Ngationei kuti chii chakakosha cheiyo methodology uye kuti ndiani angabatsirike.
Tichazotaurawo nezve DevOps nyanzvi: mabasa avo, mihoro uye hunyanzvi.
mufananidzo /Flickr/CC BY-SA
Chii chinonzi DevOps
DevOps inzira yekuvandudza software ine basa rekutanga kudyidzana pakati pevagadziri vehurongwa uye masystem administrator mukambani. Kana nyanzvi dzeIT kubva kumadhipatimendi akasiyana dzikasanzwisisa mabasa emumwe nemumwe, kuburitswa kwezvikumbiro zvitsva uye zvigadziriso kwavari kunononoka.
DevOps inogadzira "isina musono" yekuvandudza kutenderera, nekudaro ichibatsira kukurumidza kuburitswa kwechigadzirwa chesoftware. Kumhanyisa kunowanikwa kuburikidza nekuunzwa kweautomation masisitimu. Uyezve, vanogadzira mapurogiramu vanotanga kutora chikamu mukumisikidza maseva uye kutsvaga tsikidzi, semuenzaniso, vanogona kunyora otomatiki bvunzo.
Izvi zvinovandudza kudyidzana pakati pemadhipatimendi. Vashandi vanotanga kunzwisisa zviri nani matanho echigadzirwa chesoftware chisati chapinda mumaoko emushandisi.
Kana mugadziri anonzwisisa zvinotarisana nemutongi kana achigadzira sevha, anoedza kutsvedzerera "makona akapinza" mukodhi. Izvi zvinoderedza huwandu hwebhugi paunenge uchitumira application - zvinoenderana nehuwandu, iyo kanenge kashanu.
Ndiani anoda uye asingade iyo methodology
Vakawanda kuti DevOps ichabatsira chero sangano rinogadzira software. Izvi ndezvechokwadi kunyangwe iyo kambani iri nyore mutengi weIT masevhisi uye isingakudziri maapplication ayo. Mune ino kesi, kuita tsika yeDevOps ichakubatsira iwe kutarisa pane hunyanzvi.
Kubvisa kutanga, asi pano zvese zvinoenderana nehukuru hweprojekiti. Kana chinangwa chako chiri chekuvhura chigadzirwa chinogoneka zvishoma (MVP) kuyedza zano idzva, saka unogona kuita pasina DevOps. Semuenzaniso, muvambi weGroupon akatanga kushanda pabasa nemaoko zvese zvinopihwa pawebhusaiti uye akaunganidza maodha. Haana kushandisa chero maturusi otomatiki.
Izvo chete zvine musoro kushandisa otomatiki nzira uye maturusi kana application yatanga kuwana mukurumbira. Izvi zvichabatsira kugadzirisa bhizinesi maitiro uye nekukasira kuburitswa kwezvigadziriso.
Maitiro ekushandisa DevOps
Pazasi pane mamwe ekurudziro ekuchinja kune nzira itsva.
Ziva matambudziko mumaitiro ebhizinesi. Usati washandisa nzira, simbisa zvinangwa nezvinetso zvesangano. Iyo zano rekushandura kuenda kuDevOps ichatsamira pavari. Kuti uite izvi, ita rondedzero yemibvunzo, semuenzaniso:
- Chii chinotora nguva yakawanda paunenge uchivandudza software?
- Zvinoita here kuita otomatiki iyi nzira?
- Mamiriro esangano anokanganisa izvi here?
Dzidza zvakawanda pamusoro pekuziva matambudziko musangano Β«"Uye"Β»kubva kuvanyori vemaitiro.
Shandura tsika mukambani. Zvakakosha kugonesa vashandi vese kuti vachinje nzira dzavanogara dzekushanda uye kuwedzera huwandu hwavo hwehunyanzvi. Semuenzaniso, paFacebook vese vanogadzira mapurogiramu yehupenyu hwese hwekushandisa: kubva pakukodha kusvika pakuita. Zvakare, Facebook haina dhipatimendi rekuyedza rakasiyana - bvunzo dzinonyorwa nevagadziri pachavo.
Tanga zvishoma. Sarudza maitiro anotora nguva yakawanda uye kushanda nesimba paunenge uchiburitsa zvigadziriso uye wozvigadzirisa. Izvi kuedza kana kushandiswa kwekutsvaga maitiro. Nyanzvi Danho rekutanga nderekushandisa yakagoverwa vhezheni yekudzora maturusi. Vanoita kuti zvive nyore kubata masosi. Pakati pemhinduro dzakadai, dzinonyanya kuzivikanwa ndeyeGit, Mercurial, Subversion (SVN) uye CVS.
Izvo zvakakoshawo kutarisisa kune inoenderera mberi yekubatanidza masisitimu ane basa rekuunganidza uye kuyedza chigadzirwa chekupedzisira. Mienzaniso yezvishandiso zvakadaro: Jenkins, TeamCity uye Bamboo.
Ongorora kuvandudzwa. Gadzira maitiro ekuita metrics ekugadzirisa mhinduro uye gadzira cheki cheki. Metrics inogona kusanganisira kuburitswa frequency, nguva inoshandiswa kushanda pane software maficha, uye huwandu hwebugs mukodhi. Kurukura mhedzisiro kwete chete nevatungamiriri, asiwo nevamwe vese veboka rinobatanidzwa muchirongwa. Bvunza kuti ndeapi maturusi asipo. Tora izvi zvikumbiro paunenge uchiwedzera kugadzirisa maitiro ako.
Kutsoropodza kweDevOps
Kunyangwe iyo methodology masangano anogona kuita sarudzo nekukurumidza maererano nekuvandudza application, nhamba yezvikanganiso mu software uye inokurudzira vashandi kuti vadzidze zvinhu zvitsva, inewo vatsoropodzi.
kune kuti vanogadzira mapurogiramu havafanirwe kunzwisisa ruzivo rwebasa revatariri vehurongwa. Zvinonzi, DevOps inotungamira kune chokwadi chekuti panzvimbo yebudiriro kana manejimendi nyanzvi, kambani ine vanhu vanonzwisisa zvese, asi pamusoro.
Zvinotendwa zvakare kuti DevOps nekusatungamira zvakanaka. Kana zvikwata zvekusimudzira uye admin zvisina zvinangwa zvakafanana, ndivo maneja ndivo vane mhosva yekusaronga kutaurirana pakati pezvikwata. Kugadzirisa dambudziko iri, chinodiwa haisi nzira itsva, asi hurongwa hwekuongorora vatungamiri zvichienderana nemhinduro kubva kune vari pasi. Unogona kuzviverenga pano, .
mufananidzo /Flickr/CC BY-SA
Ndiani DevOps Injiniya
Injiniya yeDevOps inoshandisa nzira yeDevOps. Inowiriranisa matanho ese ekugadzira chigadzirwa chesoftware: kubva pakunyora kodhi kusvika pakuyedza uye kuburitsa chishandiso. Nyanzvi yakadaro inodzora madhipatimendi ekusimudzira uye manejimendi, uye otomatiki maitirwo emabasa avo nekuunza akasiyana software maturusi.
Hunyengeri hweinjiniya yeDevOps ndeyekuti anosanganisa hunyanzvi hwakawanda: maneja, mugadziri, muedzi uye maneja.
Joe Sanchez, muevhangeri weDevOps kuVMware, kambani yevirtualization software, huwandu hwehunyanzvi hunofanirwa kuve nainjiniya weDevOps. Pamusoro peruzivo rwuri pachena rweDevOps methodology, munhu uyu anofanirwa kuve neruzivo rwekutonga Windows neLinux masisitimu anoshanda uye ruzivo rwekushanda nematurusi emagetsi senge. , , . Anofanirawo kukwanisa kunyora zvinyorwa uye kodhi mumitauro mishoma uye kunzwisisa hunyanzvi hwetiweki.
Injiniya yeDevOps ine mutoro kune chero otomatiki yemabasa ane chekuita nekugadzirisa uye kutumira maapplication. Software monitoring inowirawo pamapfudzi ake. Kuti agadzirise matambudziko aya, anoshandisa akasiyana masisitimu ekugadzirisa masisitimu, virtualization mhinduro uye makore maturusi ekuenzanisa zviwanikwa.
Ndiani ari hire
DevOps mainjiniya anogona kubatsira chero sangano rinogadzira zvikumbiro kana kubata nhamba huru yemaseva. DevOps mainjiniya IT hofori dzakaita seAmazon, Adobe uye Facebook. Ivo zvakare vanoshanda paNetflix, Walmart uye Etsy.
DevOps mainjiniya anongotanga chete. Basa ravo nderekuburitsa chigadzirwa chinogoneka chidiki chekuyedza zano idzva. Muzviitiko zvakawanda, kutanga kunogona kuita pasina DevOps.
Mari yakawanda sei
DevOps mainjiniya kupfuura chero ani zvake muindasitiri. Avhareji yemari yenyanzvi dzakadaro pasi rose inotangira kubva ku100 kusvika ku125 zviuru zvemadhora pagore.
MuUSA ivo 90 zviuru zvemadhora pagore (500 zviuru rubles pamwedzi). MuCanada ivo 122 zviuru zvemadhora pagore (670 zviuru rubles pamwedzi), uye muUK - 67,5 zviuru mapaundi sterling pagore (490 zviuru rubles pamwedzi).
Kana ari Russia, Moscow makambani bhadhara nyanzvi dzeDevOps kubva ku100 kusvika ku200 zviuru rubles pamwedzi. MuSt. Petersburg, vashandirwi vane rupo zvishoma - vanopa 160-360 zviuru rubles pamwedzi. Mumatunhu, mihoro inotorwa pa100-120 zviuru rubles pamwedzi.
Maitiro ekuve nyanzvi yeDevOps
DevOps inzira nyowani muIT, saka hapana yakasimbiswa rondedzero yezvinodiwa kune DevOps mainjiniya. Muzvinzvimbo, pakati pezvinodiwa pachinzvimbo ichi unogona kuwana zvese Debian uye CentOS manejimendi hunyanzvi uye kugona kushanda nemadhisiki madhiraivha. .
Zvichienderana neizvi, tinogona kugumisa kuti, chekutanga, injinjini yeDevOps inofanirwa kunge ine yakanaka tekinoroji maonero. Zvakakosha kuti munhu akadaro agare achidzidza zvishandiso zvitsva uye matekinoroji.
Nzira iri nyore yekuve injinjiniya yeDevOps ingave system maneja kana kuvandudza. Vanotova nehunyanzvi hwakawanda hunongoda kuvandudzwa. Basa guru nderekuvandudza iyo shoma seti yeruzivo muDevOps, kunzwisisa maitiro ekushanda nematurusi otomatiki uye kuzadza mapundu mukutonga, kuronga uye hunyanzvi hwekuita.
Kuti unzwisise apo ruzivo ruchiri kushaikwa, unogona kushandisa kana . Vagari veHacker News zvakare verenga mabhuku ""Uye""(izvo zvatataura pamusoro) uye"Β»pasi pechitambi cheO'Reilly Media.
Iwe unogona zvakare kunyoresa ku , verenga nyaya dzine musoro uye tanga kutaurirana neDevOps mainjiniya mukati . Izvo zvakakoshawo kutarisa makosi emahara pa kana .
Zvinyorwa kubva kublog yedu:
Source: www.habr.com