Rodha Kuyera neAWS ELB

Mhoroi mose! Kosi inotanga nhasi "AWS yeVagadziri", maererano nezvatakabata inoenderana thematic webinar yakatsaurirwa kuongororo yeELB. Isu takatarisa mhando dzemabalancers uye takagadzira akati wandei EC2 zviitiko nebalancer. Takadzidzawo mimwe mienzaniso yekushandisa.

Mushure mekuteerera kune webinar, Iwe ucha:

• nzwisisa kuti chii chinonzi AWS Load Balancing;
• ziva mhando dzeElastic Load Balancer uye zvikamu zvayo;
• shandisa AWS ELB mukuita kwako.

Sei uchifanira kuziva izvi zvachose?

• inobatsira kana uri kuronga kutora AWS certification bvunzo;
• iyi inzira iri nyore yekugovera mutoro pakati pemaseva;
• Iyi inzira iri nyore yekuwedzera Lambda kune yako sevhisi (ALB).

Akaita chidzidzo chakavhurika Rishat Teregulov, masisitimu enjiniya pakambani yekushambadzira yekuvandudza webhusaiti uye kutsigirwa.

Nhanganyaya

Chii chinonzi Elastic Load Balancer chinogona kuonekwa mumufananidzo uri pazasi, unoratidza muenzaniso wakapfava:

Load Balancer inogamuchira zvikumbiro uye inozviparadzira muzviitiko zvese. Tine muenzaniso wakasiyana, kune Lambda mabasa uye kune AutoScaling boka (boka remaseva).

AWS ELB Mhando

1. Ngatitarisei mhando huru:

Classic Load Balancer. Iyo yekutanga yekuremedza chiyero kubva kuAWS, inoshanda pane ese OSI Layer 4 uye Layer 7, inotsigira HTTP, HTTPS, TCP uye SSL. Iyo inopa yakakosha kuyera kuyera kune akawanda maAmazon EC2 zviitiko uye inoshanda pane zvese zvekukumbira uye mazinga ekubatanidza. Ngatiivhure (yakaratidzwa negrey):

Iyi balancer inoonekwa seyechinyakare, saka inokurudzirwa kushandiswa chete mune zvimwe zviitiko. Semuenzaniso, kune maapplication akavakwa paEC2-Classic network. Muchidimbu, hapana ari kutitadzisa kuigadzira:

2. Network Load Balancer. Inokodzera basa rinorema, inoshanda paOSI Layer 4 (inogona kushandiswa muEKS neECS), TCP, UDP uye TLS inotsigirwa.

Network Load Balancer inoendesa traffic kune zvinangwa muAmazon VPC uye inokwanisa kugadzirisa mamirioni ezvikumbiro pasekondi ine yekupedzisira-yakaderera latency. Pamusoro pezvo, yakagadziridzwa kubata matraffic mapatani nekuerekana uye kuchinja mitoro.

3. Application Load Balancer. Inoshanda pane layer 7, ine Lambda rutsigiro, inotsigira musoro uye nzira nhanho mitemo, inotsigira HTTP neHTTPS.
Inopa yepamberi yekukumbira nzira yakanangana nekuendesa zvikumbiro zvakavakirwa pazvivakwa zvemazuva ano, kusanganisira mamicroservices nemidziyo. Inotungamira traffic kune zvinangwa muAmazon VPC zvichibva pane zviri mukati mekukumbira.

Kune vashandisi vazhinji, Application Load Balancer yaive sarudzo yekutanga kutsiva Classic Load Balancer, nekuti TCP haina kujairika seHTTP.

Ngatiigadzire zvakare, semhedzisiro yatichave tatova nemabharari maviri emutoro:

Rodha Balance Components

Common Load Balance Components (zvakajairika kune vese vanoenzanisa):

• Svika Logging Policy

- yako ELB yekuwana matanda. Kuti ugadzire marongero, unogona kuenda ku tsananguro uye wosarudza bhatani re "Gadzirisa maitiro":

Zvadaro tinotsanangura S3Bucket - Amazon chinhu chekuchengetedza:

• Scheme

- muchengeti wemukati kana wekunze. Icho chiripo ndechekuti LoadBalancer yako inofanirwa kugamuchira kero dzekunze kuitira kuti iwanikwe kubva kunze, kana inogona kunge iri yako yemukati mitoro yekuenzanisa;

• Mapoka Ekuchengetedza

- kudzora kwekuwana kune muenzanisi. Chaizvoizvo iyi ndeye yakakwirira-level firewall.

• Subnets

- subnets mukati meVPC yako (uye, maererano, nzvimbo inowanikwa). Subnets inotsanangurwa panguva yekugadzira. Kana maVPC akaganhurirwa nedunhu, saka Subnets inoganhurwa nenzvimbo dziripo. Paunenge uchigadzira Load Balancer, zviri nani kuigadzira mune angangoita maviri subnets (inobatsira kana matambudziko amuka neimwe Availability Zone);

• Vateereri

- yako balancer protocol. Sezvambotaurwa, nokuda kweClass Load Balancer inogona kuva HTTP, HTTPS, TCP uye SSL, yeNetwork Load Balancer - TCP, UDP uye TLS, yeApplication Load Balancer - HTTP neHTTPS.

Muenzaniso weClass Load Balancer:

Asi muApplication Load Balancer tinoona yati siyana siyana uye inowanzosiyana pfungwa:

Rodha Balancer v2 zvikamu (ALB neNLB)

Iye zvino ngatitarisei zvakanyanya kune shanduro 2 mabharari Application Load Balancer uye Network Load Balancer. Aya mabharanzi ane mativi avo echikamu. Semuenzaniso, pfungwa yakadai seTarget Groups yakaonekwa - zviitiko (uye mabasa). Tinotenda kune chikamu ichi, tine mukana wekutsanangura kuti ndeipi yeTarget Groups yatinoda kutungamira traffic.

Mumashoko akareruka, muTarget Groups tinotsanangura mamiriro acho apo traffic ichauya. Kana mune imwecheteyo yeClass Load Balancer iwe unongo batanidza kusimba kune iyo balancer, ipapo muApplication Load Balancer iwe kutanga:

• gadzira Load Balancer;
• gadzira Target group;
• tungamira kuburikidza nemadoko anodiwa kana Load Balancer mitemo kune inodiwa Target Mapoka;
• mumaTarge groups unopa zviitiko.

Iyi pfungwa yekushandisa ingaite seyakaoma, asi kutaura zvazviri zviri nyore.

Chikamu chinotevera ndeche Muteereri anotonga (mitemo yekufambisa). Izvi zvinoshanda chete kuApplication Load Balancer. Kana muNetwork Load Balancer unongogadzira Mutereri, uye inotumira traffic kune yakatarwa Target boka, ipapo muApplication Load Balancer zvese. kunakidza uye nyore.

Zvino ngatitaure mazwi mashoma pamusoro pechikamu chinotevera - Kwakavharwa IP (static kero dzeNLB). Kana Mutereri akatonga mitemo yekufambisa akanganisa chete Application Load Balancer, ipapo Elastic IP inongobata Network Load Balancer.

Ngatigadzire Network Load Balancer:

Uye panguva yekugadzira nzira tichaona kuti isu tinopihwa mukana wekusarudza Elastic IP:

Elastic IP inopa imwe kero yeIP iyo inogona kubatanidzwa neakasiyana EC2 zviitiko nekufamba kwenguva. Kana chiitiko cheEC2 chine Elastic IP kero uye iyo muenzaniso yakamiswa kana kumira, unogona kubva wabatanidza chiitiko chitsva cheEC2 neElastic IP kero. Nekudaro, yako yazvino application haizoregi kushanda, sezvo maapplication achiri kuona yakafanana IP kero, kunyangwe iyo chaiyo EC2 yachinja.

pano imwe nyaya yekushandisa pamusoro wekuti nei Elastic IP ichidikanwa. Tarisa, tinoona 3 IP kero, asi ivo havagare pano zvachose:

Amazon inovashandura nekufamba kwenguva, zvichida ose 60 seconds (asi mukuita, hongu, zvishoma kazhinji). Izvi zvinoreva kuti IP kero inogona kuchinja. Uye munyaya yeNetwork Load Balancer, unogona kungosunga IP kero uye kuiratidza mumitemo yako, mitemo, nezvimwe.

Dzokorora

ELB inopa otomatiki kugovera kweinouya traffic pane akati wandei zvinangwa (midziyo, Amazon EC2 zviitiko, IP kero, uye Lambda mabasa). ELB inokwanisa kugovera traffic ine mitoro yakasiyana-siyana mukati meimwe Yekuwanikwa Zone uye nepakati akawanda Availability Zone. Mushandisi anogona kusarudza kubva kumhando nhatu dzezviyereso zvinopa kuwanikwa kwepamusoro, autoscaling, uye kuchengetedzwa kwakanaka. Zvese izvi zvakakosha kuti uve nechokwadi chekutadza kushivirira kwekushandisa kwako.

Zvakanakira zvikuru:

• kuwanikwa kwepamusoro. Chibvumirano chesevhisi chinotora 99,99% kuwanikwa kwemutoro wemutoro. Semuenzaniso, akawanda Availability Zones anovimbisa kuti traffic inogadziriswa chete nezvinhu zvine hutano. Muchokwadi, iwe unogona kuenzanisa mutoro mudunhu rese, uchidzosera traffic kune hutano zvinangwa munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzekuwanikwa;
• kuchengeteka. ELB inoshanda neAmazon VPC, ichipa akasiyana chengetedzo masimba - yakasanganiswa setifiketi manejimendi, kusimbiswa kwemushandisi, uye SSL/TLS decryption. Zvese pamwe chete zvinopa centralized uye inoshanduka manejimendi yeTLS marongero;
• kusimba. Iyo ELB inogona kubata kamwe kamwe shanduko mu network traffic. Uye kusanganisa kwakadzama neAuto Scaling kunopa chishandiso chakaringana zviwanikwa kana mutoro ukachinja, pasina kuda kupindira kwemaoko;
• kuchinjika. Iwe unogona kushandisa IP kero kuendesa zvikumbiro kune zvinangwa zvekushandisa kwako. Izvi zvinopa kuchinjika kana uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchingedzo. Sezvo zvikumbiro zvichigona kushandisa imwe network chiteshi uye kuve nemapoka ekuchengetedza akaparadzana, kutaurirana pakati pezvishandiso kunorerutswa kana isu tine, toti, microservices-based architecture;
• kuongorora uye kuongorora. Unogona kutarisa maapplication munguva chaiyo uchishandisa Amazon CloudWatch maficha. Tiri kutaura nezve metrics, matanda, chikumbiro chekutevera. Nemashoko akareruka, iwe unozogona kuona matambudziko uye nekunongedza mabhodhoro ekuita nemazvo;
• hybrid load balancing. Iko kugona kurodha chiyero pakati pe-pane-zvivakwa zviwanikwa uye AWS uchishandisa yakafanana mitoro inoremedza inoita kuti zvive nyore kutama kana kuwedzera pane-nzvimbo maapplication kune gore. Kutadza kubata kunorerutswa uchishandisa gore.

Kana iwe uchifarira ruzivo, heano mamwe akati wandei anobatsira malink kubva kune yepamutemo Amazon webhusaiti:

1. Elastic Load Balancing.
2. Elastic Load Bancing kugona.

Source: www.habr.com