1.1. Nhanganyaya
Kutaura nezve kuvandudzwa kweIT mumakore mashoma apfuura, munhu haagone kutadza kuona chikamu che Cloud mhinduro pakati pevamwe. Ngationei kuti cloud solutions, matekinoroji, nezvimwe ndezvipi.
Cloud computing (kana gore masevhisi) seti yakakosha yezvishandiso uye nzira dzekutakura, kuchengetedza uye kugadzirisa data pane zviri kure komputa zviwanikwa, izvo zvinosanganisira maseva, data rekuchengetedza masisitimu (DSS), data transmission system (DTS).
Paunenge uchigadzira chigadzirwa cheIT, ingave bhizinesi kadhi webhusaiti, chitoro chepamhepo, yakakwira-mutoro portal kana dhatabhesi system, pane zvingangoita zviviri zvingasarudzwa zvekuisa chigadzirwa chako.
Panzvimbo yemutengi (eng. - on-premise) kana mugore. Panguva imwecheteyo, hazvibviri kutaura chokwadi kuti chii chinobatsira zvikuru maererano nemari munyaya yakawanda.
Kana iwe uri kushandisa sevha uko iwe uine diki dhatabhesi rinomhanya iro risingade kukanganisa kushivirira uye yakapusa webhusaiti isina yakawanda mutoro - hongu, pasi-based hosting ndiyo yako sarudzo. Asi kana basa rako nezvinodiwa zvichiwedzera, iwe unofanirwa kufunga nezve kutamira kune gore.
1.2. Makore pakati pedu
Tisati takurukura chaizvo kuti makore anopiwa sei, zvakakosha kuti tinzwisise kuti nyaya yemakore haisi yehofori huru yeIT sphere uye mabasa avo emukati.Tinoshandisawo cloud computing mazuva ose.
Nhasi, muna 2019, zvakaoma kuwana munhu aisazoshandisa Instagram, email, mepu uye traffic jam pafoni yavo. Zvose izvi zvinochengetwa nekugadziriswa kupi? Rudyi!
Kunyangwe iwe, senyanzvi yeIT mukambani ine kanenge diki network yebazi (kujekesa), isa masisitimu ekuchengetedza mune zvivakwa, saka zvisinei kuti unopa sei mukana kune iyo sosi, ingave yewebhu interface, ftp kana samba. , izvi ndezvevashandisi vako vault ichava gore rinowanikwa ... pane imwe nzvimbo ipapo. Chii chatingataure pamusoro pezvinhu zvakajairwa zvakadaro zvatinoshandisa pamunwe wedu kanoverengeka zuva nezuva.
2.1. Mhando dze Cloud Capacity Deployment
Zvakanaka, gore. Asi hazvisi nyore kudaro. Isu tese tinouya kuzoshanda - vanhu vanotengesa, nyanzvi dzeIT, mamaneja. Asi iyi ipfungwa yakafara, imwe neimwe ine chinangwa uye imwe kupatsanurwa. Zvakafanana pano. Kazhinji, makore masevhisi anogona kukamurwa kuita 4 mhando.
1.Gore reruzhinji ipuratifomu inovhurika pachena kune vese vashandisi mahara kana nekunyoreswa kwakabhadharwa. Kazhinji kazhinji inotungamirirwa nemunhu chaiye kana sangano repamutemo. Muenzaniso ndeye portal-aggregator yezvinyorwa zveruzivo rwesainzi.
2. Private cloud - yakanyatsopesana nepfungwa 1. Iyi ipuratifomu yakavharwa kuvanhu, inowanzoitirwa kambani imwe (kana kambani uye masangano emubatanidzwa). Kupinda kunopihwa chete kune vashandisi neiyo system maneja. Aya anogona kunge ari masevhisi emukati, semuenzaniso intranet network, SD (sevhisi desk) system, CRM, nezvimwe. Kazhinji, varidzi vegore kana chikamu vanotora nyaya yekuchengetedza ruzivo uye kuchengetedzwa kwebhizinesi zvakanyanya, sezvo ruzivo nezvekutengesa, vatengi, zvirongwa zvemakambani, nezvimwe zvakachengetwa mumakore ega.
3. Gore revanhu tinogona kutaura kuti iri igore rakazvimiririra rakagoverwa pakati pemakambani akati wandei ane mabasa akafanana kana zvaanofarira. Inowanzo shandiswa kana zvichidikanwa kupa kodzero dzekushandisa chishandiso kune vanhu vakati wandei, madhipatimendi kubva kumakambani akasiyana.
4. Hybrid cloud Iyi imhando yezvivakwa zvinosanganisa angangoita maviri marudzi ekutumira. Muenzaniso wakajairika ndeyekuyera mutengi data centre uchishandisa gore. Izvi zvinoitwa kuitira kuchengetedza mari, kana zvisingakwanisi kutamira kune gore 100%, kana nekuda kwekuchengeteka uye zvikonzero zvekuteerera.
2.2. Mhando dzebasa
Super, marudzi ekutumira akasiyana zvakanyanya, asi panofanira kunge paine chimwe chinhu chinovabatanidza? Hongu, idzi imhando dzesevhisi, dzakafanana kune ese marudzi emakore. Ngatitarisei kune matatu anonyanyozivikanwa.
IaaS (infrastructure sevhisi) - zvivakwa sebasa. Nesarudzo iyi, unopihwa maseva ari muchimiro chemichina chaiyo (VMs), disks, network zvishandiso, paunogona kuendesa OS uye nharaunda yaunoda, kuisa masevhisi, nezvimwe. Pasinei nokuti iye zvino ndiri kushingaira kukura mugore kubva kuYandex, ndakatanga kuzivana kwangu neGCP (Google Cloud Platform), saka ini ndichapa mienzaniso inopesana nemamiriro ayo, uye kazhinji ndichataura nezvevanopa zvishoma gare gare. Saka, muenzaniso weIaaS mhinduro muGCP ingave iyo Compute Engine element. Avo. Iyi iri nyore yakajairwa BM yaunosarudza iyo inoshanda sisitimu iwe, gadzirisa software iwe uye tumira maapplication. Ngatitarisei muenzaniso. Iwe uri python programmer uye iwe unoda kugadzira webhusaiti ine backend pane gore, uchifunga chete IaaS sarudzo. Iwe unofanirwa kutora VM imwe iyo saiti ichamhanya, nekuda kweizvi iwe unofanirwa kuisa (mu gcp inosarudzwa padanho rekugadzira muenzaniso) iyo OS, gadziridza iyo packer maneja (nei kwete), isa iyo inodiwa vhezheni ye python, nginx, etc ... PamaVM matatu gadzira failover database cluster (zvakare nemaoko). Ipa matanda, nezvimwe. Yakachipa uye yakareba, asi kana iwe uchida yakanyanya kuchinjika, iyi ndiyo sarudzo yako.
Inotevera iri padyo nekureruka uye kudhura kwakanyanya PaaS (chikuva sevhisi). Pano iwe unowanawo VM, hongu, asi pasina kukwanisa kushandura chigadziro kuitira kuti zvive nyore, hausarudze OS, seti yepurogiramu, nezvimwewo, unowana nzvimbo yakagadzirira-yakagadzirirwa yechigadzirwa chako. Ngatidzokerei kumuenzaniso mumwe chete. Iwe unotenga maviri Engine Engine zviitiko muGCP, imwe yacho ichave iri munzvimbo yedhatabhesi, yechipiri ichave iri mubasa rewebhu server. Iwe haufanire kugadzirisa chero zvirongwa zvekutsigira; unogona kumhanyisa nharaunda yekugadzira kunze kwebhokisi. Zvinodhura zvakawanda, unofanira kubvuma, basa rinofanira kubhadharwa, uye Gwaro rose rakakushandira. Asi iwe unowana yakagadzirira-yakagadzirwa chikuva yekushanda nayo.
Chechitatu chesarudzo huru, yakamira pamusoro pevamwe - SaaS (Software seSevhisi). Iwe haugadzirise VM zvakanaka, haugadzirise zvachose. Iwe haufanire kuve nyanzvi yeIT, haufanire kunyora kodhi, haufanirwe kuita backend. Zvinhu zvose zvakagadzirira here. Aya ndiwo akagadzirira-akagadzirwa, akaiswa mhinduro, senge GSuite (yaimbova Google Apps), DropBox, Hofisi 365.
3.1. Chii chiri pasi pehood?
Wapinda mumusoro mako? Zvakanaka, ngatienderere mberi. Takatenga VM, tikashanda nayo, takaiparadza uye takatenga mamwe 10. Hatitengi hardware, asi tinoziva kuti inofanira kuva pane imwe nzvimbo. Pawakaunza kuchengetedza mune yako bhizinesi zvivakwa, iwe ungangodaro wakaiisa mune rack mukamuri yeserver. Saka, vanopa tekinoroji yemakore vanokupa chikamu chekamuri yavo ye server yekurenda, chete yehukuru hukuru. Iyo inonzi DPC (data processing center). Aya mahombe macomplexes ari kunenge pasirese. Kuvaka kunowanzo kuitirwa padyo nenzvimbo dziya dzinogona kuve sosi yekutonhodza kwechisikigo chikamu chegore, asi vamwe vamiririri vanogona zvakare kuvakwa mugwenga reNevada. Pamusoro pekuti mupi anoisa mazana emazana racks mune yakakura hangar, ari kunetsekawo nezve kupisa kwekushisa (vachiri kuziva here kuti makomputa haagone kuomeswa nechando uye kupisa?), nezve chengetedzo yedata rako, kunyanya pane yemuviri. level, saka hazvigoneke kupinda mu data center zvisiri pamutemo zvichashanda here? Panguva imwecheteyo, nzira dzekuchengetedza data munzvimbo yedata dzinosiyana pakati pevanopa vakasiyana; vamwe vanoita marekodhi akagoverwa pakati penzvimbo dzakasiyana dze data, nepo vamwe vachiachengeta zvakachengeteka mune imwe.
3.2. Makore ikozvino uye mukutarisa. Providers
Kazhinji, kana iwe ukachera munhoroondo, izvo zvekutanga zvinodikanwa zvekusikwa kwemazuva ano mapuratifomu emakore zvakadzoka pakati pe70s yezana remakore rapfuura, panguva yekuvandudza uye kushandiswa kweiyo ARPANET Internet prototype. Ipapo hurukuro yaive yekuti rimwe zuva vanhu vaizokwanisa kuwana masevhisi ese kuburikidza nenetwork. Nekufamba kwenguva, chiteshi chakagadzikana uye chakawedzera kana kushoma, uye muna 1999 yekutanga yekutengesa CRM system yakaonekwa, iyo inopihwa chete nekunyoreswa uye ndiyo yekutanga SaaS, makopi ayo anochengetwa mune imwechete data data. Gare gare, kambani yakagovera zvikamu zvakati kuti zvinopa PaaS nekunyorera, kusanganisira iyo yakakosha kesi BDaaS (data base sesevhisi) Muna 2002, Amazon yakaburitsa sevhisi inobvumidza iwe kuchengeta nekugadzirisa ruzivo, uye muna 2008 yakaunza sevhisi mukati. umo mushandisi anogona kugadzira ega ega michina, iyi ndiyo nzira iyo nguva yemakore makuru matekinoroji inotanga.
Iye zvino zvakajairika kutaura pamusoro pezvitatu zvikuru (kunyange ini ndichiona huru ina muhafu yegore): Amazon web services, Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud Platform ... Yandex Cloud. Izvo zvakanyanya kunaka kune yekupedzisira, nekuti kana vekwake vakakurumidza kuputika padanho renyika, kudada kwakakosha kunofamba nemuganda.
Kunewo makambani akawanda, semuenzaniso Oracle kana Alibaba, ane makore avo, asi nekuda kwemamwe mamiriro ezvinhu haana kufarirwa zvakanyanya pakati pevashandisi. Uye zvechokwadi, ivo vanotambira vakomana, vari zvakare vanopa kupa PaaS kana SaaS mhinduro.
3.3. Mitengo uye Grants
Ini handisi kuzogara zvakanyanya pamitengo yemitengo yevanopa, nekuti zvikasadaro ichave yakavhurika kushambadzira. Ndinoda kucherechedza chokwadi chokuti makambani makuru ose anopa rubatsiro kubva ku $ 200 kusvika ku $ 700 kwegore kana nguva shomanana kuitira kuti iwe, sevashandisi, uwane simba remhinduro dzavo uye unzwisise kuti chii chaunoda chaizvo.
Uyezve, makambani ose kubva kune matatu makuru ... kana mana ari kuda ... kupa mukana wekubatana nemapoka evanoshamwaridzana, kuitisa masemina uye kudzidziswa, kupa chiziviso uye zvikomborero zvezvigadzirwa zvavo.
Source: www.habr.com