TL; DR: Chinyorwa chekutarisa - gwara rekuenzanisa nharaunda dzekumhanyisa maapplication mumidziyo. Mikana yeDocker nemamwe masisitimu akafanana anozotariswa.
Kanhoroondo kadiki kuti zvakabva kupi
ΠΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡ
Nzira yekutanga inozivikanwa yekuparadzanisa application ndeye chroot. Iyo sisitimu yekufona yezita rimwe chete inopa shanduko kumudzi wedhairekitori - nekudaro ichipa mukana kune chirongwa chakaidaidza, kuwana chete mafaera mukati meiyi dhairekitori. Asi kana chirongwa chikapihwa superuser kodzero mukati, chinogona "kupukunyuka" kubva kuchroot uye kuwana mukana weiyo huru yekushandisa system. Zvakare, kunze kwekuchinja dhairekitori remidzi, zvimwe zviwanikwa (RAM, processor), pamwe nekuwana kune network, hazvina kuganhurirwa.
Iyo inotevera nzira ndeyekuvhura yakazara-yakazara inoshanda sisitimu mukati memudziyo, uchishandisa maitiro eiyo inoshanda system kernel. Iyi nzira inodaidzwa zvakasiyana mune akasiyana masisitimu anoshanda, asi essence yakafanana - inomhanyisa akati wandei akazvimirira masisitimu anoshanda, imwe neimwe inomhanya pane imwecheteyo kernel inomhanya huru yekushandisa system. Izvi zvinosanganisira Majeri eFreeBSD, Solaris Zones, OpenVZ, uye LXC yeLinux. Kuzviparadzanisa kunopiwa kwete chete kune disk nzvimbo, asiwo kune zvimwe zviwanikwa, kunyanya, mudziyo wega wega unogona kuva nemiganhu pane processor nguva, RAM, network bandwidth. Kuenzaniswa nechroot, kusiya mudziyo kunonyanya kuoma, sezvo iyo superuser iri mumudziyo inokwanisa kupinda mukati memudziyo chete, zvisinei, nekuda kwekudiwa kwekuchengeta sisitimu yekushandisa mukati memudziyo kusvika parizvino uye kushandiswa kwekare kernel. shanduro (inoenderana neLinux, kusvika padiki FreeBSD), pane isiri-zero mukana we "kupaza" iyo kernel yekuzviparadzanisa system uye kuwana mukana weiyo huru inoshanda sisitimu.
Panzvimbo pekutangisa yakazara-yakazara sisitimu yekushandisa mumudziyo (ine yekutanga system, maneja wepakeji, nezvimwewo), zvikumbiro zvinogona kutangwa nekukasira, chinhu chikuru ndechekupa zvikumbiro nemukana uyu (kuvapo kwemaraibhurari anodiwa uye mamwe mafaira). Pfungwa iyi yakashanda sehwaro hwemidziyo yekushandisa virtualization, mumiriri ane mukurumbira uye anozivikanwa anove Docker. Kuenzaniswa neyakapfuura masisitimu, anochinjika ekuzviparadzanisa nevamwe masisitimu, pamwe neakavakirwa-mukati tsigiro kune chaiwo network pakati pemidziyo uye chimiro chekushandisa mukati memudziyo, zvakakonzera kugona kuvaka imwe nharaunda yakazara kubva kunhamba huru yemaseva emuviri kumhanya midziyo - pasina. kudiwa kwemanyorerwo ezvishandiso manejimendi.
Docker
Docker ndiyo inonyanya kuzivikanwa application containerization software. Yakanyorwa mumutauro weGo, inoshandisa zvinogoneka zveLinux kernel - mapoka, nzvimbo dzezita, kugona, nezvimwe, pamwe neAufs faira masisitimu uye mamwe akafanana kuchengetedza disk nzvimbo.
Kunobva: wikimedia
akitekicha
Isati yasvika vhezheni 1.11, Docker akashanda sesevhisi imwechete yaiita zvese mashandiro nemidziyo: kurodha mifananidzo yemidziyo, kuvhura midziyo, kugadzirisa zvikumbiro zveAPI. Kubva vhezheni 1.11, Docker yakakamurwa kuita zvikamu zvakati kuti zvinodyidzana: zvakaiswa, kubata hupenyu hwese hwemidziyo (kugoverwa kwedhisiki nzvimbo, kurodha mifananidzo, networking, kutanga, kuisa uye kutarisa mamiriro emidziyo) uye runC. , mudziyo wekumhanyisa nguva, zvichibva pakushandiswa kwemapoka uye mamwe maficha eLinux kernel. Iyo docker sevhisi pachayo inoramba iripo, asi ikozvino inongoshanda kugadzirisa API zvikumbiro kutepfenyurwa kune zvakaiswa.
Kuiswa uye kumisikidzwa
Nzira yangu yandinofarira yekuisa docker ndeye docker-muchina, iyo, pamusoro pekuisa zvakananga nekugadzirisa docker pamaseva ari kure (kusanganisira makore akasiyana), inobvumidza iwe kushanda nemafaira masisitimu emaseva ari kure, uye anogona zvakare kumhanya akasiyana mirairo.
Nekudaro, kubvira 2018, chirongwa ichi hachisati chave kugadzirwa, saka isu tichachiisa nenzira yakajairwa kune akawanda Linux kugovera - nekuwedzera repository uye nekuisa iyo inodiwa mapakeji.
Iyi nzira inoshandiswawo pakugadzika otomatiki, semuenzaniso, kushandisa Ansible kana mamwe masisitimu akafanana, asi ini handisi kuzozviona mune ino chinyorwa.
Kuiswa kuchaitwa paCentos 7, ini ndichashandisa muchina chaiwo sevhavha, kuisa, kungomhanyisa mirairo pazasi:
# yum install -y yum-utils
# yum-config-manager --add-repo https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
# yum install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.ioMushure mekuisa, iwe unofanirwa kutanga sevhisi, isa mu autoload:
# systemctl enable docker
# systemctl start docker
# firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=2377/tcp --permanentPamusoro pezvo, iwe unogona kugadzira boka re docker, iro vashandisi vachakwanisa kushanda ne docker pasina sudo, kumisikidza matanda, gonesa kuwana iyo API kubva kunze, usakanganwa kurongedza firewall (zvese zvisingabvumirwe ndezve. zvinorambidzwa mumienzaniso iri pamusoro uye pazasi - ndakasiya izvi kuti zvive nyore uye kuona), asi ini handisi kuzopinda mune zvimwe zvakadzama pano.
Zvimwe zvinhu
Pamusoro pemuchina wedocker uri pamusoro, kune zvakare docker registry, chishandiso chekuchengeta mifananidzo yemidziyo, pamwe nedocker compose - chishandiso che automating kuendesa zvikumbiro mumidziyo, mafaera eYAML anoshandiswa kuvaka nekugadzirisa midziyo uye. zvimwe zvinhu zvine hukama (semuenzaniso, network, inoenderera faira masisitimu ekuchengetedza data).
Inogona zvakare kushandiswa kuronga mapaipi eCICD. Chimwe chinhu chinonakidza chiri kushanda mu cluster modhi, iyo inonzi swarm modhi (isati yasvika vhezheni 1.12 yaizivikanwa se docker swarm), iyo inokutendera iwe kuti uunganidze chivakwa chimwe chete kubva kune akati wandei maseva kumhanya midziyo. Iko kune kutsigirwa kweiyo chaiyo network pamusoro pese maseva, kune yakavakirwa-mukati mitoro balancer, pamwe nerutsigiro rwezvakavanzika zvemidziyo.
Iyo YAML mafaera kubva kudocker compose inogona kushandiswa kune akadaro masumbu ane madiki magadzirirwo, azere otomatiki kuchengetedza kwediki uye epakati masumbu ezvinangwa zvakasiyana. Kune masumbu makuru, Kubernetes inodiwa nekuti swarm mode yekugadzirisa mitengo inogona kupfuura iyo yeKubernetes. Mukuwedzera kune runC, senzvimbo yekuuraya yemidziyo, unogona kuisa, semuenzaniso
Kushanda neDocker
Mushure mekuisa uye kugadzirisa, isu tichaedza kuvaka sumbu umo isu tichaisa GitLab uye Docker Registry yechikwata chekusimudzira. Semasevha, ini ndichashandisa matatu chaiwo machina, pandichawedzera kuendesa iyo GlusterFS yakagoverwa FS, ini ndichaishandisa se docker mavhoriyamu ekuchengetedza, semuenzaniso, kumhanyisa inotadza-yakachengeteka vhezheni yedocker registry. Zvinhu zvakakosha zvekumhanya: Docker Registry, Postgresql, Redis, GitLab nerutsigiro rweGitLab Runner pamusoro peSwarm. Postgresql ichatangwa nekubatanidza , saka haufanire kushandisa GlusterFS kuchengeta Postgresql data. Mamwe ese akakosha data achachengetwa paGlusterFS.
Kuti uendese GlusterFS pamaseva ese (anonzi node1, node2, node3), unofanirwa kuisa mapakeji, kugonesa firewall, kugadzira madhairekitori anodiwa:
# yum -y install centos-release-gluster7
# yum -y install glusterfs-server
# systemctl enable glusterd
# systemctl start glusterd
# firewall-cmd --add-service=glusterfs --permanent
# firewall-cmd --reload
# mkdir -p /srv/gluster
# mkdir -p /srv/docker
# echo "$(hostname):/docker /srv/docker glusterfs defaults,_netdev 0 0" >> /etc/fstabMushure mekuisa, shanda pakugadzirisa GlusterFS inofanira kuenderera mberi kubva kune imwe node, semuenzaniso node1:
# gluster peer probe node2
# gluster peer probe node3
# gluster volume create docker replica 3 node1:/srv/gluster node2:/srv/gluster node3:/srv/gluster force
# gluster volume start dockerIpapo iwe unofanirwa kukwira vhoriyamu inobuda (iyo murairo unofanirwa kumhanyirwa pamaseva ese):
# mount /srv/dockerSwarm mode inogadziriswa pane imwe yemaseva, inova Mutungamiriri, vamwe vese vanozofanira kujoinha cluster, saka mhedzisiro yekumhanyisa rairo pane yekutanga server inoda kuteedzerwa uye kuurayiwa pane yasara.
Kwekutanga cluster setup, ndinomhanyisa rairo pane node1:
# docker swarm init
Swarm initialized: current node (a5jpfrh5uvo7svzz1ajduokyq) is now a manager.
To add a worker to this swarm, run the following command:
docker swarm join --token SWMTKN-1-0c5mf7mvzc7o7vjk0wngno2dy70xs95tovfxbv4tqt9280toku-863hyosdlzvd76trfptd4xnzd xx.xx.xx.xx:2377
To add a manager to this swarm, run 'docker swarm join-token manager' and follow the instructions.
# docker swarm join-token managerKopa mhedzisiro yemurairo wechipiri, ita pane node2 uye node3:
# docker swarm join --token SWMTKN-x-xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx-xxxxxxxxx xx.xx.xx.xx:2377
This node joined a swarm as a manager.Izvi zvinopedzisa kugadziridzwa kwekutanga kwemaseva, ngatitangei kugadzirisa masevhisi, mirairo ichaitwa ichatangwa kubva node1, kunze kwekunge yatsanangurwa neimwe nzira.
Chekutanga pane zvese, ngatigadzire manetwork emidziyo:
# docker network create --driver=overlay etcd
# docker network create --driver=overlay pgsql
# docker network create --driver=overlay redis
# docker network create --driver=overlay traefik
# docker network create --driver=overlay gitlabIpapo tinomaka maseva, izvi zvinodikanwa kusunga mamwe masevhisi kumaseva:
# docker node update --label-add nodename=node1 node1
# docker node update --label-add nodename=node2 node2
# docker node update --label-add nodename=node3 node3Tevere, tinogadzira madhairekitori ekuchengetedza etcd data, iyo KV kuchengetedza inodiwa naTraefik naStolon. Zvakafanana nePostgresql, izvi zvichange zviri midziyo yakasungwa kumaseva, saka isu tinoisa uyu murairo pane ese maseva:
# mkdir -p /srv/etcdTevere, gadzira faira kugadzirisa etcd uye kuishandisa:
00etcd.yml
version: '3.7'
services:
etcd1:
image: quay.io/coreos/etcd:latest
hostname: etcd1
command:
- etcd
- --name=etcd1
- --data-dir=/data.etcd
- --advertise-client-urls=http://etcd1:2379
- --listen-client-urls=http://0.0.0.0:2379
- --initial-advertise-peer-urls=http://etcd1:2380
- --listen-peer-urls=http://0.0.0.0:2380
- --initial-cluster=etcd1=http://etcd1:2380,etcd2=http://etcd2:2380,etcd3=http://etcd3:2380
- --initial-cluster-state=new
- --initial-cluster-token=etcd-cluster
networks:
- etcd
volumes:
- etcd1vol:/data.etcd
deploy:
replicas: 1
placement:
constraints: [node.labels.nodename == node1]
etcd2:
image: quay.io/coreos/etcd:latest
hostname: etcd2
command:
- etcd
- --name=etcd2
- --data-dir=/data.etcd
- --advertise-client-urls=http://etcd2:2379
- --listen-client-urls=http://0.0.0.0:2379
- --initial-advertise-peer-urls=http://etcd2:2380
- --listen-peer-urls=http://0.0.0.0:2380
- --initial-cluster=etcd1=http://etcd1:2380,etcd2=http://etcd2:2380,etcd3=http://etcd3:2380
- --initial-cluster-state=new
- --initial-cluster-token=etcd-cluster
networks:
- etcd
volumes:
- etcd2vol:/data.etcd
deploy:
replicas: 1
placement:
constraints: [node.labels.nodename == node2]
etcd3:
image: quay.io/coreos/etcd:latest
hostname: etcd3
command:
- etcd
- --name=etcd3
- --data-dir=/data.etcd
- --advertise-client-urls=http://etcd3:2379
- --listen-client-urls=http://0.0.0.0:2379
- --initial-advertise-peer-urls=http://etcd3:2380
- --listen-peer-urls=http://0.0.0.0:2380
- --initial-cluster=etcd1=http://etcd1:2380,etcd2=http://etcd2:2380,etcd3=http://etcd3:2380
- --initial-cluster-state=new
- --initial-cluster-token=etcd-cluster
networks:
- etcd
volumes:
- etcd3vol:/data.etcd
deploy:
replicas: 1
placement:
constraints: [node.labels.nodename == node3]
volumes:
etcd1vol:
driver: local
driver_opts:
type: none
o: bind
device: "/srv/etcd"
etcd2vol:
driver: local
driver_opts:
type: none
o: bind
device: "/srv/etcd"
etcd3vol:
driver: local
driver_opts:
type: none
o: bind
device: "/srv/etcd"
networks:
etcd:
external: true# docker stack deploy --compose-file 00etcd.yml etcdMushure mechinguva, tinotarisa kuti etcd cluster yasimuka:
# docker exec $(docker ps | awk '/etcd/ {print $1}') etcdctl member list
ade526d28b1f92f7: name=etcd1 peerURLs=http://etcd1:2380 clientURLs=http://etcd1:2379 isLeader=false
bd388e7810915853: name=etcd3 peerURLs=http://etcd3:2380 clientURLs=http://etcd3:2379 isLeader=false
d282ac2ce600c1ce: name=etcd2 peerURLs=http://etcd2:2380 clientURLs=http://etcd2:2379 isLeader=true
# docker exec $(docker ps | awk '/etcd/ {print $1}') etcdctl cluster-health
member ade526d28b1f92f7 is healthy: got healthy result from http://etcd1:2379
member bd388e7810915853 is healthy: got healthy result from http://etcd3:2379
member d282ac2ce600c1ce is healthy: got healthy result from http://etcd2:2379
cluster is healthyGadzira madhairekitori ePostgresql, ita murairo pane ese maseva:
# mkdir -p /srv/pgsqlTevere, gadzira faira kugadzirisa Postgresql:
01pgsql.yml
version: '3.7'
services:
pgsentinel:
image: sorintlab/stolon:master-pg10
command:
- gosu
- stolon
- stolon-sentinel
- --cluster-name=stolon-cluster
- --store-backend=etcdv3
- --store-endpoints=http://etcd1:2379,http://etcd2:2379,http://etcd3:2379
- --log-level=debug
networks:
- etcd
- pgsql
deploy:
replicas: 3
update_config:
parallelism: 1
delay: 30s
order: stop-first
failure_action: pause
pgkeeper1:
image: sorintlab/stolon:master-pg10
hostname: pgkeeper1
command:
- gosu
- stolon
- stolon-keeper
- --pg-listen-address=pgkeeper1
- --pg-repl-username=replica
- --uid=pgkeeper1
- --pg-su-username=postgres
- --pg-su-passwordfile=/run/secrets/pgsql
- --pg-repl-passwordfile=/run/secrets/pgsql_repl
- --data-dir=/var/lib/postgresql/data
- --cluster-name=stolon-cluster
- --store-backend=etcdv3
- --store-endpoints=http://etcd1:2379,http://etcd2:2379,http://etcd3:2379
networks:
- etcd
- pgsql
environment:
- PGDATA=/var/lib/postgresql/data
volumes:
- pgkeeper1:/var/lib/postgresql/data
secrets:
- pgsql
- pgsql_repl
deploy:
replicas: 1
placement:
constraints: [node.labels.nodename == node1]
pgkeeper2:
image: sorintlab/stolon:master-pg10
hostname: pgkeeper2
command:
- gosu
- stolon
- stolon-keeper
- --pg-listen-address=pgkeeper2
- --pg-repl-username=replica
- --uid=pgkeeper2
- --pg-su-username=postgres
- --pg-su-passwordfile=/run/secrets/pgsql
- --pg-repl-passwordfile=/run/secrets/pgsql_repl
- --data-dir=/var/lib/postgresql/data
- --cluster-name=stolon-cluster
- --store-backend=etcdv3
- --store-endpoints=http://etcd1:2379,http://etcd2:2379,http://etcd3:2379
networks:
- etcd
- pgsql
environment:
- PGDATA=/var/lib/postgresql/data
volumes:
- pgkeeper2:/var/lib/postgresql/data
secrets:
- pgsql
- pgsql_repl
deploy:
replicas: 1
placement:
constraints: [node.labels.nodename == node2]
pgkeeper3:
image: sorintlab/stolon:master-pg10
hostname: pgkeeper3
command:
- gosu
- stolon
- stolon-keeper
- --pg-listen-address=pgkeeper3
- --pg-repl-username=replica
- --uid=pgkeeper3
- --pg-su-username=postgres
- --pg-su-passwordfile=/run/secrets/pgsql
- --pg-repl-passwordfile=/run/secrets/pgsql_repl
- --data-dir=/var/lib/postgresql/data
- --cluster-name=stolon-cluster
- --store-backend=etcdv3
- --store-endpoints=http://etcd1:2379,http://etcd2:2379,http://etcd3:2379
networks:
- etcd
- pgsql
environment:
- PGDATA=/var/lib/postgresql/data
volumes:
- pgkeeper3:/var/lib/postgresql/data
secrets:
- pgsql
- pgsql_repl
deploy:
replicas: 1
placement:
constraints: [node.labels.nodename == node3]
postgresql:
image: sorintlab/stolon:master-pg10
command: gosu stolon stolon-proxy --listen-address 0.0.0.0 --cluster-name stolon-cluster --store-backend=etcdv3 --store-endpoints http://etcd1:2379,http://etcd2:2379,http://etcd3:2379
networks:
- etcd
- pgsql
deploy:
replicas: 3
update_config:
parallelism: 1
delay: 30s
order: stop-first
failure_action: rollback
volumes:
pgkeeper1:
driver: local
driver_opts:
type: none
o: bind
device: "/srv/pgsql"
pgkeeper2:
driver: local
driver_opts:
type: none
o: bind
device: "/srv/pgsql"
pgkeeper3:
driver: local
driver_opts:
type: none
o: bind
device: "/srv/pgsql"
secrets:
pgsql:
file: "/srv/docker/postgres"
pgsql_repl:
file: "/srv/docker/replica"
networks:
etcd:
external: true
pgsql:
external: trueIsu tinogadzira zvakavanzika, shandisa iyo faira:
# </dev/urandom tr -dc 234567890qwertyuopasdfghjkzxcvbnmQWERTYUPASDFGHKLZXCVBNM | head -c $(((RANDOM%3)+15)) > /srv/docker/replica
# </dev/urandom tr -dc 234567890qwertyuopasdfghjkzxcvbnmQWERTYUPASDFGHKLZXCVBNM | head -c $(((RANDOM%3)+15)) > /srv/docker/postgres
# docker stack deploy --compose-file 01pgsql.yml pgsqlImwe nguva gare gare (tarisa kuburitsa kwemirairo docker service lskuti masevhisi ese asimuka) tanga iyo Postgresql cluster:
# docker exec $(docker ps | awk '/pgkeeper/ {print $1}') stolonctl --cluster-name=stolon-cluster --store-backend=etcdv3 --store-endpoints=http://etcd1:2379,http://etcd2:2379,http://etcd3:2379 initKutarisa kugadzirira kwePostgresql cluster:
# docker exec $(docker ps | awk '/pgkeeper/ {print $1}') stolonctl --cluster-name=stolon-cluster --store-backend=etcdv3 --store-endpoints=http://etcd1:2379,http://etcd2:2379,http://etcd3:2379 status
=== Active sentinels ===
ID LEADER
26baa11d false
74e98768 false
a8cb002b true
=== Active proxies ===
ID
4d233826
9f562f3b
b0c79ff1
=== Keepers ===
UID HEALTHY PG LISTENADDRESS PG HEALTHY PG WANTEDGENERATION PG CURRENTGENERATION
pgkeeper1 true pgkeeper1:5432 true 2 2
pgkeeper2 true pgkeeper2:5432 true 2 2
pgkeeper3 true pgkeeper3:5432 true 3 3
=== Cluster Info ===
Master Keeper: pgkeeper3
===== Keepers/DB tree =====
pgkeeper3 (master)
ββpgkeeper2
ββpgkeeper1
Isu tinogadzirisa traefik kuvhura mukana wemidziyo kubva kunze:
03traefik.yml
version: '3.7'
services:
traefik:
image: traefik:latest
command: >
--log.level=INFO
--providers.docker=true
--entryPoints.web.address=:80
--providers.providersThrottleDuration=2
--providers.docker.watch=true
--providers.docker.swarmMode=true
--providers.docker.swarmModeRefreshSeconds=15s
--providers.docker.exposedbydefault=false
--accessLog.bufferingSize=0
--api=true
--api.dashboard=true
--api.insecure=true
networks:
- traefik
ports:
- 80:80
volumes:
- /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock
deploy:
replicas: 3
placement:
constraints:
- node.role == manager
preferences:
- spread: node.id
labels:
- traefik.enable=true
- traefik.http.routers.traefik.rule=Host(`traefik.example.com`)
- traefik.http.services.traefik.loadbalancer.server.port=8080
- traefik.docker.network=traefik
networks:
traefik:
external: true# docker stack deploy --compose-file 03traefik.yml traefikIsu tinotanga Redis Cluster, nekuda kweizvi tinogadzira dhairekitori rekuchengetedza pane ese node:
# mkdir -p /srv/redis05redis.yml
version: '3.7'
services:
redis-master:
image: 'bitnami/redis:latest'
networks:
- redis
ports:
- '6379:6379'
environment:
- REDIS_REPLICATION_MODE=master
- REDIS_PASSWORD=xxxxxxxxxxx
deploy:
mode: global
restart_policy:
condition: any
volumes:
- 'redis:/opt/bitnami/redis/etc/'
redis-replica:
image: 'bitnami/redis:latest'
networks:
- redis
ports:
- '6379'
depends_on:
- redis-master
environment:
- REDIS_REPLICATION_MODE=slave
- REDIS_MASTER_HOST=redis-master
- REDIS_MASTER_PORT_NUMBER=6379
- REDIS_MASTER_PASSWORD=xxxxxxxxxxx
- REDIS_PASSWORD=xxxxxxxxxxx
deploy:
mode: replicated
replicas: 3
update_config:
parallelism: 1
delay: 10s
restart_policy:
condition: any
redis-sentinel:
image: 'bitnami/redis:latest'
networks:
- redis
ports:
- '16379'
depends_on:
- redis-master
- redis-replica
entrypoint: |
bash -c 'bash -s <<EOF
"/bin/bash" -c "cat <<EOF > /opt/bitnami/redis/etc/sentinel.conf
port 16379
dir /tmp
sentinel monitor master-node redis-master 6379 2
sentinel down-after-milliseconds master-node 5000
sentinel parallel-syncs master-node 1
sentinel failover-timeout master-node 5000
sentinel auth-pass master-node xxxxxxxxxxx
sentinel announce-ip redis-sentinel
sentinel announce-port 16379
EOF"
"/bin/bash" -c "redis-sentinel /opt/bitnami/redis/etc/sentinel.conf"
EOF'
deploy:
mode: global
restart_policy:
condition: any
volumes:
redis:
driver: local
driver_opts:
type: 'none'
o: 'bind'
device: "/srv/redis"
networks:
redis:
external: true# docker stack deploy --compose-file 05redis.yml redisWedzera Docker Registry:
06registry.yml
version: '3.7'
services:
registry:
image: registry:2.6
networks:
- traefik
volumes:
- registry_data:/var/lib/registry
deploy:
replicas: 1
placement:
constraints: [node.role == manager]
restart_policy:
condition: on-failure
labels:
- traefik.enable=true
- traefik.http.routers.registry.rule=Host(`registry.example.com`)
- traefik.http.services.registry.loadbalancer.server.port=5000
- traefik.docker.network=traefik
volumes:
registry_data:
driver: local
driver_opts:
type: none
o: bind
device: "/srv/docker/registry"
networks:
traefik:
external: true# mkdir /srv/docker/registry
# docker stack deploy --compose-file 06registry.yml registryUye pakupedzisira - GitLab:
08gitlab-runner.yml
version: '3.7'
services:
gitlab:
image: gitlab/gitlab-ce:latest
networks:
- pgsql
- redis
- traefik
- gitlab
ports:
- 22222:22
environment:
GITLAB_OMNIBUS_CONFIG: |
postgresql['enable'] = false
redis['enable'] = false
gitlab_rails['registry_enabled'] = false
gitlab_rails['db_username'] = "gitlab"
gitlab_rails['db_password'] = "XXXXXXXXXXX"
gitlab_rails['db_host'] = "postgresql"
gitlab_rails['db_port'] = "5432"
gitlab_rails['db_database'] = "gitlab"
gitlab_rails['db_adapter'] = 'postgresql'
gitlab_rails['db_encoding'] = 'utf8'
gitlab_rails['redis_host'] = 'redis-master'
gitlab_rails['redis_port'] = '6379'
gitlab_rails['redis_password'] = 'xxxxxxxxxxx'
gitlab_rails['smtp_enable'] = true
gitlab_rails['smtp_address'] = "smtp.yandex.ru"
gitlab_rails['smtp_port'] = 465
gitlab_rails['smtp_user_name'] = "[email protected]"
gitlab_rails['smtp_password'] = "xxxxxxxxx"
gitlab_rails['smtp_domain'] = "example.com"
gitlab_rails['gitlab_email_from'] = '[email protected]'
gitlab_rails['smtp_authentication'] = "login"
gitlab_rails['smtp_tls'] = true
gitlab_rails['smtp_enable_starttls_auto'] = true
gitlab_rails['smtp_openssl_verify_mode'] = 'peer'
external_url 'http://gitlab.example.com/'
gitlab_rails['gitlab_shell_ssh_port'] = 22222
volumes:
- gitlab_conf:/etc/gitlab
- gitlab_logs:/var/log/gitlab
- gitlab_data:/var/opt/gitlab
deploy:
mode: replicated
replicas: 1
placement:
constraints:
- node.role == manager
labels:
- traefik.enable=true
- traefik.http.routers.gitlab.rule=Host(`gitlab.example.com`)
- traefik.http.services.gitlab.loadbalancer.server.port=80
- traefik.docker.network=traefik
gitlab-runner:
image: gitlab/gitlab-runner:latest
networks:
- gitlab
volumes:
- gitlab_runner_conf:/etc/gitlab
- /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock
deploy:
mode: replicated
replicas: 1
placement:
constraints:
- node.role == manager
volumes:
gitlab_conf:
driver: local
driver_opts:
type: none
o: bind
device: "/srv/docker/gitlab/conf"
gitlab_logs:
driver: local
driver_opts:
type: none
o: bind
device: "/srv/docker/gitlab/logs"
gitlab_data:
driver: local
driver_opts:
type: none
o: bind
device: "/srv/docker/gitlab/data"
gitlab_runner_conf:
driver: local
driver_opts:
type: none
o: bind
device: "/srv/docker/gitlab/runner"
networks:
pgsql:
external: true
redis:
external: true
traefik:
external: true
gitlab:
external: true# mkdir -p /srv/docker/gitlab/conf
# mkdir -p /srv/docker/gitlab/logs
# mkdir -p /srv/docker/gitlab/data
# mkdir -p /srv/docker/gitlab/runner
# docker stack deploy --compose-file 08gitlab-runner.yml gitlabMamiriro ekupedzisira emasumbu nemasevhisi:
# docker service ls
ID NAME MODE REPLICAS IMAGE PORTS
lef9n3m92buq etcd_etcd1 replicated 1/1 quay.io/coreos/etcd:latest
ij6uyyo792x5 etcd_etcd2 replicated 1/1 quay.io/coreos/etcd:latest
fqttqpjgp6pp etcd_etcd3 replicated 1/1 quay.io/coreos/etcd:latest
hq5iyga28w33 gitlab_gitlab replicated 1/1 gitlab/gitlab-ce:latest *:22222->22/tcp
dt7s6vs0q4qc gitlab_gitlab-runner replicated 1/1 gitlab/gitlab-runner:latest
k7uoezno0h9n pgsql_pgkeeper1 replicated 1/1 sorintlab/stolon:master-pg10
cnrwul4r4nse pgsql_pgkeeper2 replicated 1/1 sorintlab/stolon:master-pg10
frflfnpty7tr pgsql_pgkeeper3 replicated 1/1 sorintlab/stolon:master-pg10
x7pqqchi52kq pgsql_pgsentinel replicated 3/3 sorintlab/stolon:master-pg10
mwu2wl8fti4r pgsql_postgresql replicated 3/3 sorintlab/stolon:master-pg10
9hkbe2vksbzb redis_redis-master global 3/3 bitnami/redis:latest *:6379->6379/tcp
l88zn8cla7dc redis_redis-replica replicated 3/3 bitnami/redis:latest *:30003->6379/tcp
1utp309xfmsy redis_redis-sentinel global 3/3 bitnami/redis:latest *:30002->16379/tcp
oteb824ylhyp registry_registry replicated 1/1 registry:2.6
qovrah8nzzu8 traefik_traefik replicated 3/3 traefik:latest *:80->80/tcp, *:443->443/tcpChii chimwe chinogona kuvandudzwa? Iva nechokwadi chekugadzirisa Traefik kuti ishande nemidziyo ye https, wedzera tls encryption yePostgresql uye Redis. Asi kazhinji, unogona kutopa kune vanogadzira sePoC. Ngatitarisei dzimwe nzira dzeDocker.
podman
Imwe injini inozivikanwa kwazvo yekumhanyisa midziyo yakaunganidzwa nemapods (pods, mapoka emidziyo akaiswa pamwechete). Kusiyana neDocker, hazvidi chero sevhisi yekumhanyisa midziyo, basa rese rinoitwa kuburikidza ne libpod raibhurari. Zvakare yakanyorwa muGo, inoda OCI inoenderana nguva yekumhanyisa kumhanya midziyo senge runC.
Kushanda naPodman kazhinji kwakafanana nekwaDocker, kusvika padanho raunokwanisa kuzviita seizvi (zvichidanwa nevazhinji vakazviedza, kusanganisira munyori wechinyorwa chino):
$ alias docker=podmanuye unogona kuramba uchishanda. Kazhinji, mamiriro ezvinhu nePodman anonakidza kwazvo, nekuti kana shanduro dzekutanga dzeKubernetes dzakashanda naDocker, saka kubva munenge muna 2015, mushure mekuenzanisa nyika yemidziyo (OCI - Open Container Initiative) uye kupatsanura Docker mumudziyo uye runC, imwe nzira. Docker iri kuvandudzwa kuti imhanye muKubernetes: CRI-O. Podman mune izvi ndeimwe nzira yeDocker, yakavakirwa pamisimboti yeKubernetes, kusanganisira kurongedza midziyo, asi chinangwa chikuru chepurojekiti ndechekumhanyisa midziyo yeDocker pasina mamwe masevhisi. Nezvikonzero zviri pachena, hapana swarm mode, sezvo vagadziri vanotaura zvakajeka kuti kana iwe uchida sumbu, tora Kubernetes.
Kuiswa
Kuisa paCentos 7, ingo shandisa iyo Extras repository, wobva waisa zvese nemurairo:
# yum -y install podmanZvimwe zvinhu
Podman inogona kugadzira zvikamu zve systemd, nekudaro kugadzirisa dambudziko rekutanga midziyo mushure mekutanga server. Pamusoro pezvo, systemd inonzi inoshanda nemazvo se pid 1 mumudziyo. Kuvaka midziyo, kune yakaparadzana buildah chishandiso, kune zvakare yechitatu-bato maturusi - analogues e docker-compose, ayo anogadzirawo Kubernetes-inoenderana magadzirirwo mafaera, saka shanduko kubva kuPodman kuenda Kubernetes iri nyore sezvinobvira.
Kushanda naPodman
Sezvo pasina swarm mode (inofanirwa kuchinjika kuKubernetes kana sumbu richidikanwa), isu tichaiunganidza mumidziyo yakasiyana.
Isa podman-compose:
# yum -y install python3-pip
# pip3 install podman-composeIyo inokonzeresa config file yepodman yakasiyana zvishoma, semuenzaniso taifanira kufambisa chikamu chakasiyana chevhoriyamu zvakananga kuchikamu chebasa.
gitlab-podman.yml
version: '3.7'
services:
gitlab:
image: gitlab/gitlab-ce:latest
hostname: gitlab.example.com
restart: unless-stopped
environment:
GITLAB_OMNIBUS_CONFIG: |
gitlab_rails['gitlab_shell_ssh_port'] = 22222
ports:
- "80:80"
- "22222:22"
volumes:
- /srv/podman/gitlab/conf:/etc/gitlab
- /srv/podman/gitlab/data:/var/opt/gitlab
- /srv/podman/gitlab/logs:/var/log/gitlab
networks:
- gitlab
gitlab-runner:
image: gitlab/gitlab-runner:alpine
restart: unless-stopped
depends_on:
- gitlab
volumes:
- /srv/podman/gitlab/runner:/etc/gitlab-runner
- /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock
networks:
- gitlab
networks:
gitlab:# podman-compose -f gitlab-runner.yml -d upMhedzisiro yebasa:
# podman ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
da53da946c01 docker.io/gitlab/gitlab-runner:alpine run --user=gitlab... About a minute ago Up About a minute ago 0.0.0.0:22222->22/tcp, 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp root_gitlab-runner_1
781c0103c94a docker.io/gitlab/gitlab-ce:latest /assets/wrapper About a minute ago Up About a minute ago 0.0.0.0:22222->22/tcp, 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp root_gitlab_1Ngationei kuti ichagadzira chii kune systemd uye kubernetes, pane izvi tinoda kutsvaga zita kana id yepodhi:
# podman pod ls
POD ID NAME STATUS CREATED # OF CONTAINERS INFRA ID
71fc2b2a5c63 root Running 11 minutes ago 3 db40ab8bf84bKubernetes:
# podman generate kube 71fc2b2a5c63
# Generation of Kubernetes YAML is still under development!
#
# Save the output of this file and use kubectl create -f to import
# it into Kubernetes.
#
# Created with podman-1.6.4
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
creationTimestamp: "2020-07-29T19:22:40Z"
labels:
app: root
name: root
spec:
containers:
- command:
- /assets/wrapper
env:
- name: PATH
value: /opt/gitlab/embedded/bin:/opt/gitlab/bin:/assets:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin
- name: TERM
value: xterm
- name: HOSTNAME
value: gitlab.example.com
- name: container
value: podman
- name: GITLAB_OMNIBUS_CONFIG
value: |
gitlab_rails['gitlab_shell_ssh_port'] = 22222
- name: LANG
value: C.UTF-8
image: docker.io/gitlab/gitlab-ce:latest
name: rootgitlab1
ports:
- containerPort: 22
hostPort: 22222
protocol: TCP
- containerPort: 80
hostPort: 80
protocol: TCP
resources: {}
securityContext:
allowPrivilegeEscalation: true
capabilities: {}
privileged: false
readOnlyRootFilesystem: false
volumeMounts:
- mountPath: /var/opt/gitlab
name: srv-podman-gitlab-data
- mountPath: /var/log/gitlab
name: srv-podman-gitlab-logs
- mountPath: /etc/gitlab
name: srv-podman-gitlab-conf
workingDir: /
- command:
- run
- --user=gitlab-runner
- --working-directory=/home/gitlab-runner
env:
- name: PATH
value: /usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin
- name: TERM
value: xterm
- name: HOSTNAME
- name: container
value: podman
image: docker.io/gitlab/gitlab-runner:alpine
name: rootgitlab-runner1
resources: {}
securityContext:
allowPrivilegeEscalation: true
capabilities: {}
privileged: false
readOnlyRootFilesystem: false
volumeMounts:
- mountPath: /etc/gitlab-runner
name: srv-podman-gitlab-runner
- mountPath: /var/run/docker.sock
name: var-run-docker.sock
workingDir: /
volumes:
- hostPath:
path: /srv/podman/gitlab/runner
type: Directory
name: srv-podman-gitlab-runner
- hostPath:
path: /var/run/docker.sock
type: File
name: var-run-docker.sock
- hostPath:
path: /srv/podman/gitlab/data
type: Directory
name: srv-podman-gitlab-data
- hostPath:
path: /srv/podman/gitlab/logs
type: Directory
name: srv-podman-gitlab-logs
- hostPath:
path: /srv/podman/gitlab/conf
type: Directory
name: srv-podman-gitlab-conf
status: {}systemd:
# podman generate systemd 71fc2b2a5c63
# pod-71fc2b2a5c6346f0c1c86a2dc45dbe78fa192ea02aac001eb8347ccb8c043c26.service
# autogenerated by Podman 1.6.4
# Thu Jul 29 15:23:28 EDT 2020
[Unit]
Description=Podman pod-71fc2b2a5c6346f0c1c86a2dc45dbe78fa192ea02aac001eb8347ccb8c043c26.service
Documentation=man:podman-generate-systemd(1)
Requires=container-781c0103c94aaa113c17c58d05ddabf8df4bf39707b664abcf17ed2ceff467d3.service container-da53da946c01449f500aa5296d9ea6376f751948b17ca164df438b7df6607864.service
Before=container-781c0103c94aaa113c17c58d05ddabf8df4bf39707b664abcf17ed2ceff467d3.service container-da53da946c01449f500aa5296d9ea6376f751948b17ca164df438b7df6607864.service
[Service]
Restart=on-failure
ExecStart=/usr/bin/podman start db40ab8bf84bf35141159c26cb6e256b889c7a98c0418eee3c4aa683c14fccaa
ExecStop=/usr/bin/podman stop -t 10 db40ab8bf84bf35141159c26cb6e256b889c7a98c0418eee3c4aa683c14fccaa
KillMode=none
Type=forking
PIDFile=/var/run/containers/storage/overlay-containers/db40ab8bf84bf35141159c26cb6e256b889c7a98c0418eee3c4aa683c14fccaa/userdata/conmon.pid
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
# container-da53da946c01449f500aa5296d9ea6376f751948b17ca164df438b7df6607864.service
# autogenerated by Podman 1.6.4
# Thu Jul 29 15:23:28 EDT 2020
[Unit]
Description=Podman container-da53da946c01449f500aa5296d9ea6376f751948b17ca164df438b7df6607864.service
Documentation=man:podman-generate-systemd(1)
RefuseManualStart=yes
RefuseManualStop=yes
BindsTo=pod-71fc2b2a5c6346f0c1c86a2dc45dbe78fa192ea02aac001eb8347ccb8c043c26.service
After=pod-71fc2b2a5c6346f0c1c86a2dc45dbe78fa192ea02aac001eb8347ccb8c043c26.service
[Service]
Restart=on-failure
ExecStart=/usr/bin/podman start da53da946c01449f500aa5296d9ea6376f751948b17ca164df438b7df6607864
ExecStop=/usr/bin/podman stop -t 10 da53da946c01449f500aa5296d9ea6376f751948b17ca164df438b7df6607864
KillMode=none
Type=forking
PIDFile=/var/run/containers/storage/overlay-containers/da53da946c01449f500aa5296d9ea6376f751948b17ca164df438b7df6607864/userdata/conmon.pid
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
# container-781c0103c94aaa113c17c58d05ddabf8df4bf39707b664abcf17ed2ceff467d3.service
# autogenerated by Podman 1.6.4
# Thu Jul 29 15:23:28 EDT 2020
[Unit]
Description=Podman container-781c0103c94aaa113c17c58d05ddabf8df4bf39707b664abcf17ed2ceff467d3.service
Documentation=man:podman-generate-systemd(1)
RefuseManualStart=yes
RefuseManualStop=yes
BindsTo=pod-71fc2b2a5c6346f0c1c86a2dc45dbe78fa192ea02aac001eb8347ccb8c043c26.service
After=pod-71fc2b2a5c6346f0c1c86a2dc45dbe78fa192ea02aac001eb8347ccb8c043c26.service
[Service]
Restart=on-failure
ExecStart=/usr/bin/podman start 781c0103c94aaa113c17c58d05ddabf8df4bf39707b664abcf17ed2ceff467d3
ExecStop=/usr/bin/podman stop -t 10 781c0103c94aaa113c17c58d05ddabf8df4bf39707b664abcf17ed2ceff467d3
KillMode=none
Type=forking
PIDFile=/var/run/containers/storage/overlay-containers/781c0103c94aaa113c17c58d05ddabf8df4bf39707b664abcf17ed2ceff467d3/userdata/conmon.pid
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.targetNehurombo, kunze kwekuvhura midziyo, iyo inogadzirwa unit yesystemd haina chimwe chinhu (semuenzaniso, kuchenesa midziyo yekare kana sevhisi yakadai yatangwazve), saka uchafanirwa kuwedzera zvinhu zvakadaro iwe pachako.
Mumusimboti, Podman inokwana kuyedza kuti ndezvipi midziyo, kuendesa zvigadziriso zvekare zvedocker-compose, wobva waenda kuKubernetes, kana zvichidikanwa, pane sumbu, kana kuwana imwe nzira iri nyore kushandisa kuDocker.
rkt
Iyo purojekiti inenge mwedzi mitanhatu yapfuura nekuda kwekuti RedHat yakaitenga, saka ini handisi kuzogara pairi zvakadzama. Kazhinji, yakasiya fungidziro yakanaka kwazvo, asi ichienzaniswa neDocker, uye zvakanyanya kuPodman, inoita senge musanganiswa. Paivewo nekugovera kweCoreOS kwakavakirwa pamusoro perkt (kunyangwe ivo pakutanga vaive neDocker), asi izvo zvakazoperawo mushure mekutenga kweRedHat.
Flash
Zvimwe , munyori wacho aingoda kuvaka nekumhanyisa midziyo. Tichitarisa zvinyorwa uye kodhi, munyori haana kutevera zviyero, asi akangosarudza kunyora kushandiswa kwake, izvo, chaizvoizvo, zvaakaita.
zvakawanikwa
Mamiriro ezvinhu neKubernetes anonakidza kwazvo: kune rumwe rutivi, neDocker, unogona kuunganidza sumbu (mune swarm mode), iyo iwe yaunogona kumhanyisa nharaunda dzekugadzira kune vatengi, izvi ndezvechokwadi kuzvikwata zvidiki (3-5 vanhu. ), kana nediki duku mutoro , kana kushayikwa kwechido chekunzwisisa kuoma kwekugadzirisa Kubernetes, kusanganisira kune mitoro yakakwirira.
Podman haina kupa kuenderana kwakazara, asi ine imwe yakakosha mukana - kuenderana neKubernetes, kusanganisira mamwe maturusi (buildah nevamwe). Naizvozvo, ini ndichaswedera kusarudzo yechishandiso chebasa sezvinotevera: kuzvikwata zvidiki, kana nebhajeti shoma - Docker (ine inogoneka swarm modhi), yekuzvigadzirira ini pachedu yenzvimbo - Podman comrades, uye kune wese wese. - Kubernetes.
Handina chokwadi kuti mamiriro neDocker haazoshanduki mune ramangwana, shure kwezvose, ivo mapiyona, uye variwo zvishoma nezvishoma kuenzanisa nhanho nhanho, asi Podman, nezvikanganiso zvayo zvose (inoshanda chete paLinux, hapana kubatanidza. , gungano uye zvimwe zviito zvisarudzo zvevechitatu) ramangwana rakajeka, saka ndinokumbira munhu wose kuti akurukure izvi zvakawanikwa mumashoko.
PS Musi wa3 Nyamavhuvhu tinovhura "kwaunogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezvebasa rake. Isu tichaongorora maturusi ayo ese: kubva kune ekutanga abstractions kusvika kunetiweki paramita, nuances yekushanda neakasiyana masisitimu anoshanda uye mitauro yekuronga. Iwe unozojairana neiyo tekinoroji uye unonzwisisa kupi uye sei nani kushandisa Docker. Isu tichagoverawo zvakanakisa maitiro ekuita.
Pre-order mutengo usati wasunungurwa: 5000 rubles. Chirongwa "Docker Vhidhiyo Course" inogona kuwanikwa .
Source: www.habr.com