Fallback mode (inonziwo IPKVM), iyo inokutendera kuti ubatanidze kuVPS isina RDP zvakananga kubva kune hypervisor layer, inochengetedza 15-20 maminetsi pasvondo.
Chinhu chekutanga uye chinonyanya kukosha hachisi kutsamwisa vanhu. Munyika yose, rubatsiro rwakakamurwa kuita mitsara, uye mushandi ndiye wekutanga kuedza mhinduro dzakafanana. Kana basa racho richipfuura miganhu yavo, riendese kumutsetse wechipiri. Saka, pakati pevatariri veVDS kazhinji pane vanhu vanoziva kufunga. Kusiyana nemamwe akawanda anotsigira. Zvakanaka, kunyanya zvakanyanya kazhinji. Uye vanogadzira tikiti zvakanaka, nekukasira kutsanangura zvese zvinodiwa. Kana mutsara wekutanga "usina kujeka" uye netsaona uchikumbira kuti uvhure uye udzime mukupindura kune izvi, i fiasco.
Basa iri rakareruka: kupa rutsigiro rwakakwana kune yedu VDS yekutambira pamutengo wakaderera. Nekuti isu tiri chikafu chinokurumidza chenyika yevanopa vanopa: hapana yakakosha "kunanzva", mitengo yakaderera, yakajairika mhando. Paive patove nenyaya yekuti nekuuya kwe Instagram sweethearts kuyedza kuita otomatiki manejimendi eakaunti uye varidzi vebhizinesi madiki vane accounting iri kure uye vamwe vanhu vasina kunyanya kufambira mberi mune tekinoroji, kutaurirana "se admin kune admin" kwakamira kushanda. Ndaifanira kuchinja mutauro wekukurukurirana.
Zvino ini ndichakuudza zvishoma nezve maitiro - uye nezve asingadzivisike matambudziko navo.
Usatsamwise vanhu #1
Chero rubatsiro ndeyekugadzira mutsara wegungano. Chikumbiro chinosvika, mushandi wemutsara wekutanga anobva aedza kuona mamiriro akajairwa akatoitika kane chiuru uye achaitika kane chiuru zvakare. Pane mukana we90% wekuti application yacho ndeye yakajairika, uye unogona kuipindura nekudzvanya mabhatani akati wandei kuitira kuti template itsive. Iwe kazhinji unongoda kunyora akati wandei mazwi mutemplate uye wapedza. Kana enda kune manejimendi interface uye tinya akati wandei mabhatani ipapo. Mune mamwe matambudziko akaoma (kuchinjisa kubva kune zone kuenda kune imwe, semuenzaniso), iwe unofanirwa kutevedzera algorithm.
Chinonyanya kutsamwisa vanhu, zvisinei nehumwe hunhu hwerutsigiro, ndiyo inowanzoitika kune chikumbiro cheatypical. Tikiti inosvika, apo zvinhu zvose zvinotsanangurwa zvakadzama, kune data yakawanda inodiwa yemibvunzo mitatu iri mberi, mutengi anotarisira nhaurirano ... Uye maererano nemashoko ekutanga, mushandi wekutsigira pa autopilot anonyora chord kuti atsive template. "edza kutangazve, zvinofanirwa kubatsira."
Izvi ndizvo zvinonyatso kuvhura pfungwa dzevanhu, uye mushure memamiriro ezvinhu akadaro iyo yakanyanya kunaka wongororo uye mhinduro dzehasha dzinosara. Zviri pachena kuti takanga takanganisa, ndiko kwatinoziva nhamba. Kazhinji, takakanganisa nenzira dzakasiyana, asi zviitiko zvakadaro zvinongogara zvichingodaro. Kusanganisira isu pachedu. Chokwadi, tinoda kuti izvi zvisaitike zvachose. Asi izvi hazvigoneke zvakanyanya mukuita: kamwe chete mavhiki mashoma, mushandi aneta ne monotony anodzvanya mabhatani anosekesa.
Usatsamwise vanhu #2
Chinhu chechipiri chinovhura pfungwa zvakaenzana kana pasina anopindura tikiti kwenguva yakakwana. MuEurope, maitiro ekutsigira aya akajairika: mazuva matatu chiitiko chisati chagamuchirwa chebasa chinopfuura chinowanzoitika. Kunyangwe iwe uchikurumidza uye chimwe chinhu chiri kutsva - hapana masocial network, hapana foni, hapana mutumwa, ingo email uye mirira nguva yako. MuRussia izvi hazvina kunyanya kuwanda, asi mamwe matikiti achiri "kukanganwa". Pakutanga kwebasa, takaisa SLA yekutanga mhinduro yemaminitsi gumi nemashanu. Uye izvi ndezvechokwadi 15/24. Zviri pachena kuti kana VDS yekutambira ikava hombe, izvi zvinoonekwa. Asi vanopokana vanopa masevhisi havana izvi. Uye isu takanga tisina chokwadi pakutanga uye chete ipapo takazowedzera kana kushoma. Zvakanaka, yakawanda kana shoma pakati.
Mutsara wekutanga ndeyevashandi vakapihwa zvinyorwa uye vakadzidziswa kuita kune chaiwo mamiriro. Vanokurumidza kugadzirisa matambudziko uye vanoedza mukati memaminitsi gumi nemashanu kuti vapindure neyakajairwa chiitiko, kana kutaura kuti tikiti riri kuenderera mberi voriendesa kune yechipiri.
Mutsara wechipiri ndeyekugamuchira vatariri; ivo vanoziva kuita zvinenge zvese nemaoko. Kune zvakare maneja wekutsigira anogona kuita zvese uye zvimwe zvishoma. Mutsetse wechitatu ndevagadziri, vanogashira matikiti senge "gadzirisa izvi mune interface" kana "yakadaro uye yakadai paramende inotariswa zvisizvo."
Deredza nhamba yezvikumbiro
Nezvikonzero zviri pachena, kana iwe uchida kupa rutsigiro zvakachipa, saka haufanirwe kuwedzera mutsara wekutanga kuitira kuti vanhu vagone kubata zvinyorwa nekukurumidza, asi kuwedzera otomatiki. Saka kuti panzvimbo yevanhu vane zvinyorwa pane zvinyorwa zvechokwadi. Naizvozvo, chimwe chezvinhu zvekutanga zvatakaita ndechekuita otomatiki maitiro ekusimudza chaiwo muchina, kuyera nezviwanikwa (kusanganisira ne diski kumusoro uye pasi, asi kwete ne processor frequency) nezvimwe zvinhu zvakafanana. Iyo yakawanda iyo mushandisi anogona kuita kubva kune iyo interface, zviri nyore kurarama nemutsara wekutanga, uye diki inogona kuva. Kana mushandisi awana chimwe chinhu chiri muakaundi yake pachake, anofanira kuchiita uye kumuudza kuti angazviita sei iye pachake.
Kana iwe usingade rutsigiro, saka ari kuita basa rakanaka.
Chechipiri chimiro, chinochengetedza nguva yakawanda, inguva yakareba inotora kuzadza hwaro hweruzivo. Kana mushandisi aine dambudziko risingaverengerwe mune rondedzero yezviito zvinotsigirwa (kazhinji iyi mibvunzo iri padanho rekuti "sei kuisa Minecraft server" kana "Kupi kwekumisikidza VPS muWin Server"). chinyorwa chakanyorwa munheyo yeruzivo. Chinyorwa chimwe chete chakadzama chakanyorwa kune zvese zvikumbiro zvinoshamisa. Semuenzaniso, kana mushandisi akakumbira rutsigiro kuti abvise yakavakirwa-mukati Windows Server firewall, isu tinovatumira kuti vaverenge nezve zvichaitika kana yakaremara, uye maitiro ekuchinja mvumo chete kune yakasarudzwa software. Nokuti dambudziko rinowanzova nechokwadi chokuti chimwe chinhu hachikwanisi kushamwaridzana nekuda kwezvigadziro, uye kwete ne firewall pachayo. Asi zvakaoma zvikuru kutsanangura izvi nguva dzose munhaurirano. Asi neimwe nzira ini handidi kudzima firewall, nekuti munguva pfupi ticharasikirwa nechero muchina kana mutengi.
Kana chimwe chinhu nezve software yekushandisa munheyo yeruzivo chikave chakakurumbira, saka unogona kuwedzera kugovera kumusika kuitira kuti sevhisi "seta sevha ine iyi yakatoiswa" ioneke. Chaizvoizvo, izvi ndizvo zvakaitika naDocker, uye izvi ndizvo zvakaitika neMinecraft server. Zvekare, bhatani rekuti "ndiitire zvakanaka" mune interface rinochengetedza kusvika kumazana ematikiti pagore.
Emergency mode
Mushure mematanho aya, kuputsika kwakanyanya kunoda basa remaoko kunosara nenyaya yekuti mushandisi nekuda kwechimwe chikonzero akarasa nzira dzekusvika kure kune muenzi OS mune hypervisor. Mhosva inonyanyozivikanwa ingori isiriyo firewall kuseta, yechipiri yakajairika mamwe mabhugi anodzivirira Win kubva kutanga zvakajairika uye kukumanikidza kuti utangezve muSafe Mode. Uye mune yakachengeteka modhi, RDP haisi kuwanikwa nekusarudzika.
Isu takagadzira emergency mode yenyaya iyi. Muchokwadi, kazhinji kuti uwane muchina weVDS unofanirwa kuve nerudzi rwemutengi webasa riri kure. Kazhinji isu tiri kutaura nezve console kuwana, RDP, VNC kana chimwe chinhu chakafanana. Iyo inokanganisa nzira idzi ndeyekuti hadzishande pasina OS. Asi padanho re hypervisor tinogona kugashira mufananidzo pachiratidziro uye kuendesa keyboard mashini ipapo! Chokwadi, izvi zvinoremedza processor zvakanyanya (nekuda kweiyo chaiyo vhidhiyo kutepfenyura), asi inokutendera iwe kuti uwane yaunoda mhedzisiro.
Naizvozvo, isu takapa mukana wekukurumidzira modhi kune vese vashandisi, asi inogumira maererano nehurefu hwekushandisa kuenderera. Neraki, sekuratidzwa kunoratidza, ino nguva yakakwana kuti utangezve uye kugadzirisa chimwe chinhu.
Mhedzisiro yacho inotova mashoma ekutsigira matikiti. Uye uko admin anogona kugadzirisa tikiti pachake, tsigiro haifanire kupinda mukati uye kuzviona.
Matambudziko asara
Kazhinji, vashandisi vanofunga kuti tsigiro iri kusundira chimwe chinhu pavari. Zvinosuruvarisa, hapana chinogona kuitwa pamusoro peizvi (kana kuti hatina kuuya nechimwe chinhu). Mienzaniso miviri yakajairika ndeye zviwanikwa zvigadziro uye DDoS kudzivirira.
Muchina wega wega chaiwo une miganhu padhisiki mutoro, ndangariro uye inotenderwa traffic. Iko kugona kuseta miganhu kunotsanangurwa mukupihwa, asi iyo miganho pachayo inosarudzwa kuitira kuti vazhinji vashandisi vashande chinyararire vasingatomboziva nezvavo. Asi kana iwe ukaerekana watanga kutamba nechiteshi uye dhisiki zvakawandisa, saka maalgorithms anoyambira mushandisi. Kubva muna Kubvumbi gore rapfuura, takabvisa makiyi otomatiki. Pane kudaro, kuisa miganhu yakapfava yenguva yakasiyana.
Pakutanga, zvakanga zvakaita seizvi: nyevero, saka, kana mushandisi asina kuteerera, kuvharira otomatiki. Uye panguva iyoyo vanhu vakagumburwa: "Uri kutaura nezvei, iyo system yako ine buggy, hapana chakaitika!" - uye ipapo unogona kuedza kunzwisisa software yekushandisa, kana kupa kuwedzera chirongwa chemutero. Isu hatina mukana wekunzwisisa kushanda kweapplication software, nekuti izvi zviri kunze kwechikamu chekutsigirwa. Kunyangwe mashoma ekutanga makesi akarongwa pamwe chete nevashandisi. Ini ndinonyanya kurangarira iyo iyo YouTube maonero anobiridzira aive neTrojan yakavakirwa-mukati, uye iyi Trojan yaiburitsa ndangariro. Pakupedzisira, takasvika pamhedziso yokuti aya anga asiri maHeisenbugs, asi matambudziko nevashandisi, dai zvisina kudaro tingadai takazadzwa nezvikumbiro zvakafanana. Asi hapana kana munhu mumwe chete ati abvuma kuti anogona kudarika mitero iye pachake.
Nyaya yakafanana iri neDDoS: tinonyora kuti iwe, mudikani mushandisi, uri kurwiswa. Batanidza dziviriro, ndapota. Uye mushandisi: "Ehe, uri kundirwisa iwe pachako!" Ehe, isu DDoS mushandisi mumwe chete kuitira kuvabiridzira kubva ku300 rubles. Ibhizimusi rine pundutso. Hongu, ndinoziva kuti nzvimbo zhinji dzakakura dzekutambira dziri muchikamu chinodhura dzinosanganisira dziviriro iyi mutero, asi isu hatigone kuita izvozvo: hupfumi hwechikafu hunoraira mimwe mitengo yakaderera.
Zvakangofanana kazhinji, avo vane data yatakadzima havagutsikane nerutsigiro. Mupfungwa yekuti yakabviswa zviri pamutemo mushure mekupera kwenguva yakabhadharwa. Kana mumwe munhu akasamutsiridza VDS yavo yekurenda, saka zviziviso zvakati wandei zvinotumirwa zvichitsanangura zvichazoitika. Kana kubhadhara kwapera, muchina chaiwo unomira, asi mufananidzo waro unochengetwa. Chimwe chiziviso chinosvika, uyezve mamwe akati wandei. Mufananidzo unochengetwa kwemazuva manomwe ekuwedzera usati wadzimwa zvachose. Saka, pane chikamu chevanhu vasingafariri izvi. Kutanga kubva "kusiya admin, zviziviso zvakatumirwa kuemail yake, dzosera" uye kupera nekupomerwa hutsotsi uye kutyisidzira kwekukuvara kwemuviri. Chikonzero mitengo yakafanana yevamwe vashandisi vese. Kana tikaichengeta kwemwedzi, tichada imwe chengetedzo. Izvi zvichareva mitengo yakakwirira kune yega yega mutengi. Uye hupfumi hwezvokudya zvinokurumidza ... Zvakanaka, iwe unowana pfungwa. Uye nekuda kweizvozvo, pamaforamu tinogashira wongororo mumweya we "vakatora mari, vakadzima data, scammers."
Ndinoda kucherechedza kuti isu tine mutsara wemitengo yepamusoro. Ikoko, hongu, mamiriro acho akasiyana, sezvo isu tichifunga nezvezvido zvemutengi uye nekugadzirisa kugadzirisa zvose muganhu uye kubviswa kana pasina kubhadhara (tinoiisa muminus, kuitira kuti tisaidzivisa). Ikoko kwatove kugoneka mune zvehupfumi, nekuti zvechokwadi chero chinhu chinogona kuitika, uye kuchengetedza chisingaperi mutengi mukuru kunodhura.
Dzimwe nguva vashandisi vane hutsinye. Nguva zhinji sisitimu yedu yakasangana nekutadza nemazana emakina chaiwo achivharwa nekuda kwezvimwe zviito zvisiri pamutemo zvevatengi. Chaizvoizvo, zvaive chaizvo nekuda kwemamiriro ezvinhu akadaro kuti isu taida edu madhiraivha etiweki kuti atarise chiitiko chetiweki uye kuona kuti mushandisi anga asiri kuita kurwisa kubva kuseva yake. Kutariswa kwechirongwa chakadaro kwakakosha kuitira kuti miganhu yevavakidzani virtual muchina irege kutyorwa nevakomana vane ruzha.
Kune avo vanongoita spam, yangu, kana neimwe nzira kutyora mupiro. Anobva agogodza kuti atsigirwe obvunza kuti chii chanetsa uye nei mota yavharirwa. Kana maitiro ari mutikiti ari pascreenshot achinzi "spam sender.exe," saka chimwe chinhu chingangove chisina kumira zvakanaka. Inenge kamwe chete mavhiki maviri ega ega tinogashira zvichemo kubva kuna Sony kana Lucasfilm (ikozvino Disney) kuti mumwe munhu kubva kumushini wedu chaiwo kubva kumhando yedu yeIP kero ari kugovera firimu rakatsva. Nokuda kweizvi, iwe unobva wavhara uye wodzorera mari yakasara muakaunti maererano nekupa (rega ini ndikuyeuchidze: quantization yedu ndeye pasekondi, ndiko kuti, pachagara paine chiyero chechokwadi). Uye kuitira kuti udzorere mari, maererano nemutemo, unoda kuratidza pasipoti yako: iyi inopesana nekutengesa mari. Nokuda kwechimwe chikonzero, panzvimbo yekuratidza pasipoti, vapambi vanonyora kuti takasvina mari kubva kwavari, tichikanganwa kujekesa mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu.
Hongu. Chikumbiro chedu chegore ndechekuti: "Ndingaedza muchina chaiwo kwemazuva mashoma nechiyero chemakumi matatu emadhora pamwedzi ndisati ndatenga?"
Mugumisiro
Mutsara wekutanga unoronga matikiti uye unopindura nemaitiro chaiwo. Apa ndipo panonyanya kusagutsikana. Izvo hazvichagoneke kugadzirisa izvi, nekuti hwaro hwekugadzirisa huri mukugashira otomatiki, ndiko kuti, mune yakakura backlog. Hongu, tine zvakawanda kupfuura zvakawanda pamusika, asi zvakadaro hazvina kukwana. Naizvozvo, chinhu chakanakisa chinogona kuitwa kumisa mutsara wekutarisa. Batsira Desk Monitoring - Mutsetse wekutanga KPI kuita. Kunonoka muSLA kunoonekwa munguva chaiyo: ndiani ari kuputika, kazhinji - nei. Nekuda kwezviziviso zvakadaro, maapplication haamborasika. Ehe, tikiti rinogona kupindurwa netemplate isiri pamusoro, asi isu tinoona izvi zvatove kubva mumhinduro.
Kana mutengi achinyatso bvunza, ipapo nyanzvi yemutsara wechipiri inogona kuenda kune sevha uye kuita izvo zvinodiwa nemutengi ipapo (mamiriro acho anosimbiswa netsamba maachapa ruzivo rwekupinda kune server).
Isu tinoita izvi kashoma uye tinopa basa rakadaro kune zvakanakisa, nekuti isu tinoda kuve nevimbiso yekuti data yemushandisi haizokanganiswe. Iyo yakanakisisa ndiyo yechipiri mutsara wekutsigirwa.
Mutsetse wekutanga une hwaro hweruzivo kwaunogona kutumira kuti utarise zvinhu zvakaoma.
Iyo account account yakapfuma mumabasa uye hwaro hweruzivo - uye ikozvino takakwanisa kudzikisa huwandu hwezvikumbiro kusvika 1-1,5 pagore pamutengi paavhareji.
Mutsara wechipiri unowanzo gadzirisa zvikumbiro zvakaoma zvinoda basa remaoko. Chii chakajairwa: iyo inodhura zvakanyanya chirongwa chemitero, zvishoma zvikumbiro zvakadaro pamushini wega wega. Kazhinji nekuti avo vanogona kutenga mutero unodhura vangave vane nyanzvi dzevashandi, kana kungoti hafu yematambudziko haimuke nekuda kwekuti kune kukwana kwese kugadziridzwa. Ndichiri kurangarira gamba rakaisa Windows Server isiri-yechinyakare pane inomisikidzwa ne256 MB ye RAM.
Mutsara wechipiri une seti yekugovera kits uye seti ye automation scripts. Ose ari maviri anogona kuvandudzwa sezvinodiwa.
Mutsara wechipiri uye maneja emunhu emitengo yeVIP anogona kuwedzera manotsi kune chimiro chemutengi. Kana ari Linux admin, isu tichanyora izvo pasi. Iyi ichave yekutanga mutsara zano: mushandisi anonyatsoziva kuti iyi haizove pfuti pagumbo, asi inodzorwa kuparadzwa.
Mutsetse wechitatu unotonga zvinoshamisa. Semuenzaniso, isu taive nebug yaiita kuti zvitadze kuwana rimwe remabasa eakaundi yako wega muFirefox. Mushandisi akanangana nenhema achiti: "Kana ukasazvigadzirisa mukati memaawa gumi nemaviri, ndichanyora pane zvese zvakaongororwa." Sezvazvakazoitika, dambudziko raive mutsika adblock. Padivi remushandisi, zvisingaite. Kazhinji kukanganisa kwakaoma kunoitika pasina ruzivo, uye havagone kudzokororwa. Kune matikitivha ane skrini: "Sei uri kuigadzirisa kwemwedzi?" - "Ehe, tanga tichitsvaga bug yako nguva yese iyi," "Ah, zvakanaka, ndasangana nazvo nhasi, asi handina kukwanisa kuzvidzokorora zvakare"...
Kazhinji, hauzombozivi kuti skrini yekukurukurirana nerutsigiro ichaguma kupi, uye kana munhu akagogodza kuti atsigire, ane dambudziko. Unogona kuvandudza mafungiro ako. At least try.
Ehe, isu tinoziva kuti rutsigiro rwedu haruna kukwana, asi ndinoda kutenda kuti rinosanganisa kukurumidza kwakakwana nemhando yakakwana. Uye haiwedzere mitengo yemitero kune avo vanogona kuita pasina iyo.
Source: www.habr.com