Nhai!
Zita rangu ndiMikhail, ndiri Mutevedzeri weMukuru weIT pakambani yeSportmaster. Ndinoda kugovera nyaya yekuti takagadzirisa sei matambudziko akamuka panguva yedenda.
Mumazuva ekutanga ezvechokwadi zvitsva, yakajairwa kunze kweinternet fomati yeSportmaster yakamira, uye mutoro pachiteshi chedu chepamhepo, zvakanyanya maererano nekuendesa kune kero yemutengi, wakawedzera kagumi. Mumavhiki mashoma, takashandura bhizinesi hombe repamhepo kuita repamhepo uye takagadzirisa sevhisi kune zvinodiwa nevatengi vedu.
Chaizvoizvo, izvo zvaive zvakanyanya kushanda kwedu padivi rakava bhizinesi redu rekutanga. Kukosha kwechero online order kwakawedzera zvakanyanya. Zvaive zvakakodzera kuchengetedza ruble yega yega yakaunzwa nemutengi kukambani.
Kuti tikurumidze kupindura kune zvikumbiro zvevatengi, takavhura imwe nzvimbo yekuwedzera pahofisi huru yekambani, uye ikozvino tinogona kugamuchira zviuru mazana maviri nemakumi masere nemashanu ekufona pasvondo. Panguva imwecheteyo, takatamisa zvitoro zve285 kune imwe nyowani isingabatanidzwe uye yakachengeteka inoshanda fomati, iyo yakabvumira vatengi kugamuchira mirairo uye vashandi kuchengetedza mabasa avo.
Munguva yekushandura, takasangana nematambudziko maviri makuru. Kutanga, mutoro wezviwanikwa zvedu zvepamhepo wakawedzera zvakanyanya (Sergey achakuudza kuti takabata sei neizvi). Kechipiri, kuyerera kweasingawanzo (pre-COVID) mashandiro akawedzera kakawanda pamusoro, izvo zvakazoda huwandu hukuru hwekukurumidza otomatiki. Kuti tigadzirise dambudziko iri, taifanira kukurumidza kutamisa zviwanikwa kubva kunzvimbo dzaimbove dzakanyanya. Elena achakuudza kuti takaita sei neizvi.
Kushanda kweInternet services
Kolesnikov Sergey, ane mutoro wekushanda kwechitoro chepamhepo uye microservices
Kubva panguva iyo zvitoro zvedu zvekutengesa zvakatanga kuswedera kune vashanyi, takatanga kurekodha kuwedzera kwemetrics senge nhamba yevashandisi, nhamba yemirairo yakaiswa mukushandisa kwedu, uye nhamba yezvikumbiro kune zvikumbiro.
Nhamba yemirairo kubva munaKurume 18 kusvika Kurume 31Nhamba yezvikumbiro kune online kubhadhara microservicesNhamba yemirairo yakaiswa pawebhusaiti
Mune girafu rekutanga tinoona kuti kuwedzera kwaive kanenge ka14, mune yechipiri - 4 nguva. Isu tinoona metric yenguva yekupindura yezvishandiso zvedu seyakanyanya kuratidza.
Muiyi girafu tinoona mhinduro yemafronts uye mashandisirwo, uye isu pachedu takasarudza kuti hatina kuona kukura kwakadaro.
Izvi zvinonyanya kukonzerwa nekuti isu takatanga basa rekugadzirira mukupera kwa2019. Iye zvino masevhisi edu akachengeterwa, kushivirira kukanganisa kunovimbiswa pamwero wemaseva emuviri, virtualization system, dockers, uye masevhisi mavari. Panguva imwecheteyo, kukwanisa kwe server yedu zviwanikwa kunotibvumira kutsungirira mitoro yakawanda.
Chishandiso chikuru chakatibatsira munyaya yese iyi yaive hurongwa hwedu hwekutarisa. Chokwadi, kusvika nguva pfupi yadarika takanga tisina kana sisitimu imwechete yaititendera kuunganidza mametrics pamatanho ese, kubva padanho remidziyo yemuviri uye Hardware kusvika padanho rebhizinesi metrics.
Pakare, kwaive nekutarisa mukambani, asi semutemo yakaparadzirwa uye yaive munzvimbo yebasa remadhipatimendi chaiwo. Muchokwadi, pakaitika chiitiko, isu takanga tisina kumbove nekunzwisisa kwakafanana kwezvakaitika chaizvo, pakanga pasina kutaurirana, uye kazhinji izvi zvaitungamira mukumhanya mumatenderedzwa kutsvaga nekuparadzanisa dambudziko kuti rigadziriswe.
Pane imwe nguva, takafunga uye takasarudza kuti takanga tine zvakakwana zvekutsungirira izvi - taida hurongwa hwakabatana kuti tione mufananidzo wose zvizere. Iwo matekinoroji makuru anosanganisirwa mune yedu stack ndeye Zabbix seyambiro uye metrics yekuchengetera nzvimbo, Prometheus yekuunganidza nekuchengetedza mametric ekushandisa, Stack ELK yekutema matanda uye kuchengetedza data kubva kuhurongwa hwese hwekutarisa, pamwe neGrafana yekuona, Swagger, Docker. nezvimwe zvinobatsira uye zvinhu zvaunoziva kwauri.
Panguva imwecheteyo, isu hatishandisi kwete chete matekinoroji aripo pamusika, asi zvakare gadzira isu pachedu. Semuenzaniso, tinoita masevhisi ekubatanidza masisitimu kune mumwe nemumwe, kureva, imwe mhando yeAPI yekuunganidza metrics. Uyezve isu tiri kushanda pachedu ekutarisisa masisitimu - padanho rebhizinesi metrics isu tinoshandisa UI bvunzo. Uye zvakare bot muTeregiramu yekuzivisa zvikwata.
Tiri kuedzawo kuita kuti hurongwa hwekutarisisa huwanikwe kuzvikwata kuitira kuti vazvichengete vakazvimirira uye vashande nemametrics avo, kusanganisira kumisikidza chenjedzo kune mamwe ma metric akatetepa asingashandiswe zvakanyanya.
Muhurongwa hwese, tinoyedza proactivity uye nharaunda yezviitiko nekukurumidza sezvinobvira. Uye zvakare, huwandu hwema microservices edu uye masisitimu yakakura zvakanyanya munguva pfupi yapfuura, uye huwandu hwekubatanidzwa hwakakura saizvozvo. Uye sechikamu chekugadzirisa maitiro ekuongorora zviitiko padanho rekubatanidza, isu tiri kugadzira sisitimu inobvumidza iwe kuti uite muchinjiko-system cheki uye kuratidza mhedzisiro, iyo inokutendera iwe kuti uwane iwo makuru matambudziko ane chekuita nekuunza kunze kwenyika uye kudyidzana kwemasystem ane. imwe neimwe.
Ehezve, tichine nzvimbo yekukura nekuvandudza maererano nemaitiro ekushandisa, uye isu tiri kushanda nesimba pane izvi. Unogona kuverenga zvakawanda nezve yedu monitoring system .
Miedzo yehunyanzvi
Orlov Sergey, anotungamira nzvimbo yehunyanzvi yewebhu uye nharembozha
Kubva pakavharwa chitoro chenyama, takatarisana nematambudziko akasiyana kubva pakuona kwekusimudzira. Chokutanga pane zvose, mutoro unowedzera saizvozvo. Zviri pachena kuti kana matanho akakodzera asina kutorwa, ipapo kana mutoro wakakwirira unoshandiswa kuhurongwa, unogona kushanduka kuva nhanga ine bhanhire rinosuruvarisa, kana kuti zvachose kuderera mukushanda, kana kutorasikirwa nekushanda kwayo.
Chikamu chechipiri, zvishoma zvishoma, ndechekuti sisitimu iri pasi pemutoro wakanyanya yaifanira kuchinjwa nekukurumidza, ichichinjika kune shanduko mumabhizinesi maitiro. Dzimwe nguva kakawanda pazuva. Makambani akawanda ane mutemo wekuti kana pane zvakawanda zvekutengesa basa, hapana chikonzero chekuita chero shanduko kuhurongwa. Hapana zvachose, ngaishande chero ichishanda.
Uye isu takanyanya kuve neasingagumi Black Friday, panguva iyo yaive yakakosha kuchinja sisitimu. Uye chero kukanganisa, dambudziko, kana kutadza muhurongwa kungave kudhura zvakanyanya kubhizinesi.
Ndichitarisa kumberi, ndichataura kuti takakwanisa kubata nemiedzo iyi, masisitimu ese akashingirira mutoro, akayerwa zviri nyore, uye hatina kuona kutadza kwepasi rose kwehunyanzvi.
Kune mbiru ina pairi kugona kweiyo sisitimu kutsungirira mitoro yekukwira yakakura. Chekutanga chazvo ndechekuongorora, iyo yaunoverenga pamusoro apa. Pasina yakavakirwa-mukati yekutarisa sisitimu, zvinenge zvisingaite kuwana mabhodhoro ehurongwa. Iyo yakanaka yekutarisa sisitimu yakafanana nembatya dzekumba; inofanirwa kuve yakagadzikana uye yakagadzirirwa iwe.
Chikamu chechipiri ndechekuedza. Isu tinotora iyi poindi zvakakomba: isu tinonyora ekirasi mayuniti, yekubatanidza bvunzo, mutoro bvunzo uye zvimwe zvakawanda kune yega yega system. Isu tiri kunyorawo chirongwa chekuyedza, uye panguva imwechete tichiedza kuwedzera mwero wekuyedza kusvika padanho rekuti hatichada macheki emaoko.
Mbiru yechitatu iCI/CD Pipeline. Maitiro ekuvaka, kuyedza, uye kutumira application anofanirwa kuve otomatiki zvakanyanya sezvinobvira; hapafanirwe kuve nekupindira kwemanyorero. Musoro weCI/CD Pipeline wakadzika, uye ini ndichangobata pairi muchidimbu. Zvakakodzera kutaura kuti isu tine CI / CD Pipeline yekutarisa, iyo yega yega chigadzirwa timu inofamba nerubatsiro rwenzvimbo dzehunyanzvi.
Uye heino rondedzero
Nenzira iyi, zvinangwa zvakawanda zvinowanikwa. Iyi API vhezheni uye inoratidzira toggle kudzivirira chitima chekuburitsa, uye kuwana kufukidzwa kweakasiyana bvunzo padanho rekuti kuyedzwa kuzere otomatiki, kutumirwa hakuna musono, zvichingodaro.
Mbiru yechina ndiyo misimboti yekuvaka uye hunyanzvi mhinduro. Tinogona kutaura zvakawanda pamusoro pezvivakwa kwenguva yakareba, asi ini ndinoda kusimbisa mashoma emisimboti yandinoda kutarisa pairi.
Kutanga, iwe unofanirwa kusarudza maturusi akasarudzika emamwe mabasa. Hongu, zvinonzwika sezviri pachena, uye zviri pachena kuti zvipikiri zvinofanirwa kuroverwa nesando, uye wristwatches dzinofanirwa kuparadzaniswa neakakosha screwdriver. Asi muzera redu, maturusi mazhinji anovavarira kusimudzira pasi rose kuti avhare chikamu chikuru chevashandisi: dhatabhesi, cache, masisitimu uye nezvimwe. Semuenzaniso, kana iwe ukatora iyo MongoDB dhatabhesi, inoshanda neakawanda-magwaro ekutengeserana, uye iyo Oracle dhatabhesi inoshanda nejson. Uye zvinoita sekunge zvese zvinogona kushandiswa kune zvese. Asi kana isu takamirira kubereka, saka tinoda kunyatsonzwisisa kusimba uye kusasimba kwechimwe nechimwe chishandiso uye kushandisa izvo zvatinoda kukirasi yedu yemabasa.
Chechipiri, kana uchigadzira masisitimu, kuwedzera kwega kwega mukuoma kunofanirwa kururamiswa. Isu tinofanirwa kugara tichichengeta izvi mupfungwa; musimboti wekubatana kwakaderera unozivikanwa kune wese munhu. Ndinotenda kuti inofanira kushandiswa pamwero webasa chairo, uye pamwero wehurongwa hwese, uye pamwero wenzvimbo yekuvaka. Iko kugona kuyera yakatwasuka chikamu chega chega system munzira yekuremerwa kwakakosha zvakare. Kana iwe uine kugona uku, kuyera hakuzove kwakaoma.
Tichitaura nezve tekinoroji mhinduro, takakumbira zvikwata zvezvigadzirwa kuti zvigadzirire seti nyowani yekurudziro, mazano uye mhinduro, izvo zvavakaita mukugadzirira kweinotevera wave basa.
Keshi
Izvo zvinodikanwa kuti uswedere pedyo nekusarudzwa kwenzvimbo uye yakagoverwa cache. Dzimwe nguva zvine musoro kushandisa ese ari maviri mukati meiyo system imwe chete, semuenzaniso, isu tine masisitimu umo mamwe data anonyanya kuratidza cache, ndiko kuti, kwakabva zvigadziriso zviri kuseri kwesystem pachayo, uye masisitimu haachinji. iyi data. Nezve nzira iyi tinoshandisa yemuno Caffeine Cache.
Uye pane data iyo sisitimu inoshingairira kuchinja panguva yekushanda, uye pano isu tave kutoshandisa yakagoverwa cache neHazelcast. Iyi nzira inotibvumira kushandisa mabhenefiti eakagoverwa cache paanonyatso kudiwa, uye kuderedza mutengo webasa wekutenderera Hazelcast cluster data kwatinogona kuita pasina iyo. Isu takanyora zvakawanda nezve cache. ΠΈ .
Mukuwedzera, kuchinja serializer kuKryo muHazelcast kwakatipa kukurudzira kwakanaka. Uye shanduko kubva kuReplicatedMap kuenda kuIMap + Pedyo Cache muHazelcast yakatibvumira kudzikisa kufamba kwedata musumbu.
Zano diki: kana misa cache isingaite, dzimwe nguva zano rekudziya yechipiri cache uye wozochinjira kwairi rinoshanda. Zvingaita sekuti neiyi nzira tinofanirwa kuwana kaviri ndangariro kushandiswa, asi mukuita, mune iwo masisitimu aiitwa izvi, ndangariro kushandiswa kwakadzikira.
Reactive stack
Isu tinoshandisa iyo reactive stack mune akati wandei akawanda masisitimu. Kwatiri, iyi iWebflux kana Kotlin ine coroutines. Iyo reactive stack yakanyanya kunaka kwatinotarisira kunonoka-kubuda-kubuda mashandiro. Semuyenzaniso, inodaidza kunonokesa masevhisi, kushanda nefaira system kana kuchengetedza masisitimu.
Chinonyanya kukosha ndechekudzivirira kuvharidzira mafoni. Reactive masimusi ane nhamba diki ye live sevhisi tambo dzinomhanya pasi pehodhi. Kana tikasazvibvumira kuita nhare yekuvharisa yakananga, senge JDBC mutyairi kufona, sisitimu inongogaya kumira.
Edza kushandura kukanganisa kuita yako yekumhanya yekusarudzika. Iko kuyerera chaiko kwekuita kwechirongwa kunochinja kune reactive masisitimu, uye kodhi kuuraya inova isina mutsara. Nekuda kweizvozvo, zvakanyanya kuoma kuongorora matambudziko uchishandisa stack traces. Uye mhinduro pano ingave yekugadzira yakajeka, ine chinangwa yekumhanyisa nguva yekusarudzika pane chero kukanganisa.
Elasticsearch
Paunenge uchishandisa Elasticsearch, usasarudza data isina kushandiswa. Izvi, mumutemo, zvakare iri nyore zano, asi kazhinji izvi ndizvo zvinokanganwika. Kana iwe uchida kusarudza anopfuura zviuru gumi marekodhi panguva, unofanirwa kushandisa Mupumburu. Kuti ushandise analogy, zvakangoita sechitubu mudura rehukama.
Usashandise postfilter kunze kwekunge zvakakodzera. Ne data hombe mumuenzaniso mukuru, kushanda uku kunoremedza dhatabhesi.
Shandisa mabasa akawanda pazvinenge zvakakodzera.
API
Paunenge uchigadzira API, sanganisira zvinodiwa zvekudzikisa data rinofambiswa. Izvi zvinonyanya kuitika zvine chekuita nekumberi: padanho rino ndipo patinopfuura nzira dzenzvimbo dzedu dzedata uye tiri kutoshanda pachiteshi chinotibatanidza nemutengi. Kana iine diki diki dambudziko, yakawandisa traffic inokonzera yakaipa mushandisi ruzivo.
Uye pakupedzisira, usakanda kunze boka rose re data, iva akajeka pamusoro pechibvumirano pakati pevatengi nevatengesi.
Shanduko yesangano
Eroshkina Elena, Mutevedzeri Mukuru weIT
Panguva iyo kuvharirwa kwakaitika, uye kudiwa kwakamuka kwekuwedzera zvakanyanya kukurumidza kwekusimudzira online uye kuunza omnichannel masevhisi, isu takanga tatove mukugadzirisa kwesangano.
Chikamu chechimiro chedu chakatamisirwa kushanda zvinoenderana nemisimboti uye maitiro echigadzirwa maitiro. Zvikwata zvakaumbwa izvo zvino zvine basa rekushanda nekuvandudza kwechigadzirwa chimwe nechimwe. Vashandi vari muzvikwata zvakadaro vane 100% vanobatanidzwa uye vanogadzira basa ravo vachishandisa Scrum kana Kanban, zvichienderana nezvavanoda kwavari, kumisikidza pombi yekuendesa, kuita hunyanzvi hwekuita, maitiro ekusimbisa hunhu, nezvimwe zvakawanda.
Nerombo rakanaka, huwandu hwezvikwata zvedu zvezvigadzirwa zvaive munzvimbo yeonline uye omnichannel masevhisi. Izvi zvakatibvumira kuti tishandure kumamodhi ekushanda kure munguva pfupi inobvira (zvakakomba, chaizvoizvo mumazuva maviri) pasina kurasikirwa kwekushanda. Iyo yakagadziridzwa maitiro akatibvumira kukurumidza kuchinjika kune mitsva yekushanda mamiriro uye kuchengetedza yakaringana nhanho yekuunza yekushanda kutsva.
Pamusoro pezvo, isu tine chido chekusimbisa izvo zvikwata zviri pamuganho webhizinesi repamhepo. Panguva iyoyo zvakava pachena kuti izvi taigona kuita chete tichishandisa zvinhu zvemukati. Uye vanhu vangangosvika makumi mashanu mumavhiki maviri vakachinja nzvimbo yavaimboshanda uye vakapinda mukushanda pachigadzirwa chaive chitsva kwavari.
Izvi zvaisada chero manejimendi akasarudzika, nekuti pamwe nekuronga isu pachedu maitiro, kuvandudza tekinoroji yechigadzirwa, uye maitiro ekusimbisa mhando, isu tinodzidzisa zvikwata zvedu kuzvironga-kuzvitonga ivo pachavo maitiro ekugadzira pasina kubatanidza zviwanikwa zvekutonga.
Isu takakwanisa kutarisisa zviwanikwa zvedu zvekutonga kwazvaidiwa panguva iyoyo - pakuronga pamwe chete nebhizinesi: Chii chakakosha kune mutengi wedu izvozvi, mashandiro api anofanirwa kutanga aitwa, chii chinofanira kuitwa kuti tiwedzere kugona kwedu kuendesa uye kugadzirisa maodha. Zvose izvi uye muenzaniso wakajeka wakaita kuti zvikwanisike panguva ino kurodha nzizi dzedu dzekugadzira kukosha nezvakakosha uye zvakakosha.
Zviri pachena kuti nebasa riri kure uye nehupamhi hwekuchinja, apo zviratidzo zvebhizimisi zvinoenderana nekubatanidzwa kwevanhu vose, haugoni kuvimba chete nemanzwiro emukati kubva pane zvakatevedzana "Zvinhu zvose zviri kufamba zvakanaka nesu here? Hongu, zvinoratidzika zvakanaka." Chinangwa metrics yemaitiro ekugadzira anodiwa. Tine izvi, zvinowanikwa kune chero ani zvake anofarira metrics ezvikwata zvechigadzirwa. Chekutanga, timu pachayo, bhizinesi, subcontractors uye manejimendi.
Kamwe kamwe chete mavhiki maviri ega ega, chimiro chinoitwa nechikwata chega chega, uko metrics inoongororwa kwemaminetsi gumi, mabhodhoro mukugadzira maitiro anoonekwa, uye mhinduro yemubatanidzwa inogadzirwa: chii chingaitwa kubvisa mabhodhoro aya. Pano unogona kukumbira rubatsiro kubva kune manejimendi kana paine dambudziko rakaonekwa riri kunze kwenzvimbo yesimba rezvikwata, kana hunyanzvi hwevaunoshanda navo vanogona kunge vakatosangana nedambudziko rakafanana.
Nekudaro, isu tinonzwisisa kuti kuti tikurumidze kumhanyisa kakawanda (uye ichi ndicho chaicho chinangwa chatakazvimisira), isu tichiri kuda kudzidza zvakawanda nekuzvishandisa mubasa redu remazuva ese. Parizvino tiri kuenderera mberi nekuyera maitiro edu echigadzirwa kune zvimwe zvikwata uye zvigadzirwa zvitsva. Kuti tiite izvi, taifanira kudzidzira chimiro chitsva kwatiri - chikoro chepamhepo chevadzidzisi vemethodho.
Methodologists, vanhu vanobatsira zvikwata kuvaka maitiro, kumisa kutaurirana, nekuvandudza kushanda zvakanaka, ndivo vamiririri vekuchinja. Parizvino, vakapedza kudzidza veboka redu rekutanga vari kushanda nezvikwata uye vachivabatsira kuti vabudirire.
Ndinofunga kuti mamiriro ezvinhu aripo zvino anotizarurira mikana uye tarisiro kwatiri izvo zvichida isu pachedu tisati tava kuziva zvizere. Asi ruzivo uye maitiro atiri kuwana izvozvi anosimbisa kuti takasarudza gwara rakanaka rebudiriro, hatizopotsa mikana mitsva iyi mune ramangwana uye tichakwanisa kupindura nemazvo kumatambudziko achasangana neSportmaster.
zvakawanikwa
Munguva ino yakaoma, isu takagadzira misimboti mikuru pane iyo software yekuvandudza, iyo, ndinofunga, ichave yakakosha kune yega kambani inobata neizvi.
vanhu. Izvi ndizvo zvinotsamira pazviri zvose. Vashandi vanofanira kunakidzwa nebasa ravo uye kunzwisisa zvinangwa zvekambani uye zvinangwa zvezvigadzirwa zvavanoshanda pazviri. Uye, hongu, vaigona kukura muhunyanzvi.
Technology. Izvo zvinodikanwa kuti kambani itore nzira yakakura yekushanda neyayo tekinoroji stack uye kuvaka hunyanzvi painodiwa chaizvo. Zvinonzwika zviri nyore uye zviri pachena. Uye kazhinji kazhinji kufuratirwa.
Maitiro acho. Izvo zvakakosha kuronga nemazvo basa rezvikwata zvezvigadzirwa uye nzvimbo dzehunyanzvi, kumisikidza kudyidzana nebhizinesi kuitira kushanda naro semubatsiri.
Kazhinji, ndizvo chaizvo kuti takapona sei. Iyo thesis huru yenguva yedu yakasimbiswa zvakare, nekudzvanya kunonzwika pahuma
Kunyangwe iwe uri bhizinesi hombe rekunze rine zvitoro zvakawanda uye boka remaguta kwaunoshanda, gadzira bhizinesi rako repamhepo. Iyi haingori yekuwedzera chiteshi chekutengesa kana yakanaka application iyo iwe yaunogona zvakare kutenga chimwe chinhu (uye zvakare nekuti vakwikwidzi vanewo vakanaka). Iri harisi rekungoita-in-case tire rekukubatsira kumisa dutu.
Izvi ndizvo zvinodikanwa zvachose. Izvo kwete chete kugona kwako kwehunyanzvi uye zvivakwa zvinofanirwa kugadzirirwa, asiwo vanhu vako uye maitiro. Mushure mezvose, unogona kukurumidza kutenga imwe ndangariro, nzvimbo, kuendesa zviitiko zvitsva, nezvimwe mumaawa mashoma. Asi vanhu nemaitiro zvinoda kugadzirirwa izvi pachine nguva.
Source: www.habr.com