvi zvinoreva kuti kuvapo kwedzimwe nzira dzakawanda sezvinobvira muPasi pasi chete nzira inoshanda yekuve nechokwadi chekuvimbika kweiyo system (mupfungwa yeAS).
Panguva ino, isu tichanyatsotarisisa mudziyo weInternet chikamu cheRussian Federation. Pane zvikonzero zvekuchengeta ziso pane chikamu ichi: maererano nedata rakapihwa neRIPE registrar database, 6183 ASs kubva pa88664 akanyoreswa pasi rose ndeyeRussian Federation, inova 6,87%.
Ichi chikamu chinoisa Russia pachinzvimbo chechipiri pasirese muchiratidzo ichi, mushure meUnited States (30,08% yeAS yakanyoreswa) uye pamberi peBrazil, iyo ine 6,34% yezvese masisitimu akazvimirira. Mhedzisiro inokonzerwa nekuchinja kwekubatana kweRussia, , zvinoenderana kana padivi pekubatanidza uku uye, pakupedzisira, pamwero weanenge chero mupi weInternet.
tsananguro
Dhiagiramu 1. Kugoverwa kwezvigadziriso masisitimu pakati penyika dziri muIPv4 neIPv6, pamusoro penyika makumi maviri
MuIPv4, ISPs kubva kuRussian Federation inoshambadza 33933 kubva pa774859 inooneka pasi rose network prefixes, inomiririra 4,38% uye inoisa chikamu cheInternet yeRussia pachinzvimbo chechishanu pachiyero ichi. Aya maprefixes, akaziviswa chete kubva muchikamu cheRU, anovhara 4,3 * 10 ^ 7 akasiyana IP kero kunze kwe2,9 * 10 ^ 9 yakaziviswa pasi rose - 1,51%, 11th nzvimbo.
Dhiagiramu 2. Kuparadzirwa kwetiweki prefixes pakati penyika dziri muIPv4, pamusoro penyika makumi maviri
Mukati meIPv6, maISPs anobva kuRussian Federation anozivisa 1831 kubva pa65532 prefixes inooneka pasi rose, inomiririra 2,79% nechinzvimbo chechinomwe. Aya maprefixes anovhara 7*1.3^10 yakasarudzika IPv32 kero kunze kwe6*1,5^10 yakaziviswa pasi rose - 34% ββuye 0,84th nzvimbo.
Dhiagiramu 3. Kuparadzirwa kwetiweki prefixes pakati penyika dziri muIPv6, pamusoro penyika makumi maviri
customized size
Imwe yenzira dzakawanda dzekuongorora kubatana uye kuvimbika kweInternet mune imwe nyika ndeyekuyera masisitimu akazvimirira edunhu rakapihwa nehuwandu hwezvakashambadzirwa prefixes. Iyi tekinoroji, zvisinei, iri panjodzi yenzira deaggregation, iyo inodzikamiswa zvishoma nezvishoma nekusefa zvakanyanyisa kudhirowa prefixes paISP michina, zvakanyanya nekuda kwekugara uye kusingadzivisike kukura kwematafura ekufambisa anogara mundangariro.
Pamusoro 20 IPv4
Pamusoro 20 IPv6
ASN
AS Zita
Nhamba ye prefixes
ASN
AS Zita
Nhamba ye prefixes
2279
56
1283
51
1197
30
930
26
521
20
44050
PIN AS
366
42385
RIPN
20
197695
AS-REGRU
315
51604
EKAT-AS
19
12772
ENFORTA AS
291
51819
YAR-AS
19
41704
OGS-AS
235
50543
SARATOV-AS
18
57129
EN-SERVERSGET-KRSK
225
52207
TULA-AS
18
31133
MF-MGSM-AS
216
206066
TELEMOM-AS
18
49505
SELECTEL
213
57026
CHEB-AS
18
12714
TI-AS
195
49037
MGL-AS
17
15774
TTK-RTL
193
41682
ERTH-TMN-AS
17
12418
QUANTUM
191
21191
ASN-SEVERTTK
16
50340
SELECTEL-MSK
188
41843
ERTH-OMSK-AS
15
28840
TATTELECOM AS
184
42682
ERTH-NNOV-AS
15
50113
SuperServersDatacenter
181
50498
LIPETSK AS
15
31163
MF-KAVKAZ-AS
176
50542
VORONEZH-AS
15
21127
ZSTTKAS
162
51645
IRKUTSK-AS
15
Tafura 1. AS saizi nenhamba yezvakashambadzirwa prefixes
Isu tinoshandisa saizi yakaunganidzwa yenzvimbo yekero yakashambadzirwa semetric yakasimba yekuenzanisa saizi yeanozvimiririra masisitimu, ayo anotaridza kugona kwayo uye nekukura kwaanogona kuyera. Iyi metric haina basa nguva dzose muIPv6 nekuda kweiyo ikozvino RIPE NCC IPv6 kero yekugovera kero uye iyo redundancy yakavakirwa muprotocol.
Zvishoma nezvishoma, mamiriro ezvinhu aya achave akaenzana nekukura kwekushandiswa kweIPv6 muchikamu cheRussia cheInternet uye nekuvandudzwa kwemaitiro ekushanda ne IPv6 protocol.
Pamusoro 20 IPv4
Pamusoro 20 IPv6
ASN
AS Zita
Nhamba ye IP kero
ASN
AS Zita
Nhamba ye IP kero
8994816
2.76*10^30
2228864
2.06*10^30
1206272
1.43*10^30
1162752
1.35*10^30
872608
1.27*10^30
31200
mugadziri
566272
34241
NCT-AS
1.27*10^30
42610
NCNET AS
523264
202984
team-host
1.27*10^30
25513
ASN-MGTS-USPD
414464
12695
DINET-AS
9.51*10^29
39927
Elight AS
351744
206766
INETTECH1-AS
8.72*10^29
20485
TRANSTELECOM
350720
20485
TRANSTELECOM
7.92*10^29
8342
RTCOMM-AS
350464
12722
RECONN
7.92*10^29
28840
TATTELECOM AS
336896
47764
mailru-as
7.92*10^29
8369
INTERSVYAZ-AS
326912
44050
PIN AS
7.13*10^29
28812
JSCBIS-AS
319488
45027
INETTECH AS
7.13*10^29
12332
PRIMORYE-AS
303104
3267
RUNNET
7.13*10^29
20632
PETERSTAR AS
284416
34580
UNITLINE_MSK_NET1
7.13*10^29
8615
CNT-AS
278528
25341
LINIYA-AS
7.13*10^29
35807
SkyNet-SPB-AS
275968
60252
OST-LLC-AS
7.13*10^29
3267
RUNNET
272640
28884
MR-SIB-MTSAS
6.73*10^29
41733
ZTELECOM AS
266240
42244
ESERVER
6.44*10^29
Tafura 2. AS saizi nenhamba yakashambadzirwa IP kero
Ose metrics - nhamba yeakashambadzirwa prefixes uye aggregate saizi yenzvimbo yekero - inogoneka kushandura. Kunyangwe isu hatina kuona maitiro akadaro kubva kune yakataurwa AS panguva yekudzidza.
Kubatana
Kune matatu makuru marudzi ehukama pakati peautonomous system:
β’ Mutengi: anobhadhara imwe AS yekufambisa kwemotokari;
β’ Peering partner: AS tichichinjanisa zvayo neyevatengi traffic mahara;
β’ Mubatsiri: anogashira mari yekufambisa mumigwagwa kubva kune mamwe maAS.
Kazhinji, marudzi aya ehukama akafanana kune chero maviri eInternet vanopa, iyo inosimbiswa munharaunda yeRussian Federation yatiri kufunga. Nekudaro, dzimwe nguva zvinoitika kuti maISP maviri ane marudzi akasiyana ehukama munzvimbo dzakasiyana, sekuchinjana mahara muEurope asi aine hukama hwekutengeserana muAsia.
Pamusoro 20 IPv4
Pamusoro 20 IPv6
ASN
AS Zita
Nhamba yevatengi mudunhu
ASN
AS Zita
Nhamba yevatengi mudunhu
818
94
667
82
589
77
467
72
313
70
20764
RASCOM AS
223
9049
ERTH-TRANSIT-AS
58
9049
ERTH-TRANSIT-AS
220
8359
MTS
51
8732
COMCOR AS
170
29076
CITYTELECOM AS
40
2854
ROSPRINT-AS
152
31500
GLOBALNET AS
32
29076
CITYTELECOM AS
143
3267
RUNNET
26
29226
MASTERTEL AS
143
25478
IHOME AS
22
28917
Fiord-AS
96
28917
Fiord-AS
21
25159
SONICDUO-AS
94
199599
CIREX
17
3267
RUNNET
93
29226
MASTERTEL AS
13
31500
GLOBALNET AS
87
8732
COMCOR AS
12
13094
SFO-IX-AS
80
35000
PROMETEY
12
31261
GARS-AS
80
49063
DTLN
11
25478
IHOME AS
78
42861
FOTONTELECOM
10
12695
DINET-AS
76
56534
PIRIX-INET-AS
9
8641
NAUKANET AS
73
48858
Milecom-as
8
Tafura 3. AS kubatana nehuwandu hwevatengi
Huwandu hwevatengi veiyo AS yakapihwa inoratidza basa rayo seyakananga mupi weInternet yekubatanidza masevhisi kune vatengi vekutengesa.
Pamusoro 20 IPv4
Pamusoro 20 IPv6
ASN
AS Zita
Nhamba yevanofambidzana navo mudunhu
ASN
AS Zita
Nhamba yevanofambidzana navo mudunhu
638
266
579
201
498
189
497
177
474
176
41268
LANTA-AS
432
3267
RUNNET
86
15672
TZTELECOM
430
31133
MF-MGSM-AS
78
39442
UNICO AS
424
60764
TK Telecom
74
39087
PAKT-AS
422
12389
ROSTELECOM AS
52
199805
UGO AS
418
42861
FOTONTELECOM
32
200487
FASTVPS
417
8359
MTS
28
41691
SUMTEL-AS-RIPE
399
20764
RASCOM AS
26
13094
SFO-IX-AS
388
20485
TRANSTELECOM
17
60357
MEGAGROUP AS
368
28917
Fiord-AS
16
41617
SOLID-IFC
347
31500
GLOBALNET AS
14
51674
Mehanika-AS
345
60388
TRANSNEFT-TELECOM-AS
14
49675
SKBKONTUR-AS
343
42385
RIPN
13
35539
INFOLINK-T-AS
310
3216
SOVAM-AS
12
42861
FOTONTELECOM
303
49063
DTLN
12
25227
ASN-AVANTEL-MSK
301
44843
OBTEL-AS
11
Tafura 4. AS yekubatanidza nehuwandu hwevamwe vezera
Huwandu hukuru hwevanofambidzana vanogona kuvandudza zvakanyanya kubatana kwedunhu rese. Zvakakosha, kunyange zvisingakoshi, Internet Exchanges (IX - Internet Exchange) - ISPs hombe kazhinji haitore chikamu mukutsinhana kwematunhu (nezvishoma zvinosarudzika zvakaita seNIXI) nekuda kwechimiro chebhizinesi ravo.
Kune mupi wezvemukati, huwandu hwevanofambidzana vanogona kushanda zvisina kunanga sechiratidzo chehuwandu hwetraffic inogadzirwa - kukurudzira kwekuchinjanisa mavhoriyamu makuru emahara chinhu chekukurudzira (chakakwana kune vazhinji vepaInternet vanopa) kuona munhu akakodzera. kune vekuonana navo mupi wemukati. Kune zvakare zviitiko zvakadzokororwa, kana vanopa zvemukati vasingatsigire mutemo wenhamba yakakosha yekubatana kwedunhu, izvo zvinoita kuti chiratidzo ichi chisanyanya kurongeka pakuongorora saizi yevanopa zvemukati, ndiko kuti, huwandu hwetraffic hwavanogadzira.
Pamusoro 20 IPv4
Pamusoro 20 IPv6
ASN
AS Zita
Saizi yekoni yemutengi
ASN
AS Zita
Saizi yekoni yemutengi
3083
335
2973
219
2587
205
2463
183
2318
166
8359
MTS
2293
3216
SOVAM-AS
143
20764
RASCOM AS
2251
8359
MTS
143
9049
ERTH-TRANSIT-AS
1407
3267
RUNNET
88
29076
CITYTELECOM AS
860
29076
CITYTELECOM AS
84
28917
Fiord-AS
683
28917
Fiord-AS
70
3267
RUNNET
664
9049
ERTH-TRANSIT-AS
65
25478
IHOME AS
616
31500
GLOBALNET AS
54
43727
KVANT-TELECOM
476
25478
IHOME AS
33
31500
GLOBALNET AS
459
199599
CIREX
24
57724
DDOS-GUARD
349
43727
KVANT-TELECOM
20
13094
SFO-IX-AS
294
39134
UNITEDNET
20
199599
CIREX
290
15835
MAP
15
29226
MASTERTEL AS
227
29226
MASTERTEL AS
14
201706
AS-SERVICEPIPE
208
35000
PROMETEY
14
8641
NAUKANET AS
169
49063
DTLN
13
Tafura 5. AS yekubatanidza nehukuru hwekoni yemutengi
Iyo client cone ndiyo seti yeese maAS anotsamira zvakananga kana zvisina kunanga pane inozvimiririra system iri mubvunzo. Kubva pakuona kwehupfumi, imwe neimwe AS mukati memutengi koni, zvakananga kana zvisina kunanga, mutengi anobhadhara. Padanho repamusoro, nhamba yeASs mukati memutengi koni, pamwe nenhamba yevatengi vakananga, chiratidzo chikuru chekubatanidza.
Chekupedzisira, isu takagadzirira iwe imwe tafura inoona yekubatanidza kune iyo RuNet musimboti. Nekunzwisisa chimiro cheiyo yedunhu yekubatanidza musimboti, zvichibva pahuwandu hwevatengi vakananga uye saizi yemutengi coni kune yega yega inozvimiririra system mudunhu, tinogona kuverenga kuti vari kure sei kubva kune makuru ekufambisa Internet vanopa mudunhu. Iyo yakaderera nhamba, iyo yakakwirira yekubatanidza. "1" zvinoreva kuti kune nzira dzese dzinoonekwa pane chinongedzo chakananga kunharaunda yepakati.
IPv4 yepamusoro 20
IPv6 yepamusoro 20
ASN
AS Zita
Kubatana rating
ASN
AS Zita
Kubatana rating
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.07
1.05
13238
YANDEX
1.1
8470
MAcomnet
1.17
3216
SOVAM-AS
1.11
12389
ROSTELECOM AS
1.19
48061
GPM-TECH-AS
1.11
41722
MIRAN-AS
1.2
31133
MF-MGSM-AS
1.11
8359
MTS
1.22
8359
MTS
1.12
60879
SYSTEMPROJECTS-AS
1.25
41268
LANTA-AS
1.13
41268
LANTA-AS
1.25
9049
ERTH-TRANSIT-AS
1.16
44020
CLN-AS
1.25
20485
TRANSTELECOM
1.18
29226
MASTERTEL AS
1.25
29076
CITYTELECOM AS
1.18
44943
RAMNET AS
1.25
12389
ROSTELECOM AS
1.23
12714
TI-AS
1.25
57629
IVI-RU
1.25
47764
mailru-as
1.25
48297
DoorHAN
1.25
44267
IESV
1.25
42632
MNOGOBYTE-AS
1.25
203730
SVIAZINVESTREGION
1.25
44020
CLN-AS
1.25
3216
SOVAM-AS
1.25
12668
CHISHAmiso-AS
1.25
24739
SEVEREN-TELECOM
1.29
Tafura 6. AS yekubatanidza nechinhambwe kuenda kunharaunda yekubatanidza musimboti
Chii chingaitwa kuvandudza kubatana kwese uye, semugumisiro, kugadzikana, kuvimbika uye kuchengeteka kwenyika ipi zvayo, iyo Russian Federation kunyanya? Heano mashoma mashoma ematanho:
- Kubviswa kwemutero uye mamwe mabhenefiti evashandi venzvimbo yenzvimbo dzekuchinjana traffic, pamwe nekuwana mahara kwavari;
- Kurerutsira kwemahara kana kuchipa kwevhu kwekuisa fiber optic mitsara yekukurukurirana;
- Kuitisa dzidziso uye kudzidziswa kwevashandi vehunyanzvi munzvimbo dziri kure, kusanganisira maworkshop uye mamwe mafomati ekudzidzisa maitiro akanaka eBGP. RIPE NCC inoronga mamwe acho, .
Iyo data yakapihwa pamusoro ipfupi kubva muongororo yakaitwa neQrator Labs pachikamu chechipiri chepamusoro cheInternet Internet chikamu cheRussian Federation (inozivikanwawo se "Runet") zvichibva pane yakavhurika data yakaunganidzwa uye yakagadziriswa mukati meprojekiti. . Kuratidzwa kwechidzidzo chakazara kunoziviswa sewekishopu (wekishopu) mukati muna Chikunguru. Chikumbiro che data yakafanana yezvikamu zvedzimwe nyika uye matunhu anogona kutumirwa kune e-mail kero .
Source: www.habr.com