Cherechedza: rakabudiswa paMedium muChirungu. Iine zvakare makotesheni kubva kune vakapindura uye zvinongedzo kune vatori vechikamu. A shorted version inowanikwa se .
Chidzidzo chacho chiri pamusoro pei?
Izwi rekuti DWeb (Decentralized Web, Dweb) kana kazhinji kazhinji inobata kwehuwandu hwetekinoroji hutsva hunozoshandura dandemutande mumakore mashoma anotevera. Takataura nevapinduri 631 avo parizvino vari kushanda nematekinoroji akagoverwa uye kuvaka dandemutande.
Muchidzidzo ichi, takanyora misoro pamusoro pekufambira mberi kwazvino uye zvipingaidzo zvikuru zvinosangana nevagadziri muwebhu nyowani. Sezvinoita matekinoroji ese matsva, kune zvakawanda zvinonetsa pakugadzira mhinduro dzakasarudzika, asi mufananidzo wese uri kuvimbisa: iyo webhu inopihwa vimbiso yakawanda nemukana.
Iyo Webhu yakatanga kuumbwa naTim Berners-Lee seyavhurika, yakadzikama network yekudyidzana. Nekufamba kwenguva, iwo mashanu tech hofori akatanga kugadzira mushandisi-ane hushamwari uye akadhonzera kumberi, achiwana yakakosha misa.
Zvakanakira vanhu kushandisa nekukurumidza uye mahara masevhisi, kutaurirana neshamwari, vanozivana uye vateereri. Zvakadaro, kurerukira uku kwekudyidzana kwevanhu kune kuderera. Zvizhinji zvezviitiko zvekuongorora kwevashandisi, censorship, kutyorwa kwekuvanzika uye akasiyana mhedzisiro yezvematongerwo enyika ari kuwanikwa. Zvese izvi chigadzirwa checentralized data control.
Iye zvino mapurojekiti akawanda uye akawanda ari kugadzira zvivakwa zvakazvimirira uye kuyedza kubvisa vamiriri muchimiro cheFAANG.
Mukutanga kwe2000s, mapurojekiti makuru eIndie - Napster, Tor uye BitTorrent - akaratidzira kudzokera kune decentralization. Vakazovharwa nevanokwikwidza pakati pavo.
Kufarira kuendesa matunhu kwakadzikira, uye kwakamutsiridzwa nekuuya kwebasa resainzi pamari itsva yakasarudzika - Bitcoin, yakanyorwa naSatoshi Nakamoto.
Kubva panguva ino zvichienda mberi, mitsva yeDWeb protocol, senge IPFS, inovhura nzira yekuchinja kwakakosha muwebhu. Uye mapurojekiti akasara kubva kumavambo 2000s, akadai seTor, I2P uye kunyange Mixnets, ari kupinda muchikamu chitsva chebudiriro. Ikozvino, chizvarwa chese chezvirongwa nevagadziri vari kutevera chiono chepakutanga chewebhu yakasarudzika yakaumbwa naTim Berners-Lee muna 1990 kuCERN.
Pakave nekusawirirana kunoonekwa munharaunda pamusoro pekuti iyo webhu nyowani yaive chii. Tsvagiridzo yedu inoratidza misimboti yakajairika yakagovaniswa nevagadziri munzvimbo ino.
Chidzidzo chinotanga nekuongororwa kwematambudziko akanyanya kukosha neWebhu yazvino uye inopera nekuti iyo DWeb ingakunda sei matambudziko ainosangana nawo.
Main mhedziso
- Mapurojekiti mazhinji haasati asvika makore maviri, izvo zvinoratidza kuti DWeb ichiri kubuda uye inoramba iri tekinoroji ichangoburwa.
- Zvikamu zvitatu zvevakapindura vanotenda kuti DWeb inotungamirirwa zvikuru nemafungiro uye chido, uye kuti haisati yanzwisiswa nevashandisiwo zvavo.
- Kuvanzika kwedata uye kutonga pamusoro payo, pamwe nekusimba tekinoroji kune kukundikana, ndizvo zvinonyanya kutarisirwa maficha eDWeb.
- Matambudziko makuru pakugadzira DWeb anokonzerwa nevezera-kune-vezera tekinoroji uye kusakura kwehunyanzvi hutsva.
- Vagadziri vanonyanya kunetseka nezveDNS, application layer protocol SMTP, XMPP, nezvimwewo, pamwe neHTTP.
- Iko hakuna mabhizinesi emhando muDWeb ecosystem parizvino; inopfuura hafu yemapurojekiti haana chero monetization modhi.
- IPFS neEthereum ndivo vatungamiri pakati petekinoroji huru iyo vanopindura vanoshandisa kugadzira DWeb application.
- Kufarira muDWeb pakati pevagadziri kwakakwirira, asi nzira yekushandiswa kwayo ine minzwa: zvivakwa zviduku uye zvinoda kuvandudzwa, uye vashandisi vanoda kudzidziswa mune zvakanakira kushandisa DWeb zvichienzaniswa nevepakati pevamwe.
- Zvisineyi, mukana wekudzimisa dandemutande wewebhu unonzwisisika, uye kana denda razvino reCCIDID-19 rikava nemhedzisiro yakanaka, kunogona kuve kuziva kwevazhinji nezvekuenda kune masevhisi.
Zviri mukati
3.1
3.2
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
5.1
5.2
5.3
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.5
Misiyano pakati peWebhu 3.0 neDWeb
Munguva yekudzidza kweDWeb tekinoroji, isu takatungamirwa nemisiyano yakati wandei mukuona kwekugoverwa kwewebhu tekinoroji zvichienzaniswa neWebhu 3.0. Kunyanya, matsanangurirwo evagadziri uye vatsigiri venharaunda vanotsanangura ramangwana rematemu maviri asina kujeka.
Mhinduro dzeongororo dzinoratidza kuti pane kupindirana kwakakosha muzvinangwa zvese uye zviono zveDWeb neWebhu 3.0.
Webhu 3.0, inonyanya kusundwa nenharaunda ye blockchain, inoisa simbiso pane zvekutengesa - mari, e-commerce, AI uye data hombe kumakambani. Vatsigiri veDWeb (zvakadai seIPFS neInternet Archive), zvakasiyana, vanonyanya kutarisisa pfungwa yedecentralization: data changamire, chengetedzo, kuvanzika uye censorship kuramba. DWeb mapurojekiti anovhara huwandu hwakawanda hwehunyanzvi hwekuvandudza tekinoroji kupfuura Webhu 3.0.
Pakazere, iwo maviri maonero einotevera iteration yetiweki haana kupindirana uye anogona kunyatso zadzisa mumwe nemumwe.
Panyaya yekufambisa chidzidzo, zvakanakisisa kutarisa maonero evatsigiri veDWeb uye kuti zviitiko izvi (semuenzaniso, P2P, kuchengetedzwa kwenzvimbo, kuvanzika kwedata) zvichagadzirisa zvivakwa zvewebhu ramangwana.
Vatori vechikamu
Chidzidzo ichi chaisanganisira ongororo yakapedzwa ne631 vakapindura, avo 231 vari kushanda nesimba pamapurojekiti ane chekuita neDWeb.
1. Kwawakabva kupi?
Ongororo iyi yaive nemibvunzo makumi matatu nemasere. Kugovaniswa kwezvikamu mumhinduro kunobva pasarudzo isina kuganhurirwa yemhinduro nevakapindura - muzviitiko zvizhinji mhinduro yose inodarika zana kubva muzana.
Sample yekudzidza yakatarisana zvakanyanya nevagadziri uye mainjiniya anoshanda pamapurojekiti ane chekuita neDWeb. Isu takanga tisina kunanga kune vanogadzira blockchain, saka ivo vanoumba chikamu chidiki chevose vanopindura.
Kune avo vanoda kuona iyo mbishi data, isu takaburitsa zvisingazivikanwe mhedzisiro.
Current Web
Iyo dandemutande sezvatinoziva yakashanduka mukati memakumi maviri emakore apfuura. Ruzivo rwunowanikwa ipapo uye pasina muripo. Zvishandiso zvine simba zvakavakwa pamusoro pezvivakwa zviripo. Indasitiri yesevhisi-yakatarisana negore komputa iri kubudirira. Nyika yese yakabatana kuburikidza nekutaurirana nekukurumidza.
Nekudaro, iyo dandemutande yazvino yakaita zvimwe kuseri kwezviitiko. IInternet iri kuvandudza sekondi yega yega, inotora data rakawanda, ichiwedzera uye kubatanidza simba. Nekuda kweizvozvo, vashandisi vanove sosi uye kuvanzika kwavo kunotora kumashure, kunyanya kana zvasvika pakugadzira mari yekushambadzira.
Muchikamu chino, isu tinoongorora mafungiro evatori vechikamu uye tekinoroji kufunga nezve chimiro cheWebhu iripo.
Nzvimbo dzakanyanya kutambudzika padandemutande razvino
Maonero akajairwa pamusoro pemamiriro eiyo network yazvino anonyanya kuenderana nekusagadzikana kwakaratidzwa. Chekutanga pane zvese, ivo vanobva mudambudziko rakajairika - centralized data kuchengetedza. Mhedzisiro yacho inosuruvarisa mhedzisiro kubva pakudonha kukuru kwedata kusvika kune censorship levers kubva kuFAANG nehurumende.
2. Doma matambudziko makuru muWebhu yazvino
Pakutanga kuona, dzakawanda dzenyaya dzakanyanya kukosha dzinogona kuita sedzinotungamirwa uye dzakaganhurirwa nemaonero evanomiririra zvakavanzika. Nekudaro, chizvarwa chidiki, vateereri vakuru vevashandisi vetiweki, vanowedzera vane mibvunzo. Ivo vaneta nekushambadzira kunopinda, kuburitswa kwedata, uye kushomeka kwese kwekutonga data kana kuvanzika.
- Pakati pehuwandu hwevakapindura, kunyanya kunetseka kwakakonzerwa nekudonha kukuru kwedata remunhu, sezvaive zvakaita ΠΈ - maererano ne68,5% yevakapindura.
- Censorship uye zvirambidzo zvekuwana zvakatemerwa nevese tech hofori nehurumende dzakaisa yechipiri neyechitatu, zvichienderana ne66% uye 65% yevakapindura.
- Kushambadzira uchishandisa data rako pachako - 61%
- Mushandisi data kubva kumashandisirwo - 53%
Zvinonakidza kuziva kuti huwandu hwemafungiro hunoratidza kusada kwakasimba kune yazvino paradigm yewebhu, kunyanya kana zvasvika pamabatiro ari kuita mari pawebhu parizvino.
Hazvinei kuti mhedzisiro yenguva refu yekushambadzira mari (senge pakati pepakati data control uye kupinda kwekuvanzika) zvinokanganisa β vanopindura havasi kugutsikana nemhedzisiro.
Pamusoro pezvo, vakapindura vakaratidza kusafarira kune akavharwa masisitimu. Kunyanya kunetsa kuvharwa kwechigadzirwa kana kushaikwa kwekutonga kwemushandisi pane yavo data. Vashandisi vane kudzora kushoma pane izvo zvemukati zvavanoona mumafidi, data, kana kufamba mukati meakavharwa masisitimu. Zvimwe zvinosvikirika uye zvekushandisa-hushamwari zviyero zvinoda kuwanikwa.
3. Chii chinofanira kugadziriswa muwebhu iripo kutanga?
Mhinduro dzakati dzika tsinhiro pamusoro penzvimbo dzakanyanya kutambudzika.
- Data changamire ndiye akahwina akajeka. Zvakare, 75,5% yevakapindura vakaratidza kuti kudzorera kutonga kwe data kumushandisi kwakakosha.
- Kuvanzika kwedata - 59%
- Tekinoroji kusimba kune zvinokanganisa zviitiko kana njodzi (semuenzaniso, mune iyo Cloudflare) - 56%
- Chengetedzo, kunyanya kushandiswa kwakapararira kwekriptographic siginecha mumashandisirwo - 51%
- Network kusazivikanwa - 42%
Pane zvakajeka kusagutsikana kuri kukura ne centralized data repositories uye simba re FAANG makambani. Iko kukurumidza shanduko yezvishandiso senge cryptography inopa tariro yekukunda data monopoly uye kukonzeresa kushungurudzwa kwekuvanzika. Naizvozvo, vanopindura vanosarudza kubva kune yekuvimba modhi kuenda kune wechitatu bato.
Webhu protocol
4. Chii chinoda kuwedzerwa kana kuchinjwa mumaprotocol aripo?
Mhinduro kumubvunzo uyu dzakasiyana zvikuru mumaonero.
- Yakavakwa-mukati-mukati yedata remunhu - 44%
- Yakavakwa-mukati mushandisi kutendeseka - 42%
- Kushanda pasina Indaneti nekusingaperi - 42%
- Yakavakwa-mukati peer-to-peer layer - 37%
- Dzimwe mhinduro, senge chitupa-chakazvimiririra chiziviso uye chechokwadi chemushandisi - 37% - inogona kuiswa muboka pasi pechikamu chakafara che data rako pachako.
Mune mamwe mazwi, vakapindura vakataura kushaikwa kwezviyero uye kuomarara kwekuumbwa sematambudziko makuru kune zvipimo zvezvibvumirano zviripo. Pamusoro pezvo, vamwe vanogadzira vakaratidzawo kushomeka kwemamodhi emushandisi akavakirwa mumaprotocol. Kunyatsokurudzira vanhu kushandisa masevhisi eDWeb kunogona kuve kwakakosha kuvakwezva kuti vavhure webhu protocol.
5. Ndeapi aripo eInternet maprotocol anoda kugadziridzwa?
Ndichiri kutarisa mune zvimwe zvehunyanzvi zvehunyanzvi, vatori vechikamu vakabvumirana pane chaiwo maprotocol anoda kugadziridzwa. Somuenzaniso izvi:
- Resource Addressing Layer (DNS) mitemo - 52%
- Kukurukurirana protocol (SMTP, XMPP, IRC) - 38%
- HTTP - 29%
Chimwe chezvakawanikwa zvakanyanya kwaive kudiwa kwenzvimbo yakachengeteka yekufambisa, kureva kuishongedza nekuchengetedza data, kutonga kwekodzero dzedhijitari, uye kunyange kuunza Tor muchikamu chekutakura.
Zvisineyi, vamwe vatori vechikamu vanopokana nezvenzira yekuendesa matunhu. Chikonzero iko kudiwa kwekuwedzera kuvandudzwa kwehardware yakagadziridzwa yedecentralized protocol. Sekuona kwavo, zviri nani kungowedzera maprotocol aripo pane kuachinja zvachose.
DWeb
Concept of decentralization
6. βDβ anorevei muDweb?
Vara rekuti βDβ muDWeb rinomirira decentralized, kureva kuti, imwe mhando yedhisheni kana kuti decentralized system. Iko hakuna tsanangudzo yakajeka yehurongwa hwakadaro, asi mukuita inogona kunge iri kufamba kune simba kubva kumuenzaniso wepakati wetiweki yezvino kusvika kune yakagadziriswa. Zvisinei, kufamba kwakadaro hakuna mutsara uye kunotarisana nemamwe matambudziko.
Ichi chikamu chechidzidzo chinoburitsa mabasa uye tarisiro yekushandisa iyo DWeb pfungwa.
Sevanopindura vanocherekedza, mafambiro akananga kuDWeb ane ideologically oriented.
- Vazhinji vanonzwisisa DWeb seyakavakirwa dhizaini network, uko pasina imwe pfungwa yekutadza kana kuunganidza data - 82%,
- 64% yevatori vechikamu vanoona Dweb senge network isingadzoreki nezvematongerwo enyika,
- 39% cherechedza kuti network logic inofanirwa kuderedzwa,
- 37% yevakapindura vakaratidza kuti network inofanira "kugoverwa" kana "kugadzikiswa" maererano ne "trust not, verify" musimboti, apo zvese zvinoonekwa.
Vanopindura vane tarisiro huru yeDWeb sechivakwa chepfungwa. Inofanira kunge inopfuura kungoita hutsva hwehunyanzvi network. Inofanirwa kunge iri chishandiso chinosimudzira nharaunda yekubatana paInternet. Kushandiswa kwakakura kweyakavhurika sosi kunogona kutungamira kune kuvandudzwa scalability uye kuvandudzwa kwemamwe ane simba tsika zvikumbiro. Nekuda kweizvozvo, makambani nevashandisi vewebhu vanogona kushandisa huwandu hukuru hwezviwanikwa zvakamboparadzaniswa nemakambani.
DWeb Values ββuye Mission
Sezvatakamboona, zvinotariswa neDWeb, sekureva kwevakapindura, zvine hukama nehukuru hwe data, censorship kuramba / redundancy, uye kuvanzika. Mhinduro dzakasara dzinoshanda sewedzero kuzvinotariswa zvikuru mune imwe nzira kana imwe.
7. Ndedzipi shanduko huru dzaunofunga kuti DWeb inogona kuunza?
- Kutora zvakare kutonga kwe data rako pachako - 75%
- Kutadza kukanganisa kana kuongorora zvirimo - 55%
- Hapana mushandisi wekutevera kana kuongorora - 50%
Maonero evakabvunzwa hapana mubvunzo kuti ane chishuwo. Asi izvi ndizvo zvinodiwa neiyo itsva DWeb zvivakwa, uye sezvatichaona, kune akati wandei shanduko yetekinoroji inotsigira kufamba uku.
8. Chii chinotonhorera nezveDWeb tekinoroji zvichienzaniswa neWebhu yechinyakare?
Mhinduro kumubvunzo uyu dzakatsamira zvakanyanya pa "zvinokosha uye chinangwa," zvakare zvichiratidza hunhu hweDWeb.
- Kuchengetedza - 43%
- Nharaunda uye rutsigiro - 31%
- Kugarisana - 31%
- Scalability - 30%
Offline / yenzvimbo yekuvandudza application, yakaderera latency uye yakanyanya kukanganisa kushivirira kwakataurwa seyakanyanya tekinoroji mabhenefiti eDWeb mune zvakataurwa.
Matambudziko ounyanzvi
9. Ndeapi matekinoroji anogona kubatsira mukushandiswa kwakawanda kweDWeb?
Mhinduro dzeongororo muchikamu chino dzakaburitsa maonero evatori vechikamu pamichina inozobatsira kuunza dandemutande idzva.
- p2p kutaurirana protocol - 55%
- Kero-Yakavakirwa Kuchengetera - 54,5%
- P2P faira kugovera - 51%
- Decentralized DNS - 47%
- Yakavanzika-yakatarisana network - 46%
10. Wakamboedza kuita maapplication neDWeb technologies? Ndedzipi chaizvo?
- IPFS - 36%
- Ethereum - 25%
- Zuva - 14%
- Libp2p -12%
IPFS neEthereum kunyanya vari pakati peanokurumidza kukurumidza kuvhurwa sosi mapurojekiti ezvese DWeb maapplication uye mapuroteni.
Vagadziri vacho vakataurawo akati wandei mamwe mapurojekiti, anosanganisira WebTorrent, Freenet, Textile, Holochain, 3Box, Embark, Radicle, Matrix, Urbit, Tor, BitTorrent, Statebus / Braid, Peerlinks, BitMessage, Yjs, WebRTC, Hyperledger Fabric nevamwe vazhinji. .
11. Chii chinokuodza mwoyo zvakanyanya pamusoro peDWeb tekinoroji?
Zvakafanana neyedu gore rapfuura , kuvhiringidzika kuzhinji kwakanyorwa kwakakonzerwa nokushaikwa kwezvinyorwa. Isu tinoona chinhu chimwe chete neDWeb tekinoroji.
- Kunyanya, kuodzwa mwoyo kukuru kushaikwa kwezvinyorwa, zvidzidzo, mavhidhiyo uye zvimwe zviwanikwa zvekudzidzisa zvevagadziri - 44%
- Pane zvakare dambudziko nekunzwisisa kupi uye sei kushandisa Dweb matekinoroji mukuita - 42%
- Kuoma kwekubatanidza matekinoroji kune mumwe nemumwe - 40%
- Matambudziko ekuyera akaparadzirwa matekinoroji - 21%
Kuti mazhinji ezvipimo izvi zvakamisikidzwa gore rapfuura mhedzisiro ye blockchain application inogona kazhinji kuve yakakonzerwa nekushaikwa kwekugadzirira matekinoroji matsva.
Kushaikwa kwemasevhisi, kusapindirana kwesevhisi, kupatsanurwa, kushaikwa kwezvinyorwa, uye maprotocol akawanda akasarudzika ekusarudza kubva achiri mubudiriro zvaivewo pakati pezvinhu zvinoodza mwoyo zvakanyanya zvakataurwa nevakapindura.
12. Doma iyo yakanyanya kuoma hunyanzvi nyaya mukusimudzira uchishandisa P2P
Mhinduro kumubvunzo nezve kuomerwa kweDWeb yakanangana nedambudziko chairo mukuita p2p mapurojekiti. Tinoona zvakare matambudziko ambotaurwa.
- Kuwedzera matambudziko - 34%
- Kugadzikana kwekubatana pakati pevezera mune network - 31%
- Kubudirira - 25%
* * *
Chikamu chinotevera chichabatsira kune vanogadzira vanofarira matambudziko chaiwo muDWeb ecosystem. Mamwe ematambudziko eDweb anosanganisira tekinoroji kuomarara, senge akaturikidzana P2P architecture.
DWeb zviri pachena kuti ine dambudziko rekukurudzira vashandisi. Dzimwe nyaya dzisina kugadziriswa dzine chekuita nenyaya dzekunyoresa mushandisi, network latency, kuwanikwa kwevezera, mutengo wekuyedza network, uye nyaya dzekubatanidza data.
Pamusoro pezvo, kune mamwe matambudziko echirongwa uye kusawirirana kwebrowser, kusagadzikana kwetiweki, manejimendi ekuzivikanwa kwemushandisi uye analytics.
Kushandisa DWeb tekinoroji mune ramangwana
13. Unokwanisa sei kushandisa matekinoroji eDWeb muchirongwa chako chinotevera?
Vakapindura vari kutoshanda pamapurojekiti eDWeb vakaratidza chido chikuru chekushandisa matekinoroji eDWeb muchirongwa chavo chinotevera. Sezvineiwo, vagadziri vaingofarira tekinoroji yeDWeb vakaratidza kusarudzika kwakaderera kwekushandisa matekinoroji eDWeb kupurojekiti yavo inotevera.
Zvichida vanogadzira vanofarira vari kungomirira kuti tekinoroji ikure zvishoma vasati vatanga kuishandisa. Kune rimwe divi, vanogadzira vatove vachishanda neDWeb havadi kurasikirwa nenguva yavo, simba uye mupiro kune iyo pfungwa yakazara, uye vacharamba vachishanda neDWeb kune ramangwana rinoonekwa.
Kuitwa kweDWeb
14. Doma zvipingaidzo zvakanyanya kuoma munzira yekuenda kuDWeb
Pasinei nematambudziko ehunyanzvi akatarisana neDWeb kuramba achikura, haasi iwo chipingamupinyi chikuru - dambudziko nderevashandisi.
- Vashandisi havazive zvakakwana nezveDWeb uye mabhenefiti ayo - 70%
- Kusavapo kwehunyanzvi hutsva - 49%
- FAANG kuramba - 42%
- Kushaikwa kwemhando dzebhizinesi dzeDWeb mapurojekiti - 38%
- Kushaikwa kwekubatanidzwa kweiyo decentralized tekinoroji nemawebhu browser - 37%
Zvinoita sekuti mabhizinesi epakati anofambiswa nedata uye chimiro chetiweki chazvino chichabudirira kudzamara ruzivo rwevashandisi rwasvika padanho rekupedzisira uye mapurojekiti eDWeb anowana nzira dzinoshanda dzekuita mari.
15. Chii chaizvo chiri kudzivirira kutorwa kwevanhu vakawanda kweDWeb application/protocol yako?
- Kusagadzirira kweprojekiti - 59%
- Kuoma kudzidzisa / kutsanangurira vashandisi vatsva mashandiro anoita DWeb - 35,5%
- Zvishoma nhamba yevashandisi veDWeb - 24%
Kuziva kwemushandisi wetekinoroji yakasarudzika kwakakosha kuti uvabvise kubva kune yepakati, yechinyakare paradigm inotonga webhu nhasi. Pamwe chete neiyo UX/UI mabhenefiti epakati masisitimu, iyo DWeb ideology inounza zvimwe zvakawanda zvakanaka zvevashandisi. Parizvino, kunzwisisa uye kunyanya kushandisa kwakanyanya kuoma kune avhareji mushandisi pasina tekinoroji kumashure. Kutangisa akawanda p2p maapplication kwakasiyana nekutanga maapplication enguva dzose.
DWeb masevhisi parizvino anenge asingagoneke kushandisa kubva kune echinyakare mabhurawuza. Uye kuchine akati wandei DWeb masevhisi aunogona kushandisa zuva nezuva. Zvese izvi zviri pakati pezvipingamupinyi izvo vashandisi vatsva veiyo decentralized web vanotarisana nazvo.
Basa reBlockchain
Tekinoroji yeBlockchain yaive pamusoro pekuzivikanwa kwayo panguva yekuvhurwa kweICO pakupera kwa2017. Kubva ipapo, vanogadzira uye makambani vanga vachidyidzana neakasiyana blockchain masevhisi ane akasiyana madhigirii ekubudirira.
Mhinduro dzakapatsanurwa pakati peavo vanotsigira Bitcoin neindasitiri yayo inoperekedza cryptocurrency, uye avo vasingatendi kuti blockchain inogona kuve mhinduro kumatambudziko ese. Maonero pamusoro pe blockchain anosiyana zvakanyanya, kunyanya maererano nekuita kwayo uye zvayakaipira zvichienzaniswa neyepakati masisitimu.
Mhedzisiro yacho inoratidza kusahadzika kuri kukura pakati pevagadziri nezve zvakanakira uye zvakaipira kushandisa blockchain. Panzvimbo yekuyedza kuvaka zvese pa blockchain uye uchiti ndiyo panacea yezvakaipa zvenyika, vanopindura vanongofarira mashandisiro ayo mune ramangwana.
16. Iwe unofungei nezve basa re blockchain?
- Blockchain haisi mhinduro kumatambudziko ose - 58%
- Blockchain yakanakira mari yedhijitari uye kubhadhara - 54%
- Blockchain yakanakira maID ID - 36%
- Kubatsira kwe blockchain kune dzakasiyana siyana dzeDWeb mabasa - 33%
- Blockchain inogona kushandiswa mudhijitari certification - 31%
- Blockchain tekinoroji "kutambisa nguva" - 14%
DWeb Projects
Mhando dzemapurojekiti
Vapinduri vanoshanda pamapurojekiti akasiyana eDWeb vakapararira pasirese, uye vanoshanda mumapurojekiti maviri asingazivikanwe uye ane mukurumbira mundima iyi. Mamwe emapurojekiti anozivikanwa zvikuru anosanganisira IPFS, Dat neOrbitDB, ane madiki anosanganisira Lokinet, Radicle, Textile, nemamwe.
17. Mhando dzeDWeb mapurojekiti
Mhando dzeDWeb mapurojekiti akasiyana zvakanyanya. Takavapfupisa mumapoka zvichienderana nezvinangwa zvavo. Heano mafambiro anonyanya kufarirwa ayo vanopindura vanopa zvavanoda zvepfungwa:
- Nzvimbo dzekuchengetedza data uye kuchinjana - 27
- Social network - 17
- Mari - 16
Sezvineiwo, social media censorship uye kugona kushoma kugovera data pasina kushandisa FAANG zvivakwa zvakadomwa sedzimwe dzenyaya dzinonyanya kunetsa newebhu iripo.
Mukuwedzera, shanduko yezvemari inoratidzwa mune inonyanya kushandiswa kushandiswa kweDeFi paEthereum ndiko kubatanidzwa kwe blockchain teknolojia uye DWeb P2P protocol.
Mhando dzemapurojekiti eDWeb anonyatsoratidza zvinofarirwa nevatori vechidzidzo. Vanoratidza kuti mapurojekiti ari kushanda pamatambudziko epasirese kwete theoretical tekinoroji mapuratifomu.
18. Chii chauri kugadzira - protocol kana application?
Pavanhu vose vakapinda muongororo iyi, vanhu mazana maviri nemakumi matatu nemumwe vakaratidza kuti vari kushanda pachirongwa ichi.
- Kugadzira zvikumbiro zvevashandisi vekupedzisira - 49%
- Kushanda pazvivakwa kana mapuroteni evagadziri - 44%
Chikonzero
19. Sei wakasarudza P2P pamusoro pechivako chepakati chepurojekiti yako?
Vagadziri vakamboona pfungwa yekuda kushandisa DWeb uye P2P matekinoroji. Mumubvunzo wekuti sei vachisarudza peer-to-peer tekinoroji,
- Ruzhinji rwakavakirwa pahunhu hwakakosha hwepfungwa - 72%
- Akasarudza DWeb nekuda kwezvikonzero zvehunyanzvi - 58%
Zvichienderana nezvakataurwa nemhinduro dzemimwe mibvunzo, mhedzisiro yechipiri inoita kunge ine chekuita nehunyanzvi hwetekinoroji hunotsigira hunhu hweDweb. Sezvineiwo, censorship-inodzivirira P2P network, yakagoverwa chengetedzo uye zvimwe zviitiko zveP2P tekinoroji.
Chirongwa uye chimiro chechikwata
20. Chirongwa chako chiri padanho ripi?
- Ichiri pasi pekuvandudzwa - 51%
- Yakatangwa - 29%
- Padanho repfungwa / pfungwa - 15%
- Vari kune mamwe matanho ebudiriro - 5%
21. Unoshanda kwenguva yakareba sei pabasa rako?
Zvichireva kutaura, mapurojekiti mazhinji eDWeb matsva kana achienzaniswa neawo epakati pewebhu vamwe.
- Shanda chete 1 - 2 makore - 31,5%
- Iripo anopfuura makore matatu - 3%
- Shanda isingasviki 1 gore - 17%
22. Vanhu vangani vanoshanda muchirongwa chako?
Saizi dzechikwata dzinosiyana mukati mezvikamu zvidiki.
- Kubva kuvanhu vaviri kusvika kune vashanu - 35%
- Kushanda wega - 34%
- Vanopfuura gumi vanogadzira pachikwata (kazhinji anozivikanwa mapurojekiti akadai seIPFS) - 10%
- Chikwata chevatanhatu kusvika gumi vanogadzira - 6%
Technical specifications
Kana dziri rezenisi yakavhurika sosi mapurojekiti eDWeb, vanogadzira vanosarudza marezinesi anoenderana neakare matekinoroji.
23. Nderipi rezinesi rawakasarudza pachirongwa chako?
- MIT - 42%
- AGPL 3.0 - 21%
- Apache 2.0 - 16,5%
- Sarudzo yekupihwa rezinesi haisati yaitwa - 18,5%
- Usape rezinesi kodhi yavo - 10%
24. Main stack yepurojekiti yako?
Iyo purojekiti stack musanganiswa weanonyanya kushandiswa kumberi-kumagumo, kumashure-kumagumo uye DWeb tekinoroji.
The frontend inonyanya kumiririrwa ne:
- React - 20
- Typescript - 13
- Angular - 8
- electron - 6
Nekumashure, vanopindura vanonyanya kushandisa:
- GO - 25
- Node.js - 33
- Ngura - 24
- Python - 18
Pakazere, kusarudzwa kunoratidza mafambiro akajairika mukuvhurika sosi kusimudzira, seGithub's State of the Octoverse report.
Vatungamiriri muDWeb tekinoroji ndeiyi:
- IPFS - 32
- Ethereum - makumi matatu
- libp2p - 14
- DAT - 10
Mienzaniso yebhizimisi uye mari
25. Ndeipi iyo bhizinesi modhi yepurojekiti yako?
Mhando dzebhizinesi muDWeb dzakaonekwa seimwe yematambudziko makuru akatarisana nevagadziri. Zvakaoma kuburitsa kukosha kubva kune akavhurika maprotocol ayo asinganamate kune centralized data monetization zvirongwa.
- Iko hakuna modhi yekugadzira mari kubva kupurojekiti yako - 30%
- Ndichafunga nezvazvo gare gare - 22,5%
- "Freemium" modhi - 15%
- Yakabhadharwa DWeb chigadzirwa - 15%
Mamwe emafungiro ekuita mari anoramba akabikwa kuti ashandiswe muDWeb. Semuenzaniso, SaaS uye rezinesi zvakataurwa kakawanda mumashoko. Staking uye hutongi mu blockchains zvakataurwa zvakare mumapurojekiti akati wandei. Nepo ivo vaine mukana, vachiri mumatanho ekutanga uye havasati vagadzirira kugamuchirwa kwakapararira.
Mari
Investment inogona kuve yakakosha kushandura zano kuita purojekiti inoshanda.
26. Mari yekutanga yakagamuchirwa sei kupurojekiti yako?
- Iyo DWeb purojekiti inotsigirwa nemuvambi wayo - 53%
- Yakagamuchira mari kubva kune venture mari kana ngirozi dzebhizinesi - 19%
- Yakagamuchira rubatsiro - 15%
- Nhamba yekutengesa zviratidzo uye ICOs yakaderedzwa zvakanyanya kubva 2017, uye inoita chikamu chiduku chezvirongwa zvose - 10%
Vatori vechikamu mukudzidza havana kunyara kutaura kushushikana kwavo nekuomerwa kwekuwana mari yeDWeb.
Vateereri veprojekiti
27. Vateereri vemwedzi wega wega wepurojekiti yako
Dambudziko rekukwezva nekudzidzisa vashandisi rinokanganisa huwandu hwevashandisi veDWeb mapurojekiti. Nhamba yacho inosiyana zvakanyanya, zvichidzika zvichienzaniswa neyepakati maapplication.
- Hausati watanga chigadzirwa - 35%
- Vasingasviki 100 vashandisi pamwedzi - 21%
- Usave nemukana wekuongorora vateereri vavo - 10,5%
- Ivo havazive nhamba yevashandisi - 10%
- Kubva ku100 kusvika ku1K vashandisi - 9%
Mhedziso uye Mhedziso
- Pfungwa ye "DWeb" pakati pevatsigiri vayo inonyanya kufambiswa nezvose zviri zviviri semantics uye zvinangwa zvakakura zve decentralization: data changamire, kuvanzika, anti-censorship, uye shanduko dzinouya navo. Sezviri pachena, zvese izvi ndiyo huru leitmotif uye poindi yekukura kweDweb.
- Mapurojekiti mazhinji uye vanofarira vanopindura vanotsigira hunhu hweDWeb. Hunhu hunotangira pakudzvanya kuongororwa kwehurumende kwevashandisi kumisa tech hofori kubva pakushandisa zvisirizvo data remushandisi.
- Vagadziri vari kufara nezveDWeb, asi kutorwa kwakapararira kweDWeb matekinoroji uye mashandisirwo achiri subpar zvakanyanya. Ruzivo rwakanyanya kushomeka, uye nyaya dzehutongi uye kuvanzika kwedata hazvisati zvanyatso kuziviswa kune veruzhinji. Vagadziri vanotarisana nezvipingamupinyi zvakawanda, kubva pakushaikwa kwezvinyorwa uye maturusi kusvika pakusapindirana kweDWeb tekinoroji nezvivakwa zviripo.
- Vazhinji vashandisi venguva dzose vanowanzobvumirana neiyo DWeb's premise. Nekudaro, zvisingakwanisi zvehunyanzvi zvinotadzisa vanogadzira. Zvishandiso zvisina mushandisi-ushamwari, nekuda kwekuita kana kuoma, semuenzaniso, zviri kudzivirira kutorwa kwakakura kweDWeb tekinoroji.
- Hurumende nemakambani makuru etekinoroji vakaratidza kupokana kwakanyanya mukukwira kwematekinoroji akadzikiswa, kungave mune zvemari, kuvanzika kwedata, kana kuramba censorship. Mafemu makuru etekinoroji haazokwanisi kurega kutonga pamusoro pehuwandu hwakawanda hwe data revashandisi ravanobata. Nekudaro, tekinoroji yeDWeb inogona kuvabvisa. Nheyo dzakateyiwa, uye dzinofanira kuteverwa nekufamba kwakasimba kwevazhinji. Ikozvino ndezvekuvaka zvivakwa zvetekinoroji, kupa zvimwe zvekudzidzisa zvevagadziri uye vese vashandisi vewebhu.
- Kuita mari uye mari inyaya dzakakosha kune DWeb tekinoroji panguva ino. Kuwanikwa kwemari pasina mubvunzo kuchavandudza kana denda rapera. Zvakadaro, mapurojekiti eDWeb anofanirwa kutsvaga nzira nyowani dzekuwedzera kugona kwavo kwemari, kuwedzera kune venture capital kana investimendi kubva kune bhizinesi ngirozi. Tech hofori muchimiro cheFAANGs ane grip uye ari kuratidza penchant yekumisa makwikwi. Pasina mhando dzakakwana dzekuita mari, mapurojekiti eDWeb acharamba achinetseka kuti ave akakodzera uye anokwezva kune ruzhinji.
Chiono cheDWeb ndechekukanganisa akawanda epakati mamodheru, akadai semutengi-server data modhi uye advertising-based bhizinesi modhi, uye kudzoreredza yakagadzikiswa kubva pasi zvichikwira, zvinove zvine shuviro.
DWeb tekinoroji iri kuunza kufarira kwakadzama uye kukura nekukurumidza. Mapurojekiti ane mukurumbira akadai seEthereum neIPFS atove nenhamba huru yevatsigiri. Nekudaro, huwandu hwevashandisi uye kugamuchirwa kwemapurojekiti madiki kuri kudzikira nekuda kwekugadziriswa kwemusika nehofori dzechinyakare tekinoroji. Kuti zvirongwa izvi zvifambire mberi, panodiwa zvivakwa. Semuenzaniso, maturusi ekuvandudza uye zvinyorwa zvinotsigirwa, pamwe nemalevers ekukwezva avhareji mushandisi wewebhu kuDWeb application.
Huwandu hwevashandisi mu crypto, blockchain uye DWeb yakanyanya kushoma kana ichienzaniswa neyakajairwa kunyorera. Nekudaro, zvakawanda zviri kuitika mumakore mashoma anotevera zvinogona kunge zvakakura mukukura kweDWeb. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nezvinhu zvinotevera:
- Kuwedzera kuziva kwekudiwa kwemazinga epamusoro ekuvanzika zvichitevera zvakazarurwa zvekuongororwa kwehurumende, kutyorwa kwakanyanya uye kutyorwa kukuru kwedatha yevatengi. Vashandisi vanoda kutonga pamusoro pe data ravo. Digital kuvanzika iko zvino kuri kudiwa zvakanyanya. DWeb ichakwanisa kuratidza vashandisi mhinduro dzinoshanda.
- Kusavimbika kwehupfumi uye mutemo wemari panguva yedenda inogona kukurudzira vazhinji kuti vaongorore tekinoroji ye crypto, uye nekudaro kuvasuma kune chikamu cheDWeb.
- Kuwedzera kwepasi rose mumapurojekiti akavhurika-sosi, maturusi nemarezinesi kuri kuwedzera pesvedzero mumaindasitiri makuru, kudzikisa zvipingamupinyi zvekuwana nekuvhura mukana weiyo Internet.
- Mabhurawuza makuru ewebhu anobatanidza DWeb maprotocol (akadai seOpera) uye mabhurawuza matsva ari kusimukira (Brave) anogona kuita shanduko kune yakaganhurirwa matekinoroji kuve nyore uye anenge asingaonekwe kune vese vashandisi.
IInternet, kunyangwe yakazvininipisa, yakadzika midzi, yanga ichienda kune centralization kwemakumi emakore.
Kutangazve kwehunyanzvi hwekuita hunyanzvi pamwe nesangano rinoshanda repasi rinovatsigira kwakatipa tariro yekudzvanyirira kumwe kuisa pakati peInternet. Kudzokera kune zvakakosha kwaizoreva iyo Internet yakavhurika, yakavhurika uye inowanikwa, yemahara kubva pakutonga kwehurumende mbiri uye tech hofori.
Ichi chiono chakakodzera kuteedzera, uye ndicho chikonzero nei mainjiniya mazhinji ari kushanda akananga kuchinangwa ichi nhasi. Mhinduro mutsvakurudzo yedu dzakaratidza zvipingamupinyi zvakati wandei pakuona DWeb iri kubudirira, asi mukana wacho ndewechokwadi.
Tinogumisa kuti kunyange zvazvo DWeb iri pachena mumatanho ayo ekutanga, izvi hazvidziviriri kubva kune zvakakosha, uye kunyange kunyatsokodzera, mumufananidzo wekuchinja kwekuda kwevashandisi veWebhu vemazuva ano.
Rondedzero yevakapinda muchidzidzo inogona kutariswa . Vasingazivikanwe varipowo . Ndinotenda munhu wese nekutora chikamu!
Source: www.habr.com