Kuwedzera WDS Versatility

Masikati akanaka, vadikani vagari veHabra!

Chinangwa chechinyorwa chino ndechekunyora pfupiso yezvemikana yekuendesa akasiyana masisitimu kuburikidza neWDS (Windows Deployment Services)
Ichi chinyorwa chinopa mirairo mipfupi yekuisa Windows 7 x64, Windows XP x86, Ubuntu x64 uye kuwedzera zvishandiso zvinobatsira kune network boot seMemtest uye Gparted.
Nyaya yacho ichataurwa muhurongwa hwepfungwa dzinouya mupfungwa dzangu. Uye zvese zvakatanga neMicrosoft ...

Uye zvino nyaya yacho pachayo:
Nguva pfupi yapfuura, ndakauya nepfungwa ine musoro yekuendesa masisitimu kubasa uchishandisa WDS. Kana mumwe munhu akatiitira basa, zvakanaka. Uye kana panguva imwe chete tikadzidza chimwe chinhu chitsva, zvinofadza kaviri. Ini handisi kuzogara mune zvakadzama tsananguro yekuisa iyo WDS basa - Microsoft inobika zvese kusvika kuInotevera-Inotevera-Inotevera uye kune makomo ezvinyorwa pane iyi nyaya. Uye ini ndichakuudza muchidimbu nezvekushanda neWindows mifananidzo, ndichitarisa pane idzo nguva dzakandinetsa. Masisitimu asiri eMicrosoft anozotsanangurwa zvakadzama (zvakatangira chinyorwa).
Ngatitangei.
Iyo sevha ichaita senge yekuchengetera mufananidzo uye murongi wechiito ine Windows Server 2008 R2 pabhodhi. Kuti sevhisi iyi ishande nemazvo, mabasa akadai seDHCP neDNS anodiwa. Zvakanaka, AD ndeyekupinza michina mudura. (Matanho ese aya haafanire kuchengetwa pamushini mumwe chete; anogona kupararira muchimiro chese. Chinhu chikuru ndechekuti anoshanda nemazvo)

1. Kuisa WDS

Isu tinowedzera mabasa anodiwa uye nekukurumidza kupinda muWDS console, tanga sevha yedu uye ona zvinotevera:

• Isa Mifananidzo - kuisa mifananidzo. Yakagadzirirwa, yakanaka masisitimu atichaburitsa. Kuti zvive nyore, unogona kuwedzera mapoka akati wandei nemhando yesystem: Windows 7, XP kana nemhando yebasa - IT Dept, Client Dept, Servers.
• Boot Images - kurodha mifananidzo. Chii chinotakurwa pamushini kutanga uye chinokutendera kuti uite marudzi ese ezviito nazvo. Mufananidzo wekutanga chaiwo unoenda ikoko ndiwo uri padhisiki yekuisa (yeWindows 7 iyi ndiyo dhairekitori rezvinyorwa uye mafaera ekuisa.wim kana boot.wim.
  Asi ipapo iwe unogona kuita marudzi ese ezvinhu zvinonakidza kubva kwavari:
  • Bata mufananidzo kana kurekodha mufananidzo - yedu huru chishandiso chinokutendera iwe kuti uite kopi yeyakagadziriswa system, iyo yakambogadziriswa ne sysprep uye ndiyo yedu template.
  • Discovery Image - inobvumidza iwe kurodha mifananidzo yeakamisikidzwa masisitimu kumakomputa asingatsigire network booting.

• Pending Devices - Zvishandiso zvakamirira kutenderwa nemutungamiriri kuti agadzirwe. Tinoda kuziva kuti ndiani anoisa charm yedu pakombuta yavo.
• Multicast Transmissions - multicast kutumira. Inoshandiswa kuisa mufananidzo mumwe kune nhamba huru yevatengi.
• vatyairi - vatyairi. Ivo vanobatsira kuwedzera madhiraivha anodiwa kumifananidzo iri paseva uye kudzivirira marudzi aya ezvikanganiso:
  
  Mushure mekuwedzera vatyairi kune WDS server, ivo vanofanirwa kuwedzerwa kune yaunoda boot image.

Ehe, uye chimwezve chinhu - iwe unofanirwa kugadzira yako bootloaders uye installers kune yega yega system bit kudzika. Zvakasiyana-siyana pazoo zvinouya pamutengo.
Muchokwadi, WDS yedu yakatogadzirira. Tinogona kubhutsu pamusoro petiweki kubva kumushini uye kuona hwindo rekusarudza nemifananidzo yedu yebhutsu.
Ini handisi kuzotsanangura matanho ese ekugadzirira mufananidzo wakakodzera, asi ini ndichasiya chinongedzo kune chinyorwa chandakashandisa ini: Tyts yeWindows 7 (Nechimwe chikonzero ndaive neshanduro yekare yeWAIK yakaiswa - 6.1.7100.0, zvakanga zvisingabviri kugadzira mhinduro yefaira yeWindows 7 SP1 mairi. Ndinoda ichangoburwa panguva ino - 6.1.7600.16385)
Uye pano zvakadaro mirayiridzo yekugadzirira Windows XP yeWDS. Isu hatizonyora zvakadzama kana - izvo zvinonyanya kufadza zviri muchikamu chechipiri!

2. Universal bootloader

Zvakanaka kuti isu tava nehurongwa hwakadai. Kuishandisa kunofadza. Asi pane nzira ipi neipi yekuita kuti hupenyu hwako huve nyore here?
Ndinoda kuisa Linux kuburikidza nayo!
Chekutanga pane zvese, sekurangarira kwevazhinji venyu, kuisa Windows neUbuntu zvakafanana hazvipere zvakanaka kune Windows bootloader. Iyo iri kutsiviwa neiyo universal GRUB.
Zvakafanana pano. Tinoda universal bootloader, sangana neizvi PXELINUX
1) Dhawunirodha yazvino vhezheni (panguva yekunyora izvi ndizvo 5.01
Tinofarira mafaera aya:
corepxelinux.0
com32menuvesamenu.c32 (unogona kutora menyu.c32 yechimiro chemavara kana uchirodha)
com32chainchain.c32
Mabhuku ese ekushandisa bootloader iyi anoti zvese zvinoshanda nevatatu ava. Ndaifanira kuwedzera ldlinux.c32, libcom.c32 uye libutil_com.c32. Iwe unogona kuita izvi - tevedzera zvinokurudzirwa uye womhanya nazvo. Ndeipi faira ichanyunyuta nezvayo - ikope kune folda.
Isu tinodawo iyo memdisk faira kurodha iso. Isu tinoiisawo mufolda iyi
2) Iise muforodha yaunochengetera mifananidzo yese yeWDS. Zvinonzi pano - RemoteInstallBootx64 (tichaisa 64 chete, ye86 isa mafaera mamwe chete muforodha iyoyo zvakare.)
3) Rename pxelinux.0 kuti pxelinux.com
4) Ngatigadzirei forodha pxelinux.cfg yefaira rekugadzirisa, iyo faira pachayo (yatova mukati meiyi folda, hongu) ndeye default (isina kuwedzera!) ine zvinotevera zvirimo:

DEFAULT vesamenu.c32
PROMPT 0
NOESCAPE 0
ZVINOBVUMIRWA 0
# Nguva yekupera mumayuniti e1/10 s
TIMEOUT 300
MENU MARGIN 10
MENU ROWS 16
MENU TABMSGROW 21
MENU TIMEOUTROW 26
MENU COLOR BORDER 30;44 #20ffffff #00000000 hapana
MENU COLOR SCROLLBAR 30;44 #20ffffff #00000000 hapana
MENU COLOR MUSORO 0 #ffffffff #00000000 hapana
MENU COLOR SEL 30;47 #40000000 #20ffffff
MENU BACKGROUND pxelinux.cfg/picture.jpg #picture 640×480 for background
MENU MUSORO Sarudza mafambiro ako!

LABEL wds
MENU LABEL Windows Deployment Services (7, XP, Boot mifananidzo)
KERNEL pxeboot.0

LABEL munharaunda
MENU DEFAULT
MENU LABEL Boot kubva kuHarddisk
LOCALBOOT 0
Tora 0x80

5) Ita kopi yefaira pxeboot.n12 uye uidze iyo pxeboot.0
6) Mushure meizvi, tinoda kudzidzisa WDS yedu kutanga kubva kune universal bootloader. Muna 2008 izvi zvakaitwa kuburikidza neGUI, muna 2008 R2 - kuburikidza nemutsara wekuraira. Vhura uye pinda:

• wdsutil /set-server /bootprogram:bootx64pxelinux.com /architecture:x64
• wdsutil /set-server /N12bootprogram:bootx64pxelinux.com /architecture:x64

Command line output:

Ndizvozvo, isu tinosimudzira kumusoro uye tinoona inochiva skrini:

Iyi ndiyo yekutanga config, unogona kuigadzirisa kune zvaunoda (kambani logo, boot order, etc. Parizvino, inogona kungoendesa kutonga kuWDS uye boot kubva pa hard drive zvakare. Ngatidzidzise iyo boot Ubuntu!

3. Kudzidzisa gondo kubhururuka

Taidei ikoko? Ubuntu, Gparted? Ngatiwedzerei memtest kuitira kurongeka.
Ngatitangei nezviri nyore:
memtest
Ngatigadzire folda yakaparadzana yeLinux mafaera muBoot/x64 WDS folda, semuenzaniso Distr. Uye ma subfolders mairi kune edu akasiyana masisitimu:

Kudhanilodha iso mtmtest uye wedzera mitsara inotevera kune yedu yekurodha config (default faira):

label MemTest
menyu label MemTest86+
Kernel memdisk iso raw
initrd Linux/mt420.iso

Neizvi tichaisa chifananidzo chedu chidiki mundangariro uye toitanga kubva ipapo. Zvinosuruvarisa, izvi hazvina kushanda kwandiri nemifananidzo mikuru.

Gapted
Kudhanilodha shanduro yazvino, sunungura mufananidzo we iso uye utore mafaira matatu - /live/vmlinuz, /live/initrd.img uye /live/filesystem.squashfs
Mafaira aya ndeapi? (Ndinogona kunge ndakanganisa mukutaura, ndinokumbira nemutsa vaverengi kuti vandigadzirise kana ndakanganisa)

• vmlinuz (inowanzoonekwa vmlinux) - yakamanikidzwa kernel faira
• initrd.img - mufananidzo weiyo midzi faira system (zvishoma zvinodiwa pakubhoti)
• filesystem.squashfs - mafaira pachawo anoshandiswa panguva yekushanda

Isu tinoisa mafaera maviri ekutanga mudhawunirodha dhawunirodha (munyaya yangu iri Bootx64DistrGparted) uye yechitatu pane IIS server (nerombo rakanaka yakatoiswa kuWSUSa).
Kudimburira kwerwiyo - zvinosuruvarisa, hunyengeri hwekurodha mufananidzo we-iso mu memdisk ine kugovera kukuru hauna kushanda kwandiri. Kana iwe ukangoerekana waziva chakavanzika chekubudirira, iyi ichave yakanakisa mhinduro iyo ichakubvumidza iwe kukurumidza boot chero system kubva kune iso mufananidzo.
Wedzera filesystem.squashfs kuIIS kuti iverengerwe panetiweki (usakanganwe kuwedzera MIME tag yekuwedzera uku.

Zvino isu tinowedzera yekupinda kune yedu pxelinux.cfg/default:

LABEL GParted Live
MENU LABEL GParted Live
KERNEL Distr/Gparted/vmlinuz
WEKA initrd=Distr/Gparted/initrg.img boot=live config union=aufs noswap nopromt vga=788 fetch=http://192.168.10.10/Distr/Gparted/filesystem.squashfs

Ngatitarisei - inoshanda!
Ubuntu 12.04
Ini ndawedzera maviri anogona kuisirwa sarudzo - zvizere otomatiki (ndatenda kumushandisi malamutes for the chinyorwa uye mune manual mode)
Dhawunirodha iyo faira neimwe yekumisikidza uye bvarura mafaera maviri kubva ipapo (sepakutanga) - initrd.gz uye linux woisa muDistr/Ubuntu.
Wedzera mitsetse kune yedu pxelinux.cfg/default
kuitira kugadzwa kwemaoko zvachose

LABEL Ubuntu
KERNEL Distr/Ubuntu/linux
ENDERERA zvakakosha=low vga=normal initrd=Distr/Ubuntu/initrd.gz

Asi kuti uise otomatiki iwe unoda faira rine mhinduro zvigadziriso (unogona kuverenga pano) uye isu tichaiisa pawebhu server yedu. Mutsetse wangu webootloader unotaridzika seizvi:

LABEL Ubuntu Auto Isa
KERNEL Distr/Ubuntu/linux
APPENDA initrd=Distr/Ubuntu/initrd.gz ksdevice=eth0 locale=ru_RU.UTF-8 console-setup/layoutcode=ru url=http://192.168.10.10/Distr/Ubuntu/preseed.txt

Inobatsira mune ramangwana
Ndichiri kutarisa zvinyorwa pamusoro pemusoro uye kutsvaga mhinduro dzemibvunzo yangu, ndakaona chinyorwa chakanaka от Alexander_Erofeev ine tsananguro yekurodha Kaspersky Rescue Disk pane network. Zvinosuruvarisa, hazvina kusimuka kwandiri. Asi chimbo chacho chinobatsira chaizvo (kwete, kwete, kunyanya vashandisi vanoshingaira vachabata chimwe chinhu chakadaro ... Zvinobatsira kuva nechishandiso chakadaro chiri pedyo)

mhedziso

Ichi chinyorwa chitarisiko chezvaunogona izvo Microsoft WDS basa rinokupa iwe. Pandakatanga chinyorwa ichi, zvirongwa zvaive zvakakura: yakadzama NZIRA pamusoro pezvinhu zvese zvekutakura masisitimu akapihwa pamusoro ... Asi apo zvinhu zvakatanga kuunganidza chete paWDS pachayo, tambo yerondedzero yakanditungamira kune imwe yakadzika zvekuti hapana munhu. aizombosangana, zvichida ... Naizvozvo Zvakasarudzwa kugovera pfupiso yezvinobvira uye, kana zvichibvira, zvinongedzo kune zvinyorwa zvakanaka. Kana vaverengi vachifarira kuverenga, kana ini kamwe-kamwe ndinoda mukurumbira nemari yekuzadza pfuma yaHabrahabr nezvinyorwa, ndinogona kupinda mune zvakadzama pane imwe neimwe nhanho yekumisikidza yakawanda-chinangwa WDS server.
Ndinoda kutenda zvakare vanyori Alexander_Erofeev и malamutes nokuda kwezvinhu zvavo, izvo zvichange zvichifadza kune wese pasina kunze.
Sezvingatarisirwa, pakanga patove nezvinyorwa paHabré pane imwe nyaya, ndakaedza kujekesa nyaya yacho kubva kune imwe nzira yekuona kana kuiwedzera: Nguva и maviri, asi asina kubudiswa
Ndinokutendai uchicherechedze.
Kubwinya kune marobhoti!

Source: www.habr.com