🥇Yemahara minecraft server paAWS ine zero ruzivo rweLinux

Mhoro, Habr! Kunyanya, makororo ari kutsvaga nzira yekumisikidza minecraft server yekutamba neshamwari.

Chinyorwa chakagadzirirwa vasiri-programmers, vasiri-sysadmins, kazhinji, kwete yevateereri vakuru vaHabr. Chinyorwa chine nhanho-ne-nhanho mirairo yekugadzira minecraft server ine yakatsaurirwa IP, yakagadziridzwa vanhu vari kure neIT. Kana izvi zvisiri pamusoro pako, zviri nani kusvetuka chinyorwa.

Chii chinonzi server?

Saka chii chinonzi server? Kana isu tichivimba nepfungwa ye "sevha" sechikamu chesoftware, saka sevha chirongwa chinogona kugamuchira, kugadzirisa uye kutumira data yakagamuchirwa kubva kune vashandisi (vatengi) vanobatana nevhavha iyi. Uchishandisa saiti semuenzaniso, saiti iri pane imwe webhu server, yaunowana kuburikidza nebrowser. Kwatiri, iyo minecraft server inogadzira nyika uko vatambi (vatengi) vanobatana, vanogona kufamba, kutyora zvidhinha, nezvimwe. Iyo minecraft server ine basa rekubatanidza vatambi uye chero zviito zvavo.

Zviripachena, sevha inofanirwa kunge ichimhanya pakombuta (muchina). Iwe unogona kuseta sevha pakombuta yako yekumba, asi mune iyi kesi:

Iwe unoisa pangozi kuchengetedzwa kwekombuta yako nekuvhura madoko pairi
Sevha ichaisa mutoro pakombuta yako, izvo zvinogona kukanganisa basa rako nazvo
Iwe haugone kuchengetedza komputa yako yekumba ichimhanya 24/7: dzimwe nguva unoidzima, dzimwe nguva komputa yako inorasikirwa neinternet, nezvimwe.
Kuti uwane server yako kubva kunze kwenyika, uchafanirwa kuwana komputa yako kuburikidza IP kero, iyo ye "kumba" Internet providers ndeye simba, ndiko kuti, inogona kuchinja mazuva ose e2-3 nekuda kwezvikonzero zvausingagoni kutonga.

Uye tinogadzirisa sei matambudziko aya?

Mhinduro kumatambudziko ese aya kushandisa virtual muchina со static, kureva, IP kero isingachinjiki.

Complex terminology? Ngatizvionei.
Ngatiendei kuWikipedia.

Виртуальная машина (VM, от англ. virtual machine) — программная и/или аппаратная система, эмулирующая аппаратное обеспечение некоторой платформы...

Kuti uiise mumashoko asina kunaka, iyo komputa mukati mekombuta. Iwe unogona zvakare kuisa sisitimu yekushandisa pairi uye kushanda nayo sekune komputa yenguva dzose.

Tingahuwana kupi?

Mhinduro iri nyore - AWS. Iyi ipuratifomu inopa akawanda akasiyana makore masevhisi anobatsira kune wese anoshanda newebhu kwete chete. Kugadzira minecraft server, imwe yezvigadzirwa zveAWS yakakwana - Amazon EC2 - Cloud virtual muchina unowanikwa 24/7. AWS inopa mashoma chaiwo muchina (10GB SSD, 1GB RAM) mahara kwegore, nekuwedzera, inoita kuti zvikwanise kusunga kero yemahara yakatsaurirwa (static) yekuwana zvachose kuVM yako (chaiyo muchina) pakero imwe chete.

Isu tinogadzira uye nekugadzirisa VM

Enda kune saiti AWS uye kunyoresa. Wobva waenda kune manejimendi console.

Mune console, pakati pemasevhisi, tsvaga EC2 uye enda kwairi.

Zvakakosha kusarudza nzvimbo yedata, zviri nyore, nzvimbo iyo Amazon servers iripo. Iwe unofanirwa kusarudza zvichienderana nenzvimbo yako, nekuti kukurumidza kwekutaurirana paInternet kunosiyana, uye iwe unofanirwa kusarudza nzvimbo yedata iyo kutaurirana kubva kuguta rako kuchave nekukurumidza sezvinobvira.

Kuti usarudze nzvimbo yedata, ndinokurudzira kushandisa sevhisi WonderNetwork, iyo inoyera kumhanya kwekufambisa kwemapakiti nemamwe maguta.
Muchiitiko changu (Moscow), nzvimbo yeIrish data yakandikodzera.

Yasvika nguva yekugadzira muchina chaiwo. Kuti uite izvi, enda kune tab Launch muenzaniso

Ngatitangei kugadzirisa iyo VM.

1) Sarudza iyo inoshanda sisitimu mufananidzo. Linux yakanakira kusimudza maseva; isu tichashandisa iyo yekugovera kit CentOS7

Izvo zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti pachave pasina graphical nharaunda pamushini wako chaiwo; kupinda kumushini kuchave kuburikidza nekoni. Zvinosanganisira kudzora iyo VM uchishandisa mirairo kwete komputa mbeva. Usatya izvi: izvi hazvifanirwe kukumisa izvozvi kana kusiya pfungwa yekusimudza yako minecraft server nekuti "zvakanyanya kuoma." Kushanda nemuchina kuburikidza nekoni hakuna kuoma - iwe uchakurumidza kuona iwe pachako.

2) Zvino ngatitsanangurirei tekinoroji kumisikidzwa yeVM. Zvekushandisa mahara, Amazon inopa iyo gadziriso t2.micro, kwete yakakwana kune yakazara-yakazara yakakura minecraft server, asi yakakwana kutamba neshamwari.

3) Siya zvimwe zvigadziriso sezvimiro, asi mira patebhu Gadzira mapoka ekuchengetedza.

Pano isu tinoda kugadzirisa kupinda kumadoko kune minecraft server.

Mukutaura kwakapfava, chiteshi inhamba isiri-negative inoratidza kuti ndiani anouya data kubva kunze kwenyika anotariswa. VM inogona kugamuchira akawanda akasiyana masevhisi uye maseva, saka ese anouya data mapaketi anochengeta chiteshi (nhamba) yekwainoenda (sevhisi, sevha) mukati meVM mumusoro wavo.

Kune minecraft maseva, iyo de facto standard ndeye kushandisa chiteshi 25565. Ngatiwedzerei mutemo unoratidza kuti kupinda kuVM yako kuburikidza nechiteshi ichi kunogamuchirwa.

Isu tinoenda kuhwindo rekupedzisa kusikwa kweVM nekudzvanya bhatani Ongorora uye Tanga

Kugadzira SSH kiyi peya yeVM

Saka, kubatana kumuchina kuchaitwa uchishandisa SSH protocol.

Iyo SSH protocol inoshanda seizvi: makiyi maviri (paruzhinji uye akavanzika) anogadzirwa, kiyi yeruzhinji inochengetwa paVM, uye kiyi yakavanzika inochengetwa pakombuta yemunhu anobatana neVM (mutengi). Kana uchibatanidza, iyo VM inotarisa kuti mutengi ane kiyi yakakodzera yakavanzika.

dzvanya Tanga. Iwindo rinotevera richaonekwa pamberi pako:

Isa zita remakiyi maviri (kuti zvikuitire nyore) uye tinya Dhaunirodha makiyi maviri. Unofanira kudhaunirodha .pem faira rine kiyi yako yakavanzika. Baya bhatani Kutanga zviitiko. Iwe uchangobva kugadzira muchina chaiwo unozoiswa server.

Kuwana static IP

Iye zvino tinoda kuwana uye kusunga static IP kuVM yedu. Kune iyi menyu tinowana iyo tab Yakavharwa IPs uye tinofamba nayo. Pa tab, tinya bhatani Govera Elastic IP kero uye tora static IP.

Iye zvino iyo yakagamuchirwa IP kero inofanira kubatanidzwa neVM yedu. Kuti uite izvi, sarudza iyo kubva pane iyo rondedzero uye mune menyu Actions sarudza Batanidza IP kero

Tevere, isu tichasunga iyo VM kune yedu IP kero

Yakaitwa!

Tinoenda kuVM

Iye zvino kuti VM yakagadziridzwa uye IP kero yakapihwa, ngatibatanei nayo uye tiise yedu minecraft server.

Kubatanidza kuVM kuburikidza neSSH isu tichashandisa chirongwa putty. Isa PuTTYgen ipapo kubva pane ino peji

Mushure mekuisa PuTTY, vhura iyo. Iye zvino iwe unofanirwa kugadzirisa kubatana.

Mune tab chiitiko sarudza rudzi rwekubatanidza SSH, port 22. Taura zita rekubatanidza. Iro zita rekubatanidza kuburikidza neSSH tambo senge: имя_пользователя@публичный_dns.

Iro zita rekushandisa muAWS yeCentOS ndeye cents. DNS yako yeruzhinji inogona kutariswa pano:

Ndawana mutsara [email protected]

Mune tab SSH -> Auth isa yako yakavanzika SSH kiyi. Inochengetwa mufaira .pem, yatakadhaunirodha kare. Asi PuTTY haigone kushanda nemafaira .pem, anoda chimiro .ppk. Kushandura isu tichashandisa PuTTYgen. Shanduko mirairo kubva kuPuTTYgen webhusaiti. Received file .ppk Ngatichengetei toratidza pano:

Isu tinobatana neVM nekuvhura kubatana nebhatani Open.
Makorokoto! Isu tangobatanidza kune console yeVM yako. Chasara kuisa server yedu pairi.

Kuisa uye kugadzirisa minecraft server

Ngatitange kumisa server yedu. Chekutanga, isu tinofanirwa kuisa akati wandei mapakeji paVM yedu.

sudo yum install -y wget mc iptables iptables-services java screen

Ngationei kuti imwe neimwe yemapakeji ndeyei.

wget - chishandiso chekurodha mafaera muLinux. Kuishandisa isu tichadhawunirodha mafaera esevha.
mc - console text editor. Zviri nyore uye zviri nyore kushandisa kune asina kudzidziswa mushandisi.
iptables - chishandiso chekutonga nekugadzirisa firewall, nerubatsiro rwayo isu tichavhura chiteshi cheseva paVM yedu.
java - minecraft inomhanya pajava, saka zvinodikanwa kuti sevha ishande
sikirini - hwindo maneja weLinux. Ichatitendera kuti tidzokorore koni yedu kusimudza sevha. Icho chokwadi ndechekuti sevha inofanirwa kuvhurwa kuburikidza nekoni; kana iwe ukabvisa kubva kuVM yako, iyo server process ichamiswa. Naizvozvo, isu tinoimhanyisa mune yakaparadzana console hwindo.

Iye zvino ngatigadzirisei firewall.

A firewall isoftware kana Hardware-software chinhu chekombuta network inodzora uye inosefa network traffic inopfuura nemairi zvinoenderana nemitemo yakatarwa. (Wikipedia)

Kutsanangura nemashoko ari nyore: fungidzira guta rakakomberedzwa. Anogara achirwiswa kubva kunze, asi hupenyu hwemazuva ose hunoenderera mberi muguta. Kuti vapinde muguta, pane gedhi mumadziro enhare, apo varindi vanomira vachitarisa pamazita kana munhu uyu achigona kubvumirwa kupinda munhare. Basa remadziro uye gedhi mumakomputa network rinoitwa nefirewall.

sudo mcedit /etc/sysconfig/iptables

Isu takangogadzira firewall configuration file. Ngatiizadze neyakajairwa data data, kusanganisira mutemo wechiteshi 25565, inova ndiyo yakajairika chiteshi che minecraft server.

*filter
:INPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
:FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0]
:OUTPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
-A INPUT -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -p icmp -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 25565 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited
-A FORWARD -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited
COMMIT

Vhara iyo faira nekudzvanya F10, kuchengetedza shanduko.

Zvino ngatitangei firewall uye tiigonese mukutanga:

sudo systemctl enable iptables
sudo systemctl restart iptables

Isu tichachengeta sevha mafaera mune yakaparadzana folda, gadzira iyo, enda kwairi uye tora sevha mafaera. Kuti uite izvi unofanira kushandisa wget

mkdir minecraft
cd minecraft
wget <ссылка_на_jar>

Unoda kuwana yakananga chinongedzo for download .jar server file. Semuenzaniso, link kune server file version 1.15.2:

wget https://launcher.mojang.com/v1/objects/bb2b6b1aefcd70dfd1892149ac3a215f6c636b07/server.jar

Wona zviri mukati mefolda uchishandisa rairo ls, ita shuwa kuti mafaera akatorwa.

Ngatitangei server file. Iye zvino sevha haishande: ichagadzira mafaera ese anodiwa pabasa, uye ichanyunyuta kuti hauna kubvumirana nemirairo yerezinesi reEULA. Gamuchira mazwi nekuvhura faira eula.txt

sudo mcedit eula.txt

Simbisa chibvumirano chako nekushandura yekupinda kuti:

eula=true

Vhura faira server.properties: Iyi ndiyo server yako yekumisikidza faira. Zvimwe pamusoro pezvirongwa zveseva

Shanduko inotevera inofanira kuitwa kwairi:

online-mode=false

Iwo asara marongero ari pakufunga kwako.

Server kutanga

Yasvika nguva yekutanga server. Sezvandambotaura, sevha inotanga zvakananga kubva kune koni, asi kana tikavhara iyo huru console, iyo server process ichamiswa. Naizvozvo, ngatigadzire imwe console:

screen

Ngatitange sevha mune iyi koni:

 sudo java -Xms512M -Xmx1024M -jar <название_файла_сервера>.jar --nogui

Sevha inotanga mukati memasekonzi makumi mana nemashanu, usakanganise maitiro. Kana sevha yatangwa uye ichimhanya, iwe uchaona chimwe chinhu chakadai:

Makorokoto! Iwe uchangobva kuwana minecraft server yako uye inoshanda. Ikozvino zvakakosha kubuda nenzira kwayo yechipiri koni kuitira kuti irambe ichishanda nesevha inomhanya. Kuti uite izvi, tinya Ctrl+Aipapo D. Iwe unofanirwa kunge uri mune main console uye ona meseji senge [detached from 1551.pts-0.ip-172-31-37-146]. Kana iwe uchida kudzokera kune console uko sevha iri kushanda, shandisa screen -r

Iwe unogona ikozvino kubvisa kubva kuVM yako. Sevha yako ichawanikwa kuburikidza neiyo IP kero yatakagamuchira kare, pachiteshi 25565.

Zvinoitika kuti kero yekupinda muvhavha ichave <ваш_статический_IP>:25565.

mhedziso

Uchishandisa iyi mirairo, unogona nyore kuseta yemahara minecraft server ine yakazvipira IP. Chinyorwa chakanyorwa nemutauro wakapfava uye chakaitirwa vanhu vasiri nyanzvi. Panyaya iyi, zvinonakidza kunzwa zvirevo zveavo vakabatikana, nekuti kana uchirerutsa zvinhu, zvikanganiso zvechokwadi mumatemu zvinogona kuitwa.

Source: www.habr.com

Yemahara minecraft server paAWS ine zero ruzivo rwelinux